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1.
O. B. Kuzmina Z. N. Gnibidenko L. B. Khazin I. V. Khazina 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2017,25(3):342-361
New micropaleontological and paleomagnetic data were obtained by studying core samples of Cenozoic continental deposits from two boreholes drilled in the south of Tyumen oblast (Western Siberia). Palynological assemblages in deposits of the Tavda (upper part), Novomikhailovka, Turtas, Abrosimovka, Tobolsk, Smirnovka, and Suzgun formations were described. Deposits of these formations are enriched in spore-pollen assemblages, which can be correlated with assemblages of regional palynozones of the West Siberian Plain. Ostracods were described in Quaternary deposits. On the basis of biostratigraphic and paleomagnetic data, the Late Eocene (Priabonian)–Holocene age of deposits was substantiated. For the first time, beds with dinocysts of genus Pseudokomewuia were identified in deposits of the Turtas Formation (Upper Oligocene) of the Ishim lithofacial area. In total, nine regional magnetozones were distinguished in the paleomagnetic section. On the basis of palynological and paleomagnetic data, sections of two boreholes were correlated, and hiatuses in sedimentation were revealed. A large hiatus is at the Eocene-Oligocene boundary (Western Siberia): the Lower Oligocene Atlym Horizon and Miocene–Pliocene and Eopleistocene sediments are missing. The Oligocene interval of the section is represented in a reduced volume. 相似文献
2.
Dr. H. Wensink 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1964,54(1):364-384
Summary This paper deals with the Plio-Pleistocene Graue Stufe in Eastern Iceland, which forms the upper part of the islands enormous pile of plateau basalts. A stratigraphy of the Graue Stufe has been established by using both paleomagnetic and petrographic criteria. Also the number and the stratigraphic position of the intercalated indurated moraines, the tillites, has been ascertained.The Graue Stufe embraces the N2, R1 and the lower part of the N1 paleomagnetic period. Petrographically the lava series contains tholeiites, porphyritic basalts and olivine basalts in a fairly irregular succession.Several tillites are intercalated in the lavas. The lowermost tillites are found in the middle part of the N2 series. As the N2 period is of pre-Quarternary age, glaciations in Iceland must have occurred already in the Pliocene.The results from Eastern Iceland have been compared with those of some other localities of the Graue Stufe in Iceland.The paleomagnetic stratigraphy is hampered by the occurrence of some flows, showing inverted remanent magnetization. Such inverted flows are locally found both in the N2 series and in the R1 series. This may be ascribed to extra, short periodical reversals of the geomagnetic field. 相似文献
3.
Hasan Sözbilir 《Geodinamica Acta》2013,26(5-6):277-288
Abstract A close relationship between formation of approximately upright folds with axes normal to the extension direction and ramp/flat extensional geometries is established for well exposed Neogene syn-extensional rocks on the presently low-angle Gediz detachment fault, along the southern margin of the Gediz Graben region of western Anatolia, Turkey. Three unconformity-bounded sedimentary sequences and several metamorphic extensional allochthons were mapped in the upper-plate of the Gediz detachment. The oldest sedimentary sequence consists of deformed and folded strata of sandstones and conglomerates that are regarded as being deposited in a supra-detachment basin during the Miocene-Early Pliocene. This unit rests unconformably on the extensional allochthonous, but directly in fault contact with the lower-plate mylonitic rocks. The younger slightly tilted Late Pliocene-Pleistocene sedimentary sequences are post-detachment units that are controlled by EW-trending high-angle normal faults. The youngest alluvium comprises the undeformed present-day basin fill of the Gediz Graben. The supra-detachment sedimentary rocks contain a number of kilometric-scale longitudinal folds that are nearly parallel to the east-west-trending fault system of the Gediz Graben. The folds have a steeply inclined bisecting surface, an interlimb angle of 130–150°, and a plunge of <10°. These folds may be interpreted to form as a result of bending in the underlying Gediz detachment fault. The bending may have an alternation of ramp and flat geometries on which a hanging-wall syncline and rollover anticline formed, respectively. This study again shows the importance of local geology in understanding of some spectacular structures of the extensional basins. © 2002 Éditions scientifiques et médicales Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved. 相似文献
4.
Roger Dixon 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2011,122(3):514-523
A one-day Geologists’ Association field excursion to the Bawdsey Peninsula in coastal Suffolk is described, with a guided tour of ‘The Pliocene Island’ at Sutton Knoll and visits to examine coastal erosion, the London Clay and Red Crag at Bawdsey East Lane, and the Red Crag at Alderton and Ramsholt. The depositional environments indicated by the Crag sediments and faunas are discussed, and non-derived Red Crag mollusc faunas at Sutton and sand-wave mollusc assemblages from Ramsholt are described. 相似文献
5.
Early Pleistocene sediments bearing gastropod shells and pollen flora were found during coring at Jawornik (South Poland) at a depth interval of 54.30–39.00 m, beneath the oldest till of the Carpathians. Thirteen land-snail taxa identified in 55 samples of the core formed two molluscan assemblages. In the bottom part, typical cold-loving snails were found (e.g. Vallonia tenuilabris, Pupilla loessica, Vertigo genesii, Columella columella), whereas in the upper part only Semilimax kotulae was present. The succession of molluscan assemblages may suggest that at the site of deposition, after a phase of tundra, steppe-tundra or forest-steppe landscape with patches of wet habitats in cold climate, the climate became slightly milder but still cool, favourable to the spreading of boreal (coniferous) woodlands. Pollen analysis was performed only for the upper part of the profile. The pollen spectra, besides the Tertiary (Miocene) elements, contained sporomorphs common to the Tertiary and Quaternary floras. Among them, the highest percentages were noted for Pinus haploxylon t., P. diploxylon t., Picea, Quercus, Ericaceae, Betula, and Ulmus. The fact that the sediments with organic remains underlie the oldest Scandinavian till suggests that they are older than the oldest glacial unit of the South-Polish Complex (Narevian = Menapian, ~ 1.2 Ma). 相似文献
6.
P.F. Riches 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2010,121(3):293-300
The first occurrence and presence of the bivalve Macoma balthica in the Pleistocene shallow marine sediments (Crags) of East Anglia has long been used to characterise the youngest “Weybourne” or “Wroxham” Crag Formation of Early to early Middle Pleistocene age. A review of recent work on the morphological variation and genetic lineages of living populations of the species and of work on fossil discoveries in East Greenland suggests that the current palaeontological species definition is too narrow, that the species arrived in the Atlantic about 2.4 Ma and much earlier than is envisaged from the studies of the North Sea Basin, and that there were several trans-Arctic migrations of the species during the Pleistocene. This paper reviews these findings and concludes that: (i) detailed morphometric analyses of fossil Macoma species from the Crag need to be undertaken and the species definitions comprehensively reviewed to take account of the morphological and genetic variation seen in modern populations; (ii) detailed morphometric analysis of modern M. balthica should be undertaken and tied to the different genetic lineages, and (iii) the current palaeontological definition of Macoma balthica should not be relied on as the basis for a First Appearance Datum (FAD) in the Southern North Sea basin. 相似文献
7.
The litho- and biostratigraphy of the Craie de Villedieu Formation (Coniacian-Santonian)of western France are described in detail. The formation is subdivided into three members each containing a number of lithologically distinct named hardgrounds and marker beds. These constitute an onlapping sequence that thins from > 15 m in the NE around Cangey and Villedieu-le-Château, to < 2 m in the SW around St Michel-sur-Loire, a distance of 70 km. Thickness variation is related to the interaction of differential subsidence with eustatic transgression. Comparison with the Chalk Rock Formation of southern England indicates that transgressive and regressive hardground suites may be differentiated on bed geometry and hardground surface characteristics. The Craie de Villedieu rests everywhere on a regional hardground that coincides with the Turonian/Coniacian boundary in expanded successions, but probably marks a significant hiatus. South-west of Tours, onlap results in Santonian strata resting disconformably on strata of Turonian age. The basal Craie de Villedieu contains a succession of three Coniacian ammonite faunas characterized by Peroniceras and Forresteria (Harleites) (oldest), Gauthiericeras margae (Schlüter), and Protexanites (youngest). Volviceramus ex gr. involutus (J. de C. Sowerby) occurs with the two uppermost ammonite assemblages. A Santonian ammonite fauna dominated by Placenticeras polyopsis (Dujardin) occurs with Texanites gallicus Collignon and common Cladoceramus in the middle of the formation. Cordiceramus ex gr. cordiformis (J. de C. Sowerby) is recorded with Santonian ammonites in the upper part of the formation. A correlation with the Micraster zones of chalk facies is suggested, based on the inoceramid stratigraphy. The record of T. gallicus in association with Cladoceramus affords the first direct evidence for the position of the base of the Santonian in the Anglo-Paris Basin. 相似文献
8.
9.
L. G. Bragina Yu. V. Agarkov N. Yu. Bragin 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2007,15(3):310-320
Diverse radiolarians (over 70 species) are detected in cherty rocks above the bituminous shale horizon, the marker of anoxic event OAE-2 recorded across the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary in the upper part of the Ananuri Formation of flyschoid deposits, the Lazarevskoe area of the western Caucasus. The radiolarian assemblages studied are comparable in composition with radiolarians from concurrent Cenomanian-Turonian boundary strata in other Mediterranean regions (e.g., in the Crimea and Turkey). The lower radiolarian assemblage includes index species Dactyliosphaera silviae of synonymous Cenomanian zone. Alievium superbum present in the upper assemblage is index species of the relevant Turonian zone. Within the studied flyschoid sequence, sediments indicative of the above event (bituminous shales and cherts) are confined to upper elements of flysch rhythms. 相似文献
10.
THE ANALYSIS METHODOLOGY OF POLLEN FROM THE MESOZOIC—CENOZOIC RED BEDS IN NORTHERN TIBETtheNational (G19980 40 80 0 5 .3)andtheProject (49872 0 0 3)supportedbyNNSFC 相似文献
11.
The Middle Oxfordian to lowermost Upper Kimmeridgian ammonite faunas from northern Central Siberia (Nordvik, Chernokhrebetnaya, and Levaya Boyarka sections) are discussed, giving the basis for distinguishing the ammonite zones based on cardioceratid ammonites of the genus Amoeboceras (Boreal zonation), and, within the Kimmeridgian Stage, faunas–for distinguishing zones based on the aulacostephanid ammonites (Subboreal zonation). The succession of Boreal ammonites is essentially the same as in other areas of the Arctic and NW Europe, but the Subboreal ammonites differ somewhat from those known from NW Europe and Greenland. The Siberian aulacostephanid zones—the Involuta Zone and the Evoluta Zone—are correlated with the Baylei Zone (without its lowermost portion), and the Cymodoce Zone/lowermost part of the Mutabilis Zone (the Askepta Subzone) from NW Europe. The uniform character of the Boreal ammonite faunas in the Arctic makes possible a discussion on their phylogeny during the Late Oxfordian and Kimmeridgian: the succession of particular groups of Amoeboceras species referred to successive subgenera is revealed by the occurrence of well differentiated assemblages of typical normal-sized macro and microconchs, intermittently marked by the occurrence of assemblages of paedomorphic “small-sized microconchs” appearing at some levels preceeding marked evolutionary modifications. Some comments on the paleontology of separate groups of ammonites are also given. These include a discussion on the occurrence of Middle Oxfordian ammonites of the genus Cardioceras in the Nordvik section in relation to the critical review of the paper of Rogov and Wierzbowski (2009) by Nikitenko et al. (2011). The discussion shows that the oldest deposits in the section belong to the Middle Oxfordian, which results in the necessity for some changes in the foraminiferal zonal scheme of Nikitenko et al. (2011). The ammonites of the Pictonia involuta group are distinguished as the new subgenus Mesezhnikovia Wierzbowski and Rogov. 相似文献
12.
Joe S.H. Collins Stephen K. Donovan Claire Mellish 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2014
The Plio-Pleistocene Crag deposits of East Anglia include a wealth of shelly remains, including barnacles, preserved variously as complete shells, their disarticulated plates and trace fossils. Herein, we present a field guide to these distinctive fossils, with diagnoses of all known taxa recorded from the Crags of East Anglia, supported by both line drawings and photographs. The known stratigraphic and geographic distribution within the study area are tabulated. Recognised species include the sessile barnacles Armatobalanus bisulcatus (Darwin), A. dolossus (Darwin), Balanus balanus (Linné), B. crenatus Bruguière, B. inclusus Darwin, Concavus concavus (Bronn), Chirona hameri (Ascanius), Megabalanus tintinnabulum (Linné), Conopea calceola (Ellis), Co. spongicola (Brown), Acasta undulata Darwin, Coronula barbara Darwin, Megatrema anglicum (G.B. Sowerby) and Verruca stroemia (Müller) (=14 species); two pedunculate forms, Scalpellum magnum Darwin and Lepas delicatula Withers; and the boring Rogerella isp. The greatest diversity of species is found in the Coralline Crag and Red Crag formations, both yielding 11 species, although only four are common to both. Barnacles are poorly represented in other Crag deposits. 相似文献
13.
《Gondwana Research》2014,25(3):1186-1201
The modern Koala Phascolarctos cinereus is the last surviving member of a once diverse family Phascolarctidae (Marsupialia, Phascolarctomorphia). Nine genera and at least 16 species of koala are known. Late Oligocene sediments of central Australia record the oldest fossils and highest species diversity. Five species are known from the early to middle Miocene rainforest assemblages of the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, Queensland. With the onset of dryer conditions after the middle Miocene climatic optimum (~ 16 Ma), rainforest habitats contracted resulting in the apparent extinction of three koala lineages (Litokoala, Nimiokoala, Priscakoala). Phascolarctos first appears in the fossil record during the Pliocene and the modern species around 350 ka. Despite a dramatic decline in taxonomic diversity to a single extant species, the fossil record indicates that at most only three koala species coexisted in any given faunal assemblage throughout their 24 million year history. Within these assemblages, the vast majority of extinct koalas are extremely rare (some known from only a single specimen) which may reflect a general rarity within their palaeohabitats compared with the modern species which is represented by an estimated 400,000 individuals spread over most of eastern mainland Australia. Be that as it may, P. cinereus, although once geographically more widespread, occurring for example in Western Australia in the Pleistocene, underwent significant range contractions and localized population extinctions during the stressful climatic conditions of the late Pleistocene and more recently through human-induced habitat destruction. Combined with threats of disease, reduced genetic diversity and climate change, the survival of this iconic Australian marsupial is arguably a cause for concern. 相似文献
14.
V. V. Mitta 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2007,15(2):193-205
Five successive ammonite assemblages are distinguished in the basal part (Riasanites rjasanensis Zone s. l.) of the Ryazanian Stage of the East European platform. These are (from the base upward) (1) Hectoroceras tolijense; (2) Hectoroceras kochi; (3) Riasanites swistowianus; (4) Riasanites rjasanensis; and (5) Transcaspiites transfigurabilis assemblages. Two lower assemblages consist entirely of boreal taxa, which occur in association with diverse ammonites of the Tethyan origin higher in the section. The data obtained show that three upper assemblages are correlative with the Berriasian Dalmasiceras tauricum, Riasanites rjasanensis-Spiticeras cautleyi, and Euthymiceras euthymi subzones of the northern Caucasus. The succession of five–six ammonite assemblages established in the East European platform above the top of the Craspedites nodiger Zone may correspond to the same number of ammonite assemblages characterizing lower subzones of the standard Berriasian. Berriasella rulevae Mitta, sp. nov. from the upper part of the Riasanites rjasanensis Zone (transfigurabilis biohorizon) is described. 相似文献
15.
元谋盆地的新第三纪地层 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
元谋北部芝麻地段新发现的动物化石层位相当于小河组下部的湖相地层,据之将小河组分为上下两部分,并进一步探讨元谋盆地含古猿动物化石层的地质时代。 相似文献
16.
17.
湖南第四纪地层划分及其下限 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
根据第四纪沉积物特征、孢粉组合、古脊椎动物、古地磁等有关资料，将湖南省区内第四系地层自老至新划分为：泪罗组、新开铺组、陈家咀组、白沙井组、马王堆组、白水江组、丁蜀组及水陆洲组等。原划为早更新世湖仙山组或伍家峪组均为上新世乃至中新世地层，并确定其第四纪下限为２５ＭａＢ．Ｐ． 相似文献
18.
Timothy P. Topper Christian B. Skovsted Glenn A. Brock John R. Paterson 《Gondwana Research》2011,19(1):310-326
The oldest bradoriid fauna from Australia, occurring in the lower Cambrian Ajax and Wirrapowie limestones of the Flinders Ranges, South Australia consists of eleven taxa, including one new genus and species, Quadricona madonnae gen. et sp. nov. and two new species, Liangshanella circumbolina sp. nov. and Zepaera jagoi sp. nov. In the Ajax Limestone, Liangshanella circumbolina sp. nov. occurs c. 20 m below the FAD of the zonal trilobite Abadiella huoi. This pre-trilobitic occurrence represents the oldest bivalved arthropod hitherto known from East Gondwana and suggests a lower Cambrian (Series 2, Stage 3) age for the assemblage. The recognition of distinct bradoriid assemblages associated with the Abadiella huoi (Atdabanian), Pararaia tatei, P. bunyerooensis and P. janeae (all Botoman) trilobite biozones in South Australia indicates great potential for future regional biostratigraphic correlation. Quantitative biogeographic analysis including new taxonomic data from the lower Cambrian of South Australia, highlights the strong endemism displayed by early Cambrian bradoriid communities and strengthens the close faunal affinities with South China and Antarctica. 相似文献
19.
Motoyoshi Oda Shun Chiyonobu Masayuki Torii Takashi Otomo Jumpei Morimoto Yuri Satou Hiroshi Ishikawa Matsuaki Ashikawa Osamu Tominaga 《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2011,40(1):84-97
An integrated magnetobiochronology of the Miyazaki Pliocene–Pleistocene succession in the Miyazaki area, southwest Japan, was established using planktic foraminiferal and calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy together with paleomagnetic data. The upper Miyazaki succession in the northern Miyazaki region can be divided into the Takanabe, Hisamine (redefined), and Higoyashiki (new) Formations, in ascending order. A depositional hiatus between the Hisamine Formation and the Takanabe and/or older formations was also identified based on integrated magnetobiostratigraphy from five sections including the Nagatani River (NGT) section through the uppermost Miyazaki succession. The hiatus, herein called the Hisamine unconformity, is equivalent to the Kurotaki unconformity between the Miura and Kazusa groups of the Boso Peninsula in central Japan. The depositional hiatus recognised in the lower Pleistocene of Pacific coastal areas in southwestern and central Japan may have resulted from tectonic activity associated with a change in the subduction direction of the Philippine Sea plate, which commenced prior to ca. 2.2 Ma. The youngest unit just below the hiatus is the upper part of the Takanabe Formation in the NGT section. The NGT section represents the continuous Late Pliocene to earliest Pleistocene sequence including the Gauss/Matuyama boundary and is here proposed as the type section for the Pliocene/Pleistocene boundary in Japan, which the IUGS ratified as the base of the Gelasian in 2009. 相似文献
