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1.
丹凤—信阳蛇绿混杂带作为秦岭—大别碰撞造山带主缝合带，其南部属于扬子板块北部大陆边缘。研究区域位于东秦岭南翼，是扬子板块北部大陆边缘的一部分。①晚元古—中震旦世，扬子板块北缘（东秦岭段）为活动型大陆边缘，发育有陡岭岛弧和武当弧后盆地；②晚震旦—早古生代，扬子板块北缘转为被动型大陆边缘，陡岭古岛弧构成边缘地块，武当古弧后盆地演化为边缘盆地；③早古生代晚期，华北板块南缘的秦岭岛弧首先与扬子板块北缘的陡岭边缘地块（古岛弧）碰撞，造成武当边缘（古弧后）盆地的闭合，并形成刘岭前渊和二峪沟前陆盆地；④由于岛弧—边缘地块碰撞加之弧后和边缘盆地的存在，因此在早古生代末期，秦岭—大别山并未大规模隆起，造山带只具雏形。直至中生代早期，华北与扬子两个板块间进一步的陆内俯冲作用才使秦岭—大别山大规模隆起。陡岭古岛弧和武当古弧后盆地的确认合理地解释了秦岭—大别碰撞造山带“加里东碰撞不造山，印支造山不碰撞”的“矛盾”现象。 相似文献
2.
东秦岭陡岭古岛弧和武当古弧后盆地及其地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
丹凤－信阳蛇绿混杂带作为秦岭－大别碰撞造山带主缝合带，其南部属于扬子板块北部大陆边缘。研究区域位于东秦岭南翼，是扬子板块北部大陆边缘的一部分。①晚元古－中震旦世，扬子板块北缘为活动型大陆边缘，发育陡岭岛弧和弧后盆地；②晚震旦－－早古生代，扬子板块北缘转为被动型大陆边缘，陡岭岛弧构成边缘地块，武发古弧后盆地演化为边缘盆地；③早古生代晚期，华北板块南缘的秦岭岛弧首先与扬子板块北缘的陡岭国缘地块（古岛弧 相似文献
3.
陈世悦 《沉积与特提斯地质》1998,18(2):48-54
晚古生代—三叠纪是秦岭造山带主造山作用的碰撞造山期,其中石炭二叠纪是点接触至面接触碰撞的阶段。华北石炭二叠纪发育有４次较大规模的海侵,时代分别为Ｃ２１－Ｃ１－１２,Ｃ１－２２－Ｃ２２,Ｐ１２和Ｐ１３。岩相古地理制图及海侵沉积单元空间展布规律的分析结果表明,海侵来自华北地块南侧的秦岭残余海盆,且海侵具有由东向西逐渐推进之势。这一海侵过程是受华北地块东低西高的古地理格局及秦岭造山带以小秦岭地区为中心呈双剪刀状反向穿时碰撞造山作用控制的结果 相似文献
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杜远生 《沉积与特提斯地质》1996,16(1):51-70
晚加里东到早海西期，西秦岭北带存在一较大规模的造山带，泥盆纪的古地形呈北高南低的特征。持续的海侵由南向北侵进、中泥盆世由于北秦岭造山带的向南仰冲，形成同造山的前陆拗陷盆地。南秦岭裂陷槽是早古生代小洋盆的残余海槽。西秦岭造山带泥盆纪的地层层序分为海平面变化控制型层序（ＳＣ型）、基底构造控制型层序（ＴＣ型）和复合型层序（ＳＴＣ型）三种类型。ＳＣ型层序发育于中秦岭微板块的小型克拉通盆地，ＴＣ型层序发育于同造山盆地和相邻的前隆（反弹）带，ＳＴＣ型层序是造山作用和造山过程的沉积响应。秦岭造山带加里东－早海西期碰撞－造山作用过程较为复杂，北秦岭造山带是由秦岭微板块与华北板块斜向和不规则边缘碰撞形成的，是一个发育不成熟和不均一的造山带，碰撞和造山由西向东，造山作用在西秦岭表现显著；南秦岭洋盆的闭合是秦岭微板块和扬子板块的斜向碰撞形成的，具闭合不碰撞和碰撞不造山的特征，闭合和碰撞由东向西。晚海西－印支期，秦岭进入再生盆地发育阶段。再生盆地于印支－燕山期闭合并造山。 相似文献
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东秦岭－大别山及邻区盆－山系统演化与动力学 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
东秦岭－大别造山带受不同块体间的拼合碰撞及其之后的陆内变形控制,在造山带边缘和内部形成了不同的盆山系统。造山带北缘响应北秦岭与华北板块的弧陆碰撞及其之后陆内变形作用,形成了后陆逆冲与弧后前陆盆地系统。造山带南缘三叠纪至白垩纪随着扬子板块与秦岭－大别微板块沿勉略缝合带自东向西的斜向俯冲和之后的陆内旋转挤压,在扬子北缘形成了前陆逆冲与周缘前陆盆地系统。自晚侏罗世末至白垩纪造山带挤压与伸展并存,伸展自核部向边缘发展,形成造山带伸展塌陷与近东西向裂谷盆地系统。大致在中始新世之后,受中国东部环太平洋构造带东西向伸展作用和深部构造作用控制,横跨造山带形成近南北向的裂谷盆地。 相似文献
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兰坪中新生代沉积盆地演化 总被引：28，自引：0，他引：28
兰坪中新生代沉积盆地形成和演化与金沙江洋的俯消减及洋陆转换过程密切相关,记录了其盆－山转换过程,早二叠世晚期－晚二叠世时期,由于金沙江洋的俯冲消减,形成了金沙江弧－盆系的空间配置,兰坪地区成为弧后盆地,早中三叠世,金沙江弧－盆系及东西两侧的昌都－兰坪陆块和中咱－中甸陆块的构造沉积式样发生大的转米,开始了兰坪中新生代盆－山转换历史,由于弧陆碰撞作用,使得兰坪分国地由弧后盆地转化成弧后前陆舅地,盆地中 相似文献
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东秦岭二郎坪弧后盆地双向式俯冲特征 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
二郎坪弧后盆地是北秦岭早生古代活动大陆边缘沟－弧－盆系统的重要组成部分,现今二郎坪岩群是古弧后盆地的物质残存,记录了盆地演化方式和过程,沉积建造和岩浆作用研究发同,在二郎坪弧后盆地南北两侧各发育一套活动型陆缘沉积体系和一系列府冲型花岗岩,变形构造解析反映出主造山期早期沿弧后盆地两侧各形成一套韧性推覆构造系,并具对冲型几何学样式,为俯冲带典型构造,综合分析表明,弧后盆地在造山早期分别俯冲于南部秦岭古岛弧和北部宽坪古陆之下,具双向式俯冲特征。 相似文献
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奥陶纪是柴达木盆地北缘早古生代碰撞造山演化的重要时期,柴达木地块与滩间山岛弧碰撞起始时限以及欧龙布鲁克海盆盆地类型、构造-古地理格局一直存在争议。本文在对欧龙布鲁克地块早奥陶世碎屑岩沉积野外观测及室内分析的基础上,测试了30个砂泥岩样品的主量元素、微量元素及稀土元素含量。结果表明,石灰沟组碎屑岩建造具有快速堆积、低成分成熟度、低结构成熟度的特征;该套碎屑岩沉积于活动大陆边缘背景下的弧后前陆盆地,碎屑物质来自南部由大陆上地壳与岛弧物质组成的上隆基底;早奥陶世(488~472 Ma)柴达木地块与滩间山岛弧陆-弧碰撞已经开始,但陆-弧碰撞起始时间不会早于493Ma。在此基础上,结合前人研究成果,认为早古生代欧龙布鲁克地块处于滩间山岛弧北部,盆地沉降、沉积演化受柴达木盆地北缘洋盆俯冲及柴达木地块-滩间山岛弧碰撞控制,寒武纪发育弧后伸展盆地,奥陶纪初期转为弧后挤压前陆盆地,弧后伸展与弧后挤压、沉积体系转换发生在490~480Ma之间。该成果从沉积学角度为柴达木盆地北缘陆-弧碰撞起始时限提供了新的制约。 相似文献
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北祁连造山带晚奥陶世-泥盆纪构造演化: 碎屑锆石年代学证据 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
北祁连造山带晚奥陶世-泥盆纪处于同造山的构造背景.上奥陶统-泥盆系沿造山带不对称分布.上奥陶统-泥盆系碎屑锆石年代学特征显示, 造山带东段武威一带上奥陶统底部沉积物主要来自北祁连岛弧, 南部中祁连地块和北部华北板块的沉积物在上奥陶统上部才出现, 根据同沉积锆石年龄将中祁连地块和华北板块在东段初始碰撞的时间限定在470~450 Ma之间; 中祁连地块和华北板块的物质在造山带西段肃南一带被保存在下志留统, 地层中也有大量来自早古生代北祁连岛弧和同碰撞花岗岩的物质, 暗示造山带西段的碰撞时间在早志留世.而造山带东段下志留统中却仅有来自中祁连地块和华北板块的物质, 缺乏代表北祁连岛弧的早古生代碎屑锆石年龄, 对比上奥陶统-下志留统岩相分布和碎屑锆石年代学特征, 北祁连造山带的碰撞具有"东早西晚"的"斜向碰撞、不规则边缘碰撞"的特征, 而这种碰撞方式导致中祁连地块在造山带东段仰冲到北祁连岛弧之上, 阻止北祁连岛弧为盆地提供沉积物; 泥盆纪早期, 北祁连岛弧年龄在东段下、中泥盆统中重新出现, 结合志留系和泥盆系在造山带东、西两段的分布和变形特征推断, 泥盆纪早期北祁连造山带具有"东强西弱"的不均一隆升特征, 这种差异隆升特征是由"东早西晚"的"斜向碰撞、不规则边缘碰撞"引起的, 它导致了北祁连岛弧在造山带东段被重新剥露出地表, 同时来自早期中、上志留统以及同碰撞花岗岩的物质也被汇入盆地.河西走廊盆地性质经历了弧后盆地-弧后残留洋盆-前陆盆地的转换过程. 相似文献
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The Late Permian–early Middle Triassic strata of the northern West Qinling area, northeastern Tibetan Plateau, are composed of sediment gravity flow deposits. Detailed sedimentary facies analysis indicates these strata were deposited in three successive deep-marine environments. The Late Permian–early Early Triassic strata of the Maomaolong Formation and the lowest part of the Longwuhe Formation define a NW–SE trending proximal slope environment. Facies of the Early Triassic strata composing the middle and upper Longwuhe Formation are consistent with deposition in a base-of-slope apron environment, whereas facies of the Middle Triassic Anisian age Gulangdi Formation are more closely associated with a base-of-slope fan depositional environment. The lithofacies and the spatial–temporal changes in paleocurrent data from these strata suggest the opening of a continental margin back-arc basin system during Late Permian to early Middle Triassic time in the northern West Qinling. U–Pb zircon ages for geochemically varied igneous rocks with diabasic through granitic compositions intruded into these deep-marine strata range from 250 to 234 Ma. These observations are consistent with extensional back-arc basin development and rifting between the Permian–Triassic Eastern Kunlun arc and North China block during the continent–continent collision and underthrusting of the South China block northward beneath the Qinling terrane of the North China block. Deep-marine sedimentation ended in the northern West Qinling by the Middle Triassic Ladinian age, but started in the southern West Qinling and Songpan-Ganzi to the south. We attribute these observations to southward directed rollback of Paleo-Tethys oceanic lithosphere, continued attenuation of the West Qinling on the upper plate, local post-rift isostatic compensation in the northern West Qinling area, and continued opening of a back-arc basin in the southern West Qinling and Songpan-Ganzi. Rollback and back-arc basin development during Late Permian to early Middle Triassic time in the West Qinling area explains: the truncated map pattern of the Eastern Kunlun arc, the age difference of deep-marine sediment gravity flow deposits between the Late Permian–early Middle Triassic northern West Qinling and the late Middle Triassic–Late Triassic southern West Qinling and Songpan-Ganzi, and the discontinuous trace of ophiolitic rocks associated with the Anyemaqen-Kunlun suture. 相似文献
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多岛海型造山作用——以华南印支期造山带为例 总被引：24，自引：1，他引：23
大陆造山带大多数形成于弧弧碰撞及其弧后盆地衰缩作用,其古地理格局为多岛海。今日的东南亚是多岛海大地构造的现实模型,其中欧亚大陆和澳大利亚的板块边界位于印度尼西亚的班达—巽它弧以南和西太平洋马里亚纳弧以东。介于前缘弧和欧亚大陆之间的是众多的残余弧和弧后盆地。其中有些盆地仍然是海底扩张的中心,一些是不再活动的海盆,也有些海盆正在遭受挤压作用,而一些海盆则已经完全被弧后衰缩作用所消减。位于这些盆地之间的是残余弧,沉降的残余弧顶部的沉积层序类似于被动陆缘。华南大地构造可用多岛海模式予以解释。华南造山带的大地构造相分析、沉积相分析和古地磁等综合研究结果表明,它们大多数是弧弧碰撞作用所形成的碰撞型造山带,二叠—三叠纪的古地理存在着与东南亚今天类似的多岛海格局。临沧弧和华夏弧可能为华南多岛海的前缘弧,起着与今天欧亚大陆的印度尼西亚弧相类似的作用。多岛海古地理格局可能出现于泥盆纪以后,华南板块发生裂解,所形成的弧后盆地大多数于晚三叠世到早侏罗世发生衰缩。 相似文献
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川西甲基卡地区侏倭组沉积物源分析—来自碎屑锆石U- Pb年龄证据 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
松潘- 甘孜造山带是青藏高原东北部的重要组成单元，是华北板块、扬子板块和羌塘块体的主要汇聚地区，主要由中生代浅变质沉积地层和一系列岩浆岩组成，记录了印支期以来块体之间的收敛汇聚等构造活动。其中，雅江残余盆地发育一套厚度巨大的中生代碎屑岩和岩浆岩地层组合，是研究松潘- 甘孜造山带地质构造演化的理想地区之一。本文对川西甲基卡地区侏倭组的样品进行了碎屑锆石LA- ICP- MS U- Pb年龄测试，碎屑锆石U- Pb年龄存在四个峰值，分别为231~281Ma、424~502Ma、707~983Ma、1539~1850Ma，表明扬子克拉通西缘及松潘甘孜造山带南部至少经历了四期强烈的构造—岩浆热事件，这四期事件在三叠系沉积地层中有非常清楚的记录。231~281Ma的锆石来自东昆仑，这一年龄段的锆石最可能来自北部晚二叠世松潘洋向北俯冲于华北板块之下所形成的东昆仑岛弧花岗岩。424~502Ma的锆石来自北秦岭，代表了加里东期南秦岭与北秦岭和华北板块的拼合事件。722~983Ma的锆石来自扬子板块，这一年龄段的锆石最可能来自盆地东部新元古界拉伸系上扬子克拉通盆地向北西俯冲于华北板块之下所形成的南秦岭花岗岩，形成于扬子板块晋宁期陆壳增生事件。1539~1850Ma与华北板块基底年龄特征值正相对应，是吕梁期华北克拉通东西两大块体在中部发生碰撞，华北古陆进一步固结、扩大的时间，这其中包含了继承东西块体的太古宙物质和新生的火成岩和沉积岩，在中- 晚三叠世，随着秦岭洋的关闭和碰撞造山，将大量碎屑物质经华北板块南缘东西向的疏导体系注入松潘甘孜盆地。说明松潘甘孜三叠纪复理石盆地侏倭组主要接受来自东昆仑、华北板块和秦岭造山带的物质。最年轻碎屑锆石可以限定沉积岩的最大沉积年龄，侏倭组4颗年轻碎屑锆石加权平均计算得出241. 8±4. 5Ma（n=4），推测侏倭组沉积年龄介于231. 6~249. 9Ma之间。 相似文献
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《International Geology Review》2012,54(9):813-831
In the Late Paleozoic, the Sino-Korean (North China) and Yangtze-Cathaysian (South China) cratons collided. The Carboniferous and Permian foreland basin to the north of the Tongbo-Dabie Mountains, and elongate intermontane basins in East Qinling, were filled by marine to terrestrial sediments, in which the fauna and flora communicated from North China, South China, and West China. In Triassic time, the Dabie-Sulu Mountains became a Himalaya-type mountain range as a result of continent-continent collision and doubling of the crust. Marked exhumation of this mountain range shed huge amounts of detritus to the west. First filled were the remnant ocean basins in Qinling. As the remnant basins filled, submarine fan deposition shifted to the west to gradually fill the Songpan-Ganzi area. Songpan-Ganzi is surrounded by continents with pre-Sinian basement. The Sinian and Paleozoic strata and their fauna and flora are of Yangtzean affinity. Beginning in the Permian, a midocean-ridge triple junction was developed in Songpan-Ganzi, and the new oceanic crust provided more space for submarine fans. Later, a Triassic subduction zone was developed along the western margin of Songpan-Ganzi, and the rising island arc provided a smaller amount of detritus to its backarc basin in the east, which became part of Songpan-Ganzi. During the Early and Middle Triassic, the Dabie-Sulu high mountain ranges blocked the monsoon from blowing to the north, and, therefore, typical redbeds were deposited in North China for at least 15 million years, whereas the deposits of the same age in South China are still shallow-marine and littoral facies with coal measures. In the Late Triassic and Jurassic, the Dabie-Sulu mountain range was leveled to low hilly country. The monsoon blew to the north very easily, and coal measures were deposited all over North China. In Songpan-Ganzi, the Triassic submarine fan deposits were folded and metamorphosed during latest Triassic time, and the Songpan-Ganzi fold belt was formed. The Cenozoic Himalaya and its relationship with submarine fans in the Indian Ocean is similar to the Triassic Dabie-Sulu mountain range and its relationship with the Songpan-Ganzi submarine fans. Huge submarine fans and ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism are consequences of continent-continent collision, but the involved continents should have considerable sizes. 相似文献
16.
《Gondwana Research》2013,24(4):1402-1428
The formation of collisional orogens is a prominent feature in convergent plate margins. It is generally a complex process involving multistage tectonism of compression and extension due to continental subduction and collision. The Paleozoic convergence between the South China Block (SCB) and the North China Block (NCB) is associated with a series of tectonic processes such as oceanic subduction, terrane accretion and continental collision, resulting in the Qinling–Tongbai–Hong'an–Dabie–Sulu orogenic belt. While the arc–continent collision orogeny is significant during the Paleozoic in the Qinling–Tongbai–Hong'an orogens of central China, the continent–continent collision orogeny is prominent during the early Mesozoic in the Dabie–Sulu orogens of east-central China. This article presents an overview of regional geology, geochronology and geochemistry for the composite orogenic belt. The Qinling–Tongbai–Hong'an orogens exhibit the early Paleozoic HP–UHP metamorphism, the Carboniferous HP metamorphism and the Paleozoic arc-type magmatism, but the three tectonothermal events are absent in the Dabie–Sulu orogens. The Triassic UHP metamorphism is prominent in the Dabie–Sulu orogens, but it is absent in the Qinling–Tongbai orogens. The Hong'an orogen records both the HP and UHP metamorphism of Triassic age, and collided continental margins contain both the juvenile and ancient crustal rocks. So do in the Qinling and Tongbai orogens. In contrast, only ancient crustal rocks were involved in the UHP metamorphism in the Dabie–Sulu orogenic belt, without involvement of the juvenile arc crust. On the other hand, the deformed and low-grade metamorphosed accretionary wedge was developed on the passive continental margin during subduction in the late Permian to early Triassic along the northern margin of the Dabie–Sulu orogenic belt, and it was developed on the passive oceanic margin during subduction in the early Paleozoic along the northern margin of the Qinling orogen.Three episodes of arc–continent collision are suggested to occur during the Paleozoic continental convergence between the SCB and NCB. The first episode of arc–continent collision is caused by northward subduction of the North Qinling unit beneath the Erlangping unit, resulting in UHP metamorphism at ca. 480–490 Ma and the accretion of the North Qinling unit to the NCB. The second episode of arc–continent collision is caused by northward subduction of the Prototethyan oceanic crust beneath an Andes-type continental arc, leading to granulite-facies metamorphism at ca. 420–430 Ma and the accretion of the Shangdan arc terrane to the NCB and reworking of the North Qinling, Erlangping and Kuanping units. The third episode of arc–continent collision is caused by northward subduction of the Paleotethyan oceanic crust, resulting in the HP eclogite-facies metamorphism at ca. 310 Ma in the Hong'an orogen and low-P metamorphism in the Qinling–Tongbai orogens as well as crustal accretion to the NCB. The closure of backarc basins is also associated with the arc–continent collision processes, with the possible cause for granulite-facies metamorphism. The massive continental subduction of the SCB beneath the NCB took place in the Triassic with the final continent–continent collision and UHP metamorphism at ca. 225–240 Ma. Therefore, the Qinling–Tongbai–Hong'an–Dabie–Sulu orogenic belt records the development of plate tectonics from oceanic subduction and arc-type magmatism to arc–continent and continent–continent collision. 相似文献
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18.
本文探讨转换断层在秦岭构造带演变中的作用。祁连洋扩张导致秦岭带的右行转换拉张作用,形成加里东期秦岭海。秦岭海消亡时,沿商丹断裂向北斜向俯冲。晚志留世,南、北大陆开始对接后,沿商丹断裂的斜向俯冲逐渐转变为左行走滑。左行走滑作用造成了海西早期平移造山作用和转换拉张作用相伴的构造格局。 相似文献
19.
北秦岭元古代构造格架与演化 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9
秦岭造山带是经历了多阶段的多陆块长期裂解、拼合的复合型造山带。最新的地质、地球化学和同位素年代学综合研究共同揭示沿商丹带分布有中新元古代蛇绿岩,并伴生有与板块俯冲碰撞作用相关的弧后盆地、岩浆弧、高压变质作用,表明北秦岭于中元古代末—新元古代初曾发展成为类似于现代板块构造体制的活动大陆边缘,出现板块向北俯冲消减、弧后盆地的生成和蛇绿岩构造侵位及其后的碰撞造山作用。 相似文献
20.
华北盆地三叠纪沉积厚度大,分布广泛,其地层沉积特征很好地记录了周缘造山带或隆起区在该时期的构造演化过程。目前,前人已经对华北各地区三叠纪碎屑物源进行了大量研究,而对于物源区的认识仍存在分歧,对于盆缘地区沉积—构造演化过程的研究也相对较少。通过整理前人对华北各地区三叠纪碎屑物源研究的锆石年龄数据,并结合造山带构造演化过程和地层沉积特征,对华北盆地三叠纪碎屑物源及沉积—构造演化过程进行了整体研究。结果表明:华北北部三叠纪沉积物源均来自北缘的内蒙古隆起,锆石年龄和地层沉积特征记录了源区逐渐增强的岩浆活动和隆升过程。华北南部地区在该时期主要接受来自华北南缘二叠纪沉积盖层和北秦岭造山带的碎屑物质供给,华北南缘伴随着秦岭造山过程可能在中三叠世就已经逆冲隆升并遭受剥蚀,两者的协同演变共同控制着盆地南部沉积演化过程。鄂尔多斯盆地西北部碎屑物源主要来自阿拉善地块和北祁连造山带,西南部地区物源则主要来自盆地西南缘再旋回沉积盖层和北祁连造山带,分别为伸展和挤压状态下的内陆盆地沉积。早—中三叠世,华北盆地为统一的大型内陆沉积盆地,晚三叠世,盆地南、北缘发育沿褶皱逆冲带分布的陆内前陆盆地系统。 相似文献