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地下水有机污染控制及就地恢复技术研究进展（二） 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
钟佐燊 《水文地质工程地质》2001,28(4):26-31
本文是关于地下水有机污染控制及其就地恢复技术研究进展概况的第二篇文章，文中介绍石油烃污染地下水的天然生物恢复技术及应用可替代电子受体的石油烃污染地下水就地生物恢复技术的新进展。 相似文献
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针对地下水污染对环境尤其是对人类自身的严重危害。以往常见的治理方法主要是隔离法、泵提法、吸附法、化学栅栏法、电化学法等,采用生物修复技术与上述方法相比,具有独特的优势。由于地下水深埋于地下,生物修复技术的实施一般应结合污染的具体情况,采取不同的方法。 相似文献
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土壤石油污染的生物修复技术 总被引：8，自引：3，他引：8
采用生物修复技术对土壤石油有机污染进行治理以效率高、安全性好、无二次污染、易于管理而受重视。文章结合国内外的最新研究成果。对生物修复的处理过程、技术工艺等方面进行了论述。 相似文献
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治理地下水有机污染抽出处理技术影响因素分析 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
吴玉成 《水文地质工程地质》1998,25(1):27-29,42
抽出处理技术是治理地下水有机污染简便易行的方法,文中的简要介绍抽出处理方法去除污染机制之后,着重分析了讨论了导致该方法去除地下水有机污染耗时及运行费用高昂的原因,在此基础上,对地下水有机污染抽出处理技术作出全面详尽的评述。 相似文献
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地下水有机污染控制及就地恢复技术研究进展（一） 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
钟佐燊 《水文地质工程地质》2001,28(3):1-3
本文是关于地下水有机污染控制及其就地恢复技术研究进展的第一篇文章，文中介绍抽出－处理系统、水力隔离系统、生物通风及曝气技术的研究进展。 相似文献
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真菌在自然界中作为有机体的分解者、动植物的病原菌和共生菌,广泛分布于地表和土壤环境,并通过一系列生长 及代谢活动,与周围环境中的岩石或矿物基质发生作用,进而影响地球化学过程。真菌的生物地质作用主要包括：真菌促 进下岩石或矿物的风化,真菌诱导下次生矿物的形成,以及与上述过程相对应的营养元素和金属离子的迁移与固定。近年 来,由生物风化发展而来的生物浸取技术,已经在生物采矿、选矿以及受污染土壤和工业垃圾的生物治理等多个方面得以 应用。而将真菌用作吸附剂的生物吸附研究,则显示其能有效祛除工业废水及受污染地下水中所含的金属和有机污染物。 因此,无论是从地球化学循环的角度出发,还是考虑资源与环境效应,研究真菌的生物地质作用都具有十分重要的意义。 文中从真菌生物风化、生物矿化和环境修复等方面综述了真菌生物地质作用研究的最新进展,并对今后的研究工作进行了 展望,旨在加深真菌在地质微生物学作用过程中的认识,促进相关领域的进一步发展。 相似文献
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地浸采铀技术已成为世界采铀的主流工艺,采区退役后地下水环境修复亦为人们所关注的热点。文章简要介绍了碱法、中性和酸法三种典型地浸采铀技术的特点,系统分析了地浸采铀对地下水环境的影响,并以酸法地浸铀矿山地下水环境修复技术为例,重点介绍了物理化学修复技术和生物修复技术及其原理与应用,归纳总结了其优缺点,并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。指出下一步应加强在酸性与氧化环境中能使铀固定并长期稳定的新技术,高活性、强适应性修复菌群的选育、驯化技术,地下水异位-原位协同生物修复技术,以及放射性核素及重金属在铀矿地浸地下水环境中的吸附-解吸、氧化-还原、溶解-沉淀等行为与机理及其主控因素等方面的研究。 相似文献
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J. Srivastava R. Naraian S. J. S. Kalra H. Chandra 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2014,11(6):1787-1800
Irrational and rapid global human societal development has culminated to a condition of environmental deterioration. Accidental leakage and deliberate use of organic and inorganic chemicals have contaminated the environment up to the level of ecosystem. Advancements have been made in the field of research on bioremediation of the hazardous contaminants especially in last three decades. Microbial bioremediation has been the most understood biotechnological process of environmental restoration. Bacteria and fungi because of their inherent ability to adapt and grow in extreme environments have been employed for either removal or degradation of the chemical contaminants. Researchers all over the world are getting breakthroughs in finding new bacterial strains having plasmid linked degradation/reduction ability. Molecular biology and genetic engineering helped in crafting the microbes for the desired results on environment. Despite having favorable conditions, microbial remediation largely depends on environmental factors and on the basic biological characters of microbes, especially bacteria being Gram-positive or Gram-negative. Metagenomic studies revealed the importance of microbial ecology as microbes work well in community, i.e., consortia. This review along with several other studies suggests the need of precision during microbial community identification, substrate specificity and the designing of microbes. 相似文献
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有机物污染的土壤治理方法及研究进展 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
污染土壤的修复已成为环境保护研究的一个重点。本基干有机物污染土壤治理的最新进展,介绍有机物污染土壤的物理、化学、生物、植物治理方法。并讨论了各种治理方法的最新动态与存在问题。 相似文献
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In situ air sparging involves injecting atmospheric air, under pressure, into the saturated zone to remove those volatile and semi-volatile organic groundwater contaminants and to promote their biodegradation by increasing subsurface oxygen concentrations. Due to the advantages of low cost, high efficiency and in situ constructability, groundwater Air Sparging (AS) technology has been quickly developed in the world recently. Based on the explanation of its remediation principle, literature review is done on the research advancement of air sparging technology mainly from three aspects. First, various methods for determination of the zone of influence and visualization techniques of air flow forms during air sparging are summarized. Then the influence of environmental geological conditions and construction technology parameters on the remediation effect of air sparging is systematically analyzed. Thereafter, two main types of air sparging theoretical models including lumped-parameter model and multiphase fluid flow model are discussed respectively in detail. Finally, based on the problems and difficulties existing in present research and engineering practice, several future tasks such as the enhancement remediation techniques in complex geological sites, microscopic intrinsic mechanisms, and establishment of related design and construction standards which require to be done are briefly analyzed. 相似文献
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环境介质中高氯酸盐污染及微生物修复技术研究进展 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
高氯酸盐(ClO4-)是一种有毒的无机阴离子,其环境污染问题引起了广泛关注,控制与修复高氯酸盐污染环境成为新的研究热点,其中微生物修复技术最具应用前景。国外已开展环境中高氯酸盐污染现状的调查工作,利用微生物修复技术去除高氯酸盐取得了一定的成果,但我国的相关研究较少。文章综述了近年来国内外高氯酸盐的污染现状及微生物修复高氯酸盐的最新研究进展。由于高氯酸盐的高水溶性和低吸附性,当前研究最多的是高氯酸盐水体污染,这些水体通过饮用水(源水)或食物链直接或间接地对人类健康造成影响。在微生物修复方面,从有机电子供体,无机电子供体(H2、Fe0等),电子受体(O2、NO3-、SO24-)及微生物的生长环境因素(pH值、温度、氧化还原电位、盐度)等方面总结了各因素对微生物修复技术去除高氯酸盐效果的影响,以期为我国开展微生物处理技术在高氯酸盐污染修复领域的实践应用提供参考。 相似文献
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Influence of dissimilatory metal reduction on fate of organic and metal contaminants in the subsurface 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Geobacter become dominant members of the microbial community when Fe(III)-reducing conditions develop as the result of organic contamination,
or when Fe(III) reduction is artificially stimulated. These results suggest that further understanding of the ecophysiology
of Geobacter species would aid in better prediction of the natural attenuation of organic contaminants under anaerobic conditions and in
the design of strategies for the bioremediation of subsurface metal contamination.
Received, May 1999/Revised, October 1999/Accepted, October 1999 相似文献
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Krishna R. Reddy 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2010,28(3):211-221
Throughout the world, subsurface contamination has become a widespread and pervasive problem. Toxic chemicals such as heavy
metals and organic compounds are commonly used in a myriad of industries. However, largely through inadvertent or accidental
release, these chemicals are presently polluting sites across the United States. In order to protect public health and the
environment, further pollution must be prevented and sites with existing contamination urgently need remediation. Unfortunately,
remediating subsurface contamination has proved to be a daunting task. Heavy metals and organic compounds often coexist and
their distribution within the subsurface is highly dependent on particle and macro-scale heterogeneities. Vast resources have
been invested to develop efficient remediation technologies, yet very few of these technologies have been successful. In-situ
remediation is often preferred due to minimal site disturbance, safety, simplicity, and cost-effectiveness. The effectiveness
of in-situ remediation technologies depends largely on the contaminant chemistry and subsurface heterogeneities (including
particle-scale heterogeneities such as fine-grained soils, soils with reactive minerals, and/or soils rich in organic matter
as well as macro-scale heterogeneities such as irregular soil layers and/or lenses). Under such heterogeneous conditions,
integrated electrokinetic remediation technology has great potential. As a safe and economical remedial option for so many
contaminated sites, the application of integrated electrokinetic remediation offers enormous public health, environmental,
and financial benefits. 相似文献
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地下水有机污染控制及就地恢复技术研究进展（三） 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
本文是关于地下水有机污染控制及其就地恢复技术进展概况的第3篇文章，文中主要介绍渗以应格栅中的氧化－还原反应格栅和生物降解反应格栅。 相似文献
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Methanotrophs: promising bacteria for environmental remediation 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
V. C. Pandey J. S. Singh D. P. Singh R. P. Singh 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2014,11(1):241-250
Methanotrophs are unique and ubiquitous bacteria that utilize methane as a sole source of carbon and energy from the atmosphere. Besides, methanotrophs may also be targeted for bioremediation of diverse type of heavy metals and organic pollutants owing to the presence of broad-spectrum methane monooxygenases enzyme. They are highly specialized group of aerobic bacteria and have a unique capacity for oxidation of certain types of organic pollutants like alkanes, aromatics, halogenated alkenes, etc. Oxidation reactions are initiated by methane monooxygenases enzyme, which can be expressed by methanotrophs in the absence of copper. The present article describes briefly the concerns regarding the unusual reactivity and broad substrate profiles of methane monooxygenases, which indicate many potential applications in bioremediation of heavy metals and toxic organic compounds. Research is needed to develop understanding in plant–methanotrophs interactions that optimize methanotrophs utilization in the field of environmental remediation, while supporting other ecosystem services. 相似文献
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地表稠油污染物地球化学研究现状 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
关于石油轻组分对环境的污染问题相对研究较多，而针对稠油污染物的研究则较薄弱。本文着重介绍了目前地表稠油污染物的研究进展，涉及稠油污染的潜在严重性和危害性，其赋存形态、迁移方式和演化机制，以及目前常用的修复方法。进一步开展稠油污染物在地表土壤以及水体中的地球化学特征及演化机制方面的研究工作，将有助于为稠油开采和炼制地区的环境保护和修复治理提供更多的科学依据。 相似文献