共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
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地聚物胶凝材料能够替代水泥基胶凝材料作为固化剂应用于狭窄肥槽回填等工程问题中,有效降低水泥生产过程中的污染及能耗,但目前对于流态地聚物固化土胶凝材料的研究较少。采用3种新型绿色胶凝材料联合碱激发剂固化工程渣土形成流态地聚物固化土,通过对比其无侧限抗压强度,探究每种胶凝材料对于固化土强度特性的影响,同时建立强度预测模型,分析不同因素对于强度的影响程度。研究结果表明：固化土的强度随着碱激发剂模数的增加先提高后降低;固化土强度随着高炉矿渣（GGBS）、粉煤灰、稻壳灰掺量的增加均呈上升趋势,随着稻壳灰粒径的增长呈下降趋势;碱激发剂模数增至1.2、GGBS掺量增至10%、粉煤灰掺量增至8%和稻壳灰掺量增至11%时,固化土强度提升最为显著;强度预测模型预测结果的平均相对误差仅为5.57%,预测结果较为精准;预测模型中各层权值的计算结果表明养护龄期对于固化土强度影响最大,稻壳灰粒径影响程度最小。研究结果可以为固化土在实际工程的应用提供理论支持。 相似文献
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水泥-黄土注浆充填材料的试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采空区危害巨大,目前主要采用注浆充填方式进行处置。水泥-粉煤灰浆液在采空区治理中得到了广泛的应用,但在一些采空区治理工程中,由于缺乏粉煤灰,需要寻找其他低成本的注浆材料。水泥-黄土浆液具有就地取材、工艺简单等优势,是替代水泥-粉煤灰浆液的首选。本文以陕西泾阳、甘肃兰州、山西吕梁黄土为研究对象,通过大量水泥-黄土浆液黏度、结石率、凝结时间、结石体强度等性质的试验,研究了水泥掺量、水固比、黄土类型、水玻璃掺量等因素对水泥-黄土浆液性质及其结石体强度的影响。试验结果表明:随黄土掺量的增加,结石体强度、浆体流动性降低,而凝结时间延长; 水泥-黄土浆液结石体早期强度较低,而后期强度增长较大; 黄土的地域性分布,造成水泥-黄土浆液性质差异较大,黄土的粒径越粗,结石体的强度越高; 与离石黄土浆液相比,马兰黄土浆液性能稳定,强度较高,更适宜于采空区充填注浆; 水玻璃的掺入,使浆液黏度增大,结石率提高,凝结时间缩短,强度减小。本研究成果为采空区注浆设计和施工提供了新的思路。 相似文献
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采空区危害巨大,目前主要采用注浆充填方式进行处置。水泥-粉煤灰浆液在采空区治理中得到了广泛的应用,但在一些采空区治理工程中,由于缺乏粉煤灰,需要寻找其他低成本的注浆材料。水泥-黄土浆液具有就地取材、工艺简单等优势,是替代水泥-粉煤灰浆液的首选。本文以陕西泾阳、甘肃兰州、山西吕梁黄土为研究对象,通过大量水泥-黄土浆液黏度、结石率、凝结时间、结石体强度等性质的试验,研究了水泥掺量、水固比、黄土类型、水玻璃掺量等因素对水泥-黄土浆液性质及其结石体强度的影响。试验结果表明:随黄土掺量的增加,结石体强度、浆体流动性降低,而凝结时间延长;水泥-黄土浆液结石体早期强度较低,而后期强度增长较大;黄土的地域性分布,造成水泥-黄土浆液性质差异较大,黄土的粒径越粗,结石体的强度越高;与离石黄土浆液相比,马兰黄土浆液性能稳定,强度较高,更适宜于采空区充填注浆;水玻璃的掺入,使浆液黏度增大,结石率提高,凝结时间缩短,强度减小。本研究成果为采空区注浆设计和施工提供了新的思路。 相似文献
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在动扭剪三轴仪上对不同黄土掺量的粉煤灰试样进行动力学试验,根据试验结果对掺土粉煤灰的动强度及孔压发展规律进行了分析。试验表明:随着掺土量的增加,掺土粉煤灰的动强度值有所下降,在同一固结比条件下,掺土量越大,产生破坏所需的动剪应力和破坏振次就越小;掺土粉煤灰的动强度指标中粘聚力随掺土量的增大而提高,而内摩擦角随掺土量的增加呈略微减小的趋势;随着掺土量的增加,孔隙水压力随振次比及轴向变形的增长速度逐渐变缓,在纯粉煤灰中掺入一定量的黄土,有助于提高粉煤灰的抗液化性能。 相似文献
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通过动三轴试验,研究水泥土中掺入不同掺量的聚丙烯纤维和玄武岩纤维条件下,其动应力 、动弹性模量 随动应变的变化规律。试验结果表明：水泥土的动强度和动弹性模量与围压、掺入纤维的种类和纤维掺量有关;随着纤维掺量的增多,水泥土的动强度和动弹性模量增大,动变形减小。从滞回曲线和微观的角度分析,掺入玄武岩纤维的水泥土动力性能最好,聚丙烯纤维水泥土次之,素水泥土（无纤维）较弱;最大动弹性模量 随着围压和纤维掺量的增大而增大。玄武岩纤维水泥土在不同围压下的 归一化曲线相互聚拢,表明 对围压的依赖程度降低。 相似文献
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湖泊底泥改性固化的强度特性和微观结构 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
将灰渣胶凝材料作为改性剂应用于湖泊环境疏浚底泥的固化处理,研究了改性淤泥的强度特性,探讨灰渣胶凝材料对淤泥的改性机理。改性淤泥的抗压强度试验结果表明,当灰渣胶凝材料质量掺入比为5 %时,能够显著提高改性淤泥的各个龄期强度;当掺入质量比为12.5 %时,28天强度可以达到1.55 MPa。改性淤泥的早期强度较高,后期强度能持续增长,同时具有良好的耐水浸泡性能。SEM分析表明,灰渣胶凝材料能与底泥颗粒中的活性物质发生火山灰反应,形成高强难溶的胶结物,使改性淤泥中大孔隙数量减少,改善了淤泥土颗粒之间的胶结性能。这说明灰渣胶凝材料是一种性能优异的底泥改性材料。 相似文献
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水泥粉煤灰加固有机质土的试验研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对于高有机质含量的泻湖相软土,单纯采用水泥不能有效提高该软土的力学性能,因此提出了采用水泥和粉煤灰作为固化剂的加固方法。通过不同水泥掺入量、粉煤灰掺入量和龄期下水泥土的无侧限抗压强度试验,分析了水泥粉煤灰固化土的强度规律和变形规律,探讨了水泥和粉煤灰加固高有机质含量软土的机理。结果表明,粉煤灰对于水泥试块的早期强度影响较小,对后期强度影响较大;粉煤灰最佳掺入量为12％,超过此掺入量水泥土强度反而会降低,粉煤灰水泥土的破坏应变、E50也在粉煤灰掺量为12％时分别达到最低值和最大值。水泥掺加粉煤灰可有效地提高高有机质含量软土的强度。 相似文献
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煤矿采空区漏风是引发煤火灾害的重要原因,传统充填堵漏材料易干裂,流动性差,成本高,因此研发出有效充填封堵漏风通道的新型材料十分必要。通过单因素变量法,以材料流动度、初凝时间、抗压强度为指标进行配比优选,研发出大掺量粉煤灰无机固化泡沫充填堵漏新材料。同时,利用红外光谱、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜表征材料的水化过程。结果表明∶基于泡沫均匀度、发泡倍数、半衰期及析水率等参数,优选出十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)∶辛癸基葡糖苷(APG)=1∶1,黄原胶(XG)∶瓜尔胶(GG)=1∶1的水基泡沫。研发的大掺量粉煤灰无机固化泡沫,其初凝时间与粉煤灰掺量、水灰比、泡沫掺量成正比;流动度与水灰比成正比,与粉煤灰掺量成反比,随泡沫掺量增加先上升后缓慢降低;抗压强度随粉煤灰掺量增加呈先增加后减小趋势,与水灰比和泡沫掺量呈反比关系。综合评价指标确定粉煤灰掺量为60%、水灰比为0.6、泡沫与复合浆液体积比为1∶1时,材料流动度好,为15.9 cm,初凝时间适中,为5 h,抗压强度高,28 d达到1.5 MPa。该材料的水化产物是钙矾石(AFT)以及C-S-H凝胶,由水泥先发生水化反应生成Ca(OH)2,后与粉煤灰反应生... 相似文献
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主要研究了不同温度加速养护条件下,掺入不同量MgO膨胀剂和粉煤灰的混凝土试件的膨胀性能和劈裂抗拉强度,明确高温养护对外掺MgO混凝土膨胀与劈拉强度的影响规律。结果表明,随着养护温度的升高,混凝土的膨胀将加快,膨胀曲线趋于平缓的时间就越短;MgO掺量的增加不仅使混凝土的膨胀值增大,而且对其劈拉强度造成影响。适当掺量的MgO可能使混凝土劈拉强度有所增加,当MgO掺量过大时,则对混凝土劈拉强度没有贡献,甚至可能使其强度降低;粉煤灰对MgO的膨胀有明显的抑制作用,提高了高掺量MgO混凝土的劈裂抗拉强度。 相似文献
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粉煤灰基地聚物作为一种低碳胶凝材料,在地基处理中的应用越来越受到关注。但是目前关于碱激发胶凝材料加固土在冻融极端气候条件下的工程特性尚不清楚,有必要进一步开展冻融循环条件下加固土的强度、变形特征及其影响因素研究。通过室内试验研究了原材料硅铝比、碱激发剂模数及碱溶液浓度对粉煤灰基地聚物固化土的强度与抗冻融性能的影响及微观... 相似文献
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Naguleswaran Niroshan Ling Yin Nagaratnam Sivakugan Ryan Llewellyn Veenstra 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2018,36(4):2171-2187
This paper is an attempt to relate the microstructure to long-term mechanical properties of the cemented paste backfill produced from a hard rock mine tailing from North Queensland in Australia bound with flyash-based geopolymer (geopolymer), flyash-blended cement (FBC), and general purpose cement (GPC). A relatively high slump (260 mm) paste backfill mix with 74 wt% solids has been used to prepare cylindrical paste backfill samples with a diameter of 50 mm and a height of 100 mm. The uniaxial compressive strength tests were conducted on all samples after curing for 112 days to obtain their strength, failure strain and Young’s modulus. Fractured samples were examined under scanning electron microscope to understand the failure mechanisms at the microstructural scale. The results show that binders significantly affected the mechanical properties of paste backfills (ANOVA, p < 0.05). The paste backfill bound with geopolymer gave the lowest strength and Young’s modulus, while the paste backfills bounded with FBC and GPC showed comparable higher strength and modulus values. This was attributed to the relatively well-packed paste backfills with less cracks and smaller pore sizes in these paste backfills bound with FBC and GPC binders. In particular, needle-shaped particles, which were originally identified in GPC, highly influenced the mechanical property of paste backfills. These results indicate that fly ash can be used to partially replace the cement as a binder for paste backfills to achieve economic and environmental benefits. 相似文献
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Summary In the mining industry today there is some caution about using fine tailings as a backfill material. Traditionally, hydraulic backfill has only used the coarse fraction of tailings, excluding the fines by a classification process. With the development of paste fill, the percentage of fine tailings being sent underground has increased, but still remains low due to the high percentages of sand and gravel which usually make up these fills. Sand and gravel have been added to paste fills to aid pumpability and to increase fill strength and stiffness. This leaves the remainder of fine tailings destined for surface disposal. The main focus of this paper is to evaluate what effect the addition of fine gold mill tailings in the form of agglomerated tailings pellets has on the strength and stiffness characteristics of a total tailings paste fill. The purpose is to create a high modulus fill which is made up entirely of fine tailings. A constant slump design of 20 cm (8 in) was used for each mix. Various binder dosages, curing periods and combinations of pellet to tailings ratio were studied. Raw fill slump and density, and cured fill compressive strength and modulus of elasticity were also examined. Results from the above study indicate that agglomerated tailings paste fill (ATPF) has superior strength and stiffness characteristics. Compressive strengths were enhanced while the modulus of elasticity values was tripled when compared to total tailings paste fills of the same binder content and consistency. ATPF minimizes the surface disposal of tailings and maximizes the utilization of fine tailings underground as a useful backfill material. 相似文献
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The production and utilization of coal is based on well-proven and widely used technologies. Fly ash, a coal combustion byproduct,
has potential to produce a composite material with controlled and superior properties. The major challenges with the production
of fly ash are in its huge land coverage, adverse impact on environment etc. It puts pressure on the available land particularly
in a densely populated country like India. In India the ash utilization percentage has not been very encouraging in spite
of many attempts. Stabilization of fly ash is one of the methods to transfer the waste material into a safe construction material.
This investigation is a step in that direction. This paper presents the results of an investigation on compressive strength
and bearing ratio characteristics of surface coal mine overburden material and fly ash mixes stabilized with lime for coal
mine haul road construction. Tests were performed with different percentages of lime (2, 3, 6 and 9%). The effects of lime
content and curing period on the bearing ratio and tensile strength characteristics of the stabilized overburden and fly ash
mixes are highlighted. Unconfined compressive strength test results cured for 7, 28 and 56 days are presented to develop correlation
between different tensile strengths and unconfined compressive strength. Empirical models are developed to estimate bearing
ratio and tensile strength of mine overburden–fly ash–quick lime mixtures from unconfined compressive strength test results. 相似文献
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碱渣与饱和卤水混合制成浆体回填到盐矿废弃盐腔可同时解决碱渣处理问题和地下废弃盐腔存在的地质隐患。回填碱渣强度是影响充填效果的重要因素。因此,为了提高回填碱渣强度,采用掺入粉煤灰制成复合碱渣对其强度特性进行改良。针对不同粉煤灰掺合比的碱渣开展了组成、力学和细观试验。研究结果表明：（1）掺入粉煤灰能明显改善碱渣的强度,使其黏聚力、内摩擦角都大幅提高,抗剪强度大幅增加;（2）粉煤灰掺合比越大,增强效果越明显,但强度并非随掺合比呈线性变化,对黏聚力而言,在0～20%内的掺合比下增加速度最快,而对内摩擦角则在20%～30%的掺合比区间增加最快,对抗剪强度而言,0～20%的掺合比内增加最明显;（3）粉煤灰掺入还可显著改善碱渣的压缩固结特性,使其固结系数大幅提高,从而提高碱渣固结速度,缩短充填工期,其中在0～10%的掺合比内对压缩固结特性改善最显著;（4）矿物组成分析表明,粉煤灰掺入改变了矿物组成,使得亲水性矿物含量急剧锐减,进而改变了其沉积特性。而细观分析则表明,粉煤灰掺入使碱渣从絮凝团细观结构变成了粉煤灰充当骨架的充填结构,且粒间支撑和拉联效应明显。从增强效果提高、压缩固结特性增强、控制成本和工期综合分析表明,最优掺合比为20%左右,建议工程中以不高于20%的掺合比作为实用掺合比即可取得较为理想的充填增强效果。该研究为揭示碱渣增强机制及废弃盐腔碱渣充填工艺优化提供了有益参考。 相似文献
16.
极软岩巷道锚注加固注浆材料研究与应用 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
锚注加固是一种理想的改善软岩巷道的围岩承载性能的措施。在实验室对粉煤灰-水泥锚注加固注浆材料的流动性、析水性及抗压强度进行了试验研究,找出了注浆材料的适宜配比,即粉煤灰掺量在20 %以下,水灰比为0.65～0.70,并在新集三矿极软岩巷道修复加固中进行了应用。 相似文献
17.
注浆加固是解决岛礁钙质砂地基不均匀沉降问题的有效措施之一。根据钙质砂特性,选用超细硅酸盐水泥作为主体胶凝成分,纳米硅溶胶、粉煤灰和硫酸钙晶须作为辅料,依据单因素试验和正交试验的要求,制备了不同配比的注浆材料,测试了其凝结时间和相应固结体的力学性能。采用响应曲面法对试验结果进行模拟,探究各组分对各性能指标的影响,确定注浆材料最优配比。结果表明：将3种辅料按适当比例单独加入浆材中,均可提高不同龄期钙质砂固结体的抗压强度;当水泥掺量固定时,水灰比是影响浆液凝结时间和固结体强度的最主要因素;与水泥浆液相比,以最佳配比掺入辅料配制的注浆浆液能够更好地填充在钙质砂颗粒间,从而改变固结体的密实性,使其抗压强度明显增长。研究成果可为增强钙质砂地基注浆加固效果提供参考。 相似文献
18.
Flowable fill is a self-levelling and self-compacting, cementitious material which is primarily used as a backfill. It is
a mixture of fine aggregates, small amount of cement, water and a by-product material. In this present experimental study,
three industrial by-products namely fly ash, rice husk ash and quarry dust were used as constituent materials in flowable
fill. Mix proportions were developed for different combination of these industrial by-products, in addition to small amount
of cement content. The main objective of the present investigation is to study the stress–strain behaviour of these mixes,
namely unconfined compressive strength (UCS), strain corresponding to peak stress, strain corresponding to fracture and modulus
of elasticity. In addition, several mixes were tested for few other properties such as flowability, density, water-absorption
and volume changes. The range of strengths, strains and moduli of elasticity obtained for these flowable fill mixtures represents
different types of clay soils ranging from soft clays to very stiff clays. Thus, industrial by-products such as fly ash, rice
husk ash and quarry dust can be beneficially added in flowable fill that offers comparable strengths to soils used for conventional
fills and many other low-strength applications. 相似文献