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1.
花岗岩-伟晶岩型锂铍矿床是锂铍矿床的重要类型。关于锂铍金属在源区花岗质岩浆形成过程的富集机制，岩石学家和矿床学家多强调锂铍花岗岩-伟晶岩的母花岗岩（淡色花岗岩）源于变沉积岩的白云母熔融，但实验岩石学显示白云母熔融其熔体量小（<10vol%）、熔体从岩石中提取锂铍的效率低。这意味着白云母熔融形成花岗质岩浆过程锂铍金属富集机制可能不是花岗质岩浆获取锂铍的主要机制。基于黑云母熔融可以获得大体积熔体（可达50vol%）的实验结果，指出变杂砂岩（黑云母片麻岩）与含黑云母的英云闪长质片麻岩部分熔融形成的黑云母花岗质高温岩浆（>800℃）其结晶形成黑云母花岗岩并可分异演化为淡色花岗岩与锂铍花岗岩-伟晶岩、并构成高温花岗岩-伟晶岩锂铍成矿系统，是花岗岩-伟晶岩型锂铍矿床形成的重要成矿系统，其特征与形成机制值得进一步研究。黑云母脱水熔融过程残留相没有富含锂铍矿物的形成，新形成的花岗质岩浆可以高效地从源岩中获取锂铍金属，是一种新的锂铍富集机制。研究团队于2018年率先进入阿尔金中段无人区开展稀有金属成矿作用的地质调查与考察。经过两年的野外地质调查，新发现2个中-大型花岗伟晶岩型锂铍矿（吐格曼铍锂矿与吐格曼北锂铍矿）和塔什萨依金绿宝石矿，发现大量的黑云母花岗岩、二云母花岗岩与伟晶岩，指出这些淡色花岗岩与伟晶岩成因于黑云母花岗岩的分异演化并构成高温花岗岩-伟晶岩锂铍成矿系统，初步构建花岗岩-伟晶岩锂铍成矿系统的3种组构类型，初步揭示吐格曼铍锂矿与吐格曼北锂铍矿形成于468~460Ma，为加里东期锂铍伟晶岩区。阿尔金中段高温花岗岩-伟晶岩系统成矿特征显示：1）高温黑云母花岗质岩浆可以通过连续的分异结晶形成从下往上依次分带、垂向叠置的系统（组构A），即从黑云母花岗岩到二云母花岗岩、白云母花岗岩与钠长花岗岩、及从近岩体的电气石带到依次远离岩体的绿柱石带、锂辉石带和锂云母带。组构A锂铍伟晶岩的分带与传统的淡色花岗岩-伟晶岩系统中锂铍伟晶岩的分带相似。2）在剪切构造背景下，花岗岩的分异结晶形成从外到里依次为糜棱岩化黑云母花岗岩、二云母花岗岩与白云母花岗岩的环状岩体，而金绿宝石钠长花岗岩从环状岩体中穿出、并向外演化为金绿宝石伟晶岩、绿柱石伟晶岩和锂辉石伟晶岩，金绿宝石钠长花岗岩与金绿宝石伟晶岩的发育是此组构（组构B）的显著特征。3）在强挤压与剪切构造背景下，黑云母花岗岩呈片麻状，伴生的伟晶岩为二云母花岗质伟晶岩、顺围岩片麻理发育、无锂铍矿化。这些特征给我们一些重要启示：即构造动力作用影响与控制岩浆的结晶分异方式，金绿宝石可形成于高温花岗岩-伟晶岩锂铍成矿系统，形成于岩浆分异与演化低程度阶段的低分异花岗伟晶岩不成矿。 相似文献
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卡鲁安锂辉石矿床位于新疆阿尔泰哈龙-青河稀有金属矿带、柯鲁木特-吉得克伟晶岩矿集区,赋存于中-上志留统库鲁木提群(红柱石、矽线石、堇青石、十字石)黑云母石英片岩中,以650号、807号、806号矿体规模最大,矿体主要有用组分为锂,锂资源量已达大型规模。在矿区内测制的5条土壤(植物)地球化学剖面表明,Li-Nb-Ta-Bi-Cs-Hf异常与伟晶岩脉的套合性好,植物化探显示的局部异常优于土壤化探。矿区岩矿石之间存在较明显的电阻率差异,矿体表现的异常特征是中高电阻率、高极化率,是本次音频大地电磁测深(AMT)工作的物性前提。施工的4条AMT剖面表明,AMT测量对卡鲁安矿区构造、伟晶岩脉的延伸、深部盲脉或覆盖区伟晶岩脉的预测有一定的指示作用,尤其是对已有矿体深部成矿预测效果较好。采用地球化学测量和遥感蚀变信息圈定异常区,通过地质填图、路线调查寻找矿体(脉),物化探剖面测量定位或寻找矿脉、电阻率法预测延深、槽探揭露圈定矿(脉)体和深部工程验证估算资源量等伟晶岩型锂、稀有金属矿综合勘查技术方法体系是新疆稀有金属找矿勘查工作的有效手段,在卡鲁安地区锂找矿工作中应用效果显著,不仅为进一步找矿突破提供技术支持,也对类似矿床的找矿工作具有一定的借鉴意义。 相似文献
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新疆阿尔泰造山带中伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床成矿 规律、找矿模型及其找矿方向 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
文章对阿尔泰造山带中的主要伟晶岩类型、时空分布特征、形成物源以及稀有金属矿化类型、形成条件(包括温度、压力、侵位深度)、可能控制因素等进行了归纳和总结,进而提出了阿尔泰伟晶岩成因模式、稀有金属矿化机制、伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床找矿模型及其找矿方向。阿尔泰稀有金属伟晶岩显示2个期次(同造山和后造山)和4个阶段(泥盆纪—早石炭世、二叠纪、三叠纪、早侏罗世)的成岩成矿特征。其中,以后造山阶段的三叠纪伟晶岩成岩及其Be、Li成矿作用最为显著。不同期次和阶段的伟晶岩显示规律的时空分布特征,稀有金属伟晶岩的成岩成矿明显受"构造-变质-物源-岩浆"的控制,而伟晶岩与周边花岗岩存在时代或物源上的解耦,表明阿尔泰伟晶岩不是由花岗质岩浆分异演化晚期的残余岩浆固结形成,由此提出阿尔泰不同时代伟晶岩的成因模式,即造山过程中加厚的不成熟地壳物质在伸展减压背景下发生小比例部分熔融(深熔)形成独立伟晶岩。通过对形成伟晶岩初始岩浆中磷含量、伟晶岩分异演化程度的评价以及基于围岩蚀变过程中全岩及蚀变矿物电气石中稀有金属Li、Rb、Cs含量特征,建立了阿尔泰伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床找矿模型、地质-地球化学找矿指标体系,并提出不同尺度的找矿方向。 相似文献
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喜马拉雅淡色花岗岩带伟晶岩的富铍成矿特点及向更高处找锂 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
喜马拉雅淡色花岗岩作为新识别的稀有金属成矿区带,已发现以Be-Nb-Ta(Sn-W)组合为主矿化且已形成大型矿床,如错那洞,但仅在为数不多的几处伟晶岩见到锂辉石,尚未发现工业锂矿床.因此,有必要剖析该区伟晶岩成矿(尤其Be同Li的对比)特点、条件及可能潜力,并与国内其他稀有金属矿带进行对比分析,从而推动喜马拉雅伟晶岩稀有金属矿床尤其是锂矿的发现.该区伟晶岩母体淡色花岗岩与华南稀有金属矿化花岗岩类似,显示高的分异程度但较窄的演化区间,并且熔体具有高的Li浓度.在印亚大陆碰撞带复杂的构造-变质-深熔作用下产生了多期次的岩浆活动,尤其新喜马拉雅期巨量的岩浆可为伟晶岩的形成、远距离迁移分异及成矿提供有利的热和物质基础.基于含Li伟晶岩形成于"远"母体、"高"海拔的特点,提出区域构造层位的上部或更高海拔地区以及淡色花岗岩岩体外侧远端的围岩内将可能是含锂伟晶岩的就位空间与找矿重点地段. 相似文献
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中亚成矿域发育一系列锂矿床,这些矿床主要分布在西伯利亚克拉通南部的造山带中,矿床的形成具有多期性,包括前寒武纪(1.85~1.83Ga)、晚寒武世-早奥陶世(494~483Ma)、早二叠世(294~272Ma)、晚三叠世-早白垩世(220~180Ma)和早白垩世(139~121Ma)等5个成矿期,矿床类型主要为伟晶岩型和花岗岩型。基于成矿构造背景和锂成矿特征的研究,以重要构造线为界,将成矿域划分为2个成矿省和7个成矿带:(1)阿尔泰-东萨彦成矿省,位于成矿域的西部,包括阿尔泰、桑吉伦高地和东萨彦等3个成矿带,主要发育伟晶岩型锂矿床,成矿作用集中在上述前4个成矿期,矿床形成与西伯利亚克拉通和古亚洲洋2个构造体系有关。(2)蒙古-鄂霍茨克成矿省,位于成矿域的东部,包括东外贝加尔成矿带以及Gobi Ugtaal-Baruun Urt和大兴安岭等2个锂远景成矿带,主要发育早白垩世花岗岩型锂矿床,矿床形成主要与蒙古-鄂霍次克构造体系有关。此外,在中国东天山发育少量晚三叠世伟晶岩型锂矿床,构成东天山锂远景成矿带,矿床形成与哈萨克斯坦-准噶尔板块和塔里木板块碰撞有关。中亚成矿域稀有金属花岗岩和大多数稀有金属伟晶岩为花岗质岩浆高分异结晶的产物,其结晶分异的驱动机制主要是热驱动。富含稀有金属的花岗岩和伟晶岩岩浆的形成温度偏低(~650℃),压力变化较大(500~170MPa);锂富集机理为岩浆结晶分异作用和流体不混溶作用。本次研究分别提出了阿尔泰伟晶岩型锂矿床的成矿模式“地壳熔融→深部花岗岩岩基→浅部稀有金属花岗岩岩枝-伟晶岩岩脉”和东外贝加尔花岗岩型锂矿床的成矿模式“地壳熔融→深部花岗岩岩基→浅部花岗岩-稀有金属花岗岩岩株”。 相似文献
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四川甲基卡锂矿床为超大型锂矿床,矿区南部呈岩株状产出的二云母花岗岩与稀有金属伟晶岩在时间、空间及成因上具有密切关系。通过对该岩体元素地球化学特征和氢氧同位素组成的研究,探讨了其在稀有金属成矿过程中的作用。研究结果表明,甲基卡二云母花岗岩为富硅、高钾、钙碱性、强过铝质S型花岗岩,其稀土总量较低,岩浆来源为三叠系西康群砂泥岩为代表的地壳物质的部分熔融,流体来源可能是岩浆水和变质水的混合水。岩体微量元素R型聚类分析显示,与稀有金属成矿最密切的元素为Li、Rb、Ti、W、Mn,而岩体稀有元素含量的变化规律指示岩体北侧成矿效率高于南侧,是下一步找矿工作的重点。综合地球化学、氢氧同位素及前人研究,认为花岗岩浆在底辟侵入过程中可能发生了不混溶作用,由此分离出的伟晶岩浆在运移过程中稀有金属得到不断富集,最终形成伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床。 相似文献
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湖南仁里稀有金属矿田地质特征、成矿时代 及其找矿意义 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
仁里稀有金属矿田位于幕阜山岩体西南缘,是华南地区重要的稀有金属矿产地之一。文章旨在通过对区域成矿条件、矿田地质特征、地球化学特征、成岩成矿时代与稀有金属成矿作用的综合分析,为矿田勘查设计乃至华南地区稀有金属找矿与研究提供理论依据。在矿田范围内对燕山期、武陵期花岗岩及每个矿区代表性伟晶岩进行了系统采样,开展了岩石化学成分分析,同时对矿田内二云母二长花岗岩及锂辉石伟晶岩分别进行了锆石U-Pb、白云母Ar-Ar同位素定年。研究表明:①多期造山与燕山期陆内活化是成矿的有利地质背景,多阶段伸展作用导致幕阜山地区多期大规模的多金属成矿作用发生;②矿田构造主要以NE(或NNE)向构造为主,复合改造NW向及近EW向构造,NE(或NNE)向和NW(或近EW)向构造呈现立交桥式的构造格局,控制了花岗岩和伟晶岩分布;③矿田内伟晶岩属极高分异、富硅、过铝质花岗质岩石,燕山期花岗岩属陆壳改造"S型"花岗岩;④幕阜山岩体由岩体内接触带往岩体外接触带(10 km),由黑云母伟晶岩→二云母伟晶岩→白云母伟晶岩→锂云母伟晶岩→锂辉石白云母伟晶岩过渡,形成了较完整的稀有金属演化序列:无矿化→Be→Be+Nb+Ta→Be+Nb+Ta+Li→Be+Nb+Ta+Li+Cs;⑤稀有金属成矿与构造岩浆时空演化、构造组合、特别是岩浆的分异程度密切相关,矿田内燕山期花岗岩年龄139.3～146.2 Ma,稀有金属成矿年龄为130.5～130.8 Ma。 相似文献
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长安金矿位于哀牢山成矿带南段,是该成矿带上新近发现的又一大型金矿床。该区为哀牢山地体边缘地壳增生带,主要由深变质岩系组成,区内构造断裂发育,对岩浆活动和成矿作用有显著影响。本文总结了长安金矿的地质特征,并以该区的控矿断裂F6为主要研究目标,以地层岩性电性特征作为约束条件,分别展开了磁法、激电、瞬变电磁和大地电磁等综合物探手段的试验研究。研究结果表明,磁法对于该矿找矿效果不明显,瞬变电磁和大地电磁测深反演的电阻率低阻体,准确界定了控矿断裂F6的位置、倾向、断距以及深部延伸情况,通过激电异常可大致判断矿体的位置。所以在长安金矿区下一步的深部隐伏矿勘查中,结合瞬变电磁、激电、大地电磁等地球物理方法,辅以土壤化探异常进行约束,可以达到快速有效找矿之目的。 相似文献
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《西北地质》2015,(3)
哈龙-青河早古生代深成岩浆弧是新疆阿尔泰重要的稀有金属成矿带,带内分布多个大、中型稀有金属(锂铍、钽铌)矿床,赋矿伟晶岩时代主要集中于三叠纪(250~205Ma)和侏罗纪(200~180Ma)。其中哈龙-阿祖拜伟晶岩田中含矿伟晶岩主要由微斜长石型伟晶岩、微斜长石-钠长石型伟晶岩和钠长石-锂辉石型伟晶岩组成,伟晶岩类型及相关矿化依次出现4个水平分带,以Ⅱ带铍矿化和Ⅲ带锂矿化为特征。结合野外地质特征、成岩成矿时代及地球化学特征,认为哈龙-阿祖拜伟晶岩田稀有金属成矿为伟晶岩自身岩浆-热液演化的产物,伟晶岩初始岩浆可能与先期存在幔源物质的古老地壳物质部分熔融有关。 相似文献
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V. E. Zagorsky 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2016,471(1):1134-1139
The Durulgui granite?pegmatite system unites the Dedova Gora granite massif and pegmatite field with the Chalotskoe beryl deposit. New geochronological data on micas from porphyric biotite granites, fine-grained biotite granites, two-mica granites, and Be-bearing pegmatites are discussed. The plateau age of 128.5(±1.5)–131.2(±1.5) should be considered as indicating the formation time of the granite?pegmatite system as a whole. The age of the system implies the possibility of its formation owing to several magmatic pulses. This assumption concerns porphyric and fine-grained biotite granites and two-mica and muscovite granites, the contact between which is locally sharp. At the same time, the succession “two-mica granites → muscovite granites → granite?pegmatites → microcline pegmatites → microcline?albite pegmatites → albite pegmatites” demonstrates gradual facies transitions between rocks, which indicates their emplacement during a single magmatic pulse. 相似文献
12.
东昆仑造山带广泛出露三叠纪岩浆混合成因花岗岩，它们具有共同的特征：岩体成分变化大；花岗岩类岩石中富含镁铁质微粒包体（mafic microgranular enclave--MME）；不同岩性之间常常呈渐变过渡关系。同时，这些岩体无一例外都和代表下地壳的深变质岩共生，暗示岩浆就位于地壳深部。此外，东昆仑地区广泛发育基性侵入体，它们产在深变质岩中，或者与岩浆混合成因花岗岩类共生，暗示下地壳物质的部分熔融和岩浆混合成因花岗岩的形成有可能与基性岩浆底侵作用有关。笔者选择东昆仑加鲁河这一典型的岩浆混合成因花岗岩体为例，对其岩石学、地球化学、同位素地球化学等特征进行了详细研究，认为幔源岩浆底侵作用是这类岩体形成的直接原因，并对幔源岩浆底侵作用和岩浆混合成因花岗岩之间的成因联系以及幔源岩浆底侵作用在东昆仑造山带三叠纪地壳生长和构造演化中所起的重要作用进行了讨论，构建了加厚陆壳背景下的断离-底侵-混合-拆沉作用模型。 相似文献
13.
Gehad M. Saleh Mohamed M. ElGaly Mohamed A. Obeid 《中国地球化学学报》2008,27(1):9-20
Rare metal mineralization of Sn, Nb-Ta and W is encountered in the Gebel Dihmit area （GDA）, southeastern Aswan, Egypt. The mineralization is related to muscovite granites and their pegmatite derivatives. The pegmatites are divided into three types according to their main mineral assemblages： K-feldspar-muscovite-tourmaline, K-feldspar-albite-muscovite and albite-K-feldspar-lepidolite veins. Petrogenetic studies indicate that Sn and Nb-Ta mineralization extends from the late-magmatic stage to the pegmatite and hydrothermal stages of the （GDA） suite. The albite-K-feldspar-lepidolite granite is composed dominantly of albite, lepidolote, and quartz, with topaz, K-feldspar and amblygonite. The accessory minerals are zircon, monazite, pollucite, columbite-tantalite, microlite and Ta-rich cassiterite. Phenocrysts of quartz, topaz and K-feldspar contain abundant inclusions of albite laths and occasional lepidolite crystals along growth zones （snowball texture）, indicating simultaneous crystallization from a subsolvus, residual magma. The origin of the pegmatites is attributed to extreme differentiation by fractional crystallization of a granitic magma. The economic potential for rare metals was evaluated in the geochemical discrimination diagrams. Accordingly, some of the pegmatites are not only highly differentiated in terms of alkalis, but also the promising targets for small-scale Ta and, to a less extent, Sn. The pegmatites also provide the first example of Fe-Mn and Nb-Ta fractionation in successive generations of granites to cassiterite-bearing pegmatites, which perfectly ex- hibit similar fractionation trends established for primary columbite-tantalite in the corresponding categories of pegmatites. Uranium and Th of magmatic origin are indicated by the presence of thorite and allanite, whereas evidence of hydrothermal mineralization is the alteration of rock- foring minerals such as feldspar and the formation of secondary minerals such as uranophane.. 相似文献
14.
Geochemical Characteristics of Pb Isotope of High-Pressure Metamorphic Rocks and Foliated Granites from HP Unit of Tongbai-Dabie Orogenic Belt 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
ZhangLi ZhangHongfei ZhongZengqiu ZhangBenren WangLinsen 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2003,14(4):321-329
Whole-rock Pb isotopic compositions of the high-pressure (HP) metamorphic rocks, consisting of two-mica albite gneisses and eclogites, and foliated granites from the HP metamorphic unit of the Tongbai-Dabie orogenic belt are firstly reported in this paper. The results show that the tip metamorphic rocks in different parts of this orogenic belt have similar Pb isotopic compositions. The twomica albite gneisses have ^206 pb/^204 Pb=17. 657 -18. 168, ^207pb/^204 Pb=15. 318-15. 573,^ 208Pb/^204ob=38.315-38. 990, and the eclogites have ^206Pb/^204 Pb=17. 599 -18. 310, ^207Pb/^204 Pb=15. 465 -15. 615,^208Pb/^204Pb=37. 968-39. 143. The HP metamorphic rocks are characterized by upper crustal Pb isotopic composition. Although the Pb isotopic composition of the HP metamorphic rocks partly overlaps that of the ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic rocks, as a whole, the former is higher than the latter. The high radiogenic Pb isotopic composition for the HP metamorphic rocks confirms that the subducted Yangtze continental crust in the Tongbai-Dabie orogenic belt has the chemical structure of increasing radiogenic Pb isotopic composition from lower crust to upper crust. The foliated granites, intruded in the HP metamorphic rocks post the HP/UHP metamorphism, have ^206Pb/^204 Pb=17. 128- 17. 434,^207Pb/^204pb=15. 313-15. 422 and ^208Pb/^204Pb=37. 631-38. 122, which are obviously different from the Pb isotopic compositions of the HP metamorphic rocks but similar to those of the UHP metamorphic rocks and the foliated garnet-bearing granites in the UHP unit. This shows that the foliated granites from the HP and UHP units have common magma source. Combined with the foliated granites having the geochemical characteristics of A-type granites, it is suggested that the magma for the foliated granites in the UHP and HP unit would be derived from the partial melting of the retrometamorphosed UHP metamorphic rocks exhumed into middle to lower crust, and partial magmas were intruded into the HP unit. 相似文献
15.
New fieldwork, mineralogical and geochemical data and interpretations are presented for the rare-metal bearing A-type granites of the Aja intrusive complex(AIC) in the northern segment of the Arabian Shield. This complex is characterized by discontinuous ring-shaped outcrops cut by later faulting. The A-type rocks of the AIC are late Neoproterozoic post-collisional granites, including alkali feldspar granite, alkaline granite and peralkaline granite. They represent the outer zones of the AIC, surrounding a core of older rocks including monzogranite, syenogranite and granophyre granite. The sharp contacts between A-type granites of the outer zone and the different granitic rocks of the inner zone suggest that the AIC was emplaced as different phases over a time interval, following complete crystallization of earlier batches. The A-type granites represent the late intrusive phases of the AIC, which were emplaced during tectonic extension, as shown by the emplacement of dykes synchronous with the granite emplacement and the presence of cataclastic features. The A-type granites consist of K-feldspars, quartz, albite, amphiboles and sodic pyroxene with a wide variety of accessory minerals, including Fe-Ti oxides, zircon, allanite, fluorite, monazite, titanite, apatite, columbite, xenotime and epidote. They are highly evolved(71.3–75.8 wt% SiO_2) and display the typical geochemical characteristics of post-collisional, within-plate granites. They are rare-metal granites enriched in total alkalis, Nb, Zr, Y, Ga, Ta, REE with low CaO, MgO, Ba, and Sr. Eu-negative anomalies(Eu/Eu* = 0.17–0.37) of the A-type granites reflect extreme magmatic fractionation and perhaps the effects of late fluid-rock interactions. The chemical characteristics indicate that the A-type granites of the AIC represent products of extreme fractional crystallization involving alkali feldspar, quartz and, to a lesser extent, ferromagnesian minerals. The parent magma was derived from the partial melting of a juvenile crustal protolith with a mantle contribution. Accumulation of residual volatile-rich melt and exsolved fluids in the late stage of the magma evolution produced pegmatite and quartz veins that cut the peripheries of the AIC. Post-magmatic alteration related to the final stages of the evolution of the A-type granitic magma, indicated by alterations of sodic amphibole and sodic pyroxene, hematitization and partial albitization. 相似文献
16.
The paper presents detailed geochemical data on the rocks of the Zashikhinsky Massif and mineralogical–geochemical characteristics of the ores of the eponymous deposit. The rare-metal granites are divided into three facies varieties on the basis of the degree of differentiation and ore potential: early facies represented by microcline–albite granites with arfvedsonite, middle facies represented by leucocratic albite–microcline granites, and late (most ore-bearing) facies represented by quartz–albite granites grading into albitites. Microprobe data were obtained on major minerals accumulating trace elements in the rocks and ores. All facies of the rare-metal granites, including the rocks of the fluorite–rare-metal vein, define single compositional trends in the plots of paired correlations of rock-forming and trace elements. In addition, they also show similar REE patterns and spidergrams. The latter, however, differ in the depth of anomalies of some elements. Obtained geological, petrographic, and geochemical data suggest a magmatic genesis of the rocks of different composition and their derivation from a single magma during its differentiation. On the basis of all characteristics, the Zashikhinskoe deposit is estimated as one of the largest tantalum rare-metal deposits of alkaline-granite type in Russia. 相似文献
17.
川西甲基卡二云母花岗岩和伟晶岩内发育大量原生熔体包裹体和富晶体流体包裹体。为了查明甲基卡成矿熔体、流体性质与演化特征,运用激光拉曼光谱和扫描电镜鉴定了甲基卡花岗伟晶岩型锂矿床中二云母花岗岩及伟晶岩脉不同结构带内的原生熔体、流体包裹体的固相物质。分析结果表明,甲基卡二云母花岗岩石英内熔体包裹体的矿物组合为磷灰石+白云母、白云母+钠长石、白云母+石墨;伟晶岩绿柱石内富晶体流体包裹体的矿物组合主要为刚玉、富铝铁硅酸盐+刚玉+锂辉石、锂辉石+石英+锂绿泥石;伟晶岩锂辉石内富晶体流体包裹体的矿物组合主要为磷灰石、锡石、磁铁矿、石英+钠长石+锂绿泥石、萤石、富钙镁硅酸盐+富铁铝硅酸盐+富铁硅酸盐+石英;花岗岩浆熔体与伟晶岩浆熔体(流体)具有一定的差异,成矿熔体、流体成分总体呈现出碱质元素(Na、Si、Al)、挥发分(F、P、CO_2)含量增高及基性元素(Fe、Mg、Ca)降低的特征;包裹体中子矿物与主矿物的化学成分具有一定的差别,揭示出伟晶岩熔体(流体)存在局部岩浆分异作用,具不混溶性及非均匀性。因此认为,伟晶岩熔浆(流体)为岩浆分异与岩浆不混溶共同作用的产物,挥发分含量的增高(F、P、CO_2)使伟晶岩能够与稀有金属组成各类络合物或化合物,这对于稀有金属成矿起到了至关重要的作用。 相似文献
18.
E.G. Imeokparia 《Chemical Geology》1983,40(3-4):293-312
The Amo Complex forms one of the prominent ring intrusions in the Jos Plateau and it is lithologically composed of granite porphyry, riebeckite biotite granite, hornblende biotite granite and later intrusives of biotite granite. There are also small intrusions of albite riebeckite granite and albite biotite granite.
Major-element compositions of the principal rock units do not show significant differences. Comparison of the variations found in the granites with results of laboratory studies suggest either that water vapor and volatile transfer were important in the local magma series or at least they accompanied other systematic variations.
Trace-element associations vary; anomalous enrichments of Rb, Li, F, U, Th, Zr, Nb and HREE occur over mildly peralkaline riebeckite biotite granite, peralkaline albite riebeckite granite and albite biotite granite with peralkaline tendency, in contrast to their peraluminous equivalents. These cannot be explained by crystal-liquid fractionation processes and require the evolution of a Na-enriched fluid.
It is suggested that in the albite riebeckite granite and the albite biotite granite the combined effect of F, Li and Rb along with other volatiles may have led to a lower crystallization temperature such that two separate alkali feldspars (albite and microcline) crystallized individually.
Cassiterite and columbite mineralization occur mainly as magmatic disseminations within the terminal phases of the biotite granites and albite biotite granite. Diffused greisenization in association with quartz veins also carry cassiterite mineralization in the Tega and Timber Creek biotite granite phases. Although the magma may have supplied the ore elements and F for complexing, actual mineralization appears to be a product of postmagmatic processes. 相似文献
19.
山东省蒙阴地区金伯利岩的深部地质构造特征是地学研究的热点之一。在蒙阴地区金伯利岩分布区中心部位的西峪岩带进行了10 km综合地球物理勘查，采用地震反射、大地电磁测深及重力测量解译推断出上五井和西峪两处的深部断裂构造。其中，西峪断裂带是金伯利岩浆侵入的先期控制性构造和岩浆通道，在西峪金伯利岩带内，地震反射波同相轴异常、重力低密度体、电阻率低阻异常都较为明显，且异常带有一定的连续性和规模，与已知的浅部金伯利岩体的分布形态比较吻合，推测地表延伸4 km深度内，西峪岩带内有较好的金伯利岩的发育，岩体在深部呈现节藕状间断分布。金伯利岩浆在近地表处隐爆，造成更多的破碎带和次生断裂，形成由密集零散分布的金伯利岩体组成的金伯利岩带，同时产生岩石的低电阻率和低密度异常。 相似文献