共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 107 毫秒
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膨润土是以蒙脱石为主的粘土矿石的工业名称。在评价膨润土矿床时,是以蒙脱石的含量多少为主要依据。因此,比较精确地测定膨润土中蒙脱石的含量是极其重要的。目前国内外普遍用化学吸蓝量法测定,其原理是蒙脱石分散在水溶液中,具有吸附色素(如次甲荃蓝等)的能力,不同种类的矿物吸附色素能力不同,蒙脱石的吸附能力较强,沸石吸附量较小, 相似文献
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基于X射线粉晶衍射分析、化学成分分析数据,依据物质平衡原理,应用相混合计算法对陕西洋县、河南确山、内蒙古赤峰三地的膨润土进行了定量物相分析。根据电子探针微区分析所得蒙脱石晶粒化学成分数据,采用以阴离子为基准的氢当量法,计算了膨润土中蒙脱石的晶体化学式。应用CELLSR软件,计算得到膨润土中各主要矿物的晶胞参数。通过与传统的确定膨润土中蒙脱石含量的吸蓝量法和X射线衍射多相Rietveld分析法进行定量对比,结果表明,相混合计算法是确定多种矿物共生的膨润土中蒙脱石含量最有效的物相分析方法。尽管受不同分析方法的误差积累影响,但是由该法确定蒙脱石的含量仍能保证±20％的计算精度。 相似文献
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为了提高我国低品位膨润土资源的工业附加值,本论文以山东某地低品位膨润土为原料,在工艺矿物学研究基础之上,采用水力旋流器-离心机联合提纯工艺研究了药用蒙脱石的提纯工艺以及提纯产品的药用性能。研究发现膨润土中主要杂质矿物为α-石英和长石,膨润土颗粒粒度大小和蒙脱石含量负相关,蒙脱石主要分布于-325目粒级中,该粒级中蒙脱石分布率达到46.03%。利用水力旋流器-离心机联合分选工艺,在水力旋流器给矿浓度10%,给矿压力0.05MPa,沉砂嘴直径为10mm时进行预选,蒙脱石品位提高到51.41%,相应粗精矿产率为40.98%;预选粗精矿经过离心机一次精选,三次扫选进行深度提纯,在给矿浓度5%,给矿速度1.50m~3/h,离心机转速2 304r/min的工艺条件下,获得综合精矿品位为93.56%,合计产率为9.06%,回收率为22.91%,取得较理想的分选指标,制备出的高纯蒙脱石吸附力(0.48g/g)等各项指标较好的满足了药用蒙脱石的质量指标要求,实现了低品位膨润土资源的高附加值利用。 相似文献
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一、引言 膨润土的一系列重要物理化学性质、使用性能(例如铸造生产中型砂的工艺性能、石油钻井泥浆等)主要由膨润土中的蒙脱石矿物含量所决定。有人通过试验证明,膨润土中的蒙脱石含量与型砂的湿压强度呈正相关关系。所以,除了鉴别膨润土的类型是属于钙基或是钠基等外,一个评价膨润土质量的重要指标就是测定膨润土中蒙脱石矿物的含量。蒙脱石的定量分析方法过去国内外介绍得比较多的有亚甲基兰染色法、X光衍射法和差热分析法等。 重液法测定蒙脱石含量的方法是F.C.Loughnan提出的。他测定了一些矿物与酒精混合后的比 相似文献
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不同浓度的硫酸溶液(5％，10％，15％，20％，25％，30％)与黑山膨润土作用后，膨润土矿质组分的含量发生了有规律的变化，运用灰色理论中的关联度理论对膨润土及其酸化土的11个矿质组分的变化规律进行分析研究，结果发现：硅、钠、钾、钛在不同浓度的硫酸作用下有相似的变化，表现为不易溶出；铁、铝、镁有相似的变化，表现为随着硫酸浓度的增加溶出越多；膨润土中锰和磷的含量很低，膨润土在较低的硫酸浓度作用下锰和磷部分溶出，后随着硫酸浓度的增加不易再溶出；钙在较低的硫酸浓度作用下全部溶出。这与其化学性质及所处蒙脱石的晶层位置有关。所得上述信息可用于预测各组分在不同环境条件下的行为变化。 相似文献
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An approach for predicting swelling pressure of bentonites based on thermodynamic relationships between swelling pressure and suction is presented in this paper. The proposed method requires sorption isotherm data of the bentonites. A series of swelling pressure tests were performed on compacted specimens of bentonite-sand mixtures with different bentonite contents, water contents, and dry densities. The sorption isotherm of the pure bentonite was measured using a chilled-mirror hygrometer. It is found that the method works well for the bentonite-sand mixtures tested. Several published data on bentonites that have been proposed to be used as buffer and sealing material for nuclear waste repository were collected and used to verify the method. The proposed method is found to be also applicable for other bentonites of different types and therefore, can be used to predict swelling pressure of bentonites. 相似文献
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蒙脱石中铁的赋存状态的研究 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
通过对徐闻、三水、高州等地五个样品的Ｘ射线衍射分析，化学全分析，分析它们为含铁量不同的蒙脱石，层间可交换阳离子主要为Ｃａ＾２＋。几个样品穆斯堡尔谱表明铁主要以Ｆｅ＾３＋的形式存在，含铁量较高的样品ＸＧＡ、ＸＳＡ、ＳＳ的谱可以拟合出Ｆｅ＾３＋的二对四级双峰，表明铁在蒙脱石中占据两种不等同的八面体位置。 相似文献
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在不同初始条件下试验研究了静置时间对高庙子钠基膨润土GMZ07和MX80膨润土压实样热传导性能的影响。在保持试样干密度和含水率不变情况下,将不同初始状态试样分别静置1、5、30、60、100 d,随后采用热探针法进行热传导系数测试,并对部分试样进行压汞试验。试验结果表明：GMZ07和MX80膨润土的热传导系数均随静置时间的增长而减小,静置早期热传导系数减小较快,随着静置时间延续,热传导系数逐渐趋于稳定。在相同干密度下,静置时间引起的热传导系数减小量随含水率的增大而增大。结合压实膨润土试样的微观孔隙结构变化,认为膨润土热传导系数随静置时间发生变化的主要原因是：试样静置过程中,蒙脱石发生水化膨胀,部分土中水转变成热传导性能较差的惰性水,导致膨润土的热传导系数减小。 相似文献
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Nine Namurian clay bands retrieved from boreholes in the northern part of the Pennine Basin are, on the basis of their petrography, mineralogy and geochemistry, shown to be volcanic in origin and are therefore bentonites. The bentonites, which have a fragmental texture, are normally graded and show rare preservation of shard textures, representing vitric tuff deposits that have been altered subsequently to clay-dominated horizons. Crystals are a minor component of the bentonites, but biotite, in particular, is concentrated at the base of the beds. A clay mineral assemblage of mixed-layer illite–smectite with subordinate kaolinite identifies most of the samples as K-bentonites, but kaolinite dominates two samples that can be classed as tonsteins. Temporal variation of salinity within the depositional basin is suggested to explain these different clay assemblages. The major element geochemistry of the bentonites reflects their clay mineralogy and the compositions of diagenetic minerals present, the latter including pyrite, carbonates and hydroxyapatite. Enrichment of the bentonites in some trace elements (including Ba, Sr, Pb, Cu and Ni) can be related to the presence of the diagenetic minerals, but the extent to which the elements are added from external sources as opposed to being redistributed within the ash is unclear. Immobile trace element systematics suggest a rhyodacite/dacite composition for the original ash and derivation from the collision of plates, this being supported by evidence provided by the rare earth elements (REE) in one group of samples. However, in another group of samples, variations in REE concentrations may be caused by mobility of these elements during alteration. The chemistry of the Namurian bentonites contrasts markedly with that of the local Carboniferous volcanics but is comparable, in some respects, with one group of Westphalian tonsteins, although the latter are more rhyolitic in character. It is suggested that the Namurian bentonites and the Westphalian tonsteins of acid affinities originated from volcanic activity associated with a destructive plate margin in the Variscan externides and that the observed compositional trend may reflect magma evolution possibly related to the progressive east–west closure. 相似文献
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M. L. Kuleshova N. N. Danchenko V. L. Kosorukov V. I. Sergeev T. G. Shimko 《Moscow University Geology Bulletin》2017,72(4):290-298
Five bentonite samples of different compositions and geneses were saturated with Cs and Sr in the static regime. Desorption is examined during the filtration of distilled water through saturated samples. Both elements are firmly retained to most of the bentonite samples. The Cs and Sr desorption values were 12–20%, and 2.5–23%, respectively. Structural changes in the clay fraction of bentonites resulted from the sorption–desorption of Cs and Sr were studied by the method of X-ray diffraction. 相似文献
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天然膨润土中蒙脱石丰度的定量方法研究 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
基于膨润土中蒙脱石的基本结构单元在X射线衍射空间的相干散射的分布和总量是一不变量，同一膨润土矿中单位质量蒙脱石的阳离子交换容量和层电荷密度专一性的特点，本研究提出了阳离子交换容量／层电荷密度、阳离子交换容量和X射线衍射多相Rietveld分析三种蒙脱石丰度的定量方法，并测定了我国不同产地、矿物组成和物化性质各异的10种天然膨润土中蒙脱石丰度，分析了可能的干扰因素。结果表明，三种方法测得的蒙脱石丰度值在3％范围内吻合良好，且具有一致的自相关性。 相似文献