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1.
利用残存的地貌标志恢复原始地貌形态是地貌研究的难点之一。青藏高原东北缘循化－贵德地区晚新生代构造活动强烈,晚新生代黄河在本区发育,其后期演化记录了青藏高原隆升扩展的详细信息,同时黄河侵蚀下切过程本身也是值得深入研究的重要科学问题。由于黄河水系的发育,晚更新世以后循化－贵德盆地地区实现由盆地加积向退积的调整,盆地地区逐渐开始遭受黄河水系的侵蚀下切,并逐渐形成现今青藏高原东北缘的地貌形态。野外地质调查发现更新统的变形程度较弱,由于区域构造隆升与河流强烈下切的共同作用,现今保存的更新统已经成为盆地内部的分水岭,如龙羊峡地区。本研究正是选取循化－贵德盆地及其邻区更新统地层为古地貌重建的标志,基于数字高程模型(DEM)空间分析技术,构建了青藏高原东北缘循化－贵德盆地地区更新世古地貌形态,并进行了初步分析,主要认识有： 1)秦岭北缘断裂带构成其南西向北东方向地形快速降低的边界带; 2)在北西南东方向上,西秦岭、黄河、拉脊山、湟水河以及祁连山等总体上构成了向形－背形相间的地貌格局。同时以古地形为基础,定量计算了盆地区更新世以来的侵蚀分布图像,定量结果表明： 1)剥蚀量的分布形态与高原东北缘盆山地貌系统之间有一定相关耦合性,盆地地区的剥蚀量比较大,而相邻山脉地区的剥蚀量都比较小; 2)剥蚀量比较大的盆地地区剥蚀量与盆地内部河流形态之间也具有明显的关联特征,盆地内部剥蚀量最大的区域往往是盆地内部独立河流的中游地区。 相似文献
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龙门山地区水系发育特征及其对青藏高原东缘隆升的指示 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
龙门山位于青藏高原东缘,既是青藏高原周缘山脉中陡度最大的山脉,也是构造活动和地貌景观塑造最为强烈的地区之一。因此,该区域成为研究构造-地貌-水系之间相互关系的实验场。本文基于ASTER GDEM数据,提取了青藏高原东缘地区15条基岩河道的纵剖面,采用简单数学函数拟合河流纵剖面形态,并结合基岩水力侵蚀模型,分析龙门山不同位置的地形特征。本次研究获得以下几点认识:①通过对龙门山地区河流纵剖面的分析,龙门山整体上具有较高的隆升速率,导致这一地区强烈的河流侵蚀作用;②龙门山中段和南段的河流双对数图以上凸型为主,说明该区域尚未达到均衡状态,处于前均衡期;③龙门山北段的河流双对数图呈直线形态,说明该区域达到均衡状态,处于均衡期;④龙门山不同地区的水系发育特征,表明龙门山中段和南段具有更强的构造活动性、更高的隆升速率,龙门山北段则具有较弱的构造活动性、较低的隆升速率,并反映了青藏高原东缘的隆升作用具有明显的空间差异性。 相似文献
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青藏高原周边地区河流分形特征与地貌、构造活动耦合关系 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
青藏高原周边地区的地貌特征与形成演化机制一直是科学界研究的热点。选择青藏高原周边典型地区河流分形特征、地貌特征及构造活动性进行研究,发现喜马拉雅断裂带、龙门山断裂带和阿尔金断裂带控制的区域构造活动性强烈,历史地震记录频繁,大震较多,河流形态与地貌演化特征也非常相似,河流纵剖面变化很快,长波长下凹型,河流坡降比大,地形起伏度大,河流形态变化简单,河流分维值低;青藏高原东北缘构造活动性不强烈,历史地震记录偏低,大震极少,河流纵剖面变化缓慢,近似长波长微振幅上凸型,河流坡降比小,地形起伏度较小,河流形态错综复杂、分维值高;青藏高原东南缘,构造活动性较强烈,历史地震记录频繁,大震较多,但由于该区域平均多年侵蚀速率比较低,同时河流下切深度大,河流纵剖面变化缓慢,也是近似长波长微振幅上凸型,河流坡降比小,河网发育较成熟,河网分维值较高。通过对比发现,降水量的变化对该区域侵蚀速率的影响远小于构造活动性的作用,在分析河网形态特征时可以不考虑降水量空间变化的影响。 相似文献
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西秦岭位于青藏高原东北缘,是青藏高原晚新生代构造扩展的前缘部位。西秦岭地区发育的一系列河流水系作为高原物质向外扩展的载体,记录了高原扩展过程中的地貌演化信息。本文选取西秦岭嘉陵江上游的支流作为研究对象,以河流纵剖面的形态和陡峭指数的空间分布为基础数据,初步分析了嘉陵江上游的地貌特征及其影响因素。结果表明,嘉陵江上游地貌演化处于瞬时状态,裂点以上的低陡峭指数区域代表了残余地貌,裂点以下高陡峭指数区域是裂点响应基准面下降后形成的新地貌。通过对比区域岩性和降水条件发现,岩性和降水对河流裂点发育以及陡峭指数的影响是有限的,河流裂点的发育和陡峭指数的变化主要受控于区域构造抬升引起的基准面下降。陡峭指数的空间分布特征表明构造作用对地貌发育起了重要的塑造作用。西秦岭瞬时地貌的发育是对印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞汇聚以来的远程效应的响应。 相似文献
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柴达木盆地为青藏高原东北缘的一个内陆沉积盆地,发育了巨厚的中-新生代沉积地层,这些地层记录了盆地及周缘山地的构造、环境演变历史。本文通过对柴达木盆地西北部红沟子地区晚新生代天然剖面沉积物岩石磁学的研究,表明在约9.8 Ma磁化率值突然增大,同时沉积物中磁铁矿的含量也明显增加。结合剖面沉积物岩相、岩性及沉积速率等分析,依据沉积物磁学性质与环境变化和构造运动之间的关系,我们认为该地区晚新生代物源变化,可能是造成岩石磁学特征在大约9.8 Ma变化的主要原因,同时可能还暗示了青藏高原东北缘一次强烈的构造隆升事件,阿尔金山作为柴达木盆地的物源之一,也响应了此次构造运动,隆升到了一定高度使剥蚀速度增加,这一过程被柴西地区的红沟子构造所记录。 相似文献
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山西霍山山脉河流地貌定量参数及其构造意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
河流地貌形态定量研究是了解构造活动与地表过程耦合作用的重要途径之一.霍山山脉位于山西地堑系中部,介于临汾盆地和太原盆地之间,以发育霍山山前断裂带和1303年洪洞Ms8级地震而著名,通过分析跨断裂带及周边的48条河流的纵剖面形态、SL参数、Hack剖面、面积高程积分曲线以及HI值等,得到以下认识:1)跨断裂带的河流,其纵剖面在断层两侧的形态具明显差异,反映其受断层活动控制,而其他河流,除极少部分在上游存在局部陡变外,纵剖面为近似下凹的指数曲线形态显示近均衡状态;2)河流的HI值及积分曲线显示了霍山地区新生代以来整体处于强抬升弱侵蚀状态,即所有河流均处于壮年或幼年期;3)48条河流一致上凸的Hack剖面也表明霍山地区新生代以来处于强烈的构造抬升阶段,跨断裂带的Hack剖面形态以陡变下降而区别与其他河流的近似圆弧形;4)跨断裂带河流的SL/K参数在断层附近出现异常高值,反映了SL/K参数与断层垂直差异运动的相关性,周边其他河流的SL/K参数反映了没有差异运动的准均衡状态,局部的异常高值可能对应不同基岩的抗风化能力差异.河流地貌定量参数与构造环境存在显著的相关性,河流地貌定量参数特征揭示霍山山前断裂带在新生代以来的强烈垂向运动特征. 相似文献
8.
西宁和贵德盆地新生代沉积物重矿物变化对构造活动的响应 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
位于青藏高原东北缘的西宁、贵德盆地的新生代沉积序列较完整的记录了盆地周围物源区构造变形过程。重矿物是碎屑物质的重要组成部分,是最直观、有效揭示源区母岩、构造-沉积过程的重要手段。通过重矿物的系统分析,结合沉积-构造变形,揭示出始新世-上新世末西宁-贵得盆地及其源区经历了几个构造活动阶段:古新世-始新世早期的隆升阶段、始新世中期-渐新世晚期的构造稳定阶段、渐新世末-中新世初的构造隆升阶段、中中新世构造稳定阶段和晚中新世以来的强烈隆升阶段。并结合特征矿物（绿泥石）及古水流分析,推断古近纪西宁-贵德盆地是东昆仑山前一个统一盆地。中新世早期青藏高原的扩张导致了拉脊山开始隆起,使原型盆地解体;约8.5 Ma以来拉脊山强烈隆升,两侧盆地逐渐转变为山间盆地。这为正确理解青藏高原东北缘盆山格局的形成和演化提供了重要依据。 相似文献
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通过数字高程模型(DEM)的空间分析技术,系统提取研究区洮河水系流域盆地典型的河流地貌参数,并利用活动造山带地区发育的基岩河道纵向剖面形态等典型参数,分析洮河水系流域盆地地貌发育不对称性特征及洮河在岷县流向的急剧转变成因。研究表明洮河上游南岸水系较北岸水系形状指数高、流域面积大、水系发育更成熟,下游东岸河流河长较短、流域面积小、形状指数低于西岸,西岸水系更发育,且上游流域要比下游河道平缓,水系的相对落差更低,发育更成熟,表明上游河道形成时间早于下游河道。临潭—宕昌断裂带的逆冲隆升作用是造成洮河上、下游水系形态差异的主要原因。岷县东侧山脉的快速隆起致使古洮河被截断,之后被东北侧河流溯源侵蚀,切穿西秦岭北缘构造带,进行河流袭夺,从而形成了现今的洮河。最后探讨了对青藏高原东北端晚新生代以来的构造响应。 相似文献
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东昆仑山和北祁连山是青藏高原东北部的两条重要边界山脉,其构造活动特征是理解高原形成与扩展的关键基础。目前研究认为,北祁连山第四纪以来构造抬升活跃,而东昆仑山北坡第四纪以来构造抬升是否活跃还存在争议。针对这一问题,我们从地貌指标的角度出发,以两地地貌形态特征为主要研究对象,通过提取形态特征指标：面积-高程积分、山前弯曲度、河流陡峭指数、裂点以及河流纵剖面形态,对东昆仑山北坡和北祁连山北坡进行对比分析。结果显示,东昆仑山北坡的面积-高程积分以及河流陡峭指数均小于祁连山北坡,山前弯曲度大于祁连山北坡。两地河流纵剖面形态也有较大差别,具体表现为东昆仑山北坡流域的河流纵剖面形态多为平滑下凹形态且鲜有裂点,而祁连山北坡流域的河流纵剖面形态较平直且裂点较多。且通过对裂点成因的讨论,东昆仑山北坡河流的裂点是由岩石抗侵蚀能力差异导致的,而非构造成因的裂点。所有证据都表明构造活动可能是导致两山脉之间地貌指数差异的主要因素。此外,两个区域的河流阶地特征和流域侵蚀速率特征也表明,东昆仑山北坡的逆冲断裂现已处于不活跃状态,指示北祁连山是高原东北部正在活动的主要边界。 相似文献
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S. Bs de Berc J.C. Soula P. Baby M. Souris F. Christophoul J. Rosero 《Tectonophysics》2005,399(1-4):351
The eastern Ecuadorian Andes appear as a fold-and-thrust belt adjacent to a continental foredeep represented by one of the world's largest tropical alluvial megafans, the Pastaza megafan, debouching into the Amazonian lowland. The apex of the Pliocene–Pleistocene megafan situated in the present-day wedge top (Subandean Zone) has been cut by an erosion surface, the western part of which has been uplifted of 500 m along the frontal thrust, forming a poorly dissected plateau, the Mera plateau. This erosion surface erased most of the previous fluvial landscape but preserved a large thrust-related anticlinal hinge deforming less erodible underlying strata, the Mirador fold and smaller-sized anticlines. This surface has been then incised by two antecedent major rivers, the Pastaza and the Napo, and few tributaries. The plateau edge is marked by a series of large scale gently sloping landslides clustered along a 70 km long concave eastward line associated with the frontal thrust fault. The newly formed immature rivers issued from the landslides or sourced within east-dipping remnants of the erosion surface downstream of the landslide line constitute the greatest part of the streams feeding the Ecuadorian Amazonian basin. At 70 to 100 km from the landslide line, the drainage abruptly changes from highly immature to mature with a well-defined hinge line representing the outer limit of landslide and tectonic control. The diversions of the Pastaza River indicate ongoing fold growth since at least the late Pleistocene in the Eastern Cordillera, and the early Holocene in the Mera plateau. The preserved terraces of the Pastaza valley are all degradational and are ascribed to periods of tectonic (seismic) activity alternating with periods of tectonic quiescence or decreased seismic activity rather than to climatic events. 14C dating of the plateau erosion surface and of the upper Pastaza terraces indicates that the minimum average incision rate since 18,000 years BP varies locally in the upper Pastaza valley from 0.5 to 0.67 cm year−1 , increasing from 18,000 years BP to now. A comparison of these incision rates with fold-and-thrust fault uplift rates indicates that incision in the upper Pastaza valley was a result of rapid uplift (up to 1 cm year−1) along the Mirador fold-and-thrust which caused a restoration of the local equilibrium profile of the upper reach, combined with smaller local fault uplift along the westernmost thrust faults. The uplift of the whole Mera plateau with respect to the upper Amazonian basin gives a minimum average uplift rate of 2.8 cm year−1 since 18,000 years BP. The overall uplift of the Mera plateau and the Eastern Cordillera is likely to have been caused by a regional-scale low angle thrust ramp emerging as the frontal thrust fault. 相似文献
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Sumit Das 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(21):680
An examination of river channels has ability to provide substantial information regarding the geomorphic characteristics, control of lithology, tectonic uplift and geomorphic evolution during the geological past of an area. In this paper, a detailed study of geomorphic and structural investigation has been carried out for Pravara basin, Maharashtra, with the help of 90-m resolution SRTM DEM and geospatial techniques. Drainage network analysis performed in this paper demonstrates the general geomorphic characteristics, while the analysis of longitudinal profile synthesises lithological control over Pravara basin. Pravara is a 6th order drainage basin, encompassing an area of 2637 km2. Bifurcation ratio reveals low to moderate structural control. Due to the hard rock lithology, the drainage density and stream frequency are low, and it indicates higher permeability in the sub-surface layers. The shape parameters denote that Pravara is highly elongated and it is easier to control floods in this basin. Relief parameters show very steep slope and higher vulnerability to the slope failure in some areas. Upstream of Pravara river has shown that series of breaks and knickzones indicate active erosion and acute lithological control on the channel. Major breaks are observed only in the main channel whereas in two major tributaries, no such breaks found, instead these tributaries are characterised by several knickzones which indicate regional variation in the lithological physiognomies. Different lithological stages on knickpoint and channel incision substantiate rejuvenation of Pravara river in several phases during geological past. The geospatial methodology carried out in this study can be pragmatic elsewhere around this world to recognise the geomorphic appearances and lithological control of a drainage basin. 相似文献
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Paleocurrent indicator data collected in field work were used to study the early Cenozoic regional paleodrainage patterns in the Hob Xil basin in northern Tibetan plateau. The paleocurrent directions of the Eocene Fenghuoshan Group obviously show that the flows were northward with a unidirectional dispersal pattern. This probably reflects the uplift of the Qiangtang terrain during the initial basin deposition period and indicates that the Tanggula Moutains occurred as topographic highlands at least in the Eocene. Paleoflows of the Oligocene Yaxicuo Group were dominantly oriented to the north and then flowed eastwards during its late deposition. This regional variability of paleodrainage patterns of the Yaxicuo Group is interpreted to record the dispersal style of sediments from transverse rivers to longitudinal river systems. It is inferred that the Oligocene uplift of the Kunlun Mountains obstructed by northward paleoflows and created longitudinal river systems parallel to the orogenic belts. The temporal and spatial changes of the paleodrainage patterns suggest that the northern boundary of the Tibetan plateau during the early Cenozoic was situated in the Hoh Xil area and its uplift has progressed northwards through time. 相似文献
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青藏高原东缘具有青藏高原地貌、龙门山高山地貌和山前冲积平原三个一级地貌单元 ,本文以岷江作为切入点 ,研究了该地区河流下蚀速率与山脉的隆升作用之间的相互关系。在建立岷江阶地序列的基础上 ,利用阶地高程和热释光年代学测年资料分别定量计算了岷江在川西高原、龙门山和成都盆地的下蚀速率 ,结果表明岷江各河段的下蚀速率明显不同 ,分别为 1.0 7～ 1.6 1mm / a、1.81m m/ a和 0 .5 9mm / a;在龙门山地区岷江的下蚀速率最高 ,约为川西高原地区的 1.5倍 ,约为成都平原地区的 3倍 ;而同一河段不同时期岷江的下蚀速率基本是连续的 ,具有很好的线性关系 ,可作为该河段整个河谷的下蚀速率。基于龙门山的表面隆升速率 (0 .3～ 0 .4 mm / a) ,在约束局部侵蚀基准面和气候变化对阶地形成的控制作用的基础上 ,本文建立了青藏高原东缘岷江下蚀速率与龙门山表面隆升速率之间的线性关系 ,结果表明河流下蚀速率约为山脉表面隆升速率的 5倍。根据龙门山表面在隆升速率和下切速率等方面均大于川西高原 ,并结合龙门山活动构造以走滑作用为主 ,笔者认为青藏高原东缘的边缘山脉以剥蚀隆升为主 ,兼有构造隆升作用。最后 ,根据岷江最大切割深度所需的时间 (3.4 8Ma)和成都盆地最古老的岷江冲积扇大邑砾岩的时间 (3.6 Ma 相似文献
15.
Topography of the terraced Danube Bend area indicates fast incision of the Danube River, which was followed by its tributaries dissecting deeply the former terrace levels. These surfaces are vertically bended along the river course, indicating antecedent incision of the Danube into the SW–NE trending Hungarian Mountain Range (HMR). Timing and rate of the incision of the Danube into the HMR and consequently, the rate of vertical motions have remained unresolved so far. This study aims at quantifying the landscape evolution and neotectonic deformation of the central part of the HMR. We used terrace levels along the antecedent section of the Danube River to constrain its incision rate, which is a measure for the uplift rate of the HMR.
Here we use 3He, a terrestrial in situ produced cosmogenic nuclide (TCN), to date uplifted geomorphologic levels along in the Danube Bend gorge. This method, first applied in the Carpathian–Pannonian system in the framework of present study, proved to be suitable for the quantification of landscape evolution in this area. Our 3He exposure age data suggest a maximum incision rate of 2.7 ± 0.1 mm/y for the last 170 ky. Considering likely effect of erosion a more conservative value of 1.6 mm/y for the last 270 ky, was obtained. Both rates are significantly higher than the incision rate of 0.41 mm/y of the Danube derived from previous geologic and geomorphic data for the last 360 ky. The formation of the terrace levels in the Danube Bend probably occurred during the last two glacial cycles (OIS 1–8). According to the exposure age data, there is no direct relationship between the terrace formation and climate in the Danube Bend. Incision of the Danube appears to be connected to the uplift of the HMR, obtained incision rate values can be taken as valid approximations of the uplift rate in the Danube Bend area. 相似文献
16.
The Yellow River system, the largest river system in northern China, generally flows northeasterly through a series of linear mountain belts in the northeastern margin of the Tibetan plateau, the youngest of which are the Laji–Jishi Shan and Riyue Shan ranges, formed during late Cenozoic time due to NE–SW oblique shortening. As the product of the interaction between the tectonic process and the climate, the incision of the Yellow River system is a crucial parameter in models of the scale and timing of the crustal uplift and erosion in northeastern Tibetan plateau. Thus, whether the along-strike topographic feature of the Laji-Jishi Shan that is cut through by the Yellow River system and related streams is controlled by structural deformation or by erosion needs to be constrained. Our mapping shows that the variation in deformation along this mountain belt formed two structural saddles with relative low elevation in late Cenozoic time, through which the Yellow and Yaoshui Rivers cut into the plateau and drained a series of the Tertiary basins. The Yaoshui River is the tributary of the Huangshui River which itself flows into the Yellow River in the Lanzhou area. One saddle is present along the Yaoshui River valley, formed by NW–SE extension along the Riyue Shan Pass (RSP) normal fault, along which the Miocene and Mesozoic rocks were subsided against Proterozoic metamorphic rocks. These deformed rocks in the hanging wall are truncated by a sub-horizontal erosion surface at an elevation of 3200 m, on which terrace deposits are locally present, presumably middle Pleistocene in age. This terrace is incised by the Yaoshui River to an elevation of 3000 m, which yields 300 m of incision. Another saddle is along the Yellow River valley (the Xunhua-Linxia gouge) between the southern tip of the Laji Shan and the northern tip of the Jishi Shan, generated by en echelon folding. This structural saddle is underlain by the lower Cretaceous and Pliocene clastic rocks, which are truncated on the top by a rugged erosion surface at an average elevation of 3000 m. The Yellow River incised into this surface to an elevation of 1900 m, which yields 1100 m of incision. These two saddles, featured by topographic and structural low, were formed in the middle or late Miocene, and facilitated the headward propagation of the Yellow and Yaoshui Rivers, which initiated in early and middle Pleistocene time, respectively. 相似文献
17.
基于TM遥感图像解译和野外调研，分析了攀西地区大渡河、安宁河深切河谷地貌特征和断裂带构造变形特征，建立了安宁河断裂带晚新生代5阶段变形历史。研究表明，中新世晚期—上新世早期，安宁河断裂以挤压走滑活动为主；上新世晚期至早更新世时期，断裂以斜张走滑活动为主，活动强度较弱；早中更新世之间发生的元谋运动使昔格达组湖相地层褶皱变形；中晚更新世时期发生断陷作用，形成安宁河两堑夹—垒的构造格局；晚更新世—全新世时期又以左旋走滑活动为主。综合安宁河、大渡河河谷地貌和晚新生代地层记录和变形特征，提出了攀西高原晚新生代4阶段隆升模式：中新世早中期(12Ma之前)以缓慢隆升与区域夷平化作用为主，中新世晚期—上新世早期(12～3．4Ma)是高原快速隆升与河流强烈下切的时期，上新世晚期—早更新世(3．4～1.1Ma)为昔格达湖盆发育时期，中晚更新世—全新世(1．1Ma以来)是高原快速隆升与河谷阶地发育时期。最后指出，至上新世晚期(3．4Ma以前)，攀西高原海拔高度可能超过了3000m。 相似文献
18.
A good evaluation of the Quaternary uplift of the Rhenish shield is a key element for the understanding of the Cenozoic geodynamics of the western European platform in front of the alpine arc. Previous maps of the massif uplift relied on fluvial incision data since the time of the rivers' Younger Main Terrace to infer a maximum post-0.73 Ma uplift of ~ 290 m in the SE Eifel. Here, we propose a new interpretation of the incision data of the intra-massif streams, where anomalies in the terrace profiles would result from knickpoint retreat in the tributaries of the main rivers rather than from tectonic deformation. We also use additional geomorphological data referring to (1) deformed Tertiary planation surfaces, (2) the history of stream piracy that severely affected the Meuse basin in the last 1 Ma, and (3) incision data outside the Rhenish shield. A new map of the post-0.73 Ma uplift of the Rhenish shield is drawn on the basis of this enlarged dataset. It reduces the maximum amount of tectonic uplift in the SE Eifel to ~ 140 m and modifies the general shape of the uplift, namely straightening its E–W profile. It is also suggested that an uplift wave migrated across the massif, starting from its southern margin in the early Pleistocene and currently showing the highest intensity of uplift in the northern Ardennes and Eifel. These features seem to favour an uplift mechanism chiefly related to lithospheric folding and minimize the impact on the topography of a more local Eifel plume. 相似文献
19.
长江沉积物源示踪研究进展 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
近期物源分析方法发展较快,包括稀土元素、同位素地球化学与单颗粒碎屑矿物微区分析方法的广泛运用,以及分不同粒级组分或根据需要选择特定粒级组分进行物源分析逐渐代替了全样分析法,物源示踪效果得到明显的提高。长江作为连接青藏高原与西太平洋边缘海的最重要水系,河流沉积物从源到汇的现代与历史过程备受关注。长江沉积物源示踪研究进展包括:①建立和运用河流入海沉积物示踪端元模型,定性或定量地分析长江沉积物在海域的扩散与沉积分布规律,倾向于运用细颗粒组分矿物学、元素与同位素地球化学等方法,研究程度较高,今后需注意各端元值的时空变化,及受沉积过程的分异作用与早期成岩作用的影响;②建立和运用不同支流的物源示踪模型,研究晚新生代以来长江水系的演化历史,倾向于运用粗颗粒组分的物源分析方法,尤其是单颗粒碎屑矿物微区分析。由于长江流域面积巨大、区域地质复杂,建立支流域的精细物源分析指纹特征尚处在探索阶段,需注意运用碎屑锆石U-Pb定年与稀土元素、Hf同位素组成的综合物源分析法。综合运用多种物源分析法于长江中下游和三角洲盆地若干钻孔地层的研究,已较好地限定长江贯通的时间约在上新世晚期—早更新世之间,但仍存在较大争议,今后需在一些关键区域开展更多的深钻研究,提高物源精细示踪的效果、晚新生代地层测年的精度,并加强钻孔间的的对比研究。 相似文献