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1.
中国中生代的两栖类化石十分稀少,已报道的有尾两栖类仅见产于河北丰宁县凤山炮樟沟晚侏罗世的东方塘螈(Laccotriton subsolanus)、凤山中华螈(Sinerpeton fengshanensis)、辽宁葫芦岛市水口子早白垩世的钟健辽西螈(Liaoxitriton zhongjiani)、内蒙古宁城道虎沟地区中侏罗世的天义初螈(Chunerpeton tianyiensis)和奇异热河螈(Jeholotriton paradoxus),以及辽西早白垩世热河生物群中的无尾两栖类葛氏辽蟾(Liaobatrachus grabaui)、三燕丽蟾(Callobatrachus sanyanensis)北票中蟾(Mesophryne beipiaoensis)。本文记述了一件采自内蒙古宁城道虎沟地区中侏罗世的蝌蚪化石,这在中国乃至亚洲尚属首次报道,不仅填补了中国中侏罗世无尾两栖类化石分布的空白,而且进一步丰富了燕辽生物群的内容,对早期蛙类的地理分布、形态发生、生存环境等研究具有重要的科学价值。 相似文献
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描述了发现于中国东北地区中生代地层中的蛙类化石一新属、新种,即莫旗蒙蟾(新属、新种)Mengbatrachus moqi gen. et sp. nov.。化石产于内蒙古自治区最东部与黑龙江省相邻的莫旗。该类化石的的主要特征如下:头宽大于头长,上颌骨和前颌骨具有密集排列的牙齿;两鼻骨在中线相接;副蝶骨长条状;翼骨较大,鳞骨、上肩胛骨发育,乌喙骨近端膨大显著;荐前椎8个,脊椎横突发育;第Ⅱ—Ⅳ荐前椎具有短粗肋骨;肋骨单头,近端膨大;荐椎横突呈近似棒状,远端仅稍加宽;尾杆骨上有一对椎后横突;胫跗骨和腓跗骨仅在近端和远端愈合。这是除辽蟾外,在中国发现的另一新的中生代无尾两栖类化石。 相似文献
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中国东北晚中生代的含火山灰夹层的湖相沉积中已经发现了三种无尾两栖类 (三燕丽蟾、葛氏辽蟾、北票中蟾 )和六种有尾两栖类(东方塘螈、钟健辽西螈、奇异热河螈、凤山中华螈、天义初螈、道虎沟辽西螈 ) ,它们多数是热河生物群的代表。这些两栖类是我国发现的第一批中生代滑体两栖类 ,以具有较早的地质年代、精美的保存状态和较大的物种分异度而区别于世界其他地区的两栖类。其中的无尾两栖类比世界典型侏罗纪种类更进步 ,处于较高的演化阶段 ,从而支持化石层时代是侏罗纪之后的观点。六种有尾两栖类都具有单头的肋骨 ,显示其演化阶段处于隐… 相似文献
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中国中生代有尾两栖类化石的首次报导 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
蝾螈类属有尾两栖动物,共计9科62属352种。与其相关的蛙类和无足类相比,蝾螈类在形态上更原始、更接近于现代两栖类理想祖先的构造。因此,研究早期蝾螈化石对了解两栖类的进化史具有极其重要的意义。然而,世界各地中生代蝾螈类化石十分贫乏,且所知记录多以零碎材料为代表。鉴于完整的蝾螈材料非常稀少,推进此类研究的水平赖于早期完美标本的发现。 相似文献
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中国首次发现的中生代蛙类化石：两栖纲：无尾目 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
蛙类和蟾蜍类是现存最高级的两栖类,不仅种类繁多,而且分布广泛。我国的蛙类化石仅发现于新第三纪和第四纪地层中,尤以山东山旺中新世玄武蛙(Rana basaltica)、强壮大锄足蟾(Macro-pelobates cratus)等最为有名。本文记述的蛙类化石产自辽宁西部北票市上园四合屯义县组下部,地层时代为晚侏罗世晚期。这是中国无尾两栖类在中生代地层中的首次发现,也是中国乃至东亚最早的蛙类化石,填补了侏罗世蛙类在大区域内的分布空白。该化石不仅进一步丰富了辽宁西部热河动物群内容,而且对研究早期蛙类的形态特征、分类演化及古动物地理有重要意义,具有重要的科学价值。 相似文献
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广东河源盆地蛋化石 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
河源盆地沉积了白垩系-古近系，笔者将这套地层划分为3个岩石地层单位，新建仙塘组和东源组，沿用格岭组。在河源除发现恐龙骨骼、恐龙脚印、龟鳖化石外，于白垩系东源组中还产有大量蛋化石。该组蛋化石的分布，下部以圆形蛋为主，中-上部多见长形蛋。报道了三王坝村副圆形蛋(新种)Paraspheroolithus sanwangbacunensis Fang sp．nov．、风光村树枝蛋(新种)Dendroolithus fengguangcunensis Fang sp．nov．和瑶屯巨形蛋Macroolithus yaotunensis、长形长形蛋Elongatoolithus elongates。 相似文献
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泥炭分子化石单体碳氢同位素的古气候意义 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
为了查明泥炭分子化石记录的古植被状况与古植物学分析结果的差异，并进一步探讨这些分子化石所记录的古气候信息，本文利用气相色谱仪(CC)、气相色谱—质谱联用仪(GC—MS)、气相色谱—燃烧-同位素比质谱仪(GC-C-IRMS)、气相色谱-热转换—同位素比质谱仪(CC—TC—IRMS)详细分析了一个40cm(约220年)长的泥炭岩芯中的分子化石及其单体碳、氢同位素组成。正构烷烃分子化石的主峰化合物(C23)及其碳、氢同位素组成与温度有很好的对应关系，工业革命以来化石燃料的燃烧效应也在单体碳同位素上反映出来。这些结果反映了泥炭分子化石具有很好的古气候和古环境意义。 相似文献
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在集宁盆地商都坳陷，首次应用丰富的孢粉、介形类和轮藻等化石资料论证并命名了一套新地层，自下而上为高勿素组和大囫囵组，在高勿素组中分别建立了孢粉Ⅰ．Cyathidites—Aequitriradites—Pilosisporites—Tricol popollenites组合；介形类Ⅰ．Mongolocypris infidelis—M．tera—M．longa组合；轮藻I．Obtusochara niaoheensis—Atopochara alanensis—S phaerochara datongensis组合。在大囫囵组中建立了孢粉Ⅱ．Schizaeoisporites—Taxodiaceaepollenites组合，包括2个亚组合，即①Cicatricosisporites-Classopollis亚组合，②Tricolpites-Polyporites亚组合；介形类Ⅱ．Mongolocypris cf．infidelis-M．cf．tera组合；轮藻Ⅱ．Grambastichara yuntaishanensis—Hornichara productas—Raskyaechara wumengensis组合。根据上述微体古生物化石，认为高勿素组相当于早白垩世晚期的阿尔布期，大囫囵组相当于晚白垩世早期的赛诺曼—土伦期。 相似文献
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在广西东攀二叠一三叠系界线剖面中发现了Domataceras guangziensis，Lopingoceras guangdeensis Zhao，Liang et Zheng，Schizoloboceras fusuiensis，Agathiceras sp．，Stacheocerassp．，Pernodoceras robustum Chao et Liang，Dushanoceras cf．rotolarium Zhao，Liang et Zheng，Huananoceras cf．peromatum Chao et Liang，Qianjiangocerassp．，Laibinoceras cf．compressum Yang，Glyptophiceras sp．，Lytophiceras cf．chamunda（Diener），Ophicer as tingi Tien，Ophiceras sp．化石。在剖面的第2～12—2层产Pernodoceras，Dushanoceras，Huananoceras和纰njiangoceras化石，均为长兴期菊石带Pseudotirolites.Rotodiscoceras的共生化石。第12—3层产长兴期菊石Laibinoceras cf．compressum Yang。第13-1A-16层产Lytophiceras和Ophiceras，为早三叠世菊石带Ophiceras-Lytophiceras的带化石。东攀剖面菊石的分布及其与华南其他地区的对比研究表明，广西东攀剖面二叠一三叠系界线位于第12—3层（厚55cm）内部或者位于第13—1A层的底部。 相似文献
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辽西四合屯脊椎动物集群死亡事件：火山爆发的灾变记录 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
辽西北票以ConfuciusornisSinosauropteryxZhangheotherium为代表的四合屯脊椎动物组合发现于义县组下部湖相沉积中,时代为早白垩世Barremian中期(J—K界线144 Ma)或Valanginian晚期(J—K界线136 Ma)。化石包括鱼类、两栖类、爬行类、鸟类和哺乳类及无脊椎动物和被子植物,孔子鸟类群和具“羽毛”的小型兽脚类恐龙共生。野外发掘表明,化石完整地保存骨骼硬体及羽毛、食物、胃石、卵等软体及生理组织,确认多次非正常生物集群死亡事件。在四合屯发掘剖面上,含化石正常沉积的湖相页岩与火山喷发事件形成的沉凝灰岩互层,中酸性火山爆发形成的环境突变效应是导致脊椎动物集群死亡的主要原因。 相似文献
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记述了产自山东诸城上白垩统王氏群中一个较完整的蜥脚类恐龙肱骨(ZJZ-57)。它具有一些进步特征,如肱骨三角胸嵴向远端扩展,肱骨近端外侧1/3处发育隆凸,表明其属于较进步的巨龙类成员。另外,它具有一些独特的鉴定特征组合区别于其他任何巨龙类:近端横向强烈扩展,近端最大宽度与骨干长度之比为0.55;骨干粗壮,粗壮指数为0.39。综合研究表明,ZJZ-57所属个体代表了一种新的巨龙类恐龙:臧家庄诸城巨龙(Zhuchengtitan zangjiazhuangensis gen.et sp.nov.),它可能与Opisthocoelicaudia的亲缘关系较接近。这是山东晚白垩世地层中首次发现的巨龙类恐龙。 相似文献
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A new oviraptorid dinosaur Jiangxisaurus ganzhouensis gen. et sp. nov., is erected based on a partial skeleton from the Upper Cretaceous Nanxiong Formation of Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province. The new taxon differs from other oviraptorids in the weakly downturned rostrum of the lower jaw, much-elongated mandible with a height-to-length ratio being about 20% and the length ratio of radius to humerus of about 0.70. This species not only adds a new member to oviraptorid dinosaurs, but also provides more information about oviraptorid paleogeographical distribution in southern China. 相似文献
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Lü Junchang~* Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing China 《《地质学报》英文版》2009,83(2)
A new basal non-pterodactyloid pterosaur,Changchengopterus pani gen.et sp.nov.,is erected,on the basis of a nearly complete postcranial skeleton.The new taxon is distinguished by relatively short extensions of the prezygapophyses,postzygapophyses and haemal arches of the caudal vertebrae;a humerus that has a subtriangular deltopectoral crest;limb elements that decrease in length in the following order:ulna>wing-phalange 2>wing-phalange 3=wing-phalange 1>humerus>tibia>femur>wing-metacarpal.Phylogenetic an... 相似文献
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WANG Xuri Jingmai K. O’Connor ZHAO Bo Luis M. Chiappe Gao Chunling Cheng Xiaodong 《《地质学报》英文版》2010,84(2):247-256
<正>We report on a new species of enantiornithine bird from the Lower Cretaceous Qiaotou Formation of northern Hebei,China.The new taxon,Shenqiornis mengi gen.et sp.nov.,possesses several enantiornithine synapomorphies but is unique from other known species.The specimen has a well-preserved skull that reveals new information about enantiornithine cranial morphology.The new taxon possesses a large postorbital with a long tapering jugal process indicating that some enantiornithines may have had a fully diapsid skull,as in Confuciusornis.The tooth morphology of the specimen is unique and likely represents a previously unknown trophic specialization within Enantiornithes. 相似文献
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本文首次报道了鄯善地区中侏罗统齐古组产出一新的、原地保存的巨型蜥脚类恐龙—鄯善新疆巨龙( Xinjiangtitan shanshanesis gen. et sp. nov. ) 。其特征为: 倒第2 节颈椎在腹侧后1 /4 处向后发育一条棱嵴,并在后关节面下形成一小的半圆形突; 最后两节颈椎很长( 其长度之和为股骨、胫骨长度之和的63%) ; 第1 荐肋不参与构成荐椎轭; 股骨非常粗壮( 远端最大宽度为股骨长度的33%) 。支序分析显示新疆巨龙( 新属) 与马龙溪龙互成姊妹群,无疑为马门溪龙科中的一个新的分类群。但新疆巨龙( 新属) 还具有一些更接近于梁龙类的特征,包括发育明显的栖肌突、较短的后肢和股骨第4 转子位于股骨后侧内缘等。新疆巨龙( 新属) 的体长推算为30 ～ 32 m。 相似文献
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John E. Cooper Roger A. Rulifson J. Jeffrey Isely Sara E. Winslow 《Estuaries and Coasts》1998,21(2):307-317
Juvenile striped bass,Morone saxatilis, collected in Albemarle Sound, North Carolina, during 1988–1992 were examined for food habits and growth. Ages estimated from otoliths collected in 1990–1992 were used to determine individual spawning dates and growth in total length and weight. The majority of striped bass examined had been spawned in mid-May 1990, mid-May to early June 1991, and June to early July 1992. Mysid shrimp was the dominant prey taxon and was consumed in all size classes examined. Mysid shrimp were consumed at twice the rate of copepods and 10 times more frequently than cladocerans. Fishes were a minor prey taxon. The number of mysid shrimp consumed increased with increasing length of striped bass. A higher percentage of mysid shrimp were consumed in the more saline waters of the central sound than in the less saline western sound. The opposite trend was found for consumed fishes. Increases in total length were linear from July to October, but increases in weight were not. Weight increased less rapidly in younger striped bass and more rapidly in older striped bass than either length or age. Quadratic and logarithmic equations accurately predicted weight from measures of total length but weight could not be predicted from age nor could age be predicted from total length. Estimating growth from total length at time of capture may be comparing fish of different ages. Age estimation from otoliths allowed us to determine that growth rates were similar among years and that differences in observed total length over time were due to different spawning times and not growth rates. 相似文献
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Mark P. Witton 《Cretaceous Research》2009,30(5):1293-1300
A new species of the sail-crested pterosaur Tupuxuara is described from the Santana Formation of Brazil, Tupuxuara deliradamus sp. nov. The holotype, a partial skull, and a larger, partial skull referred to the same taxon differs from Tupuxuara leonardii by having a nasoantorbital fenestra with an acutely-angled posterior border with a long, straight posterodorsal margin, a reclined cranium, and an orbit situated entirely in the ventral half of the nasoantorbitral fenestra. Unfortunately, neither specimen is comparable with the fragmentary rostrum representing Tupuxuara longicristatus. In addition, resolution of a recent nomenclatural problem over the correct name for the clade containing Tupuxuara and its sister taxon, Thalassodromeus, is provided. Both genera are used by different authors as the nomenclatural basis for the group, but “Tupuxuaridae” has never been explicitly erected as a new taxon, and therefore fails to meet ICZN criteria that new taxa are only valid if authors clearly indicate their intention to establish new names. By contrast, “Thalassodrominae” was explicitly erected as a name for the Thalassodromeus + Tupuxuara clade, thereby fulfilling all ICZN requirements for naming of a new taxon and making Thalassodromeus stand as the type genus for this group. 相似文献
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A new ctenochasmatoid pterosaur from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of western Liaoning,China
A new ctenochasmatoid pterosaur, Gladocephaloideus jingangshanensis gen. et sp. nov. from the Yixian Formation of western Laioning Province is erected based on a complete skull and partial postcranial skeleton. It is characterized by following features: about 50 total teeth with sharp tips; small nasoantorbital opening, occupying approximately 13% of the skull length; ratio of prenarial length to skull length approximately 0.63. The diagnoses of the Ctenochasmatoidea and Gallodactylidae are amended based on the new taxon. Gladocephaloideus jingangshanensis is the first gallodactylid pterosaur found in Asia. Its discovery not only provides much more osteological information about the Gallodactylidae but also indicates that the ctenochasmatoid pterosaurs were highly diverse in the Early Cretaceous. The filamentous structures preserved near the dorsal and posterior margins of the posterior portion of the skull and around the neck indicate that it had an epidermal covering and may have been a warm-blooded animal. 相似文献