共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 356 毫秒
1.
辽宁赛马岩体是我国典型的产铀碱性杂岩体，但其稀土矿化机制尚不明确.通过光学显微镜、扫描电镜和电子探针分析，得知该岩体从霞石正长岩经霓霞正长伟晶岩至晚期异霞正长岩，代表性稀土矿物层硅铈钛矿[Na2Ca4REETi（Si2O7）2OF3]不断富集，Nb、Zr和REE（特别是HREE）等高场强元素含量不断升高，部分颗粒具Zr、REE等元素成分环带，以上成分变化与稀土等不相容元素性质、碱性岩浆成分和岩浆结晶分异过程密切相关.此外，层硅铈钛矿经历了一系列的热液蚀变，蚀变部分Ti、Ca、Sr、Na含量增加而Zr、REE含量降低，最终形成由残余层硅铈钛矿+方解石+萤石+铈硅磷灰石组成的假晶，可能与富碱质、F和CO2的自交代流体作用有关.该研究揭示了碱性岩浆演化过程中，层硅铈钛矿成分变化及热液蚀变组合对指示岩浆结晶分异程度、探究稀土元素分馏及其热液活动性的具有重要意义. 相似文献
2.
赛马碱性杂岩体位于我国辽东半岛,是一个典型的铀-铌和稀土多金属矿化杂岩体,富含重稀土,其复杂的演化过程和稀土元素富集机制仍没有得到有效约束。本文对该碱性杂岩体中角闪辉石正长岩、正长岩、黑云正长岩、云霓霞石正长岩和异霞正长岩5类岩石及锆石的元素地球化学特征进行了系统研究,并开展了特征矿物包裹体的显微岩相学研究,旨在限定杂岩体母岩浆的演化路径,揭示稀土元素的富集机制。研究结果显示,赛马碱性杂岩体的母岩浆经历了由钾质碱性(角闪辉石正长岩、正长岩和黑云正长岩),到钾质过碱性(云霓霞石正长岩),向钠质过碱性(异霞正长岩)的充分演化。在演化过程中赛马碱性杂岩体母岩浆的体系状态发生了明显变化,碱性岩浆演化受流体不饱和的纯岩浆体系的控制,而过碱性岩浆岩则形成于流体过饱和的岩浆体系,且异霞正长岩母岩浆流体的饱和程度明显高于云霓霞石正长岩的母岩浆。研究还显示,钾质碱性岩浆稀土元素的地球化学行为主要受控于磷灰石等矿物的分离结晶,而成矿的钠质过碱性岩浆稀土、锆和铌等元素的富集成矿则主要受富CO_(2)的高盐度岩浆热液的控制。 相似文献
3.
哈勒赞布勒格泰稀有稀土矿床产出于蒙古国阿尔泰地区,是一处与碱性杂岩体有关的超大型Zr-Nb-Ta-REE矿床。该杂岩体具有多期次侵位和多岩相的特征,主要由含钠铁闪石和霓石的碱长正长岩、英碱正长岩、碱长花岗岩、蚀变碱长花岗岩和碱长花岗伟晶岩等组成,并被碱性辉长岩和辉绿岩侵入。其中,蚀变碱长花岗岩发生了全岩Zr、Nb、Ta和REE矿化,并具有广泛的热液交代特征。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年显示,该杂岩体中的长英质碱性岩和基性碱性岩具有相似的侵位年龄,均为~400Ma,侵入于~463Ma的黑云母正长花岗岩中。主微量元素地球化学研究显示,该杂岩体具有强过碱性的特征。岩浆演化主要受到碱性长石分异的控制,使硅逐渐聚集于晚期粒间熔体之中,并逐渐演化为英碱正长岩和碱长花岗岩。这个过程使岩浆的过碱性特征不断加强,也使钠铁闪石和霓石逐渐富集。杂岩体的岩浆演化经历了一定程度的锆石、富集稀土的磷灰石、独居石和磷钇矿以及富集Nb的异性石的分异,使Zr、Nb、Ta和REE等成矿元素在岩浆的演化过程中没有得到显著的富集,因此岩浆的演化并非是该杂岩体中稀有稀土元素发生矿化的关键因素。在蚀变碱长花岗岩的石英、碱性长石和钠铁闪石中,普遍发育顺着晶格生长的“雪球状”钠长石,是碱性花岗质共结岩浆演化晚期流体发生周期性饱和并释放,造成Ab周期性过饱和而沉淀的结果。流体的周期性过饱和及释放萃取成矿元素并汇聚于蚀变碱长花岗岩,造成其Zr、Nb、Ta和REE等元素与硅含量相似但未发生蚀变的碱长花岗岩相比富集了近10倍,因此这是发生矿化的根本原因。 相似文献
4.
碱性造岩矿物能够记录碱性岩源区特征、岩浆演化以及晚期成矿的重要信息,是开展碱性岩成岩成矿研究的有效手段。波孜果尔碱性花岗岩型铌-钽-锆-铷-稀土矿床位于塔里木北缘-中亚南天山晚古生代造山带,是塔里木地块北缘铌成矿带中典型的碱性岩型矿床。本文通过对含矿岩体中的霓石和钠铁闪石开展矿物学研究,结合全岩成分揭示波孜果尔稀有-稀土金属矿床含矿岩体的岩石类型、演化特征、构造背景及成矿条件。研究发现,含矿碱性岩体由霓石钠铁闪石碱长花岗岩、霓石钠铁闪石石英碱长正长岩、霓石钠铁闪石碱长正长岩组成。不同岩相岩石均表现出相似的稀土和微量元素配分模式,以富集轻稀土元素和高场强元素,亏损大离子亲石元素和重稀土元素为特征,具有显著的负Eu异常,指示三种岩石类型是同源岩浆演化的产物。含矿岩体中的辉石为霓石-霓辉石,角闪石为钠铁闪石。霓石和钠铁闪石稀土和微量元素配分模式相似且含量都较低,富集重稀土、亏损轻稀土,具有显著的负Eu异常,并富集Zr、Hf等高场强元素,亏损Ba、Sr等大离子亲石元素。霓石和钠铁闪石微量元素特征指示三个岩相单元的演化程度由低到高依次为霓石钠铁闪石碱长花岗岩→霓石钠铁闪石石英碱长正长岩→霓石钠铁闪石碱长正长岩,且结晶分异作用控制了岩体的形成。同时,早期霓石钠铁闪石碱长花岗岩的钠铁闪石呈现Ce正异常,晚期岩相中则无异常,指示演化的早期阶段氧逸度较高,随着磁铁矿等氧化物的结晶熔体趋于还原。波孜果尔含矿岩体成矿元素除Rb外分布并不均匀,表现为演化早期的岩相富集Nb,而演化晚期的岩相更富集稀土和Zr。进一步研究发现,塔里木北缘碱性岩带发育的铌、稀土、钽、锆、铷、铀等稀有稀土金属矿化与地幔柱引起的幔源岩浆底侵有关,其构造背景可能为地幔柱对造山带的叠置。 相似文献
5.
6.
碱性花岗岩型稀有稀土金属矿床是Zr、Nb、Be及REE的重要来源，其成矿经历了多种交代和蚀变过程，但这些交代和蚀变与矿化的指示意义尚未明确。内蒙古巴尔哲碱性花岗岩型稀有稀土矿床拥有世界级的Zr、Nb、Be及REE储量，发育强烈的钠质交代和赤铁矿化，是探讨上述问题的理想对象。显微岩相学、全岩主微量和钠铁闪石主微量元素分析表明，未蚀变界熔花岗岩贫Zr、Nb、Be和REE，钠铁闪石具有较高的REE含量和较低的Na含量。钠质交代界熔花岗岩均发生了赤铁矿化蚀变，主要发育雪球石英、钠锆石、兴安石、独居石、氟碳铈矿及Nb-Be-REE矿物假象。其主要特征为:全岩贫F和富Zr、Nb、Be和REE金属元素;钠铁闪石可见霓石化，钠铁闪石具有较低的REE含量和较高的Na含量，钠锆石原位分解再结晶为锆石-石英假象。仅赤铁矿化界熔花岗岩主要发育兴安石、独居石、氟碳铈矿及Nb-Be-REE矿物假象。其主要特征为:全岩富REE、Be，贫Zr、Nb金属元素;钠铁闪石被赤铁矿、铌铁矿等含铁氧化物交代，钠铁闪石具有较高的REE含量和较低的Na含量。界熔花岗岩钠质交代过程中，钠铁闪石发生霓石化释放Ba、Zr、Nb和部分RE... 相似文献
7.
碱性岩是全球稀土资源的主要来源之一,特别是中-重稀土资源。针对碱性花岗岩体系中稀土(REE)和部分高场强元素(HFSE)超常富集机制及其控制因素等关键科学问题,目前尚缺乏深入系统的研究工作。本文重点关注碱性花岗岩成矿体系中的钠交代作用,对常见的钠长石化、钠铁闪石化和钠辉石化等热液交代过程中的矿物交代反应过程及其稀有稀土元素再活化-迁移过程开展分析和讨论。在碱性岩中,碱性角闪石和辉石被认为是REE和HFSE的重要载体,同时也是岩浆分异演化的有效示踪剂。以中国黑龙江碾子山碱性花岗岩为例,岩浆晚期的热液交代会导致碱性角闪石和辉石从富钙的矿物相向富钠的矿物相转变,在这个相转变过程中会导致REE和HFSE的活化和迁移。特别是岩浆晚期热液富钠霓辉石的形成过程中REE和HFSE会大规模释放到交代流体中,可能是导致这些关键金属元素在岩浆晚期超常富集和成矿的关键控制因素。因此,碱性角闪石和辉石的钠指数[Na#=Na/(Na+Ca)摩尔比]可能是一个潜在的矿物地球化学指标,或将为碱性岩型稀土资源勘查提供新的方法。 相似文献
8.
川西冕宁-德昌稀土矿带霓长岩的地球化学特征及地质意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
霓长岩化作用是指碳酸岩(或碱性岩)流体对围岩的交代蚀变,它是碳酸岩型稀土(REE)矿床常见的蚀变类型,其所形成的岩石即为霓长岩。对霓长岩的深入研究可以鉴别碳酸岩体的存在,厘定碳酸岩岩浆(或流体)的地球化学性质及源区特征,这对于找寻碳酸岩相关的矿产资源(尤其是REE)以及剖析矿床成因机制有着重要的地质意义。川西冕宁-德昌稀土矿带是中国最重要的轻稀土矿带之一,包括牦牛坪超大型、大陆槽大型、木落寨和里庄中小型REE矿床以及一系列矿点。REE矿化与碳酸岩-碱性岩杂岩体密切相关,受一系列新生代走滑断裂的控制。该矿带广泛发育霓长岩化蚀变带,尤以大陆槽及里庄矿床为显著。岩相学分析表明,大陆槽和里庄霓长岩中的矿物多呈他形粒状结构,主要由长石、黑云母、霓辉石以及少量副矿物组成;主微量元素分析表明,霓长岩的碱质(K_2O+Na_2O)、MgO、Fe_2O_3T含量较高,且富集REE、Sr、Ba等微量元素;电子探针分析表明,霓长岩中的霓辉石Fe OT含量较高,长石Na_2O及K_2O含量较高,Ca O含量极低。An-Ab-Or三角图解显示长石主要为透长石和钠长石,属碱性长石系列;黑云母的地球化学成分图解表明云母的成因类型为交代型且具有相对富镁、贫铁等特征,属镁质黑云母。霓长岩化作用的交代流体含有较高的CO_2组分,且富含碱质、Mg、Fe及REE、Sr、Ba等元素。对比霓长岩与原岩的主微量元素发现:相比于正长岩原岩,在主量元素中,霓长岩的Fe、Mg、Ca等元素含量增加,Si、Al等元素含量降低;微量元素中,霓长岩的REE及Sr、Ba等元素显著增加。这意味着交代流体含有的Fe_2O_3T、MgO、CaO等组分在霓长岩化过程中被带进了围岩,而SiO_2和Al_2O_3等从围岩中被逐出。大陆槽及里庄矿区发育的角砾岩指示了矿区曾经历过频繁的角砾岩化事件,这提高了霓长岩作用的强度,并且为矿脉的穿插及REE矿物的沉淀提供了空间。在霓长岩化过程中,流体-围岩的组分交换反复发生,这削弱了REE络合物的稳定性,伴随多期次的热液活动及构造事件,最终完成REE活化→迁移→沉淀的过程。 相似文献
9.
苦子干碱性杂岩体是塔什库尔干新生代碱性岩带的主要组成之一,主要由霓辉正长岩、石英霓辉正长岩和碱性花岗岩组成。霓辉正长岩、石英霓辉正长岩和碱性花岗岩的SiO2含量差别较大,分别为50．26％～54．11％、59．74％～60．43oA、69．59％～72．13％;霓辉正长岩与石英霓辉正长岩的里特曼指数相近,分别为7．83～10．97、8．51～9．05,明显不同于碱性花岗岩（2．49～3．71）。这3种碱性岩石都表现出富集轻稀土,以及K、Rb、Sr、Ba等大离子亲石元素（LILE）,亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素（HFSE）的特征。其中异常高的Sr、Ba和∑REE含量暗示可能还有富集地幔物质的加入。利用原位锆石LA—ICP—MS同位素测试方法,获得石英霓辉正长岩和碱性花岗岩的锆石U—Pb年龄分别为10．9±0．1Ma和11．9土0．4Ma,代表了岩石的结晶年龄;石英霓辉正长岩锆石εHf（t）值为-9．78～3．24,碱性花岗岩中锆石εHf（t）值为-13．54～5．78,均显示岩浆源区具有壳幔混合的特点。依据这些资料,并结合区域地质研究的综合分析,笔者初步提出西昆仑塔什库尔干苦子干碱性杂岩体的形成是由于青藏高原在～25Ma期间主体拆沉作用发生后,造成软流圈物质向北逃逸,并受到北面塔里木克拉通岩石圈山根阻挡而上涌,进而发生壳幔混合作用的产物。因此,该杂岩体是青藏高原大规模拆沉后浆活动的远程效应,且标志着研究区在～11Ma期间已处于伸展构造背景。 相似文献
10.
四川锦屏山地区碱性杂岩位于扬子地台西南缘,其岩体的主要岩石类型为霓石英碱正长岩、英碱正长岩、含萤石霓石钠闪-钠铁闪石碱性花岗岩、霓石(碱性)花岗斑岩、碱性伟晶岩脉。为确定该碱性杂岩的形成时代、成因及地质意义,对其进行了岩相学、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及地球化学研究。结果表明,碱性杂岩中的锆石为岩浆成因,锆石~(206)Pb/~(238)U加权平均年龄为27.06±0.51Ma,侵入时代属于渐新世。该岩石具有富碱,高钾,贫镁、钙的岩石化学特征,属于碱性岩石系列。其稀土元素总量极高,轻、重稀土元素分馏明显,Eu异常不显著。微量元素相对富集Th、Zr、La、Nd等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、P、Ti等高场强元素的特征。综合以上数据、结合区域构造演化背景,说明该碱性杂岩为扬子地块插入到龙门山地壳的过程中,俯冲陆壳发生变质、脱水后形成的产物。 相似文献
11.
Subsolidus deuteric/hydrothermal alteration of eudialyte in lujavrite from the Pilansberg alkaline complex, South Africa 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The most evolved rocks of the Pilansberg alkaline complex are aegirine lujavrites in which three varieties of eudialyte are recognized on the basis of textural relationships and composition. Manganoan eudialyte-I is a relict orthomagmatic phase occurring as poikilitic plates or as relict grains in pseudomorphed euhedral phenocrysts. Late eudialyte-II ranges in composition from manganoan eudialyte through kentbrooksite to taseqite-like varieties and is considered to be formed by cation exchange with eudialyte-I and alkaline fluids. Eudialyte-III is a hydrothermal phase replacing eudialyte-II, and has either taseqite-like (5–7.3 wt.% SrO, < 2.0 wt.% REE2O3) or kentbrooksite (< 1.5 wt.% SrO, 8.5 wt.% REE2O3) compositions. Three styles of replacement of eudialyte-I and -II are recognizable. Type 1 involves replacement by complex aggregates of zircon, fergusonite-(Ce), allanite-(Ce), britholite-(Ce), titanite, pyrochlore, albite and potassium feldspar, i.e. a “miaskitic” paragenesis. Type 2 alteration consists of complex aggregates dominated by deuteric Na–Zr-silicates (?catapleiite), stronalsite, strontium-apatite and lamprophyllite replacing eudialyte-I and -II and relicts of the “miaskitic paragenesis”, i.e. a highly sodic “agpaitic-to-hyperagpaitic” paragenesis. Type 3 replacement involves mantling of any residual eudialyte-II and zircon, and replacement of deuteric Na–Zr-silicates by eudialyte-III together with barytolamprophyllite as late hydrothermal phases. Further alteration and replacement resulted in the superposition of natrolite, britholite, pyrochlore, allanite and diverse Ba- and Mn-based minerals onto the types 2 and 3 assemblages, and ultimately to the deposition of allanite-(La), La-dominant REE carbonates and rarely a silica phase. All of the alteration styles are considered to have occurred in situ under subsolidus conditions (< 450 °C) by interaction of pre-existing eudialyte and other minerals with deuteric, sodium- and chlorine-bearing aqueous fluids. The evolution of the replacement products is from a miaskitic through an agpaitic to a hyperagpaitic paragenesis and ultimately back to a low agpaitic-to-miaskitic assemblage, reflecting changes in the a(Na+)/a(Cl−) ratio and alkalinity of the deuteric/hydrothermal fluids. 相似文献
12.
Anton R. Chakhmouradian Roger H. Mitchell 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2002,143(1):93-114
At Gordon Butte (Crazy Mountains, Montana), agpaitic nepheline-syenite pegmatites intrude potassic alkaline rocks (principally, malignites and nepheline microsyenites). All pegmatite veins are composed predominantly of potassium feldspar, nepheline, prismatic aegirine, barytolamprophyllite, wadeite, eudialyte, loparite-(Ce) and altered rinkite ("vudyavrite") embedded in spherulitic and fibrous aegirine. Well-differentiated veins contain "pockets" filled with calcite, fluorapatite, mangan-neptunite, Mn-Ti-enriched prismatic aegirine, calcium catapleiite, and an unidentified Ca-Ti silicate. The potassium feldspar corresponds to Ba-rich sanidine with relatively low Na contents. The nepheline contains low levels of SiO2 and elevated Fe contents. The compositions of nepheline cluster in the lower portion of the Morozewicz-Buerger convergence field, indicating low-temperature crystallization and/or chemical re-equilibration of this mineral. The association of sanidine with nearly stoichiometric nepheline is unusual for agpaitic rocks and probably reflects inhibition of Al/Si ordering in the feldspar by Ba. At least four types of clinopyroxene can be distinguished on the basis of their morphology and composition. All these types correspond to Al- and Ca-poor aegirine (typically <0.6 and 2.6 wt% Al2O3 and CaO, respectively). The overall evolutionary trend of clinopyroxene in the Gordon Butte rocks is from Fe-poor diopside to aegirine-augite in the malignites and nepheline microsyenites, and culminates with the pegmatitic aegirine. This trend is characteristic for potassic alkaline complexes and results from preferential partitioning of Fe2+ into biotite during the magmatic crystallization. Barytolamprophyllite in the pegmatites is primary (as opposed to deuteric); only a few crystals contain a core composed of lamprophyllite. The evolutionary history of the Gordon Butte pegmatites can be subdivided into primary, agpaitic, and deuteric stages. The earliest paragenesis to crystallize included accessory zircon and thorite. Sr-rich loparite also precipitated relatively early serving as a major repository for Sr, REE, and Nb. During the agpaitic stage, diverse titano- and zircono-silicates (barytolamprophyllite, eudialyte, wadeite, and rinkite, among others) consumed most of the Ba, Sr, Ti, Zr, and Nb still remaining in the melt. The final stage in the evolution of the pegmatites involved interaction of the earlier-formed mineral assemblages with deuteric fluids. In common with the Rocky Boy pegmatites, Sr-REE-Na-rich fluorapatite, Ba-Fe titanates and REE-bearing carbonates (ancylite, calcio-ancylite, and bastnäsite-parisite series) are chief products of the deuteric stage. The alteration of the primary mineral assemblages by deuteric fluids also produced muscovite-zeolite pseudomorphs after nepheline, replacement of wadeite and eudialyte by catapleiite-group minerals, re-deposition of Ba in the form of hyalophane, baotite, and benitoite, and cation leaching from rinkite, eudialyte, and loparite. The mineralogy of the pegmatites from Gordon Butte, other potassic complexes, and sodic agpaitic occurrences is compared in detail. 相似文献
13.
John C. Bailey Henning Srensen Tom Andersen Lia N. Kogarko John Rose-Hansen 《Lithos》2006,91(1-4):301-318
Microrhythmic layering is locally developed in agpaitic arfvedsonite lujavrite from the Ilímaussaq alkaline complex, South Greenland. Three–15-cm-thick laminated dark layers alternate with 1–10-cm-thick, light-coloured granular urtitic layers. Dark layers are uniform (isomodal) but the urtitic layers are enriched in early nepheline and eudialyte in their lower parts and in late analcime and REE phosphate minerals in the upper parts. The layers are separated by sharp contacts; they are draped around rafts from the overlying roof zone and lack structures indicative of current processes or post-cumulus deformation. Compared with the background arfvedsonite lujavrite of the complex, the dark layers are richer in sodalite, microcline and arfvedsonite and poorer in analcime and eudialyte. They have higher K2O, Cl, FeO and S but lower Na2O, H2O+, Zr and P contents, the opposite of the light-coloured layers. The complementary chemistry of the two types of layers oscillates about the composition of the background arfvedsonite lujavrite. Layers probably formed in a stagnant bottom layer of the lujavrite magma chamber. Each layer started as a liquid layer which exchanged components with the underlying crystallization front. On cooling, it crystallized primocrysts and exchanged components with the overlying magma which became a new, complementary liquid layer and, during further cooling and burial within the sequence of layers, it underwent largely closed-system interstitial crystallization. Exhaustion of Cl and a sharp decrease in aNaCl relative to aH2O terminated the crystallization of a sodalite-rich dark layer and initiated abundant crystallization of nepheline in the overlying liquid layer (urtitic layer). The layered sequence represents a local K2O-, Cl-rich but Na2O-, H2O-poor facies of arfvedsonite lujavrite and may have formed by exchanging components with sodalite-bearing rafts from the roof zone. 相似文献
14.
The Um Ara area, in the south Eastern Desert of Egypt contains a number of uranium occurrences related to granitic rocks. U-rich thorite, thorite and zircon are the main primary uranium- and thorium-bearing minerals found in mineralized zones of the Um Ara alkali-feldspar granites; uranophane is the most common secondary uranium mineral. U-rich thorite contains blebs of galena, has rims of uranophane and contains inclusions of Zr-rich thorite. Electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) provides an indication of a range of solid solution between thorite and zircon, in which intermediate phases, such as Th-rich zircon and Zr-rich thorite, were formed. These phases have higher sum of all cations per formula (2.05 to 2.06 apfu, for 4 oxygen atoms) than that of ideal thorite and zircon. This is attributed to the presence of substantial amount of interstitial cations such as Ca, U and Al in these phases. Some zircon grains are stoichiometric in composition, other altered grains display lower SiO2 and ZrO2 contents. Enrichment of Th and U in altered zircon preferentially involves coupled substitution (Ca2+ + (Th,U)4+ ↔ 2Zr4+ + 2Si4+), implying that significant U and Th may enter the Zr and Si position in zircon. Negative correlation of Zr vs. Hf and Al may indicate that Hf and Al have been introduced to the zircon during later fluid alteration rather than during the primary magmatic event. A two-stage metallogenetic model is proposed for the alteration processes and origin of U- and Th-bearing minerals in the Um Ara alkali-feldspar granite: 1) the first stage was dominated by hydrothermal alteration and accompanied by albitization, k-feldspathization, desilicification, chloritization, hematitization, silicification, argillization, fluoritization and corrosion of primary U-bearing minerals. Solid-solution between thorite and zircon occurred during this stage. The second stage occurred at the near-surface profile where circulating meteoric water played an important role in mobilizing the early formed primary U-bearing minerals. Uranium was likely transported as a calcium uranyl carbonate complexes. When these complexes lost their stabilities by precipitation of calcite, they decomposed in the presence of silica to form uranophane. 相似文献
15.
Mariupolite, aegirine-albite nepheline syenite, outcropping only in the Oktiabrski massif in south-eastern Ukraine, is a potential resource of Nb, Zr and REE for future exploration and development. Some types of this rock can be also used in ceramics, glass and building industry and jewellery. Mariupolite is composed of (1) magmatic and (2) subsolidus and hydrothermal components. The magmatic assemblage includes zircon, aegirine, nepheline, albite, K-feldspar, pyrochlore, fluorapatite, fluorbritholite-(Ce) and magnetite. Alkaline-carbonate-chloride-rich fluids exsolved very early in the history of the rock, in a late stage of, or directly after, its consolidation, induced intensive high-temperature alteration of the primary mariupolite components resulted in formation of cancrinite, calcite, fluorite, REE-bearing minerals such as monazite, parasite-(Ce), bastnäsite-(Ce), as well as sodalite, natrolite and hematite. The genesis of this peculiar mineralization seems to be associated with multistage magmatic and tectonic activity of the Ukrainian Shield and fluids mediated metasomatic processes. 相似文献
16.
The phenomenon of deficient electron microprobe totals in radiation-damaged and altered zircon 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Lutz Nasdala Andreas Kronz Tamás Váczi Arne Willner 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2009,73(6):1637-1650
The phenomenon of deficient electron microprobe analyses, with sums of analyzed constituents often below 95 wt%, is assigned to the analysis of altered, porous minerals. With the example of three zircon populations we show that low totals are related to textural features (i.e., numerous pores of tens to hundreds of nanometers size) as well as to the chemical composition (i.e., water content well within the wt% range, which may affect partial sample degradation under the electron beam). The formation of the spongy texture is explained by the alteration of a previously radiation-damaged and, thus, volume-expanded material in a fluid-driven replacement reaction. The smaller volume of the reaction product (crystalline, non volume-expanded zircon) accounts for the formation of numerous voids and pores, which are perfect candidates for the incorporation of water. The alteration has also resulted in uptake of non-formula elements such as Al, P, Ca, Fe, Y, and REEs whereas Si and Zr are depleted. In one case, strong uptake of non-radiogenic Pb in altered zircon was observed. Because porous, low-total zircon has formed in secondary alteration process, its occurrence can be considered as an indicator of a secondary alteration history of the host rock. Low-total zircon is easily recognized by very low electron back-scatter intensities, which are closely related to the two main causes of the analytical shortfall (i.e., water content and porosity) and often lowered furthermore by the presence of light non-formula elements (especially P and Fe) up to the wt% range. 相似文献
17.
内蒙古林西萤石矿床稀土元素地球化学特征及其指示意义 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
内蒙古林西县萤石矿产资源丰富,已知萤石矿床（点）68处。萤石矿床产出于中生界火山-沉积岩地层中,矿体主要受近 SN 向或 NNE 向断裂破碎带控制。为了研究水头地区萤石矿床的成矿流体来源和成矿机理,文章对矿床稀土元素进行了分析。结果表明萤石和方解石的稀土元素总量（∑REE）为4.37-159μg/g, LREE/HREE比值为0.24-1.80,δEu =0.57-1.60,具弱Ce负异常（0.81-0.98）特征, Y/Ho比值为21-78,平均41。从成矿早阶段到晚阶段,∑REE值及LREE/HREE比值均逐渐减小,晚阶段萤石具有重新活化、重结晶的特征。结合赋矿地层及矿区外围花岗岩体REE特征分析,认为其成矿流体迁移距离较远,稀土元素和成矿元素可能来自下伏高F地体和含Ca赋矿火山-沉积地层,为热液成因-破碎带充填交代型萤石矿床。 相似文献
18.
The Athabasca Basin hosts many world-class unconformity-related uranium deposits. Recently, uranium reserves for the Eagle
Point basement-hosted deposit have increased with the discovery of new mineralized zones within secondary structures. A paragenetic
study of Eagle Point reveals the presence of three temporally distinct alteration stages: a pre-Athabasca alteration, a main
alteration and mineralization comprised of three substages, and a post-main alteration and mineralization stage that culminated
in remobilization of uraninite from primary to secondary structures. The pre-Athabasca alteration stage consists of minor
amounts of clinochlore, followed by dolomite and calcite alteration in the hanging wall of major fault zones and kaolinitization
of plagioclase and K-feldspar caused by surface weathering. The main alteration and uranium mineralization stage is related
to three temporally distinct substages, all of which were produced by isotopically similar fluids. A major early alteration
substage characterized by muscovite alteration and by precipitation Ca–Sr–LREE-rich aluminum phosphate-sulfate minerals, both
from basinal fluids at temperatures around 240°C prior to 1,600 Ma. The mineralization substage involved uraninite and hematite
precipitated in primary structures. The late alteration substage consists of dravite, uranophane-beta veins, calcite veins,
and sudoite alteration from Mg–Ca-rich chemically modified basinal fluids with temperatures around 180°C. The post-main alteration
and mineralization stage is characterized by remobilization of main stage uraninite from primary to secondary structures at
a minimum age of ca. 535 Ma. U–Pb resetting events recorded on primary and remobilized uraninites are coincident with fluid
flow induced by distal orogenies, remobilizing radiogenic Pb to a distance of at least 225 m above the mineralized zones. 相似文献
19.
Aniket Chakrabarty Kamal L. Pruseth Amit Kumar Sen 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2011,77(1):12-16
Eudialyte is a group of hydrated silicate minerals essentially consisting of Na and Zr with a very complex crystal structure,
and generally associated with alkaline rocks. The complexity of the eudialyte structure can be understood from the fact that
Na alone exist in five distinct sites and extensive solid solubility can occur in almost all cation sites, sometimes one element
occupying multiple sites to the extent of exclusion of other elements. Structurally, eudialyte can be represented as Na15[M
1
]6[M
2]3Zr3[M
3
](Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3X2 (Johnsen and Grice, 1999), where M
1
and M
2
sites are occupied by Ca, Mn and Fe, M
3
by Nb and X by OH, Cl and F. In addition, cations like Al, Hf, W, Ta, Sr, Ba and various REEs get incorporated into the eudialyte
structure by substitution, and additional site vacancies even may develop in order to maintain electrical neutrality. Eudialyte,
approximately of the composition Na9Ca8Mn3Nb(Zr,Ce)3Si25O73(OH)2, has hydrothermally replaced albite in the nepheline syenite gneiss exposed south of the Sushina hill of Purulia district,
West Bengal. The eudialyte contains ≈2.25 atom% Zr and 0.75 atom% Nb. In addition to eudialyte in nepheline syenite, an unknown
Na-Zr silicate (NZS) has also replaced the albite crystals. The NZS contains ≈ 7 atom% Zr with a possible empirical formula
of Na12Zr11Si36O95(OH)10. Surface exposures of these rocks are limited at Sushina hill, yet a detailed and systematic investigation on this enigmatic
rock is warranted for they may turn out to be a resource for Zr. 相似文献