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《地下水》2016,(6)
摸清神府榆矿区现阶段和未来的矿井排水量,利用煤炭产量、矿井生产能力、富水系数等数据进行研究,结果表明:随着研究区煤炭开发强度逐渐增大,原煤产量从2001年的1 616万t增长到2014年的36 200万t,煤炭大型现代化矿井年产量均在500万t以上,其中活鸡兔矿达到2 067.47万t/a。神府矿区矿井排水量46.00~1 218.00 m~3/h,平均富水系数0.231 0 m~3/t;榆神矿区矿井排水量139.11~3 698.00 m~3/h,平均富水系数1.167 4m~3/t;榆横矿区矿井排水量360.80~1 357.00 m~3/h,平均富水系数1.959 3 m~3/t;从神府→榆神→榆横,采煤过程中富水系数逐渐增大,且同一矿区的不同煤矿之间,富水系数差异也较大。结合煤炭产量和矿井排水量,计算得到神木、榆阳和横山的矿井水水量分别为0.938 0×108m~3/a、0.715 7×108m~3/a、0.086 1×108m~3/a,神府榆矿区矿井总排水量为1.739 8×108m~3/a,远期矿井排水量可达3.067~3.55×108m3/a。对神府榆矿区现阶段和远期矿井排水量开展研究,可以为榆林市合理开发利用矿井水资源提供依据,实现煤炭开发与水资源保护相协调。 相似文献
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宁夏灵武矿区所采煤层均属易自燃煤层,矿区煤炭自燃防治形势严峻.常规的注水、灌浆、注阻化剂灭火、氮气防灭火难以有效达到矿井防灭火要求.针对以上难题,以灵武矿区枣泉煤矿为例,分析了工作面开采期间的CO气体产生机理,据此提出了煤自燃火灾预防及治理技术思路.通过胶体隔离带的注胶防灭火技术手段,防灭火效果显著,工作面CO的的体积分数持续下降(＜6×10-6),有效得保证了矿井的安全生产. 相似文献
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煤矿井下石门揭煤诱发的煤与瓦斯突出是一种十分复杂的矿井地质动力灾害,严重威胁着煤矿安全高效生产。选取辽宁红山煤矿为工程背景,运用FLAC3D模拟分析矿井南翼瓦斯突出危险区石门揭12煤过程中围岩力学响应特征,揭示石门揭煤突出机理,提出瓦斯预抽措施配以改进金属骨架的综合防突技术方案。研究结果表明:石门揭12煤期间,工作面超前支承压力随石门掘进动态前移,距煤层6 m范围内,工作面前方围岩掘进扰动强烈,煤体出现明显应力集中现象,垂直应力为15~19 MPa,已超过煤体强度。同时,石门工作面围岩变形量急剧增大,顶板下沉位移为15~92.22 cm,煤体弹性变形能积聚;工作面围岩塑性区范围也迅速扩展,在石门中线垂直剖面上的面积为10~50 m2,裂纹贯通形成碎煤射流通道。综合模拟结果可知,石门揭12煤过程中煤体承载较高集中应力和瓦斯压力,且储存大量弹性变形能,极易诱发突出。基于此,在传统瓦斯预抽防突措施的基础上,对现有金属骨架防突技术进行改进,使其同时具备瓦斯预抽、煤体固化和超前支护的综合防突作用,并通过现场应用取得了良好效果,为类似条件石门揭煤防突研究提供重要借鉴和参考。 相似文献
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梁北矿-550m水平二1煤层属典型“三软”煤层,煤层透气性差,瓦斯含量高,瓦斯压力大,地应力大,具有较强的突出危险性。11采区煤巷埋深达610～750m,现场调查表明,巷道持续大变形,底鼓严重,支护难度大。本文对梁北矿-550m水平11采区二1煤层巷道工程地质特征进行了调研,总结了煤巷变形特征,运用FLAC数值试验方法对巷道大变形的原因进行了分析。指出该煤巷变形以显著底鼓为特征,其主要原因是煤层软弱、底板煤扰动、瓦斯防突钻孔效应和支护缺陷。认为高瓦斯特软煤层巷道的支护应兼顾瓦斯治理与支护两方面,宜把它们当成一个系统进行协同分析,这是有效解决此类煤巷稳定性控制难题的一种有效途径。在此基础上,提出了相应的防治对策。 相似文献
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梁北矿-550m水平二1煤层属典型“三软”煤层,煤层透气性差,瓦斯含量高,瓦斯压力大,地应力大,具有较强的突出危险性。11采区煤巷埋深达610～750m,现场调查表明,巷道持续大变形,底鼓严重,支护难度大。本文对梁北矿-550m水平11采区二1煤层巷道工程地质特征进行了调研,总结了煤巷变形特征,运用FLAC数值试验方法对巷道大变形的原因进行了分析。指出该煤巷变形以显著底鼓为特征,其主要原因是煤层软弱、底板煤扰动、瓦斯防突钻孔效应和支护缺陷。认为高瓦斯特软煤层巷道的支护应兼顾瓦斯治理与支护两方面,宜把它们当成一个系统进行协同分析,这是有效解决此类煤巷稳定性控制难题的一种有效途径。在此基础上,提出了相应的防治对策。 相似文献
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安徽月山铜、金矿田成矿流体从深部向浅部沿断裂、裂隙以及多孔介质(含微裂隙)运移,运动速率分别为1.4m/s、9.8×10~(-1)～9.8×10~(-7)m/s、3.6×10~(-7)～4.6×10~(-7)m/s,流体运移通道介质性质的变化引起流体运移速率的变化是导致成矿物质在介质接触界面中沉淀的主要原因之一。成矿流体在高温时主要迁移方向向上,流体通量为n×10~4～n×10~5mol/cm~2,中低温时运移方向多样,大气降水介入岩浆热液体系导致流体通量增大,流体通量为n×10~5～n×10~6mol/cm~2;成矿流体中所携带的成矿物质具备形成大型铜矿床的潜力。 相似文献
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《地下水》2021,(3)
黄屯硫铁矿西部的金铜矿区属于新增资源,为查明西部金铜矿体的开采条件,在对矿区水文地质边界条件进行综合分析的基础上,建立矿区水文地质概念模型,运用比拟法与解析法两种计算方法分别对矿区矿坑涌水量进行了预测,结果表明:两种预测方法得出的结果基本相近。从安全因素考虑,建议将比拟法预测的-340 m中段正常涌水量1 001.5 m~3/h(24 036.4 m~3/d)和最大涌水量1 101.5 m~3/h(26 436.4 m~3/d)、-460 m中段正常涌水量1 354.9 m~3/h(32 517.6 m~3/d)和最大涌水量1 454.9 m~3/h(34 917.6 m~3/d)作为矿井防排水系统及相关设计的依据。最后根据预测结果,对矿井防排水系统及相关设计提出了合理建议。 相似文献
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Amartanshu Srivastava Suresh Pandian Elumalai Elluru Venkata Ramana Raju 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(6):120
The objective of the present study was to delineate temporal and spatial changes in the coal fire and land use/cover within Bastacolla area of Jharia coal field. Studying this variation helped to decipher interconnection among the dynamics of the coal fire and concomitant changes in land use/cover. The detection of coal fires during a span of 14 years along with transitioning land use/cover was cost-effective and enabled planning for management of coal resources and environment. Landsat series of satellite data of 2002, 2009, 2013, and 2016 were processed for generating land surface temperature profiles vis-a-vis classified land use/cover of the study area. A single cut-off temperature was derived for mapping of coal fires using land surface temperature profile from 2002 to 2016. The satellite images were classified using support vector machines, and for depicting land use/cover change, post-classification change detection was done. Classification accuracy obtained was excellent with kappa coefficient ranging from 0.897 for classified image of 2002 to 0.799 for classified image of 2016. Results revealed that coal fires had shifted to the central west part of the area. Furthermore, pockets of coal fire from northern and eastern part of the study area have diminished. OB dumps and coal quarry/coal dump may be attributed towards the spatial change in coal fire while; OB dumps showed connotation with the highest temperature zones. Ground verifications for temperature profiles and coal fires were carried out using thermal camera which enunciated good agreement with results. 相似文献
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Coal fires are serious problem in Raniganj coalfield as it is the case for some of the other coalfields of India like Jharia coalfield. Earlier efforts were made to map the coal fires of this coal-field based on satellite observation. But the restricted distribution of major coal fires in the particular portion of the coalfield makes the basis for finding the geological control if responsible for coal fire distribution. In present study, night time thermal data of ASTER (Advance spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer) is used to map the latest distribution (December, 2006) of coal fires in the Raniganj coalfield. Coal fire map shows that most significant zone affected by fire is at the north-western portion of the coalfield; where NE-trending open cast mines are affected by fire. This fire zone is associated with high grade coal of the Barakar Formation. Coal fires are also mapped in open cast pits of Jambad-Mangalpur area occurring over rocks of the Raniganj Formation. By integrating geological map and satellite-derived coal fire map of Raniganj coal field, it is observed that the coal fires detected by remote sensing study are spatially associated with intraformational faults. These faults may have played significant role in supplying oxygen to these coal-fires and allowing them to propagate down the depth along the trends of the faults. 相似文献
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Stefan Wessling Claudia Kuenzer Winfried Kessels Manfred W. Wuttke 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2008,74(3-4):175-184
Coal seams burning underneath the surface are recognized all over the world and have drawn increasing public attention in the past years. Frequently, such fires are analyzed by detecting anomalies like increased exhaust gas concentrations and soil temperatures at the surface. A proper analysis presumes the understanding of involved processes, which determine the spatial distribution and dynamic behavior of the anomalies.In this paper, we explain the relevance of mechanical and energy transport processes with respect to the occurrence of temperature anomalies at the surface. Two approaches are presented, aiming to obtain insight into the underground coal fire situation: In-situ temperature mapping and numerical simulation. In 2000 to 2005, annual temperature mapping in the Wuda (Inner Mongolia, PR China) coal fire area showed that most thermal anomalies on the surface are closely related to fractures, where hot exhaust gases from the coal fire are released. Those fractures develop due to rock mechanical failure after volume reduction in the seams. The measured signals at the surface are therefore strongly affected by mechanical processes.More insight into causes and effects of involved energy transport processes is obtained by numerical simulation of the dynamic behavior of coal fires. Simulations show the inter-relation between release and transport of thermal energy in and around underground coal fires. Our simulation results show a time delay between the coal fire propagation and the observed appearance of the surface temperature signal. Additionally, the overall energy flux away from the burning coal seam into the surrounding bedrock is about 30-times higher than the flux through the surface. This is of particular importance for an estimation of the energy released based on surface temperature measurements. Finally, the simulation results also prove that a fire propagation rate estimated from the interpretation of surface anomalies can differ from the actual rate in the seam. 相似文献
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Jitendra Pandey Dheeraj Kumar D. C. Panigrahi V. K. Singh 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2017,76(12):439
Coal is dominant energy source of world at large and India in particular for several decades and expected to being continued for foreseeable future. However, fire in this fossils fuel is still a global catastrophe for the major coal-producing countries. There are several direct and cascading distress of coal mine fire has been encountered by environment, economy, safety and society. Without knowledge of actual status and extent of coal mine fire, any scope for its better managements may be futile. In India, the coal mine fire of well-known Jharia coalfield (JCF) has been continued since last ten decades and still spreading towards newer areas. The aim of this paper is to highlight the chronological net lateral spatial changes in coal mine fire areas of JCF using Landsat satellite thermal imageries. The mapping of coal mine fire area of JCF during 1988–2013 has been carried out with consecutive 5-year intervals. The lateral changes in surface and subsurface fire areas along with propagation towards new area have been studied. The study also included to evaluate changes of status and extent fire during this time span and effect of its management efforts. On the basis of aforementioned analysis, the study concludes a slow reducing trend in coal mine fire area during last 25 years. 相似文献
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四川西部高山峡谷地貌发育,山高林密且地质环境恶劣,区内林草资源丰富,森林火灾多发、易发、频发,灾害应急处置难度大,防控任务重。国产高分系列卫星影像具有时空分辨率高、载荷类型多、机动性强、幅宽范围大、成像迅速等优点,对川西地区森林防灭火、灾害应急处置及防灾减灾等有明显优势。以2021年四川九龙县三岩龙乡“4·08”森林火灾为例,利用国产高分系列卫星数据分别对森林火灾初期、中期及晚期开展应急处置,包括快速解译林火火灾救援要素(初期)、感知亮温异常态势(中期)、跟踪监测过火区动态(中期)、结合火场需求提供应急扑救部署建议(中期)、开展灾损解译评估(晚期)及火后泥石流易发性评价(火后)等,结果表明国产高分系列卫星对森林火灾应急处置的全流程应用具有实践指导意义。 相似文献
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易自燃煤层综放工作面采空区自然发火防治数值模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文针对古山矿065-2大倾角易自燃综放工作面上部有小煤窑火区和上分层火区、且自然发火期仅为15d、工作面火灾防治极其困难的问题,采用在采空区埋设束管、取样化验采空区气体成分的方法,得出采空区气体浓度场分布,划分工作面采空区的自燃＂三带＂,计算出工作面日最小推进度为2.54m。运用Comsol软件,通过对采空区氧浓度进行数值模拟,并与实测采空区氧浓度进行对比验证,结果证明基于Comsol模拟采空区氧浓度分布是可行的,为易自燃煤层综放工作面采空区自然发火防治提供了可靠的理论指导。 相似文献
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殷跃平 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2022,33(4):1-8
火后泥石流是一种裹挟大量松散物质的特殊性洪流,与林火密切相关,其成灾特征与常规泥石流差异显著,因此常规泥石流的防治经验对其不完全适用。西昌“3·30”火灾后,火烧迹地火后泥石流频发,严重威胁当地人民生命财产安全。研究火后泥石流的成灾特征,并针对性提出综合防治措施是必要且迫切的。文中以四川省凉山州西昌市新村电池厂沟为研究对象,分析了火烧迹地及流域特征,研究了火后泥石流成灾特征并提出相应的防治措施。结果表明,电池厂沟过火面积占总面积的83.37%,严重火烧区占33.47%,地表灰烬层广泛堆积于坡面,松散物源中坡面物源占69.83%。火后泥石流表现出频发性:首次暴发于火后一个月左右,首个雨季累计暴发5次;且泥石流起动降雨阈值低,易发性激增。据此,对该沟提出相应的防治措施:短期应急（坡面枯木清理、植被恢复、简易谷坊坝）;中期治理（沟内拦砂坝辅以坝后沉沙池）;长期预防（森林防火、植被保护、预警避险）。短期、中期方案已在电池厂沟实施,工程竣工后至今,综合治理效果得到了初步检验,可为今后火后泥石流防治提供参考。 相似文献
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S K PAL JITENDRA VAISH SAHADEV KUMAR ABHAY KUMAR BHARTI 《Journal of Earth System Science》2016,125(1):165-178
The present study deals with the coal fire mapping of East Basuria Colliery, Jharia coalfield, India, using the magnetic method. It is based on the fact that rise in temperature would result significant changes in magnetic susceptibility and thermo-remanent magnetization (TRM) of the overlying rocks. Magnetism increases slowly with the rise of temperature until the Curie temperature. Generally, rock/ overburden loses magnetization and becomes paramagnetic due to heating to Curie temperature, which results with significant reduction in magnetic susceptibility. However, magnetism increases significantly after cooling below the Curie temperature. Several data processing methods such as diurnal correction, reduction to pole (RTP), first and second vertical derivatives have been used for analysis of magnetic data and their interpretation. It is observed that the total magnetic field intensity anomaly of the area varies approximately from 44850 to 47460 nT and the residual magnetic anomaly varies approximately from ?1323 to 1253 nT. The range of the magnetic anomaly after RTP is approximately 1050–1450 nT. About 20 low magnetic anomaly zones have been identified associated with active coal fire regions and 11 high magnetic anomaly zones have been identified associated with non-coal fire regions using vertical derivative techniques. 相似文献
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煤岩热物性参数是矿井降温、防灭火治理工作所需要的重要基础资料。以重庆永川煤矿为研究对象,采用井下现场测定和实验室测试对该矿目前采掘区域内煤岩密度、比热、导热系数、导温系数以及原始温度、地温梯度等参数进行了测试。测试结果表明,在矿井标高-400 m水平,煤岩样的密度、比热、导热系数、导温系数均处在正常范围之内;在标高-357~-438 m,煤岩密度、比热、导热系数、导温系数不随标高的变化而变化。在标高-400 m水平,煤岩原始温度为35~36℃;矿井恒温带深度以下,-400 m水平以上的地温梯度为2.32/℃ hm,-400 m水平以下的地温梯度值为2.65/℃ hm,存在一个稍微递增的趋势,但仍然处于正常地温梯度范围。结合矿井地勘资料确定煤岩原始温度的实测值较理论计算值偏小,但误差不超过3%,精度符合工程实际要求。 相似文献