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1.
Land tenure rights reflect the deeper structures of society, particularly gender distinctions in relation to land. Considering
the structural differences between patrilineal and matrilineal customary tenure systems in East Timor are understudied, this
paper explores men and women’s experiences in accessing land under such arrangements. The comparative analysis of two patrilineal
with one matrilineal land tenure systems in Ainaro and Manufahi districts suggests a significant degree of flexibility within
both systems with respect to the norms of gendered inheritance. Therefore, the binary constructs of ‘patrilineal’ and ‘matrilineal’
societies are limiting. Both men and women in these communities may acquire land rights under different circumstances, mainly
through negotiations with their parents or hamlet chief. Daughters in the patrilineal communities could inherit family land
upon their parents’ death and sons in the matrilineal community could gain land by cultivating and maintaining unclaimed customary
land. Empirical evidence show that inheritance principally determines usufruct rights to land, but marriage exchange practices
complicates a deeper understanding of traditional East Timorese land rights.
相似文献
| Pyone Myat ThuEmail: |
2.
Cathelijne de Busser 《GeoJournal》2006,67(4):283-294
Contrary to the absence of a uniform Spanish identity (a phenomenon that is often referred to as Spain being a ‘nation of
nations’), Spain’s confessional map is remarkably homogeneous. From the beginning of its existence as a political conglomeration,
Spain has been a mono-confessional Catholic territory. Even at present, Catholicism is an intrinsic feature of Spanish society
and – though officially a secular state – of state policy. A closer look at Spain’s religious situation and its corresponding
pattern of church–state relations reveals, however, some recent cracks in the century’s old bond between Spain and Catholicism.
Particularly secularization and religious pluralism challenge Spain’s mono-confessional Catholic nature, a development that
fits well into Spain’s post-Francoist focus on Europe and European (secular) values. This paper discusses Spanish church–state
relations from the beginning of its political existence until present times. Special attention will be paid to more recent
societal developments and their impact on religious Spain and church–state relations.
相似文献
| Cathelijne de BusserEmail: |
3.
Memorial landscapes: analytic questions and metaphors 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Over the past two decades, geographers have probed the intersection of collective memory and urban space. Their sustained
interest in the subject reflects an understanding of the social condition of commemoration and the important role that space
plays in the process and politics of collective memory. Along with other critical social scientists, geographers envision
these public symbols as part of larger cultural landscapes that reflect and legitimate the normative social order. A review
of the extant literature indicates that geographers scrutinize memorial landscapes through three conceptual lenses that may
be understood via the metaphors of ‘text,’ ‘arena,’ and ‘performance.’ These metaphors are in turn mobilized through a series
of analytic questions that serve to identify the interests served and denied by landscape ‘texts,’ the ‘arenas’ in which they
are produced, and the ways in which they are enacted via ‘performance.’ This article’s synopsis of the subfield’s predominant
metaphors and its attendant questions contributes to the ongoing cultural geographic project of articulating and implementing
methods for interpreting landscapes as open-ended symbolic systems.
相似文献
| Derek H. AldermanEmail: |
4.
Geographers show keen interest in projected images employed in tourism as these images both reflect the ideas of the image
producers and influence tourists’ perceptions and (spatial) behaviour. This article focuses on intentional and unintentional
projected images of the Netherlands. The former is especially selective: it relies on stereotypes and presents Holland. The
unintentional projected image created in four travel guides is less stereotyped. While the focus is still on Holland, other
areas of the country are presented as well. Both intentional and unintentional projected images rely on ’othering’ and ’alterity’
to make the Netherlands a unique destination and to offer the tourists a trip that is far from everyday life. However travel
guides use ’alterity’ in different ways and at different levels of scale to create a regional geography of the Netherlands
as well.
相似文献
| Bouke van GorpEmail: |
5.
This study seeks to gauge how far China’s container-related dynamics between 1990 and 2005 fit into the wider perspective
about transport and development within developing countries. In particular, attention is focussed on the role of specific
modes to determine the extent of the penetration of containers within China. Before addressing these key issues extant models
relating to an understanding of port and transport evolution in less-developed countries are recalled, synthesized and used
as a base upon which an appropriate review of China’s case can be conducted. Applying them to China’s northern, central and
southern port ranges not only helps assess the efficacy of these models but also highlights the contribution of individual
modes.
相似文献
| Claude ComtoisEmail: |
6.
Kevin E. McHugh 《GeoJournal》2009,74(3):209-218
This paper is an excursion in non-representational thought. The primacy of movement charges this creative geography. Movement
as sensation, thought, matter and memory crystallizes in ongoing assemblages (effects) we term selves and landscapes. This
movement ontology is animated by a stream of thought running through Bergson, Deleuze, and Massumi, and by Ingold’s temporality
of landscape. Memory is vital, as past (virtual) and present (actual) coexist, pushing forward in duration, the dynamic continuation
of movement and sensation. David Lynch’s film, The Straight Story, offers dramatic illustration of the entanglement of movement,
memory, and landscape. Landscape is emergent as relational lines of movement, an ongoing meshwork of practices and movement
signatures. Alvin Straight’s paced journey through Iowa on a John Deere lawn mower during autumn harvest is a road to reminiscence
and reconciliation, an American sublime. Lynch’s movement-images and soundscapes are sensorial undulations that illumine landscape
as movement of incorporation, ‘dwelling’ in the moment to moment, geographies of care. The take-home message is that we are
nothing more and nothing less than agents, next selves, ‘passing’ through. The collective trace of our ‘passings’ constitutes
the making and remaking of place.
相似文献
| Kevin E. McHughEmail: |
7.
Summary The question of alternative technologies for high-speed Internet access lies at the heart of rural development problems. In
this paper, we focus on one of those technologies, the system combining satellite technologies and Wi-Fi. Based on an empirical
study carried out in three rural areas, we analyze the dynamics of the use and appropriation of that technology by the companies
and organizations participating in the experiment. Considered both from a technical and social standpoint, the technology
‘in use’ appears here in its structuring dimensions.
相似文献
| Valérie FautreroEmail: |
8.
Kolson Schlosser 《GeoJournal》2007,69(3):199-210
This paper is a discourse analysis of classic US geopolitical texts which appropriate metaphors of the body to describe the
state and its defense. While critical political geographers have demonstrated the role of naturalist epistemologies in classic
geopolitics, I contribute to critical geopolitics literature by further examining the discursive economy of naturalism within
which US geopolitical discourse is embedded. More specifically, I employ the concept of intertextuality, as theorized by Julia
Kristeva and Roland Barthes in the 1960s, as a key analytical tool. In doing so, I argue that invocations of the ‘body politic’
in 20th century geopolitical texts are a version of bio-politics informed by a proliferating bio-medical discourse over a
similar time period. I furthermore argue that such metaphors serve to naturalize territorialized national identities and create
a spatial abstraction of a nationalized self in opposition to foreign ‘others,’ a discursive strategy used frequently to justify
militaristic state policies. This paper, then, also adds to literature on militarism and the environment by further analyzing
the discursive construction of the state in relation to an essentialized, abstracted nature.
相似文献
| Kolson SchlosserEmail: |
9.
In a media saturated world of globalization, information flow and knowledge economies, an interesting paradox exists: geographic
literacy appears to be on the decline while geographic information is on the rise. In this introduction to a collection of
essays on geographies of the media, we explore this paradox and use Baudrillard’s (1994) work on Simulacra and Simulation to argue that increased mediated information does not produce more meaning, but rather leads to a catastrophe of meaning
and the medium. Drawing from McLuhan’s axiom, “the medium is the message,” we posit that with more mediated information there
is less meaningful information and as such we need to address geographic media literacy as a primary mode through which to
address geographic literacy.
相似文献
| Jim CraineEmail: |
10.
Military activities have produced contaminated environments at many sites around the world. This contamination and the associated
health risks play a large role in how these places can be redeveloped after military use. In this essay we focus on the island
of Vieques, Puerto Rico which was used as a bombing range by the US military for six decades until 2003. We examine the ways
different groups of people perceive this formerly militarized landscape and the ways that these perceptions legitimatize certain
redevelopment options over others. Through participant observation, semi-structured interviews and an analysis of textual
materials we found that many local residents view the island as suffering from severe contamination while the large number
of visitors, tourism promoters and North Americans now flocking to the post-militarized Vieques view it quite differently.
These perceptions of purity and contamination, affected by different knowledges of the island’s history, have led to differing
valuation of the landscape and contentious economic, political, and cultural battles over an island often labeled “natural”
despite a history of military use and social exclusion.
相似文献
| Jeffrey Sasha DavisEmail: |
11.
Economic and social development indicators suggest that the small West African state of Sierra Leone is among the poorest
countries in the world. Sierra Leone’s economy and quality of life deteriorated rapidly during a decade of political instability
and civil war in the 1990s, when many people fled their homes and abandoned their livelihoods due to the rebel insurgency.
This paper examines the post-war reconstruction scenario in Sierra Leone and presents recent evidence from two rural communities
in the Eastern Province that were badly affected by the conflict. The paper considers the links between the farming and diamond
mining sectors, which, despite severe dislocation during the conflict period, have proved to be remarkably resilient. It is
argued that seasonal labour mobility associated with this dual economy has not only continued to be a key ingredient in sustaining
livelihood portfolios, but is actually an essential pre-condition for the creation of an enabling environment for sustainable
post-conflict return.
相似文献
| Tony BinnsEmail: |
12.
Sarah F. Ives 《GeoJournal》2009,74(3):245-255
Using a discussion of South African soap operas, I will place the idea of visuality in a discourse analysis that incorporates
a feminist epistemological lens, or an epistemology that integrates reflexivity and an acknowledgment of the dialogic nature
of visual media. Through this discussion, I will examine the possibilities that dialogism provides for unpacking and exploring
the politics of imperfect translation between the visual and the textual. These methodological interventions, I argue, will
help enrich discussions of the visual’s role in the contested realm of geographic imaginations and move beyond the distanced
position of the masculine gaze.
相似文献
| Sarah F. IvesEmail: |
13.
Ramadan and Bussorah Street: the spirit of place 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Rahil Ismail 《GeoJournal》2006,66(3):243-256
The presence of ‘seasonal spaces’ such as the Ramadan-related activities associated with Bussorah Street, Singapore, during
the holy Muslim month of Ramadan surfaces significant issues on the convergence and management of identity, heritage, space
and conservation important to all Singaporeans. Conservation projects to ‘prettify’ or commodify the historic district of
Kampong Glam, which contains Bussorah Street had to be revised to include the local tradition of the Ramadan food bazaar but
at the adjoining Kandahar Street. Undoubtedly, what is being underlined by this seasonal space is the affirmation of identity,
the reclamation of space and the possibility for improved management and economic viability of the Kampong Glam district.
However, as stressed in the paper, that while the spirit of Bussorah Street can be construed as forms of spatial or cultural
resilience, the new Malay Heritage Centre (Taman Warisan Melayu) located in the district acts as a strong reminder that, ultimately,
‘seasonal spaces’ are still subjected to the calculated considerations of the Singapore urban planners or the governing elite
with significant implications for those with strong ethnic and religious connections with the area and its Islamic heritage.
相似文献
| Rahil IsmailEmail: |
14.
Identifying China’s leading world city: a network approach 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
This paper reports our research on China’s world cities. Formal network analysis of air passenger linkages for recent years
among China’s most populous cities and among many of the world’s largest cities allows us to identify the country’s leading
world city from among the leading Mainland candidates, Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. We theorize our findings about China’s
world cities in relation to both global forces (and China’s increasing entanglement with them) and the policies and actions
of the national state. We examine the national and global urban network through a longitudinal, two-level analysis of airline
passenger travel for four time points between about 1990 and 2005. We show that Beijing was China’s leading world city at
the beginning of the time period, a status it lost nationally in as early as 1995, and then globally 10 years later. On the
other hand Shanghai became China’s leading world city, and it acquired this status first nationally in 2000, and then globally
in 2005. The changing status of the Chinese capital corresponds to the country’s increasing involvement with the capitalist
world economy. Shanghai’s ascendance as the leading world city in China may indicate that global forces have come to play
an increasingly important role relative to that of the developmental state.
相似文献
| Michael F. TimberlakeEmail: |
15.
The regionalization of urban natural disasters in China 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Jing-ai Wang Pei-jun Shi Xiang-sheng Yi Hui-cong Jia Lai-yin Zhu 《Natural Hazards》2008,44(2):169-179
An integrated urbanization level (CL) index and an integrated natural disaster intensity (QC) index were developed on the
basis of Disaster System Theory and China Natural Disaster Database for integrated urban disaster risk assessment. Integrated
quantitative assessments of the urban socio-economic system and the intensity of hazards in China were carried out by the
Model-Tupu (map series) and inter-feedback process using digital map technology. On the basis of this assessment, China can
be regionalized into three regions, namely, coastal urban disaster region, eastern urban disaster region and western urban
disaster region, 15 sub-regions and 22 units. These results can provide a scientific basis for determining a city’s disaster
risk management and natural disaster relief regionalization in China.
相似文献
| Pei-jun ShiEmail: |
16.
Krieger’s conceptualization and measurement of discrimination and internalized oppression in studies of adverse health outcomes 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Embodiment is a central concept in Krieger’s ecosocial theory, and is said to be of relevance to the understanding of the
relationship between social conditions and a variety of adverse health outcomes. The most detailed empirical investigation
of this in Krieger’s work is to be found in her studies of the relationship between racial discrimination and high blood pressure.
Of especial relevance here is the idea of internalized oppression which is said to explain the observed association between
self-reports of no racial discrimination and increased levels of blood pressure among working-class African Americans. Here
we critically examine the empirical evidence pertaining to internalized oppression. Specifically, we focus on the measurement
of the construct and the quality of the empirical evidence that has been presented in support of the hypothesis that there
is an association between internalized oppression and adverse health outcomes. We argue that the validity of the concept has
yet to be established and that the available data linking it to poor health outcomes are open to alternative explanations,
notably measurement error and misclassification.
相似文献
| Eugenia CondeEmail: |
17.
Giorgio Hadi Curti 《GeoJournal》2009,74(3):201-208
Ostensibly, subtitles in films serve as linguistic approximations of meaning. Expectedly then, much of the debate surrounding
subtitling has been concerned with representational accuracy, fidelity and authenticity. In this article I argue that by encountering
subtitles as affective bodily expressions, as opposed to approximate representations of pre-existent meanings or intentions,
filmic experiences may be(come) transformed and differently transformational. As a result, meaning and accuracy in subtitles
as superimposed signifiers or static representations become secondary to subtitles as spatially affective- and expressive-movements
intimately part of filmic scapes. The creative use of subtitling in Bekmambetov’s Russian language film Night Watch (Nochnoy dozor; 2006 [2004]) is discussed.
相似文献
| Giorgio Hadi CurtiEmail: |
18.
Post-Bam earthquake: recovery and reconstruction 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
This paper gives a brief explanation of the earthquake in Bam. It also reports on the rescue and relief operations, including
the construction of emergency shelters and temporary housing, and on the country’s plan for the reconstruction of the city,
which includes debris removal, the rebuilding of rural and urban residential and commercial units, the reconstruction of state
and public buildings and public facilities such as schools, rural and urban water aqueducts and grids, the construction of
a sewage system, power network and telecommunication system, the provision of water to orchards and farmlands, the renovation
of industries and the revival of the cultural heritage, particularly the historical Bam citadel, among others. We also report
briefly on the effect of the Bam earthquake on the Iran Earthquake Risk Reduction Strategy and actions.
相似文献
| Mohsen Ghafory-AshtianyEmail: |
19.
Hillary Jenks 《GeoJournal》2008,73(3):231-244
The “Little Tokyo” neighborhood of Los Angeles was the center of pre-internment community life for Japanese immigrants and
their children and is still considered the symbolic home of later generations of Japanese Americans in Southern California.
Drawing on three years of ethnographic research in Little Tokyo, I explore in this article how contemporary Japanese Americans
have used and transformed this ancestral landscape in order to express, contest, and formalize collective memories of the
Japanese American experience, particularly with regard to their place in the national body politic. Historical narratives
inscribed at many places in Little Tokyo, both informal and institutional, project a narrative of sacrifice, suffering, and
redemption in the context of internment and military service, articulating neatly with mainstream American tropes of overcoming
hardship as a process of ‘earning’ citizenship and its benefits. However, such narratives are also contested by alternative
interpretations and representations of these spaces that describe a special role for Japanese Americans in making demands
of their government, rather than just sacrifices to it. The resulting debates, disagreements, and even occasional consensus
around constructions of nation, identity, community, and belonging are rooted in the ‘sacred ground’ of Little Tokyo, gathering
meaning and persuasive power through their connection to a symbolically dense site of shared memory. The multiple memory projects
of this landscape reveal how Japanese Americans have envisioned their relationship to the concept of America, to each other,
and to other communities with shared experiences in a diverse metropolis.
相似文献
| Hillary JenksEmail: |
20.
Contract farmers in central Honduras have been producers of Asian vegetables for American markets since 1989. Contract farming
holds the potential to provide benefits to small farmers who would otherwise be unable to access export markets but production
relations between firms and farmers are often asymmetric and can be exploitative. Poor communication and legacies of mistrust
between commodity agriculture and small farmers lead to ambiguities in the contracting system that are misinterpreted by both
firms and farmers, creating social tensions between contracting parties. This article will consider how farmers’ navigation
of the contracting system and competition between export firms has led to changes in the system. Through competition for a
limited pool of outgrowers, firms adjust their policies in favor of farmers without explicit attempts of labor organization
on the part of the farmers.
相似文献
| Valerie ImbruceEmail: |