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1.
利用野外高光谱仪(ASD Field Spec radiometer)在长春南湖进行了反射光谱测量和同步水质采样分析,通过研究水体藻类叶绿素a浓度与其高光谱反射特征之间的相关关系,采用单波段反射率、反射率比值法和一阶微分法分别建立了叶绿素a的高光谱定量模型。结果表明:三者与叶绿素a线性相关程度都比较高,决定系数在0.70左右,而且其显著水平P<0.01,都可以用于叶绿素a的定量遥感,其中单波段模型效果最好。为今后利用高光谱传感器在南湖进行叶绿素a浓度大面积遥感反演提供了研究基础。 相似文献
2.
为了研究成都市水质富营养化情况,选取了龙泉湖作为研究对象,通过对龙泉湖实地采集水样以及高分一号实时遥感影像数据进行处理,准确地评价出了龙泉湖水体所处的富营养级别。通过对龙泉湖实地数据进行水样参数浓度测量以及实地光谱曲线处理,获得相关的水质反演所需的敏感波段或者波段组合,得出了5个水质参数的反演公式,既而对校正预处理过的高分一号遥感数据进行富营养等级评价。在对各个评价的指标参数进行分析后,选择适合龙泉湖富营养状态评价的叶绿素chl_a、总磷TP、总氮TN、透明度SD、高锰酸盐CODmn五个参数指标,利用综合营养状态指数法对整体水域进行水质富营养化评价,得出龙泉湖目前处于中度营养状态,并初步进行了准确性分析论证。 相似文献
3.
随着社会的进步和经济的不断发展,人类对地表的干扰程度逐年上升,我国大部分湖泊都受到了不同程度的污染,尤其是因氮、磷等营养物质所引起的湖泊富营养化,严重影响了湖泊水库水质及水体生态系统的平衡。喀斯特高原湖泊具有独特的生态环境与地理背景,其生态系统较为脆弱,破坏之后难以恢复。因此,对百花湖表层各理化指标进行监测,统计了2012～2016年间各月的理化参数,分析各指标的时空变化趋势,并运用综合营养状态指数评价法对百花湖进行综合评价,得出该水库2012～2016年的富营养化等级及其变化趋势,以期为百花湖污染提供综合防治的依据。 相似文献
4.
通过实测查干湖高光谱数据,建立透明度(Secchi Disk Depth,SDD)单波段估测模型、比值估测模型以及神经网络高光谱估测模型,并以确定性系数R2以及剩余残差RMSE为指标进行了验证.通过对单波段估测模型和比值估测模型进行比较发现,单波段模型估测结果与比值模型相差无几,而水体透明度经对数处理有利于模型精度提高,但是神经网络模型是三者中最优的.查干湖透明度高光谱定量估测模型的建立,有利于今后利用遥感影像,对查干湖水体透明度进行全面估测,对于研究和监测查干湖水体水质状况有重要意义. 相似文献
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《四川地质学报》2014,(Z1)
苹果叶片钾素含量是反映其质量高低的重要因素,利用高光谱技术对苹果叶片钾素含量进行定量化反演,可为苹果信息化管理提供理论依据。在室内条件下,利用ASD FieldSpec 3地物光谱仪,测定了86个苹果叶片样品的高光谱反射率,并化验了其钾素含量。在分析苹果叶片原始光谱和一阶导数光谱特征的基础上,与其钾素含量进行相关分析,确定敏感波段,构建特征光谱参数,建立钾素含量预测模型,对模型进行了优选和检验。结果表明,苹果叶片钾素含量与原始光谱反射率在350~374nm波段呈极显著负相关,在375~2500nm呈极显著正相关;构建的8个特征光谱参数与苹果叶片钾素含量均呈极显著相关。通过进一步比较和筛选,确定了基于928 nm和1081 nm原始光谱反射率的2个苹果叶片钾素含量最佳预测模型。经检验,模型决定系数R2分别为0.5167和0.5646。取得快速利用高光谱预测苹果叶片钾素含量的研究成果。 相似文献
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《四川地质学报》2022,(Z1):108-111
苹果叶片钾素含量是反映其质量高低的重要因素,利用高光谱技术对苹果叶片钾素含量进行定量化反演,可为苹果信息化管理提供理论依据。在室内条件下,利用ASD FieldSpec 3地物光谱仪,测定了86个苹果叶片样品的高光谱反射率,并化验了其钾素含量。在分析苹果叶片原始光谱和一阶导数光谱特征的基础上,与其钾素含量进行相关分析,确定敏感波段,构建特征光谱参数,建立钾素含量预测模型,对模型进行了优选和检验。结果表明,苹果叶片钾素含量与原始光谱反射率在350374nm波段呈极显著负相关,在375374nm波段呈极显著负相关,在3752500nm呈极显著正相关;构建的8个特征光谱参数与苹果叶片钾素含量均呈极显著相关。通过进一步比较和筛选,确定了基于928 nm和1081 nm原始光谱反射率的2个苹果叶片钾素含量最佳预测模型。经检验,模型决定系数R2分别为0.5167和0.5646。取得快速利用高光谱预测苹果叶片钾素含量的研究成果。 相似文献
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以太湖为研究区域,同步获取悬浮物浓度实测数据、水体反射光谱数据和MODIS卫星影像数据,构建基于中分辨率成像光谱仪(MODIS)的悬浮物遥感估测模型.为了削弱大气效应,对MODIS影像了进行了粗略大气纠正.通过悬浮物特征光谱分析,将MODIS各敏感波段及波段组合与悬浮物浓度实测值进行相关分析,并应用实测光谱数据进行验证.在此基础上,运用回归分析建立半经验反演模型,并对模型进行了评价和应用.研究结果表明,MODIS影像可以很好地对大型内陆湖泊的悬浮物浓度进行遥感估测.250 m波段2 500 m波段4与1 000 m波段14是探测悬浮物的敏感波段.波段组合上,500 m组合因子r4/r3、r4-r3估测悬浮物含量的精度很高,适于构建反演模型;1 000 m波段8、11、131、4的多元组合也是构建模型的较好选择(R2均不低于0.85). 相似文献
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基于遗传神经网络的克钦湖叶绿素反演研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
叶绿素a浓度能够在一定程度上反映内陆湖泊水质情况。为实现对克钦湖水体叶绿素a浓度的监测,于2010年8月15日对克钦湖进行了现场光谱测量和同步采样。通过分析叶绿素a浓度和光谱数据之间的关系,建立基于反射比、人工神经网络和遗传神经网络的叶绿素a浓度估测模型。结果表明:利用R700nm/R670nm反射比建立的模型估测精度为R2=0.67;人工神经网络模型的估测精度较高,R2=0.882;将遗传算法引入神经网络之后,模型的估测精度进一步提高,R2达到0.956,将模型预测的结果与克里格内插法相结合对研究区的叶绿素a空间分布情况进行定量估测,发现北湖的叶绿素a浓度明显高于南湖,有由北向南逐渐递减的趋势,这为今后利用高光谱数据对克钦湖叶绿素a浓度大面积遥感反演提供了研究基础。 相似文献
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土壤可见光和近红外波段(400~2 500 nm)反射光谱信息包含了大量土壤物理化学参数,土壤反射光谱测量简单、快速,无需破坏样品,而且还可以通过高光谱遥感方法制图。文中使用江苏国土生态地球化学调查中获取的大量土壤样品,研究了土壤阳离子交换量(CEC)、有机质含量、pH值、铁氧化物类型、铁铝硅等常量元素含量等重要土壤生态地球化学参数的光谱反应。结果显示,土壤CEC是进行光谱预测非常成功的参数,1 400、1 900和2 200 nm附近一阶导数光谱(FD)值或短波方向反射率值均可以很好地反映土壤CEC的大小;土壤有机质含量、铁氧化物类型、铁铝硅含量均可以在反射率光谱或其一阶导数(FD)值找到相关波段;土壤导数光谱存在的A、B、C和D峰使反射光谱方法不仅能够定量铁氧化物总量,还能鉴别铁氧化物矿物类型(针铁矿和赤铁矿)及其相对含量;江都土壤光谱的656 nm附近FD值与pH有很大相关性,但是江苏样品显示pH值光谱经验预测具有区域依赖性,可能与土壤类型有关,说明pH与光谱参数之间的关系并非一般的线性关系,而有更复杂的机制。 相似文献
11.
Robert A. Sweeney 《GeoJournal》1995,35(1):65-66
The positive ecological changes that have occurred in Lake Erie since the mid-1970, demonstrate that an extensively degraded aquatic ecosystem can be rejuventated. This rejuvenation should provide encouragement to other who are attempting to save such habitats as the Aral Sea. This paper summarizes the problems of Lake Erie, the meassures instituted to correct the problems and the result of remediation efforts. 相似文献
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Pintaeva E. Ts. Radnaeva L. D. Nikitina E. P. Shiretorova V. G. Tulokhonov A. K. 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2020,491(1):168-170
Doklady Earth Sciences - Small lakes, being less stable systems as compared to large lakes, are sensitive to climate variations and are characterized by high sedimentation rates, and thus, they... 相似文献
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Sheida Jalili Sajad Ahmad Hamidi Saeed Morid Reza Namdar Ghanbari 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2016,9(14):644
Recent decline in Lake Urmia water level makes it crucial to consider this issue more seriously. For this purpose, comparison of water level in Lake Urmia with Lake Van in Turkey, which is in relatively similar geographic and climate conditions, can be an effective approach. To follow this objective, trend analysis, regime shift, and coherency analyses are implemented. The results showed negative trend in Lake Urmia water level for the past 20 years, while in Lake Van, the trend is positive. Moreover, correlation of the lake level variations versus the basin rainfall during three common periods, identified by the regime shifts analysis, illustrated a decreasing trend in the correlation. These changes can be attributed to non-climatic factors such as different allocation disciplines in two lake’s catchments. Finally, the coherency analysis showed significant annual and inter-annual frequencies common between the two lake levels. Herein, the short-term period relations are associated with lags, while in long term, they act simultaneously. 相似文献
14.
Peter Wilson 《Geology Today》2011,27(4):149-153
The Lake District is a region of great scenic beauty in north‐west England that has inspired artists and poets alike, and which comes high on the list of classic geological localities in Great Britain in terms of both bedrock and geomorphological features. With its inspiring views, the Lake District is often portrayed as the product of repeated glaciation, mainly because of the clarity of the erosional and depositional features that can be seen there. But since the last glaciers disappeared other processes have been modifying the landscape, processes that have superimposed their own signatures on to the glacial features. Hillslopes in particular have undergone significant changes, as a result of slope failures in both bedrock and superficial sediments. Although these landforms are not unknown, they have not received the same level of investigation as the glacial features, resulting in a limited appreciation of their spatial distribution and significance in reshaping the landscape. This article outlines the characteristics and origins of some slope failure types, and demonstrates that there is still much to learn about the Lake District landscape. 相似文献
15.
N. Robinson P.A. Cranwell G. Eglinton S.C. Brassell C.L. Sharp M. Gophen U. Pollingher 《Organic Geochemistry》1986,10(4-6)
Lake Kinneret, a relict lake from the Neogene, is characterised by the dominance among its phytoplankton of the dinoflagellate Peridinium cinctum. The lipid geochemistry of Lake Kinneret is discussed herein in terms of the biology, chemistry and hydrology of the lake. Lipids isolated from two sediment sections (surface and 15 cm deep), obtained from the deepest point of Lake Kinneret, include: (1) 4α-methyl-5α (H)-stanols and related derivatives characteristic of P. cinctum, the novel sterol 4a-methylgorgosterol, and peridinosterol and 4α-methylgorgostanol, not previously reported to occur in lacustrine sediments; (2) C30 and C32 alkane-1,15-diols, not previously reported to occur in contemporary lacustrine deposits, and (3) products of early diagenesis. Many similarities were observed with the more widely studied marine dinoflagellates and marine sediments with dinoflagellate input. 相似文献
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A. Bollhöfer A. Mangini A. Lenhard M. Wessels F. Giovanoli B. Schwarz 《Environmental Geology》1994,24(4):267-274
Two sediment cores (BO90/13b and BO90/17b) from Lake Constance were investigated by-spectrometry for210Pb,134Cs,137Cs,241Am,234Th, and other members of the238U decay chain. The sediments were dated using the constant-flux model for210Pb, and accumulation rates were determined. These range from 0.04 to 0.65g/cm
2/yr (BO90/13b) and 0.04 to 0.8g/cm
2/yr (BO90/17b), respectively. The mean accumulation rate amounts to 0.16g/cm
2/yr for both cores. The cores had already been dated by lamination counting and reconstruction of high-water events at the Limnological Institute at Constance, so that a very precise time scale was available. Both ages derived are in agreement within statistical error up to 1900, which means dating with the constant-flux model for210Pb was confirmed up to that age. The position of the maxima of bomb cesium and americium confirm the stratigraphic and210Pb datings. With241Am a further radioactive isotope is available, which can, due to the half-life of241Pu (t
1/2=14.4yr) be detected now by-spectrometry and can serve as an additional time indicator, the maximum being dated at 1963. By applying the various time scales, the depth profiles of stable lead and zinc of core BO90/13b were dated. Both heavy metals show a very significant maximum located beneath the layer of the maxima of bomb cesium and americium, showing that these maxima are older than those of the bomb isotopes. It is remarkable in this context that the maximum of zinc concentration occurs a little later than that of stable lead. Similar concentration profiles are observable in core BO90/17b and other, older sediment cores (CS6-CS10) on a transect across the lake. In contrast to a former assumption, the depth profile of stable lead in Lake Constance sediments does not reflect the anthropogenic gasoline lead emissions into the atmosphere for Germany, their maximum being dated at 1971. 相似文献
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扎布耶盐湖是西藏高原代表性的富锂硼碳酸盐型盐湖。本文利用Pitzer模型模拟计算了西藏扎布耶盐湖冬季与夏季卤水、补给河流-泉水的低温(2℃)、常温(25℃)和高温(50℃)蒸发结晶过程,结果表明,扎布耶盐湖卤水可以由现代成分的河流-泉水蒸发浓缩形成,扎布耶盐湖的沉积组合与河泉水蒸发浓缩的矿物结晶规律吻合;而冬、夏卤水蒸发模拟结果与卤水蒸发实验结果基本吻合,但对矿物结晶顺序、矿物组合规律以及温度-季节性成分变化的影响等方面,提供了更多更详细的数据与认识。说明Pitzer模型对研究西藏富锂硼碳酸盐型盐湖的地球化学成因和盐田工艺都具有重要参考价值。 相似文献
19.
湖泊三角洲研究的回顾与展望 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
本文以中国陆相含油气盆地为例,简要地回顾了湖泊三角洲的研究史、研究现状和存在的主要问题。认为高分辨率层序地层学理论在湖泊三角洲不同级次的等时成因地层单元划分对比中的应用,可将单井的一维信息转化为油田范围至盆地范围的三维信息,从而为储层预测和油气藏精细描述提供更可靠的依据,为油气勘探带来广阔的前景。 相似文献