共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
Huang Qinghu Ma Yinsheng Institute of Geomechanics C hinese Academy of Geological Science Beijingand Song Xinchu Seismological Bureau of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou Zhejiang 《《地质学报》英文版》1994,68(1):1-13
This paper discusses the seismic activity in Beijing M unicipality and its adjacent areas (which are referred to as the Beijing region in the paper). By using fuzzy mathematics, the factors controlling regional crustal stability are transformed into fuzzy information and then a model of fuzzy diagnosis is established. A fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of regional crustal stability in the Beijing region is made according to the seismic and geological conditions of the region. 相似文献
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Engineering Geological Study of the Active Tectonic Region for Hydropower Development on the Jinsha River,Upstream of the Yangtze River 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The Jinsha River runs across the Hengduanshan north-south tectonic zone where neotectonism was relatively strong, accompanied by various geologic hazards. In this case, it seems necessary to make a quantitative assessment and grading of the engineering geological environment for the planning and development of hydropower projects on the Jinsha River.The studies of crustal structures and activities of neotectonic fault blocks provide a three-dimensional geomechan-ics model for us to make an assessment of the engineering geological environment. Based on the survey data and results from geologic hazard risk analysis, a hierarchical analysis model on the quality of the engineering geological environment is established with respect to the crustal stability, ground stability, and rock and soil mass stability. Nine factors relevant to the geological environment are selected and five levels are used for the quality grades: very bad, bad, mediocre, good, very good. The result indicates that active deep faults ha 相似文献
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我国陆相盆地油田水文地球化学特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
From the viewpoint of geological development, the mechanisms of formation of oil-field waters in non-marine basins and their relation with oil-gas reservoirs are discussed briefly. Sedimentary basins differing in geological setting and physical geographical environment would lead to a diverse evolution of fossil lake basin water body in chemical composition in the process of formation, development and extinction by themselves, resulting in oil-field waters with complex; variable and characteristic compositious China‘s non-marine basins are mostly derived from fossil lake basins. The substantial petroleum-generating stage is highly expected during the development of these fossil lake basins. The production of hydrocarbons responsible for petroleum is always accompanied by the production of sedimentary water. As a result, oil-gas migration took place under the action of high-pressure water and led to the preferential accumulation in the surrounding geological structures as a girdle pattern. In the oil-gas-bearing basins where seeping water is abundant, oil-gas reservoir are found distributed mainly along the “intersection zone” -- the “erestal plane”between the “ fossil-dewatering” of sedimentary water and the “fossil-interpolation”of seeping water. Due to the influence of various factors and the geochemical reactions, oilfield waters in Chiua‘s non-marine basins have remarkable “ion differential” phenomenon. Based on the phenomenon four types of ion assemblages can be distinguished. 相似文献
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The Antarctic continent and surrounding oceans,which are cold and isolated from human activities,constitute a key region for multidisciplinary investigations.Since the early interest during the International Geophysical Year （IGY） during 1957-1958,numerous scientific studies have so far been carried out in Antarctica by different countries,which have provided important insights into Earth and environmental processes such as regional climate warming and its effect to biodiversity,changes in ice sheet and ocean circulation,ozone depletion,and origin and evolution of continents.The challenge of the next phase of Antarctic research will be to integrate all fields of science into a holistic understanding of Earth and life processes of the Antarctic region.In this thematic issue of Geoscience Frontiers,we assemble a set of scientific papers related to geomorphology,biology,molecular spectroscopy,and geology reflecting the recent research activity in the Antarctic region. 相似文献
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CharlotteA.Bowman PeterT.Bobrowsky OlleSelinus 《《幕》》2003,26(4):270-278
The interdisciplinary fieldresponds to the need to betterof “Medical Geology“ understand the relationships between human health and our surrounding environment. The influence of earth resources, natural environmental factors and land-use on human health has long been recognized, dating back to ancient Rome and Peru‘s Inca civilization. Today links between the natural environment and health can be found throughout the world. This review introduces the historical context of this particular type of research, contrasts the direct geological and indirect natural hazard influences on healthas a framework of study, elaborates on pathways of elemental accumulation in the body and provides examples of specific geochemical behaviours and diseases that are often associated with either too much or not enough of certain elements which comprise the Earth. 相似文献
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Yaping WANG Chunxue XU Suming WANG Ziyi AN 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):15-15
Along with the rapid development of science and technology, natural matter and energy are further exploited and used. The pollution imposed on nature has also sharply increased. Only do we know the pollution history, can we make a correct appraisal of local environment, get the hold of the main cause of environmental pollution, and then take the effective measures to control the environment？ The evolution of heavy metal concentrations with time in the soil environment in the southern suburbs of Beijing were studied by using annual growth rings of trees. The absorption of 12 elements by different tree species in the same soil type was studied according to their absorption coefficients. The study indicated the differences in adsorption of elements by different species of trees. The adsorption coefficients of the elements Zn, Cd and P are higher. The correlations of nine elements （Na, K, Cu, Zn, As, Sr, Cd, Ba and Pb） in growth rings of poplar trees and those in soils near their roots show that the element contents in growth rings have a positive correlation with the contents in soils near the roots. Based on the logarithmic linear correlation model, the evolution of the contents of the elements Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Ba and Pb in soils from 1982 to 2004 was deduced. The trees have the characters of confirming year precisely, long life and widespread distribution. They are the ideal objects of study on environmental pollution changes. At present, research in China in this aspect is less, and the field of research is expected to further expand. This method can be used to provide richer and more scientific information on the history of environmental pollution and changes during modem urbanization in the past few decades and predicting the evolutionary trend of pollution change. 相似文献
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TANG Wenquan BAO Chaomin Geological Society of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou Zhejiang 《《地质学报》英文版》2000,74(2):217-222
The Asian continent is one of the best places in the world to study continental dynamics. In this region the tectonic framework of the South China plate is related to the activity of the Pacific plate and Indian plate since the Mesozoic. In the South China plate, as the ophiolitic melange of the middle Proterozoic in the Shaoxing-Yingtan-Tengxian-Beihai faulted zone was confirmed to be a subducting ocean, the evolution of the Yangtze block and Cathaysian block, which are located on both sides of the fault zone, becomes clearer and clearer. A primary diamond deposit, which was first found by Bao Chaomin and his colleagues in Longyou County of Zhejiang Province in 1998, originated from kimberlitoid pipes. The pipes are located in the Cretaceous basin beside this deep fault and the diamond-bearing pipe was formed deep within a favourable geological structure. Diamond there occurs as octahedral crystals without visual impurities. There are more than 100 similar pipes in the area, which have been poorly stud 相似文献
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The Himalayan-Tibetan orogen system serves as the modern paradigm for understanding convergence-related processes in orogenic belts. The advancements made studying the region have been applied to other ancient orogenic belts leading not only to a better understanding of their development, but also of secular changes in collisional processes. As more advanced methodologies are introduced and utilized in geological research, the type, scale, and quality of data available enable quantification of geological processes not previously possible. These complex and robust datasets now form the core of many of the research projects undertaken across the Himalaya and continue to provide unprecedented insight into the myriad different aspects of the evolution of the collisional system. 相似文献
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Selection and Basic Properties of the Buffer Material for High-Level Radioactive Waste Repository in China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
WEN Zhijian 《《地质学报》英文版》2008,82(5):1050-1055
Radioactive wastes arising from a wide range of human activities are in many different physical and chemical forms, contaminated with varying radioactivity. Their common features are the potential hazard associated with their radioactivity and the need to manage them in such a way as to protect the human environment. The geological disposal is regarded as the most reasonable and effective way to safely disposing high-level radioactive wastes in the world. The conceptual model of geological disposal in China is based on a multi-barrier system that combines an isolating geological environment with an engineered barrier system. The buffer is one of the main engineered barriers for HLW repository. It is expected to maintain its low water permeability, self-sealing property, radio nuclides adsorption and retardation properties, thermal conductivity, chemical buffering property, canister supporting property, and stress buffering property over a long period of time. Bentonite is selected as the main content of buffer material that can satisfy the above requirements. The Gaomiaozi deposit is selected as the candidate supplier for China＇s buffer material of high level radioactive waste repository. This paper presents the geological features of the GMZ deposit and basic properties of the GMZ Na-bentonite. It is a super-large deposit with a high content of montmorillonite （about 75 %）, and GMZ-1, which is Na-bentonite produced from GMZ deposit is selected as the reference material for China＇s buffer material study. 相似文献
10.
WuHongling YinXiulan 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2003,14(4):330-338
This article gives a mechanical model, in which the layers of lithosphere are assumed to be the creep materials, to study the coupling mechanism of a syn-basin-mountain system quantitatively by using the numerical simulating method. A geological dynamic extensional mode given by some geologists is theoretically discussed and verified. The study shows that lithosphere thickening or thinning is closely related to the thermal activity, or in other words, thermal convection beneath the lithosphere. It is one of the important factors affecting the formation of the basin-mountain coupling system. As an essential condition, only the upward buoyant force and the horizontal dragging force caused by the thermal convection jointly act on the bottom of the lithosphere, the stress and strain states in rock‘‘s layers are advantageous to forming the tectonic-landforms of the basin-mountain coupling system. A study on the creep features of the lithosphere shows that the stress and strain in the rock‘‘s layers vary with time when the lasting forces act on the boandary. They increase rapidly at initial stage and decrease steadily after reaching the peak value. Phenomena of stress relaxation are significant for studying the tectonic evolution. 相似文献
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燕山运动造成了本区基底构造的基本轮廓—北东向雁列式隆起与拗陷。老第三纪至新第三纪为内陆湖盆扩大时期,早更新世初期出现北京海湾,其后逐步发展为今天地理上的“北京湾”。本文概略地描述了这一古地理演化过程及同生断裂的发育与北京平原地区古地理演化的关系,并指出研究全新世以来古地理演化趋势的重要意义。 相似文献
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西部干旱区内陆河流域脆弱生态环境研究进展——以新疆塔里木河流域为例 总被引：28，自引：1，他引：28
干旱区内陆河流域的脆弱生态环境是在长期的演变过程中形成的。人类对自然资源，特别是水资源的不合理利用，加剧了脆弱生态环境的演变过程，影响了干旱区的生态安全。从国内外脆弱生态环境研究进展状况以及以塔里木河流域为典型代表的干旱区内陆河流域自然地理特征分析中，揭示了脆弱生态环境的特征及演变规律。近一个世纪以来，人们针对内陆河流域的人与环境问题、水资源问题（包括水文地质、水资源变化特征、水环境变化特征）、气候以及自然地理学领域做了大量的研究工作。随着国家西部发展战略的逐步实施，干旱区内陆河流域将成为西部地区重要的资源开发与经济发展潜力巨大的地区。 相似文献
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对土壤地质环境开展监测是一项重要的工作。在布设土壤监测点时,经济合理的土壤监测密度是一个必须要解决的科学问题。本文利用空间自相关理论,对保定—沧州地区土壤地质环境监测点网络密度进行了研究。结果显示,在保定—沧州地区,64km2/个土壤监测点的土壤地质环境监测密度能有效保留土壤地球化学环境信息。 相似文献
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GEOSCIENCE DIVISION OF CHINESE ACADEMY 《地球科学进展》1991,6(3):1-25
一、目的 地学包括地质学、地理学、地球物理学、地球化学、大气科学、海洋科学,以及环境科学、空间科学、生态学和资源问题的一部分,其中大部分是自然科学中最早形成的一些学科,有着悠久的发展历史;而另有一些则是由于当代技术发展和人类面临要解决的重大问题的需要而应运产生的新学科。所有这些学科和它们的若干分支在当代都有着蓬勃的发展,起着越来越大的作用。 相似文献
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文章通过对玉蟾岩遗址出土的大量微体螺类的种类及生态类型研究,详细了解它们在不同文化层中生态类型及数量上的变化,找出它们在遗址中的分布和变化规律,并根据这种规律对生活在该洞穴的人类行为及其生活环境进行了综合研究。研究结果表明:1)玉蟾岩遗址不同时期的文化层中,同时具备淡水和陆生两种类型的微体螺类,而且陆生螺类在文化层中自下而上是连续存在的,说明该遗址包含陆生螺类的古土壤始终发育着。因此古人在此生活期间,洞穴中不具备静水沉积环境;而且文化层中发现的淡水螺类不是洞穴内固有的生物,是伴随着人类的活动从外面带入的。2)在遗址的西部,淡水螺类大量增加,该处是古人在此洞穴生活时经常聚集的场所。3)12000年的玉蟾岩遗址区,正处于末次冰期的升温期,温度不断上升,水域面积不断扩大,适宜大量的动植物繁殖,给古人类在此生息繁衍提供了良好的生活环境。 相似文献
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文章讨论了人类圈、智慧圈、人类世及其关系。作为独立地球圈层的人类圈是以人类为自然实体的地球圈层,它是由需求圈、技术圈和思维圈构成的统一整体,它的研究拓宽和加深了人们对地球以及地球科学概念的理解,对推动人地关系的协同共进有着重要的意义。智慧圈强调智力在现代地球演变中的巨大作用,这是重要的,但狭义智慧圈只是人类圈的一个构成部分,而广义智慧圈则是人类地球的一种可能的未来状态。人类世强调人类在地质和生态中的核心作用,这也是重要的,但作为新的地质时代,它是否能在科学上站得住脚,还需要进行论证。 相似文献
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福建沿海地区芦柑的地质环境适宜性评价 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过福建省沿海地区不同地质环境区芦柑果实、叶片、果园土壤营养元素含量的对比，在芦柑品质评判、土壤和叶片营养诊断的基础上，分析了影响芦柑品质和产量的地貌、地质、地球化学因素。认为农作物营养平衡是制约农产品品质、产量的主要因素，而地质地球化学环境是影响农作物营养平衡的主要因素，其中土壤pH值偏低和ca等元素缺乏对芦柑品质影响最大。提出了优质高产芦柑果园土壤营养元素全量的诊断标准。土壤pH值偏低和ca等元素缺乏问题对柑橘生产的影响可以通过土壤改良、合理施肥加以解决。 相似文献
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宜宾江安桐梓镇土地整理区耕地土壤重金属含量及评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
土壤重金属污染问题已成为环境问题中备受关注的一个焦点,而重金属污染严重的土壤会影响到农作物产量的质量和安全性,进而对人类自身健康造成一定危害。这里以地质地球化学调查填图为基础,以土壤采样分析成果为依据,以地球化学研究方法为手段,查明了桐梓镇土地整理区耕地土壤重金属元素含量特征和分布现状,为当地无公害食品等农业生产基地优选,农业种植结构调整等方面,提供了翔实的地球化学方面的基础资料。 相似文献