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1.
在西准噶尔萨吾尔岛弧带上首次发现了阿拉斯加型(岛弧型)镁铁-超镁铁环状杂岩体,并伴有铜镍矿化,这对认识区域构造格局与区域铜镍找矿具有重要意义。吐尔库班套杂岩体主要岩性为角闪辉长岩、辉长岩和橄榄岩。橄榄岩位于杂岩体的中部,辉长岩主要位于边部,角闪辉长岩位于杂岩体的最外带,表现出环状岩体特征。辉长岩锆石U-Pb谐和年龄为394.6±4.9Ma,形成于早泥盆世。元素地球化学特征表明该镁铁-超镁铁杂岩体来自同一源区,是同一原始岩浆分异演化的产物。高Mg和Cr特征及Sr-Nd-Hf同位素特征暗示源区可能主要显示出略亏损地幔的性质,但由于俯冲富水洋壳物质的加入或者在上升过程中受到地壳物质混染,显示出轻微富集地幔的特征。亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf、Ti为岛弧岩浆的特征。该岩体明显不同于新疆东天山黄山、图拉尔根、香山和额尔齐斯东段的喀拉通克等早二叠世造山后伸展背景的Cu-Ni矿床,与美国阿拉斯加东南部Duke Island杂岩体赋存的Cu-Ni矿床相类似。确认其为产于岛弧构造背景的阿拉斯加型岩体。同时确立了在萨乌尔山地区,准噶尔洋壳的俯冲作用在早泥盆世就已存在。在萨乌尔岛弧带泥盆纪阿拉斯加型岩体中具有寻找岩浆硫化物铜-镍-铂矿的地质条件与潜力。 相似文献
2.
镁铁-超镁铁岩分类是镁铁-超镁铁岩研究最基本的问题之一。镁铁-超镁铁岩（不包括金伯利岩、煌斑岩和碱性超镁铁岩等）按照产出的构造背景、岩石组合、伴生矿产大体可分为5类,即：蛇绿岩、义敦型岩体、阿拉斯加型岩体、层状侵入体和橄榄岩-闪长岩型岩体。蛇绿岩代表大洋岩石圈地幔及其分异物,义敦型代表大陆岩石圈地幔及其分异物,阿拉斯加型岩体来自岛弧、活动陆缘环境或具岛弧之下地幔特征的源岩,层状侵入体来自板内伸展构造背景,橄榄岩-闪长岩型岩体的构造背景与阿拉斯加型类似,但是也有产于板内环境的。蛇绿岩是学术界最关注的问题之一,笔者认为,1972年彭罗斯会议确定的蛇绿岩的定义仍然是适用的,斯泰因曼三位一体的概念仍然是有效的,而Delik的蛇绿岩定义和分类是不可取的。笔者认为,义敦型的概念是合适的和有用的。蛇绿岩与义敦型岩体有许多相似之处,但是,它们的构造含义不同。它们之间的区别不是依靠岩石组合本身,也不依靠地球化学,而是依靠野外产出位置和伴生的围岩性质以及构造情况。不同类型的镁铁-超镁铁岩形成的构造背景不同,伴生的矿产类型不同,具有不同的大地构造意义。在野外实践和室内研究中注意它们之间的区别,无论对于理论研究还是找矿研究都是非常重要的。 相似文献
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4.
祁连山地区镁铁——超镁铁岩的多样性 总被引：11，自引：1，他引：11
祁连山地区出露有不同类型的镁铁－超镁铁岩，包括蛇绿岩，阿拉斯加型岩体，橄榄岩－闪长岩型岩体以有产于北祁连西部的一种特殊的镁铁－超镁铁岩组合。不同的镁铁－超镁铁岩形成于一同的构造环境，蛇绿岩代表洋壳的残片，阿拉斯加型岩体产生岛弧或活动陆缘环境，橄榄岩一闪长岩体则是板块碰撞之后形成的，根据蛇绿岩与大致同时代的阿拉斯加型岩体产出的位置，推测在北祁连早古生代时存在向南的消减事件。 相似文献
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阿拉善地块南缘北大山地区野芨里镁铁-超镁铁质岩体主要由单辉橄榄岩、二辉橄榄岩、橄榄辉长岩组成。岩体局部发现了硫化物,主要由磁黄铁矿、镍黄铁矿与黄铜矿组成,指示岩浆结晶过程中发生了硫化物不混溶作用。岩石地球化学分析显示野芨里岩体属于铁质超基性岩,富集大离子亲石元素,相对亏损高场强元素,具有明显的Nb,Ta负异常,微量元素比值指示岩浆在上升过程中受到了中上地壳物质混染。橄榄辉长岩中锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为286.6±2.5 Ma,属于早二叠世。结合区域构造演化,认为野芨里岩体形成背景可能与古亚洲洋的闭合或俯冲之后的伸展作用相关。 相似文献
7.
镁铁-超镁铁岩与威尔逊旋回 总被引：21，自引：7，他引：14
威尔逊旋回的各个阶段都可以有镁铁-超镁铁岩的产出。在裂谷阶段有分异的小侵入体、层状侵入体以及碱性超镁铁岩体。洋盆阶段为蛇绿岩和可能的洋岛型辉长岩。在俯冲阶段生成阿拉斯加型和橄榄岩-闪长岩型杂岩,它们是岛弧和活动陆缘岩浆活动的一部分。与碰撞阶段有关的为橄榄岩-榴辉岩型岩体和造山榄榄岩,地幔核杂岩则产于碰撞后的后陆盆地或裂谷中,可能标志着从大陆内部向洋盆扩张阶段转变的开始。 相似文献
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汉南金水-青泥坑镁铁层状杂岩体位于扬子板块北缘汉南地体东北部,岩体侵位于中元古代西乡群。岩体出露面积大于500km~2。杂岩体主要由镁铁质辉长岩和部分超镁铁质辉石岩和橄榄岩组成。按层状岩序和岩石类型可以划分为上、下两个岩带,即由辉长岩类组成的上部带和由辉石岩-橄榄岩-粗粒蚀变辉长岩组成的下部岩带。研究表明,岩体的岩石化学、矿物化学和微量元素地球化学与层状岩序的演变相一致。韵律层发育部位,矿物组分多次重复出现,反映了形成杂岩体的岩浆有过多次侵位活动。还表明,层状岩序稀土总量和(La/Yb)_N值随层序增高而增加分馏趋势的一般规律。系统阐述了杂岩体各类岩石铂族元素分配特征。初步确定了铂矿化与铜镍矿化产出部位,讨论了铂族元素成矿作用问题。报告在分析了杂岩体产出的地质构造环境的基础上,探讨了杂岩体原始岩浆源的性质,同时估算了部分熔融程度。 相似文献
9.
达拉库岸镁铁-超镁铁质岩体位于东昆仑造山带南带之喀拉米兰晚古生代沟弧系,主要由二辉橄榄岩、单辉橄榄岩、橄榄二辉岩、单辉辉石岩和辉长岩组成。辉长岩的锆石U-Pb谐和年龄为244.4±1.5Ma,属于中三叠世。岩石普遍弱富集稀土元素和大离子亲石元素(Rb、Ba、Sr),亏损不相容元素(Nb、Ta)。岩体原生岩浆为高镁拉斑玄武质岩浆(Mg O 11.4%,Fe O10.8%)。元素地球化学和Nd、Sr同位素组成特征表明岩浆源区为富集岩石圈地幔,岩浆运移和侵位过程中遭受不同程度地壳物质的同化混染作用。依据橄榄石组分模拟获得橄榄石结晶过程中母岩浆达到硫饱和,并发生硫化物的熔离作用。从岩体特征、矿石结构、原生岩浆性质、深部硫化物熔离和物探信息等方面综合分析,岩体具有形成岩浆型铜镍硫化物矿床的良好条件。 相似文献
10.
江南造山带西段宝坛地区广泛发育镁铁-超镁铁质岩,由于其构造位置的重要性成为Rodinia相关研究的热点,构造环境争议较大。宝坛下如龙、大坡岭地区镁铁-超镁铁质岩侵入四堡群,主要由蛇纹石化橄榄岩、蛇纹石化橄辉岩和角闪石岩组成,个别岩体有辉长岩,未见火山熔岩相出现,不同于蛇绿岩、科马提质熔岩。杂岩体富含角闪石,有辉砷镍矿出现,显示出富流体特征。岩体尖晶石相对富Fe、Cr、Ti贫Al,在尖晶石成因化学成分图解中,多数样品落入阿拉斯加型杂岩体区域附近,表明宝坛镁铁-超镁铁质杂岩体与阿拉斯加杂岩体具有相似特征,形成于与俯冲相关环境。 相似文献
11.
Police, politics, and the right to the city 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Mustafa Dikeç 《GeoJournal》2002,58(2-3):91-98
Space and spatiality have recently been at the core of debates concerning the political possibilities of the city. The arguments advanced in this paper might be seen as an attempt to contribute to these debates through a reflection on the spatiality of (in) justice, politics, and the right to the city. The case of French urban policy, with its focus on distressed urban areas, and the `suburban problem' in France are used as examples to make arguments more concrete. 相似文献
12.
E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
13.
I. M. Gorokhov M. A. Semikhatov M. M. Arakelyants E. A. Fallick N. N. Mel’nikov T. L. Turchenko T. A. Ivanovskaya T. S. Zaitseva E. P. Kutyavin 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2006,14(3):260-274
Clay subfractions (SFs) of <0.1, 0.1–0.2, 0.2–0.3, 0.3–0.6, 0.6–2 and 2–5 μm separated from Middle Riphean shales of the Debengda Formation are studied using the TEM, XRD, K-Ar and Rb-Sr isotopic methods. The oxygen and hydrogen isotope compositions in the SFs are studied as well. The low-temperature illite-smectite is dominant mineral in all the SFs except for the coarsest ones. The XRD, chemical and isotopic data imply that two generations of authigenic illite-smectite different in age are mixed in the SFs. The illite crystallinity index decreases in parallel with size diminishing of clay particles. As compared to coarser SFs, illite of fine-grained subfractions is enriched in Al relative to Fe and Mg, contains more K, and reveals higher K/Rb and Rb/Sr ratios. The Rb-Sr age calculated by means of the leachochron (“inner isochron”) method declines gradually from 1254-1272 Ma in the coarsest SFs to 1038-1044 Ma in finest ones, while the K-Ar age decreases simultaneously from 1225–1240 to 1080 Ma. The established positive correlation of δ18O and δD values with dimensions of clay particles in the SFs seems to be also consistent with the mixing systematics. The isotopic systematics along with data on mineral composition and morphology lead to the conclusion that mixedlayer illite-smectite was formed in the Debengda shales during two periods 1211–1272 and 1038–1080 Ma ago. The first period is likely close to the deposition time of sediments and corresponds to events of burial catagenesis, whereas the second one is correlative with the regional uplift and changes in hydrological regime during the pre-Khaipakh break in sedimentation. 相似文献
14.
Influences of the unsaturated,saturated, and riparian zones on the transport of nitrate near the Merced River,California, USA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Joseph L. Domagalski Steven P. Phillips E. Randall Bayless Celia Zamora Carol Kendall Richard A. WildmanJr Janet G. Hering 《Hydrogeology Journal》2008,16(4):675-690
Transport and transformation of nitrate was evaluated along a 1-km groundwater transect from an almond orchard to the Merced River, California, USA, within an irrigated agricultural setting. As indicated by measurements of pore-water nitrate and modeling using the root zone water quality model, about 63% of the applied nitrogen was transported through a 6.5-m unsaturated zone. Transport times from recharge locations to the edge of a riparian zone ranged from approximately 6 months to greater than 100 years. This allowed for partial denitrification in horizons having mildly reducing conditions, and essentially no denitrification in horizons with oxidizing conditions. Transport times across a 50–100-m-wide riparian zone of less than a year to over 6 years and more strongly reducing conditions resulted in greater rates of denitrification. Isotopic measurements and concentrations of excess N2 in water were indicative of denitrification with the highest rates below the Merced River. Discharge of water and nitrate into the river was dependent on gradients driven by irrigation or river stage. The results suggest that the assimilative capacity for nitrate of the groundwater system, and particularly the riverbed, is limiting the nitrate load to the Merced River in the study area. 相似文献
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扬子北缘马元铅锌矿床闪锌矿微量元素及S-Pb-He-Ar-C同位素地球化学研究 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
马元铅锌矿床是近年扬子陆块北缘铅锌找矿的新突破。矿体呈层状、似层状产于碑坝隆起翼部震旦系灯影组角砾状白云岩层间构造带中,围岩蚀变很弱。矿石中硫化物以闪锌矿、方铅矿为主,中粗粒晶质结构,充填于白云岩角砾间。闪锌矿富集Cd、Ge、Ag,贫In、Tl、Se,Ga/In为6~132,Ge/In多1000,成矿温度以中-低温为主。金属硫化物ε~(34)S值相对集中,为12.9‰~19.4‰,平均为17.4‰,来自于海相硫酸盐的还原。铅同位素组成稳定,~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb为17.858~17.918:~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb为15.603~15.694;~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb为37.756~38.046,具有造山带和上地壳铅的特征,震旦系可能提供了金属成矿物质。闪锌矿中流体包裹体的~3He/~4He为0.03Ra~1.05Ra,~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar为326.1~765.1,~(38)Ar/~(36)Ar为0.183~0.204,表明成矿流体主要为地壳流体和饱和大气水(大气降水或海水)的混合。闪锌矿内流体包裹体挥发分δ~(13)C_(CH_4)值为-36.01‰~-28.80‰,δ~(13)C_(C_2H_6)值为-27.72‰~-22.44‰,δ~(13)C_(CO_2)值为-23.24‰~-9.68‰,表明有机流体参与了成矿作用。石英、方解石的H-O同位素结果表明具有海水和有机水混合的特征。可见,成矿流体具有两种流体混合的特征,一为蒸发海水与围岩反应所形成的盆地卤水,二为有机流体。推测矿区可能存在一个古油气藏,由于TSR生成一高硫气藏,为区内还原性有机流体的主要来源。当富含Pb、Zn等成矿物质的成矿流体运移至富含CH_4和H_2S的还原性流体的矿区角砾岩带时,两种流体混合,Pb、Zn等遇到H_2S发生反应而沉淀成矿,并伴生热液白云石等,形成了马元铅锌矿床。综上所述,我们认为马元矿床属MVT型铅锌矿床。 相似文献
16.
Delivery of Trace Metals (Al,Fe, Mn,V, Co,Ni, Cu,Cd, Ag,Pb) from the Trinity River Watershed Towards the Ocean 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The Trinity River (Texas, USA) contains in its watershed 23 different reservoir lakes, the largest one being Lake Livingston
situated in the lower Trinity River watershed and two potentially polluting metroplexes, Dallas and Houston. In order to determine
fluxes of nutrients and trace metals to Galveston Bay, a survey that included 24 discreet samples collected over a year and
at various stages of discharge was carried out during 2000–2001. Geochemical (i.e., sorption by Fe oxyhydroxides), biological
(i.e., seasonal uptake by sinking algae in Lake Livingston), and hydrological (i.e., dilution effects by increasing flow rates)
controls were found to be mainly responsible for variations in dissolved trace metal concentrations rather than pollution
sources. The Trinity River loads of suspended sediments and pollutant trace metals entering Galveston Bay at Anahuac were
<20% of those reaching Lake Livingston, and only a few percent of the total upstream trace metal load is entering the Gulf
of Mexico. Thus, during the transit through the 23 man-made lakes and an estuary, >96% of the pollutant trace metal load is
lost to sediments. 相似文献
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V. Yu. Prokof’ev L. D. Zorina V. A. Kovalenker N. N. Akinfiev I. A. Baksheev A. N. Krasnov G. A. Yurgenson N. V. Trubkin 《Geology of Ore Deposits》2007,49(1):31-68
The mineral composition of the Talatui gold deposit has been studied with modern methods. Previously unknown minerals (ilmenite, siegenite, glaucodot, wittichenite, matildite, hessite, pilsenite, zircon, tremolite, cummingtonite, hercynite, and goethite) have been identified in the ore. A high Re content has been detected in molybdenite. The spatiotemporal separation of Au and Ag is caused by different mineral species of these elements and their diachronous precipitation during the ore-forming process. Gold crystallized along with early mineral assemblages, beginning from virtually pure gold (the fineness is 996). Silver precipitated largely at the end of the process as hessite (Ag2Te) and matildite (AgBiS2). The temperature of ore deposition varied from 610 to 145°C, the pressure was 3370–110 bar, and the salt concentration ranged from 56.3 to 0.4 wt % NaCl equiv. The heterogeneous state (boiling) of fluid at the early stages has been documented. The chemical and isotopic compositions of the fluid testify to its magmatic nature and the participation of meteoric water at late stages in the ore-forming process. Thermodynamic modeling reproduces the main specific features of ore formation, including separation of Au and Ag. A physicochemical model of the gold mineralization in the Darasun ore district has been proposed. On the basis of several attributes, the Talatui deposit has been referred to the prophyry gold-copper economic type. 相似文献
19.
山西五台山区滹沱群变质玄武岩岩石学、地球化学特征及其成因意义 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在野外地质调查的基础上,选取滹沱群豆村亚群底部四集庄组玄武岩、顶部青石村组玄武岩和东冶亚群中下部河边村组玄武岩,进行岩石学和地球化学研究。分析结果表明：玄武岩主量元素高TiO2、TFeO,低MgO,具有演化的基性岩浆的特征。稀土元素含量相对较高,具有弱—中等程度的轻稀土元素富集,中等程度的轻重稀土元素分异,轻微的Eu异常;玄武岩中Cr、Ni含量变化较大,但与Mg#具有很好的正相关性。微量元素配分图解中具有明显的Sr负异常,部分样品具有Nb、Ta和Ti负异常,无Zr、Hf负异常,与岛弧火山岩不同;同时Nb、Ta无分异,Zr/Hf值较高,具有板内玄武岩浆的特征。综合分析认为,滹沱群玄武岩可能形成于板内裂谷环境。在岩浆上升过程中发生橄榄石与尖晶石的分离结晶作用,同时不同程度地受到地壳的混染。 相似文献