共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
A hydrodynamic study of a coastal karstic aquifer is attempted by analyzing the effect of sea-tide on its water table Under
certain conditions, this approach, which involves quite easy data processing, may yield the hydrodynamic parameters of the
aquifers, diffusivity, in particular. The aquifer involved here is the Kras of Slovenia, Yugoslavia, which is bounded on one
side by the Adriatic Sea (Bay of Trst)Kras is the Slovenian word from which the wordkarst originates
The Kras aquifer is located in a thick carbonate sequence (Cretaceous) with an anticline structure. This sequence outcrops
and is affected by opened vertical fractures. The geological setting could suggest a free groundwater with negligible piezometric
variations with respect to the thickness of the carbonate sequence
The study was carried out by the identification of observed data (fluctuations of the water table) and computed data under
various assumptions (confined, semi-confined, free groundwater). The best fit is obtained when considering a groundwater with
semi-confined behavior, which, of course, does not agree with the geological setting of the Kras
However, this behavior can be justified by the fact that an important karstification occurred below the existing sea-level
during the Quaternary and Tertiary marine recessions, creating diffusive zones in lower parts of the saturated karst it should
be noted that similar situations must prevail in all the peri-Mediterranean karsts as they too were affected by the Quaternary
and Tertiary recessions 相似文献
2.
The Mamora aquifer, in the northern Moroccan Meseta, constitutes the main regional water resource. Its impermeable basement is mostly composed of blue marls. The lithostratigraphy of the basin aquifer is characterised by a sequence of sandstones, sandy limestones, conglomerates and sandy clays.The structure of the basement of the Mamora aquifer, deduced from electrical resistivity measurements, allowed the hydrogeological behaviour of the reservoir, and the direction of the groundwater flow, to be established. The combination of the lithological, morphological, piezometric, geophysical and structural investigations revealed a northward thickening of the substrate with groundwater flow towards the Rharb (to the north) and towards the Atlantic Ocean (northwest). This ‘multicriteria’ approach enabled a structural model to be defined, which correlated well with the aquifer geometry and the groundwater flow. The variability of the hydrogeological units, and the northward thickening of the sedimentary facies, were controlled by northeast-southwest orientated faults, which affect their impermeability. 相似文献
3.
Hassen Ouelhazi Fethi Lachaal Abdelkrim Charef Bilel Challouf Habib Chaieb Faten Jarraya Horriche 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2014,7(10):4407-4421
Korba aquifer is one of the most typical examples of overexploited coastal aquifer in the Mediterranean countries. In fact, from 1985, a considerable piezometric level drop, water salinization, and seawater intrusion were registered in the aquifer. In December 2008, Tunisian authorities initiated a general plan to groundwater management in order to augment groundwater resources, restore the piezometric levels, and improve water quality. The plan consists of artificial recharge of groundwater used treated wastewater through three infiltration basins. During the first 4 years (from December 2008 to December 2012), 1.41 Mm3 of treated wastewater was injected to the Korba aquifer. This study presents a hydrogeological assessment of groundwater evolution during the recharge processes. In this study, 32 piezometric and chemical surveys of 70 piezometers and observed wells are used to present hydrogeological investigation and water quality evolution of wastewater reuse through artificial recharge in Korba coastal aquifer. The piezometric evolution maps are used to specify the positive effect in groundwater level that exceeding 1.5 m in some regions. The interpretation of salinity evolution maps are used to indicate the improving of groundwater quality. 相似文献
4.
5.
Mouez Gouasmia Houyem Khorchani Abdelkader Mhamdi Ferid Dhahri Mohamed Soussi 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(24):786
An integrated hydrogeological investigation involving geological surface data, well data (lithostratigraphical and piezometric data) and the vertical electrical sounding (VES) method was carried out in Tataouine area, Southern Tunisia to characterize the hydrogeology and the geochemistry of the Krachoua Formation aquifer. The electrical data were used to differentiate lithostratigraphic units and characterize their hydrogeological potentialities. Major elements contents within groundwater samples were assessed and some plots and diagrams have been established in order to investigate the hydrochemical properties of this aquifer and the origin of its mineralization. The Krachoua aquifer exhibits a general drawdown of the piezometric level from 2004 to 2015 reflecting a dramatic decrease in groundwater resources due to increased groundwater abstraction during the last decades. Flow directions shows that the recharge of this aquifer considered as a free aquifer is directly ensured by rainfalls over the outcropping fractured limestones. The geometry of the Krachoua Formation aquifer is tectonically controlled and structured in horst and graben features that impacted greatly the hydrogeology and the hydrodynamics of the area. Subsequent thickness and facies variations within this aquifer influenced the reservoir quality and the groundwater flows. The increased values of salinity to the northwest of the study area seems to be mainly related to the dissolution of the Upper Liassic gypsum of Mestaoua Formation which outcrops widely and can be dissolute easily by meteoric water and contaminate the Krachoua aquifer. This fact is also supported by the sulfated and calci-magnesian chloride facies of this aquifer related to the dissolution of evaporitic rocks (gypsum, anhydrite, and halite). However low salinity values are recorded within the zone where these evaporitic rocks are relatively deep. 相似文献
6.
Toulier Alix Lachassagne Patrick Hendrayana Heru Fadillah Arif Jourde Hervé 《Hydrogeology Journal》2022,30(6):1917-1931
Artesian aquifers offer interesting opportunities for water supply by providing a low-vulnerability groundwater resource that is easily abstracted without any installation of pumps or power supply costs. However, hydraulic tests are challenging to perform, notably where the piezometric head is above ground level with free-flowing wells not equipped with valves and open for years. This paper describes a low-cost, easy to reproduce and adaptable device, the free-flowing artesian well device (FFAWD), which is mainly designed with a set of PVC tubes equipped with a pressure probe and a valve. This device is used to perform hydraulic tests on free-flowing artesian wells, to measure the piezometric head of the aquifer and to compute its transmissivity. The practical use of the FFAWD is described and a method is proposed to compute the piezometric head and the transmissivity of the aquifer from this data set (free-flowing well discharge and pressure increase measurements) with any adapted analytical solution, using the Houpeurt-Pouchan method. Artefacts such as post-production effects, surge effects, and the impact of a leaky well are identified to avoid any misinterpretation. The FFAWD was applied to the volcano-sedimentary artesian plain of Pasuruan (Indonesia). The advantages and limitations of using the device, along with the interpretation methodology, are also discussed.
相似文献7.
Antonio González-Ramón Manuel López-Chicano Juan Carlos Rubio-Campos 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2012,67(3):923-937
A small karst aquifer of great structural complexity has been subjected to significant resource withdrawal over recent decades. This exploitation aroused social conflict due to the effect it has had on emblematic springs. This research has analysed piezometric data collected over the course of 12 years and the spatial hydrochemical data supplied by the main water points associated with it. The spatial and temporal evolution of the main chemical species in the groundwater and the hydrogeochemical processes affecting them have been studied, modelling them with the programme PHREEQC. These data suggest a complicated model of hydrogeological function with sectors storing water at different depths and connected to each other locally as determined by the geological structure. 相似文献
8.
海岸带咸淡水界面位置确定方法的介绍 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Ghyben-Herzberg公式依赖潜水位确定海岸带咸淡水界面位置,被广泛应用但存在误差。Hubbert公式严格描述突变界面问题的水头和界面位置之间的关系,但在实际中难以应用。通过考察咸淡水界面之下咸水带任意点的压力平衡关系和咸水带及淡水带任意点的水头描述得知,当地下水流处于稳定状态且满足Dupuit假设时,可以根据同一垂直线上界面之下咸水带任意点(含界面)的咸水测压水头和界面之上淡水带任意点(自潜水面至界面)的淡水测压水头确定滨海均质各向同性潜水含水层咸淡水界面的位置。Ghyben-Herzberg公式是这一方法的特例,描述界面位置的Hubbert公式也是该方法的一个特例。这一方法需要两个相邻的分别揭露淡水带和咸水带的测压孔。 相似文献
9.
Usama Abu Risha Sayed Mosaad El Sayed El Abd Abdel Mohsen Hasanein 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(21):461
The groundwater extracted from the unconfined Quaternary aquifer is the main source of water supply in El-Tur area. The area is bounded from the east by the elevated basement complex of Southern Sinai and from the west by El-Qabaliyat Ridge. The wadis dissecting these highlands form effective watersheds of the Quaternary aquifer. These wadis form areas of focused recharge. Recharge also occurs directly via the Quaternary sediments covering El-Qaa Plain. Subsurface lateral groundwater flow from the fractured basement contributes significant recharge to the aquifer as well. The aquifer sediment facies affect the type and quality of groundwater. In the eastern part where the aquifer is composed mainly of gravel and coarse sand with fragments of weathered basement, the Na-Cl-SO4 water dominates. In the west where the facies change is rapid and complex, many water types arise. The base exchange index (BEX) is positive in this part reflecting the role of clay minerals in changing the water types via cation exchange. In the east where clays are insignificant in the aquifer, the BEX is negative. In the western part next to El-Qabaliyat Ridge, the wells discharging from the calcareous sand zone have low groundwater salinities compared to the wells discharging from the alluvium. In general, the groundwater salinity increases in the direction of groundwater flow from the northeast to the southwest which reflects the dissolution of aquifer sediments. The concentration relationships between the major ions on one hand and chloride on the other reflect the dissolution of calcium carbonates, precipitation of K- and Mg-bearing minerals, and cation exchange of Ca for Na on clay minerals. The hydrochemical models support these reactions. In addition, they show that the effect of evaporation on the recharge water in the western catchment is about four times its effect on the eastern recharge water which reflects the rapid recharge through the wadis draining the fractured basement. Moreover, the contribution from the eastern catchment in sample No. 23 is more than four-folds the contribution from the western recharge area. The stable isotopes (2H and 18O) show that the Quaternary aquifer is recharging from recent rainfall. However, upward leakage of Paleogene groundwater (depleted in 18O) also occurs. The groundwater level map shows strong overpumping impact especially in the areas close to El-Tur city. 相似文献
10.
Recovery scenarios for deep over-exploited aquifers with limited recharge: methodology and application to an aquifer in Belgium 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Recharge of deep-seated aquifers must be provided through leakage from overlying geological formations and can be very limited.
Although hydraulic characteristics of these aquifers may be favorable for extensive exploitation, the renewability of the
groundwater resource may be very restricted and only significant on long time scales. Over-exploitation of such aquifers leads
to steadily declining piezometric levels and water balancing and steady state conditions are not to be expected on the short
term. Recovery of such systems is very difficult, also because of the socio-economic dependencies of the water resource and
the long time it requires to replenish the system. Management plans for restoration should be based on the transient hydrodynamical
behaviour. A recovery plan should be developed based on results of a groundwater flow model. In a first step must be simulated
how long it will take for the aquifer system to fully recover by natural recharge. As this will most often be a very long
time it can be cancelled out as a realistic scenario. An alternative objective is to be formulated which could be achieved
in the near future on a time scale of years or decades. Using model simulations, reduction schemes of exploitation rates shall
be quantified that will allow to reach these defined goals, such as raising piezometric levels above the top of the aquifer
itself or above the top of the overlying geological unit. The methodology is illustrated with an example of a deep hard rock
aquifer in Belgium where piezometric levels have dropped below the top. The objective here was to raise the levels again above
the top within the next 50 years. However, this is not accomplished by balancing aquifer recharge and discharge, but is reached
by a lateral redistribution of the water over the aquifer extent. A full recovery of this aquifer would require at least a
century with only a very limited amount of exploitation. 相似文献
11.
福州温泉区地下热水开采与水位动态响应研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
地下热水是一种极其宝贵的资源，然而长时间的过量开采，使资源濒临枯竭，同时还会产生一系列的环境负效应。福州温泉区蕴藏着丰富的地下热水，多年开采，水位不断下降，已使部分泉消失。针对这一状况，笔者对福州温泉区地下双层热储层——第四系孔隙热储层及下伏基岩裂隙热储层中热水的赋存条件，补给与排泄条件，开采的历史与现状，热储层历年地下水位动态变化特征及漏斗展布状况进行了详细的对比分析与研究。研究结果显示第四系孔隙热储层北部抽水漏斗较深，南部补给相对充分而漏斗不明显，经过10a的变化漏斗中心最大变化幅度为7．6m；基岩裂隙热储层出现南北2个漏斗，10a间漏斗中心水位最大变化幅度为12．61m。表明随着开采的进行，地下热水水位在持续性下降，热资源在逐渐流失。指出加强地热资源开采量监控及建立比较完善的地热资源管理系统的迫切性，以实现资源的合理利用和可持续发展。 相似文献
12.
Impacts of irrigation with treated wastewater effluents on soils and groundwater aquifer in the vicinity of Sidi Abid Region
(Tunisia) are evaluated. The groundwater aquifer was monitored by several piezometers, where monthly water levels were registered
and groundwater salinity was evaluated. This resulted in characterizing the spatial and temporal evolution of the hydrochemical
and hydrodynamic properties of the aquifer, showing thereby the impact of artificial recharge. Piezometric maps for pre-recharge
and post-recharge situations were developed and a comparison study of both piezometric situations was considered. The piezometric
evolution map showed a generalized rise of the piezometric level in the vicinity of the irrigation zone. The extent of recharge
was shown to increase with time as the groundwater level increase, which was localized in the vicinity of the irrigation area,
reached more extended zones. Several groundwater samples were withdrawn from wells and piezometers and analyzed. Examining
the corresponding physical and chemical parameters showed an increase in the concentrations of nutrients (28 mg/l for NO3 and 3.97 mg/l for NH4) in the groundwater aquifer below the irrigation zone, which confirms again the infiltration of treated wastewater effluents.
The evolution of soil salinity was examined through chemical analysis of soil samples. Electric conductivities of soils were
generally shown to be less than 4 mS/cm while the irrigation water has an electric conductivity that may reach 6.63 mS/cm.
This might be explained by the phenomenon of dilution and the capacity of soils to evacuate salts downward. 相似文献
13.
14.
文章从一维地下水运动和渗透力学的角度,分析比较潜水位上升与承压水位下降对岩溶地区透—阻型盖层中阻水层渗透稳定性的影响,重点讨论了承压水位下降速度(降速)与下降深度（降深）对阻水层中渗透坡降的影响,结果表明:地下水位变化（潜水位上升或承压水位下降）产生的非稳定渗流不利于岩溶洞穴开口上方阻水层的稳定,承压水位的下降对岩溶开口附近处阻水层中渗透力的影响远大于潜水位的变化;在承压层水位最大降深确定的条件下,承压水位下降速度愈快,岩溶开口附近处阻水层中向下渗透力愈大。因此,在覆盖型岩溶地区抽取地下水时,为了减缓或避免覆盖型塌陷的发生,应同时控制好最大降深和最大开采速度。 相似文献
15.
Fethi Lachaal Ammar Mlayah Makram Anane Mourad Bédir Jamila Tarhouni Christian Leduc 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2013,6(7):2655-2671
In arid and semi-arid regions, the groundwater overexploitation caused drawdown in piezometric levels and a degradation of chemical water quality. That is why the groundwater monitoring needs a good comprehension of the hydrogeological aquifer properties. This is specially the case of Zéramdine–Béni Hassen deep aquifer (east-central Tunisia). Seismic profiles interpretation highlights the existence of the Zéramdine fault corridor, the Boumerdès anticline, the Moknine and Mahdia grabens that represent lateral boundaries for the study aquifer. The outcrop of the aquifer is located in the Zéramdine, Béni Hassen and Ain Ben Jannet regions, where two lithostratigraphic sections were realized. The piezometric study shows that the principal groundwater flow is from west to east. A secondary flow is from NW to SE. The hydrochemical study of 22 sample shows that the aquifer is characterized by freshwater, dominated by Na–Ca–Cl–SO4 facies. The salinity increase is from the west to the east, which coincides with the principal water flow direction. The integration of all results deduced from the hydrogeophysic, hydrodynamic and hydrochemical studies is developed to investigate hydrological processes of Zéramdine–Béni Hassen aquifer and consequently to propose a conceptual model, which will help to propose a rescue plan for the studied aquifer and to implement a spatial hydrogeological database using the global information system and then to characterize the complex aquifer system. 相似文献
16.
Interacting tectonics,hydrogeology and karst processes in an intramontane basin: the Jiloca graben (NE Spain) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Jiloca basin is a NNW–SSE trending, Neogene-Quaternary graben in NE Spain, bounded by normal faults with measurable hectometre-scale throws. Its overall trend truncates previous NW–SE folds. The sedimentary infilling includes Neogene and Quaternary deposits, exceeding 80 m in thickness. The stratigraphical and structural setting controls hydrogeology of the basin. Neogene marls constitute an aquiclude that separates a main Jurassic karstic, confined aquifer from a shallow, unconfined Plio-Quaternary aquifer. The Jurassic aquifer is laterally compartmented by impervious Upper Triassic anticline cores, though its piezometric surface usually lies 30–60 m higher than the Mesozoic-Neogene boundary. The geological, and specifically the hydrogeological features are not significantly compatible with a previously published hypothesis that considers the Jiloca depression as a polje (in which the final topography is the result of suballuvial karstic corrosion) for three reasons. First, the hypothetical corrosion front shows neither a specific relationship with the epiphreatic zone, nor control by the local presence of impervious Triassic rocks. Second, chemistry of groundwater at the underlying Jurassic aquifer would not allow limestone dissolution at rates necessary for producing the supposed erosion deepening of 300 m since the late Pliocene. Finally, no evidence of swallow holes or ponors has been found. 相似文献
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18.
Ismail Chenini Abdallah Ben Mammou Mohamed Moncef Turki Eric Mercier 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2010,3(1):41-47
The knowledge of piezometric data is of vast interest in many applications, such as assessing groundwater flow direction and identifying recharge zone of the aquifer. In this paper, a methodology is presented as a complementary approach to characterize multilayered aquifer system structure and functioning using piezometric data and the cartography of the hydraulic charge difference. The methodology is presented to gradually discriminate the aquifer system levels and to evaluate the spatial distribution of hydraulic heads. The hydraulic charge difference mapping permits to track spatial evolution of the impermeable levels. The methodology has been applied over the Maknassy basin aquifer system, located in central Tunisia. The obtained results, showing the multilayered aquifer structure, are validated using hydrochemical approach and piezometric data not considered in the reasoning. 相似文献
19.
煤炭开采后峰峰矿区奥陶系岩溶水硫酸盐演化过程研究 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
文章运用水化学和同位素水文学等手段,寻求奥陶系岩溶水硫酸盐演化过程的“指纹”,通过不同含水层间水化学、稳定同位素差异的比对,分析其与上覆含水层间的水力联系和硫动力分馏过程,阐述采矿活动影响下峰峰矿区奥陶系岩溶水硫酸盐的演化过程。研究结果表明:煤矿开采后,峰峰矿区奥陶系岩溶水硫酸盐含量普遍增高,演化特征呈现多样性,存在多种硫动力分馏过程。分馏动力主要来自矿坑水和孔隙水通过导水裂隙的渗漏（越流）补给,以及脱白云石化过程中自身蒸发岩矿物（石膏）的溶解。 相似文献
20.
银根-额济纳旗盆地天草凹陷构造-沉积体系演化及油气成藏条件分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
天草凹陷位于银根—额济纳旗盆地白垩纪断陷盆地群的西北部,经历了早白垩世断陷发生、发展阶段,晚白垩世坳陷阶段,第三纪到第四纪挤压抬升等主要的构造演化发展阶段。其中,第一阶段是形成盆地沉积建造的主要时期,沉积了2000～3000m的早白垩世沉积,其间经历了两次大的湖侵、湖退过程,对应沉积了两套浅湖-半深湖相烃源岩和扇三角洲相砂体。天草凹陷油源、储层、保存、圈闭配套匹配以及油气运聚等油气成藏条件好,用类比法和盆地模拟法计算的凹陷总资源量的期望值为0.89亿吨。下白垩统巴音戈壁组上部是主要的含油层系,位于凹陷东西两侧的巴勒断阶带、哈尔构造带是天草凹陷油气勘探的重要领域。 相似文献