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特格里曼苏铜矿产于库山河群(C1k)砂岩中,矿体呈层状、似层状产出,受地层控制,浅色砂岩与紫色砂岩的交互带是铜矿体产出的最有利层位.通过对含矿砂岩胶结物的研究,认为赋矿砂岩中胶结物类型主要有碳酸盐胶结、硅质胶结、泥质胶结和铁质胶结4种,常见的胶结物组合类型有碳酸盐—硅质胶结组合、碳酸盐—泥质胶结组合、硅质—泥质胶结组合、铁质—泥质—碳酸盐胶结组合;矿化常发生于具碳酸盐—硅质胶结组合的砂岩中,铜矿物与硅质胶结物伴生.通过对含矿砂岩胶结物中流体包裹体研究,得到成矿流体为低温、低盐度流体.认为矿床成因为沉积成岩成因,古陆的风化剥蚀提供了基本的成矿物质,沉积物的搬运沉积形成了矿源层,成岩作用时期由于有机质及细菌的作用、氧化还原条件的改变,在成岩流体的迁移下造成了铜质的局部再富集,形成具有工业意义的铜矿体. 相似文献
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ZHOUXiang 《水文地质工程地质》2017,(1):84-90
为探讨三向应力状态下不同泥质胶结物含量砂岩渗透力学性能的异同,对泥质含量分别为4%、15%、24%、31%的4组不同泥质含量砂岩进行了三轴压缩渗透试验。试验结果表明:砂岩的强度和弹性模量随着泥质胶结物的增加呈幂函数型减小,随围压的升高而增大,内摩擦角和黏聚力随含泥量增加而逐渐减小;相同围压和泥质含量下,渗透性随加载应力的增大呈先减小后增大、再略微减小的整体趋势,渗透系数在峰值应力附近达到最大值;相同围压和偏应力下,渗透系数随泥质胶结物含量的升高而呈线性减小;同等泥质含量和偏应力下,砂岩的渗透性随围压的升高呈对数型函数减小。基于试验结果,分析得到了一种综合考虑围压、孔隙度以及泥质含量影响的砂岩综合渗透模型,并通过理论与试验数据对比分析验证了模型的合理性。 相似文献
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砂岩风化及其工程地质效应 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在成岩条件差、胶结程度低的砂岩中进行工程活动时,经常遇到边坡破坏、井壁破裂、巷道过度变形等事故。在岩石胶结特性和室内分析试验的基础上,分析了不同胶结状态的砂岩风化特性及其工程地质效应。同时,对砂岩文物风化与保护进行了论述。研究表明:1水溶液对砂岩风化起着重要作用,其影响着砂岩风化过程中的元素迁移、化学反应类型和速率,同时溶液还改变着岩石周围化学反应的pH和Eh值;2泥质胶结、硫化物胶结和碳酸盐胶结的砂岩容易受到环境影响风化,对工程影响较大。在强还原环境中砂岩暴露于地表后,易于风化,且风化后形成的酸性水环境有利于长石胶结砂岩的风化,进而影响岩石工程性质。 相似文献
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龙游石窟岩面水岩作用研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在龙游石窟砂岩胶结物的粘土矿物类型及特性研究的基础上,对窟内的积水、洞室顶部的裂隙渗水、地表水及衢江水等水样进行化学分析,结果表明石窟砂岩的矿物组成及构造, 决定了洞室渗水的水质,是造成水质不同的主要原因。对石窟洞室砂岩试样分别浸沉在上述水及蒸馏水中,并定期对浸沉水样进行化学分析,研究了石窟砂岩与水的相互作用机理,结果表明:由大气降水入渗而形成的渗透水对石窟的影响主要是渗透过程中发生的水化、溶脱、氧化等反应,从而导致洞室砂岩的矿物组成及构造产生变化,同时也直接影响了渗透水的水质。因此,粘土矿物与水之间有着相互制约,相互影响的作用,但是岩石中所含粘土矿物特性是使砂岩发生风化的主要原因。 相似文献
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白马南地区长81砂岩成岩作用及其对储层的影响 总被引：15，自引：2，他引：15
根据砂岩薄片、铸体薄片、扫描电镜、X-衍射和包裹体测温分析,研究了鄂尔多斯盆地西峰油田白马南地区长81储层的成岩作用特征,认为该区长81储层处于晚成岩A期阶段,压实作用和胶结作用强烈地破坏了砂岩的原生孔隙结构,溶蚀作用和破裂作用则有效地改善了砂岩的孔隙结构。该区长81储层发育次生孔隙相、泥质杂基压实相、自生碳酸盐胶结相和自生绿泥石胶结相,储层成岩相发育状况决定了孔隙结构的发育特征。发育次生孔隙相的砂岩具有较好的孔隙结构;而云母与泥质杂基压实相和碳酸盐胶结相发育的砂岩具有很差的孔隙结构。 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯盆地南部上古生界低孔低渗砂岩储层成岩作用特征研究 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
对鄂尔多斯盆地南部山西组二段—下石盒子组八段储层砂岩的岩石学特征、孔隙类型与物性特征、胶结物种类及成岩作用特点的详细研究表明:山西组二段—下石盒子组八段砂岩的主要孔隙类型大部分是与胶结物和泥质杂基有关的微孔隙,也是造成研究区砂岩储层低孔低渗的内在原因之一。砂岩主要的成岩作用包括机械压实作用、胶结作用、溶蚀溶解作用。压实作用是成岩早期导致砂岩储层质量变差的主要原因之一;胶结作用包括硅质胶结、钙质胶结和粘土矿物胶结,硅质胶结对储层物性的贡献大于其他胶结类型,方解石是造成储层物性降低的主要胶结物;煤系地层埋藏后提供的酸性孔隙流体造成早期长石和方解石的溶蚀溶解,形成次生孔隙,对早期储层物性起到了一定的改善作用,但由于后期强烈的方解石胶结作用而消失殆尽。 相似文献
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云冈石窟砂岩特性与岩石风化试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
侏罗纪期间河相沉积而成的巨大砂岩透镜体是云冈石窟遗产载体,在目前环境条件下,石窟砂岩风化破坏非常严重。通过现场调查表明,在不同细分层位,砂岩破坏特征与其沉积环境及沉积构造密切相关。进一步对不同风化程度样品进行测试,以此建立起风化评估依据,结果表明,该砂岩化学风化主要体现在胶结物流失、长石蚀变,而次生可溶盐结晶及冻融形成的物理破坏也不应该忽视。通过风化模拟试验可知：酸的溶蚀对石窟岩体表面造成直接破坏;同时,形成的可溶盐将导致砂岩出现由内而外劣化现象;由于岩石的孔隙率低、渗透性较差且胶结密实,岩石抵抗冻融作用相对较强。建议云冈石窟目前保护措施以治水为主,通过减少崖壁表面渗水、洞窟裂隙渗水及底部泥岩泛潮来减少上述劣化作用效应。 相似文献
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通过对松辽盆地宋芳屯油田芳3区块葡萄花油层砂岩储层岩性、物性、沉积环境及地质特征的研究，对葡萄花油层砂岩储层的物性特征及其影响因素进行了系统的分析，认为长石砂岩和岩屑质长石砂岩是主要砂岩类型，岩性有粉、细砂岩等，但以粉砂岩为主。砂岩主要沉积于弱氧化-弱还原的浅水三角洲前渊环境。砂岩胶结物主要为泥质和碳酸盐；胶结类型以接触-再生、孔隙-接触及混和式为主。储层物性属于中低孔、中低渗特征，主要受胶结物含量、沉积环境控制，以水下分流河道、分流河道砂岩物性最好，三角洲前缘席状砂和河口坝砂岩物性相对差。 相似文献
10.
岩石所受的三向应力状态对其弹性波传播性质有一定的影响，此认识为所做的以泥质砂岩、泥岩和硅质胶结的坚硬砂岩为试样的实验所证实。实验结果表明，泥质砂岩和泥岩的ｖＰ／ｖＳ值几乎保持不变，硬质砂岩的ｖＰ／ｖＳ曲线却在应力达破坏荷载的９０％左右出现下凹现象。经热处理后的硬质砂岩这一下凹现象则更突出 相似文献
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In situ analysis of detrital apatite is a significant approach to sedimentary provenance analysis, which is an important aspect in sedimentary geology study. Several trace elements such as Sr, Y and Rare Earth Elements (REEs) concentrate in apatites, and the distribution of these elements depends on the content of SiO2 and the distribution coefficient of the melt, thus the trace element abundances is obviously different in different rocks. These features can be used to indicate parent-rocks of detrital apatites in sedimentary rocks. The approaches and proxies of detrital apatite to sedimentary provenance analysis can be summarized as follows. ①elemental geochemistry, such as Sr, Y, REEs, the approaches including chondrite-normalised REE distribution patterns of apatites, Classification and Regression Tree (CART) and discriminant plots of REE parameters; ②isotopic geochemistry, including Sr-Nd and Lu-Hf isotopes; ③Multi-dating, including low-temperature thermochronology such as (U-Th)/He (AHe)and Fission Track (AFT) dating, and high-temperature thermochronology such as U-Pb dating. Based on an integrated analysis using these methods, we can get various and comprehensive geological information such as the rock type, formation conditions and evolution of source rocks, the history of uplift and exhumation of source areas and even the subsidence history of sedimentary basins. Although the low-temperature thermochronology of detrital apatite is widely used in sedimentary provenance analysis, the elemental and isotopic geochemistry, as well as the U-Pb dating, remains to be developed. These approaches are supposed to have wide application prospects in several research areas such as tectonics, sedimentary geology basin analysis and even paleoclimatology. 相似文献
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GZAF电子探针分析和控制系统软件Windows版采用VB和VC自主开发, 可运行于Win98等操作系统下.具有较全面的电子探针分析和控制功能, 主要有: 硬件系统设置、校正和驱动、定量分析及数据处理、多种定性分析模式、大样品线扫描分析、大样品面/线自动/手动布点定量分析及相应的图像生成和显示、X射线特征谱分析、薄膜厚度分析等.分析报告方式有电子表格、数据库、文本文件、平面或立体图形和图像文件.所有报告都可以直接在Of fice、WPS、Access、Photoshop等通用软件中引用和加工.该软件移植性强, 只要提供32位标准的电子探针硬件接口, GZAF即可应用于任何厂家的电子探针上.GZAF可以半脱机或完全脱机使用, 灵活方便地为所有探针用户服务. 相似文献
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基于MEM1谱分析的水文时间序列隐含周期特性研究 总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13
水文时间序列的隐含周期(本文将简单周期、复合周期及近似周期等统称为隐含周期)的识别、判定是一个重要而又较为困难的问题,相对成熟和有效的做法是对其进行频谱分析。建立在最大熵原理(POME)基础之上的MEM1谱分析,克服了传统谱分析方法的诸多不足,具有频谱光滑、分辨率高等独特优势。为此,以黄河花园口(秦厂)测站年径流系列、月径流系列和年最大洪峰流量序列隐含周期特性的研究为例,探讨了MEM1谱分析在水文时间序列隐含周期特性中的应用。 相似文献
15.
《Applied Geochemistry》2004,19(4):623-631
This study concerns the application of multiple correspondence analysis and factorial kriging analysis to soil data, and aims to identify spatial patterns and superficial soil anomalies of the Au and Ag deposit at Marrancos, Vila Verde. The mineral deposit can be described as a quartz auriferous shear-zone, consisting of a quartz breccia of tectonic origin hosted by metamorphic rocks (hornfels). Gold is associated with arsenopyrite and pyrite, and Ag with galena and galenobismuthite. A total of 286 soil samples were analysed for Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb, Co, Ni, Mn, Ag and Bi by atomic absorption spectrometry, As, Se, Te and Sb by atomic absorption spectrometry–hydride generation system and Au by inductively coupled plasma–atomic emission spectroscopy after extraction of the metal by an organic solvent (methyl-isobutylketone). The methodology used included (a) multiple correspondence analysis applied to soil data to obtain some factors that summarize geochemical information, (b) a structural analysis (variography) in order to account for spatial variability of these factors, and (c) factorial kriging analysis used to split these factors into their spatial components. This methodology allowed an efficient multi-element characterization of the spatial patterns as well as the identification and interpretation of significant anomalies, not always associated to Au-bearing geological structures. 相似文献
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Finite Element (FE) pseudo-static analysis can provide a good compromise between simplified methods of dynamic analysis and time domain analysis. The pseudo-static FE approach can accurately model the in situ, stresses prior to seismic loading (when it follows a static analysis simulating the construction sequence) is relatively simple and not as computationally expensive as the time domain approach. However this method should be used with caution as the results can be sensitive to the choice of the mesh dimensions. In this paper two simple examples of pseudo-static finite element analysis are examined parametrically, a homogeneous slope and a cantilever retaining wall, exploring the sensitivity of the pseudo-static analysis results on the adopted mesh size. The mesh dependence was found to be more pronounced for problems with high critical seismic coefficients values (e.g. gentle slopes or small walls), as in these cases a generalised layer failure mechanism is developed simultaneously with the slope or wall mechanism. In general the mesh width was found not to affect notably the predicted value of critical seismic coefficient but to have a major impact on the predicted movements. 相似文献
17.
The suitability of the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF) operational wind analysis for the period
1980–1991 for studying interannual variability is examined. The changes in the model and the analysis procedure are shown
to give rise to a systematic and significant trend in the large scale circulation features. A new method of removing the systematic
errors at all levels is presented using multivariate EOF analysis. Objectively detrended analysis of the three-dimensional
wind field agrees well with independent Florida State University (FSU) wind analysis at the surface. It is shown that the
interannual variations in the detrended surface analysis agree well in amplitude as well as spatial patterns with those of
the FSU analysis. Therefore, the detrended analyses at other levels as well are expected to be useful for studies of variability
and predictability at interannual time scales. It is demonstrated that this trend in the wind field is due to the shift in
the climatologies from the period 1980–1985 to the period 1986–1991. 相似文献
18.
新疆哈密红山高硫化物型浅成低温Cu-Au矿床的氧化带呈漏斗状产于原生硫化物矿体的上部,延深50～60m,以硫酸盐矿物为主。X射线粉晶衍射、湿法化学和差热分析研究表明,钾铁矾、板铁矾和副基铁矾3种硫酸盐矿物均系在中国首次发现。钾铁矾湿法化学分析为:H2O6.35%,SO349.72%,Na2O0.15%,Fe2O326.00%,K2O12.47%,FeO0.25%,SiO23.25%,不溶物0.85%,CaO0.11%,总计99.15%;XRD特征谱线为:4.40(100),4.26(70),6.58(47)。板铁矾湿法化学分析为H2O26.51%,SO349.91%,Na2O0.03%,Fe2O322.52%,MgO0.01%,CaO0.03%,总计99.01%;XRD特征谱线为:9.16(100),3.29(9),4.06(8)。副基铁矾湿法化学分析为H2O24.82%,SO338.53%,Al2O30.18%,Fe2O336.10%,MgO0.02%,CaO0.04%,总计99.69%;XRD特征谱线为:5.00(100),3.11(41),5.85(39)。热分析实验进一步验证了化学分析的可靠性,并对这些硫酸盐热反应机制作了解释。该类硫酸盐矿物已作为新型资源直接制酸用于湿法炼铜,具有选矿和环保上的巨大优势。对该类硫酸盐矿物的共生组合、形成次序、形成条件的深入研究还可用来反演古环境和古气候。 相似文献
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Neutron Activation Analysis, Atomic Absorption and X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry Review for 2003 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This review for the year 2003 deals with three relatively well-established, mature, analytical techniques (neutron activation analysis, atomic absorption spectrometry and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry) that nevertheless remain very important for the characterisation of geological and environmental samples. Developments in neutron activation analysis included modification to the technique in relation to the determination of platinum-group elements, as well as consideration of sample size in ore grade estimation. A considerable body of literature was published on the application of atomic absorption spectrometry in the analysis of environmental samples. Many of these proposed technical and methodological improvements, notably in extraction procedures. X-ray fluorescence spectrometry saw developments in in situ analysis, synchrotron micro-XRF (μ-SRXRF) and a confocal X-ray set-up for 3D elemental imaging. XRF technologies were used in the analysis of geological samples, reference materials, glasses, solutes and environmental materials. 相似文献
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提出了采用遥感技术与地理信息系统结合研究渍涝灾害的方案,其内容包括:(1)信息源选择与信息处理1(2)清访机理与灾情分析;(3)灾情预报与防治决策.讨论了实施技术系统的基本功能:(1)图像与数据处理1(2)基本信息的提取与分析,(3)损失分析模型与预报模型.作为本方案论证的一部分,还介绍了笔者近期在这一领域中的部分研究成果. 相似文献