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1.
滇西北金沙江古特提斯洋早期演化时限及其性质:东竹林层状辉长岩锆石U-Pb年龄及Hf同位素约束 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
滇西北金沙江蛇绿岩带是古特提斯最重要的缝合带记录之一,本文对该带内的东竹林层状辉长岩进行了年代学、岩石地球化学及锆石Hf同位素研究。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年结果显示东竹林层状辉长岩形成于354±3Ma,表明金沙江古特提斯洋在早石炭世已扩张形成洋壳,暗示其裂解时期应为更早的泥盆纪。单颗粒锆石原位Hf同位素分析得到东竹林层状辉长岩锆石εHf(t)=10.3～12.6,平均值为11.5,明显低于结晶时亏损地幔值;单阶段亏损地幔Hf模式年龄tDM1为478～576Ma,平均值为523Ma,明显大于成岩年龄354Ma。锆石Hf同位素结果显示金沙江古特提斯洋地幔受到了富集组分的影响。岩石微量元素特征显示富集组分可能来自特提斯连续演化过程中早期的俯冲作用带入的壳源物质。结合区域演化特征,认为金沙江古特提斯洋是在弧后盆地基础上发展起来的洋盆,它不能构成古特提斯的主大洋,而是古特提斯洋的一个重要分支,分隔着中咱-中甸地块与昌都-思茅地块。 相似文献
2.
保山地块北部晚白垩世岩浆岩成因及其构造指示：全岩地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素制约 总被引：10，自引：8，他引：2
滇西保山地块晚白垩世-古近纪岩浆活动代表了新特提斯演化阶段的一次重要岩浆事件,其岩浆岩成因、源区属性及地球动力学背景尚不明确。本文对出露于保山地块北部漕涧地区的花岗岩类进行了全岩地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素组成研究。2件样品锆石U-Pb年龄结果分别为73.32±0.19Ma(MSWD=0.68)和73.44±0.20Ma(MSWD=1.3)。岩体具有高硅(SiO2=73.76%~74.74%)、富碱(K2O+Na2O=8.14%~8.62%)、过铝质(A/CNK=1.15~1.23)特征,在SiO2-K2O岩石判别图解上属钾玄岩系列;明显富集Rb、U及Th等大离子亲石元素和Pb,相对亏损Nb、Ta及Ti等高场强元素;具有强烈的轻重稀土分馏(LREE/HREE=8.5~15.1),球粒陨石标准化配分曲线表现出明显的负Eu异常(δEu=0.29~0.43)特征。锆石εHf(t)值十分集中(-5.0~-3.5),对应的Hf同位素地壳模式年龄tC DM为1352~1496Ma。这些地化特征和Hf同位素组成综合表明槽涧岩体属于晚白垩世S型花岗岩,其可能来源于保山地块中元古代地壳基底的深熔作用,物质来源为富黏土的泥质岩。构造环境判别图解中样品均落入同碰撞花岗岩区域。综合研究表明,保山地块发育有85~83Ma、~73Ma和66~60Ma三期过铝质花岗岩类,预示该地区在晚白垩世-古新世存在持续的地壳伸展减压作用。基于区域大地构造背景,本文提出了如下岩浆岩形成构造演化过程:(1)早白垩世中特提斯洋的闭合导致保山地块西侧地壳增厚;(2)晚白垩世新特提斯洋板片北东向俯冲过程中可能发生过海沟回撤作用,导致先存加厚地壳发生减压熔融,岩浆上侵形成漕涧岩体。综合对比西藏冈底斯岩浆带和腾冲地块同一时代花岗岩锆石Hf同位素数据,表明保山地块基底属性明显不同于腾冲地块和拉萨地块南部。 相似文献
3.
由于哀牢山古特提斯洋盆精确闭合时间一直存在争议,从而制约了我们对该区古特提斯洋演化及印支造山运动过程的完整认识。碎屑岩作为造山作用在地壳浅表响应的产物,保存了其物源区深部岩浆作用的重要信息,可有效地约束洋盆演化和造山过程的精细时空格架。本文选择对哀牢山构造带及其东侧地区中-上三叠统碎屑锆石年代学和Hf同位素开展了系统的研究,结果显示:构造带内部三叠统样品除了缺少240~325 Ma年龄群外,与东侧地区同时代碎屑岩样品相似,均具有480~560 Ma和900~1200 Ma两个主要年龄群,对应的εHf(t)值分别为?16.75~+17.00和?15.39~+19.20;而两地区上三叠统样品具有基本相同的年龄频谱特征,均显示250~330 Ma、480~580 Ma和920~1240 Ma三个主要年龄群,对应的εHf(t)值分别为?10.67~+12.15、?10.06~+9.57和?12.25~+15.62。综合本次研究结果与前人数据,表明哀牢山构造带内中-上三叠统及其东侧地区三叠系碎屑物质主要来源于构造带内的岩浆岩,有少量老地层再循环的贡献。进一步的源区分析指出,哀牢山古特提斯洋在早三叠世已闭合。此外,基于哀牢山构造带及两侧地区普遍缺失下三叠统地层和大量发育早-中三叠世碰撞有关的岩浆岩的特征,显示我国哀牢山地区与越北地区印支造山运动在二叠纪末-早三叠世同时开启,中-晚三叠世,哀牢山构造带进入碰撞后伸展阶段。 相似文献
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西藏拉萨地块阿翁错—盐湖岩浆弧的成因是解决班公湖—怒江特提斯洋俯冲极性和时限的关键。本文选取阿翁错北岩体中的二长花岗岩进行岩相学、锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学与Hf同位素研究。结果表明：阿翁错北二长花岗岩的锆石206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为(107.0±0.5) Ma,MSWD＝2.6,属早白垩世晚期。样品表现为高硅、富钾的高钾钙碱性岩石系列,A/CNK值介于1.006～1.019之间,属弱过铝质;微量元素富集大离子亲石元素Rb、K、U、Th及轻稀土元素（LREE）,亏损Nb、Ta、P、Ti等高场强元素,具中等至弱的负Eu异常（δEu=0.55~0.78）,属弱过铝质未分异的I型花岗岩。二长花岗岩样品锆石初始Hf同位素εHf(t)值除1颗锆石达11.1外,其他17颗锆石介于3.7~6.3之间,平均值5.0,Hf同位素二阶段模式年龄变化于928~765 Ma之间。基于同位素以及岩石地球化学数据,阿翁错北岩体很可能是新生地壳熔融产生的长英质岩浆与镁铁质岩浆发生不均一混合作用形成,并有少量幔源物质的参与。结合拉萨地块中北部岩浆岩Hf同位素研究分析,阿翁错—盐湖岩浆弧形成于班公湖—怒江特提斯洋后退式俯冲的构造体制下,阿翁错北岩体的形成时代（107~104 Ma）代表了由断离板片俯冲末期向碰撞环境转化的时限。 相似文献
5.
西南三江永平卓潘碱性杂岩体源区与形成机制:全岩元素、锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素联合约束 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0
永平卓潘碱性杂岩体是三江特提斯新生代钾质岩浆带重要组成部分,位于兰坪盆地西缘。岩石类型主要为正长辉石岩、辉石正长岩、正长岩以及少量霞石正长岩。岩石化学性质显示高碱、高K_2O/Na_2O比值、低TiO_2和高Al_2O_3的特征。岩体微量元素显示富集大离子亲石元素(LILE),相对亏损高场强元素(HFSE)元素,特别是"Ta-Nb-Ti"负异常更明显,具有典型俯冲带岩浆的特征。稀土总含量都比较高,LREE富集,HLEE相对亏损,Eu负异常不明显或无Eu负异常,(La/Yb)_N值较大介于38.2～80.3之间。对卓潘岩体的正长岩和正长辉石岩2个样品进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,年龄分别为33.40±0.38Ma和34.22±0.33Ma。正长辉石岩εHf(t)值介于-10.6～-4.3之间,二阶段模式年龄在1356～1759Ma之间。卓潘碱性杂岩体不同岩性的稀土元素配分曲线和微量元素原始地幔标准化图解基本一致,表明卓潘碱性杂岩体不同类型的岩石是同源岩浆演化的产物。岩体的Nb/U均值为2.95介于俯冲带流体和全球俯冲沉积物之间以及岩体微量元素明显亏损高场强元素Ti、Nb、Ta,稀土元素表现为轻稀土富集、无或弱的负Ce和负Eu异常,暗示了岩浆源区存在俯冲的洋壳或陆壳沉积物的流体或熔融体与岩石圈地幔的交代富集作用。岩浆源区经历晚石炭世-晚二叠世(305～250Ma)古特提斯昌宁-孟连洋和古特提斯金沙江-哀牢山洋双向俯冲,岩石圈地幔发生富集作用并形成富钾的交代岩石圈地幔。在新生代,新特提斯洋岩石圈从印度大陆岩石圈断离,引发交代富集大陆岩石圈地幔拆沉,热的软流圈上涌,熔融交代的富钾岩石圈地幔,岩浆侵位分异形成卓潘岩体。 相似文献
6.
在通过锆石U-Pb方法测定岩浆活动时代的过程中总会获取或多或少的继承锆石年龄数据,这些数据对于揭示岩浆岩所处构造单元的构造-岩浆事件序列具有独特优势。本文选择印度-欧亚大陆侧向碰撞带内NEE走向的始-渐新世岩浆岩带作为研究对象,详细收集、梳理该岩浆岩带内现有测年结果中的继承锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素数据,采用统计分析方法,尝试探讨被该岩浆岩带穿越的扬子、印支、保山、腾冲地块的构造-岩浆事件及其序列,对比分析其大地构造亲缘性和地块拼贴历史。继承锆石U-Pb年龄频率分布和Hf同位素数据统计结果显示,扬子与印支地块记录了相同的晋宁期、加里东期、印支期构造-岩浆事件,而腾冲与保山地块则记录了相同的加里东期、印支期构造-岩浆事件。结合现有地层学、古生物和古地磁等方面数据,我们提出扬子-印支与腾冲-保山地块作为两个具有不同结晶基底的独立地块,分别就位于古生代-早中生代古大洋(原、古特提斯洋)的两侧,该大洋板块双向俯冲于这两个地块之下,在两个地块内留下了可高度对比的构造-岩浆事件。由此提出,正向碰撞带班公湖-怒江缝合带内完备的地质记录与侧向碰撞带之间的关联、哀牢山洋的构造属性等是值得深入探究的重大问题。 相似文献
7.
青藏高原西南部赛利普超钾质火山岩富集地幔源区和岩石成因:锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素制约 总被引：15，自引：5，他引：10
西藏拉萨地块西南部赛利普钾质-超钾质火山岩为一套含地幔包体的粗面安山岩,高K_2O,MgO、Cr、Ni含量,K_2O/ Na_2O比值和Mg~#,为地幔低度部分熔融的原始岩浆,或经橄榄石、单斜辉石或Fe-Ti氧化物分离结晶。岩石强烈富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素、亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti,富集放射性成因Sr、Pb和Nd同位素,指示岩浆源区为富集地幔。采用LA-ICP-MS测定赛利普钾质-超钾质火山岩三件样品的18颗新生岩浆锆石U-Pb年龄为15.8～19.2Ma,其中钾质岩石样品SL0628中11个点的加权平均值为17.7±0.3Ma,与他人获得的~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar年龄一致。三件样品中新生岩浆锆石的ε~(Hf)(t)变化范围为-7.6～3.9,平均地壳模式年龄(t_(DMC)=0.86～1.59Ga)变化较大,除两个分析点显示亏损特征外,总体显示富集特征,表明岩石源于富集源区,但有少量亏损地幔物质加入。三件样品共获得49颗继承锆石的U-Pb年龄介于20～1907Ma,其Hf同位素组成(ε_(Hf)(t)=-25.9～5.3)和平均地壳模式年龄(t_(DMC)=0.79～4.08Ga)变化较大;其中的37颗年龄较小的继承锆石(20～110Ma)指示地幔源区可能受到四期明显的岩浆改造事件(62.2～64.0Ma,43.3～55.1Ma,29.5～37.7Ma和20.1～27.4Ma)和两个岩浆活动间歇期(70～90Ma和37.7～43.3Ma)。在拉萨地块首次发现29.5～37.7Ma的岩浆活动,并发现与林子宗火山岩同期的、Hf同位素富集的岩浆活动(62.2～64.0Ma,ε_(Hf)(t)=-21.2～3.0)。三件样品中49颗继承锆石的Hf同位素研究表明源区富集组分可能源自拉萨地块古老地壳基底和俯冲的印度大陆地壳。赛利普钾质-超钾质岩石形成可能是印度大陆地壳前缘撕裂和分段俯冲的结果。 相似文献
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本文系统报道了缅甸抹谷变质带中部Yinmabin花岗闪长岩体及其基性岩墙的主量元素、微量元素及锆石U-Pb年龄和Lu-Hf同位素组成,重点讨论了花岗闪长岩和基性岩墙的岩石成因、物质来源及其地质意义。抹谷Yinmabin花岗闪长岩体主量元素显示富钠(N2O/K2O=1.5~1.75)、准铝(ACNK=0.94~0.97)和钙碱性岩石系列的地球化学特征。样品富集轻稀土(LREE)元素、大离子亲石元素(LILE),相对亏损高场强元素(HFSE)。岩体的主、微量元素地球化学特征均显示其具有活动陆缘I型花岗岩的地球化学属性。抹谷Yinmabin花岗闪长岩的锆石U-Pb年龄为131~135 Ma,其εHf(t)值在-15.66~-2.99之间,平均值为-8.77,单阶段模式年龄(tDM)为795~1569 Ma;而后期侵位的辉绿岩的锆石U-Pb年龄为120~118 Ma,其εHf(t)值在-13.72~+5.82之间,平均值为-2.72,单阶段模式年龄(tDM)为570~1341 Ma,表明这些岩石可能主要来源于古老下地壳部分熔融但同时也受到地幔物质的加入混染。与滇西以及北拉萨岩浆带的Lu-Hf同位素特征十分相近,暗示抹谷-毛淡棉地块早白垩世岩浆岩带与波密-察隅-高黎贡-拉萨岩浆岩带形成环境相似,可能是腾冲岩浆岩带向南延伸的一部分。结合岩石成因、源区性质和区域构造演化,认为抹谷花岗闪长岩体及基性岩墙的形成与中特提斯洋板块的俯冲作用密切相关,同时俯冲-碰撞转换的时限应该在120 Ma左右。这对于研究抹谷地体在中生代期间中特提斯洋俯冲碰撞过程具有重要的地质意义。 相似文献
9.
金沙江结合带是三江特提斯构造域重要的结合带之一，是研究金沙江古特提斯洋陆俯冲-碰撞演化过程的重要窗口.然而，关于金沙江古特提斯碰撞闭合的准确时限争议颇多.选择位于藏东地区金沙江结合带西侧的贡觉花岗岩体为研究对象，对其中大规模出露的石英二长岩进行了年代学、地球化学和Hf同位素分析.LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年结果显示石英二长岩形成于231±1 Ma，代表了金沙江结合带晚三叠世岩浆活动事件.锆石Hf同位素分析获得石英二长岩锆石εHf（t）为-8.3~-5.5，二阶段模式年龄TDMC为1 611~1 788 Ma.岩石地球化学特征表明，石英二长岩为钾玄岩-高钾钙碱性系列的I型花岗岩，富集K、Th、Rb等大离子亲石元素，亏损Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf等高场强元素.此外，地球化学特征显示石英二长岩形成于碰撞环境，贡觉地区在晚三叠世早期（~231 Ma）处于碰撞挤压向后碰撞伸展环境的转换阶段，石英二长岩为下地壳中基性变质火成岩部分熔融的产物.结合前人研究，认为金沙江古特提斯洋是由南向北逐渐闭合的，区域地质背景的差异性和古特提斯洋斜向碰撞的复杂性是导致金沙江结合带不同地区碰撞闭合时限不一致的主要原因. 相似文献
10.
冈底斯带南部桑日高分异I型花岗岩的岩石成因及其动力学意义 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
冈底斯岩浆岩带位于西藏南部的拉萨地体南缘,它形成于特提斯洋和印度-亚洲大陆长期俯冲碰撞过程中,是青藏高原花岗岩最发育的地区。前人对冈底斯岩浆带中各类型花岗岩的成因、源区、时空分布以及其地球动力学意义进行了详细大量的研究,但是对高分异花岗岩的具体成因、演化过程以及在70~65Ma拉萨地块的地球动力学演化过程研究较少。本文选择冈底斯南缘白垩纪末桑日花岗岩进行研究,揭示了桑日花岗岩的岩石学特征、锆石U-Pb年龄、锆石Hf同位素特征和地球化学特征。本文样品LA-ICP-MS测得的锆石U-Pb年龄为67~66Ma。桑日花岗岩属于高钾钙碱性系列,具有高Si O2(74.26%~76.93%)、高K2O+Na2O(7.87%~8.56%),低P2O5(0.02%~0.04%)和Ca O(0.28%~1.00%),以及富集K、Rb、Th,亏损Nb、P、Ti的高分异I型花岗岩的特征。在锆石Hf同位素上,桑日花岗岩εHf(t)0(+4.6~+10.9),且具有Hf不均一的特征。结合前人研究,本文认为桑日花岗岩是高分异I型花岗岩,在特提斯洋板块北向俯冲过程中,板片回转,俯冲洋壳脱水产生的流体进入地幔楔,引发地幔楔发生部分熔融产生镁铁质幔源物质并底侵上涌,导致浅部地壳发生部分熔融,并与幔源岩浆混合,从而在浅部形成混源岩浆房,最终在侵位与成岩后期经历高程度的分异演化形成的。 相似文献
11.
Police, politics, and the right to the city 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Mustafa Dikeç 《GeoJournal》2002,58(2-3):91-98
Space and spatiality have recently been at the core of debates concerning the political possibilities of the city. The arguments advanced in this paper might be seen as an attempt to contribute to these debates through a reflection on the spatiality of (in) justice, politics, and the right to the city. The case of French urban policy, with its focus on distressed urban areas, and the `suburban problem' in France are used as examples to make arguments more concrete. 相似文献
12.
13.
14.
Average concentrations of Pb, Zn, Cu, and other metals, as well as S and As, were calculated for the Aue granitic cupola,
the contact aureole of which hosts the large vein-type uranium deposit of Schlema-Alberoda and the Schneeberg uranium-base
metal deposit (Erzgebirge, Germany). The cupola was exposed by mine workings and boreholes, which provided an opportunity
to evaluate variations in the abundances of metals in the granites over a vertical interval of more than 2.5 km and estimate
their losses in the upper oxidized part of the investigated volume of the cupola (coefficient of iron oxidation, KO
Fe, increases in the granites from bottom to top from 7 to 70%) compared with the lower unaltered and unoxidized part (with
a KO
Fe plateau at about 5%). The average concentrations of metals in the upper part of the cupola are lower than those in the lower
part by a factor of 2.5 for Pb, 1.56 for Zn, 1.45 for Cu, 1.3 for Co, etc. A similar decrease in the abundances of ore elements
along the vertical section associating with the relative epigenetic alteration and oxidation of the granite was previously
described by us for U and Th and for the components of high-temperature ores, W, Sn, and Mo. The removal of ore elements from
the granite was accompanied by a decrease in the bulk contents of sulfur and arsenic by a factor of 1.35 and 1.65, respectively.
The leaching of trace metals from the granites of the upper part of the Aue cupola was followed by their partial redeposition
above the cupola in the ore veins of the Schlema and Schneeberg deposits.
Original Russian Text ? Vikt. L. Barsukov, N.T. Sokolova, O.M. Ivanitskii, 2006, published in Geokhimiya, 2006, No. 9, pp.
967–982. 相似文献
15.
Text, talk, things, and the subpolitics of performing place 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This article tells the story of how a group of Dutch and Belgian citizens organized themselves to promote an area that they valued, to put it on the map, to raise awareness about its qualities, and to protect it from urban and industrial development. Our theoretical perspective focuses on the performative and political aspects of this place-making process and the discursive and material practices involved. We connect this to Beck’s concept of subpolitics.Our findings show how the group performed this place not only through text and talk - giving the area a name, using their knowledge and expertise to raise awareness about its values, lobbying and cooperating with decision-makers -, but also through things - installing art objects and information signs that articulate certain characteristics and values of the area. Our findings demonstrate the struggles involved in these performances. The group involved multiple perspectives on what the important values and characteristics of the area are and on what strategies would work best in trying to influence decision-making and protect the area. However, the use of expertise as the main strategy to gain influence excluded the more critical and activist strategies and privileging archaeological and historical values and characteristics came at the expense of attention on agricultural and natural values.Our findings make clear that performing place cannot be taken to be homogeneous and that it inevitably involves multiple perspectives and demands. The struggles, power relations and dynamics of inclusion and exclusion that this multiplicity implicates reveal a form of sub-politics that involves both politicization and depoliticization. Also, it is a form of subpolitics that is more diverse and ambiguous than Beck’s conceptualization presupposes by its emphasis on the role of outsiders as a homogeneous group. 相似文献
16.
Humboldt, Arago, and the temperature of groundwater 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Stanley N. Davis 《Hydrogeology Journal》1999,7(5):501-503
17.
Shaofeng Wang Yongfeng Jia Shuying Wang Xin Wang He Wang Zhixi Zhao Bingzhu Liu 《Applied Geochemistry》2009,24(9):1702-1711
Mercury contamination in aquatic environments is of worldwide concern because of its high biomagnification factor in food chains and long-range transport. The rivers, estuary and the bay along the northwestern Bohai Sea coast, northeastern China have been heavily contaminated by Hg due to long-term Zn smelting and chlor-alkali production. This work investigated the distributions of total Hg (THg) and monomethylmercury (MMHg) in the water, sediment and hydrophytes from this area. Concentrations of THg in sediment (0.5–64 mg kg−1) and water (39–2700 ng L−1) were elevated by 1–3 orders of magnitude compared to background concentrations, which induced high concentrations of MMHg in these media. The highest concentration of MMHg in sediment reached 35 μg kg−1, which was comparable to that in the Hg mining area, Wanshan, China, and the highest MMHg concentration of 3.0 ng L−1 in the water sample exceeded the MMHg Chinese drinking water guideline of 1.0 ng L−1. Concentrations of THg in a sediment profile from Jinzhou Bay were found to be consistent with annual Hg emission flux from a local Zn smelter (r = 0.74, p < 0.01), indicating that Hg contamination was mainly caused by Zn smelting locally. For some freshwater hydrophytes, concentrations of THg and MMHg ranged from 5.2 to 100 μg kg−1 and 0.15 to 12 μg kg−1, respectively. Compared to sediment, concentrations of THg in hydrophytes were 2–3 orders of magnitude lower but MMHg was comparable or higher, indicating that the bioaccumulation in plants was distinct for the two Hg species studied. The data suggest that a significant load of Hg has been released into the northwestern coastal region of the Bohai Sea. 相似文献
18.
The behavior of trace elements under conditions of partial melting of granitoid rocks has been studied. The element’s partition coefficients between minerals and the melt Dimin/melt depends, in the first place, on the composition of the primary melt. In biotite the HREE Di are a little below 1, while those of LREE, especially Di for Ce, are 1–3 orders of magnitude less. This leads to an efficient differentiation of REEs in anatexic melts especially when biotite is the main mineral phase of restite. On the contrary, there are feldspars, the Di of which cannot provide such a magnitude of differentiation. Unlike garnets and pyroxenes, whose stability in restite permits enrichment of anatexic melts produced in migmatization zones with Nb, Ti, and Cr, the presence of biotite in restite causes depletion of melts with those elements as well as with Rb. Feldspars, under conditions of their fractional crystallization or during differentiation of an anatexic melt, deplete the latter with Sr, Ba, and Rb, but enrich it with Nb, Ti, Cr, Y, Zr, and V. 相似文献
19.
E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
20.
The dielectric constants and dielectric loss values of 4 Ca-containing minerals were determined at 1 MHz using a two-terminal method and empirically determined edge corrections. The results are: vesuvianitel κ′ a=9.93 tan δ=0.006 κ′ c=9.79 tan δ=0.005 vesuvianitel κ′ a=10.02 tan δ=0.002 κ′ c=9.85 tan δ=0.003 zoisite1 κ′ a =10.49 tan δ=0.0006 κ′ b =15.31 tan δ=0.0008 κ′ c=9.51 tan δ=0.0008 zoisite2 κ′ a =10.55 tan δ=0.0011 κ′ b =15.45 tan δ=0.0013 κ′ c=9.39 tan δ=0.0008 epidote κ′ 11= 9.52 tan δ=0.0008 κ′ 22=17.1 tan δ=0.0009 κ′ 33= 9.37 tan δ=0.0006 fluorapatite1 κ′ a =10.48 tan δ=0.0008 κ′ c = 8.72 tan δ=0.0114 fluorapatite2 κ′ a =10.40 tan δ=0.0010 κ′ c=8.26 tan δ=0.0178 The deviation (δ) between measured dielectric polarizabilities as determined from the Clausius-Mosotti equation and those calculated from the sum of oxide polarizabilities according to α D (mineral)=∑ α D (oxides) for vesuvianite is ～ 0.5%. The large deviations of epidote and zoisite from the additivity rule with Δ=+ 10.1 and + 11.7%, respectively, are attributed to “rattling” Ca ions. The combined effects of both a large F thermal parameter and possible F-ion conductivity in fluorapatite are believed to be responsible for Δ=+2–3%. Although variation of oxygen polarizability with oxygen molar volume (Vo) is believed to affect the total polarizabilities, the variation of Vo in these Ca minerals is too small to observe the effect. 相似文献