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1.
依据前人对岩石圈层结构的认识和地震反射界面揭示的沉积充填,本文对南海北部深水及超深水区域的现今地温场特征及岩石圈热结构进行了计算。结果表明：南海北部深水及超深水区具有“热盆”特征,超深水区较深水区更热,但超深水区沉积基底的现今温度较深水区低。大地热流值的总体变化趋势表现为从深水区向超深水区逐渐增高,与地壳和岩石圈向南减薄趋势一致。南海北部深水及超深水区具有“冷壳热幔”的岩石圈热结构特征。地壳热流主要由基底的构造形态和地壳减薄程度控制,地幔热流则只受控于岩石圈基底埋深。 相似文献
2.
渤海湾周缘高温地热异常区是华北重要的地热资源区,研究其浅层高温地热异常及深层高温地热结构,是解决中国东部高温地热勘查开发瓶颈的重要基础,对加快构建东部现代能源体系、推进“双碳”目标进程具有重要的科学意义。利用最新的中国大陆岩石圈速度模型USTClitho2.0和航磁资料,在大地热流资料约束下,本文计算了渤海湾周缘浅层与深层高温热结构,结果表明:该区居里面平均深度20.8km,居里温度420℃,中、上地壳高温热结构与居里面起伏形态密切相关。上地壳生热率随深度增大而递减,反映了放射性生热元素向上迁移、在浅层富集的垂向分异特征。Moho面温度在600～800℃之间,岩石圈底界面1300℃等温面深度在66.3～97.5 km之间,平均值为76.8 km。依据USTClitho2.0模型Vp、Vs速度结构,本文修正了前人的地壳分层结构及上地壳生热率,计算了研究区内全部91个大地热流点的壳幔热流比,结果表明:Qc/Q=56.4%、Qm/Q=43.6%, Qc/Q>Qm/Q,显示该区为“热壳”结构。前人认为此区是“冷壳热幔”型热结构,本文的计算结果修正了前人的认识,指出上地壳层热流在地表总热流... 相似文献
3.
南海北部陆缘地壳结构特征及其构造过程 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
根据“北部湾大陆缘地壳结构ＰＳ转换波测深”等地球物理测量结果,本文研究了南海北部陆缘的地壳结构特征,讨论了其白垩纪以来的构造过程。地球物理测量表明,由陆向海,南海北部陆缘地壳由陆壳、过渡壳变为洋壳,厚度由３４ｋｍ减薄至８ｋｍ左右。垂向上地壳为３层结构模式。陆壳、过渡壳和洋壳的下地壳Ｐ波速度普遍较高。地壳伸展系数的计算表明南海北部陆缘伸展主要发育于陆坡地区。结合区域地质研究,本文认为：南海北部陆缘及 相似文献
4.
海南岛高精度航磁数据分析及其居里等温面反演，对于探究海南岛及其相邻的南海大陆边缘的深部热结构具有重要研究意义。本文通过对海南岛航磁异常数据的化极和上延处理，分析了岛内不同构造单元的磁异常特征及其空间展布。并在此基础上，利用功率谱法，反演计算出岛内区域居里等温面的深度分布，结合海南岛区域地质演化、大地热流值、莫霍面与岩石圈深度以及地震测深剖面等资料，获得了如下认识：① 海南岛航磁异常带主要呈现近东西向与北东向展布，近东西向磁异常带被北东向异常错断和干扰，揭示了近东西向构造带要明显早于北东向构造带。② 海南岛居里等温面深度变化于16 ~ 34 km 之间，平均深度为24 km，其中，琼北新生代火山- 沉积盆地居里等温面深度明显偏深，大致相当于本区莫霍面深度，最深可达35 km，相对应的大地热流值偏低。③ 琼中- 万宁与东方- 昌江褶皱造山区的居里等温面深度明显偏浅，最浅仅为16 km，明显低于本区莫霍面深度，对应较高的大地热流值。④ 综合本文与前人研究结果表明，海南岛岩石圈厚度为55 ~ 90 km，为典型的去根减薄的岩石圈，莫霍面的温度为600 ~ 900 ℃，局部异常高的莫霍面温度，可能与本区软流圈地幔置换古老岩石圈地幔提供了热量有关。 相似文献
5.
南海西北部重磁场及深部构造特征 总被引：9，自引：3，他引：9
通过对南海重磁数据的重新处理,得到南海西北部自由空间重力异常图、布格重力异常图、磁异常图和化极磁异常图,并对所反映的地球物理场特征加以分析。根据重力场资料对研究区的地壳结构进行了反演计算,结果表明地壳厚度在10～38km之间,总的趋势由陆向洋逐渐减薄,对应于地壳类型从陆壳、过渡壳到洋壳的分布特征。根据磁力资料计算了居里面深度,其埋深变化于11～27km之间,在陆区居里面是下地壳顶界面和莫霍面之间的另一个物性界面,而在海区则接近于莫霍面埋深。 相似文献
6.
《地学前缘》2017,(3):27-40
南沙海槽前陆盆地是我国南海南缘陆架区重要的含油气盆地,海槽之下陆壳减薄的原因、前陆区逆冲推覆构造的变形机制是南海地球动力学研究的重要科学问题。利用地震、重磁、地热观测资料,依据地震沉积地层分析、重磁反演分析、地幔流应力场分析、热-流变学分析方法,文中计算了南沙海区地壳结构特征、南沙海槽逆冲推覆热-流变学结构。结果表明:南沙海区Moho面深度在18~26km,其中海槽区Moho面最浅,由海槽中心向东南至陆坡,Moho面由20km快速下降到26km深度,说明南沙海区陆壳结构曾发生过强烈的构造变动。南沙海区地壳累积流变强度FC与岩石圈累积流变强度FL之比小于80%,显示为一个整体陆壳地块,岛礁区大部分地段地壳热流QC与海底热流Q0之比大于60%,为"热壳冷幔"型热结构,而海槽区情况正相反,QC/Q0小于40%,为"冷壳热幔"型热结构。南沙海槽Moho面温度在300~700℃,地壳整体温度较低,地温梯度在垂向上高、低相间成层分布,地壳浅层地温梯度在15~30℃/km,深层地温梯度大于45℃/km。南沙海槽南北两侧应力分布特征不同,北侧挤压,南侧伸展。北侧挤压区,地层挤压收缩量由深向浅减小,南侧伸展区,地层伸展量由深向浅增大,类似手风琴风箱结构。北侧黏滞系数高、流变强度大,南侧黏滞系数低、流变强度小。南侧的黏滞系数、流变强度大约比北侧低2~3个数量级,因此南沙海槽南侧比北侧更容易发生构造变形。由计算结果推测,南沙Moho面起伏或陆壳减薄与"地壳重力均衡作用"和"地幔热隆升作用"有关,海槽东南缘逆冲推覆体构造变形机制主要是"地壳缩短"作用,其次是"重力滑脱"作用。文中没有涉及南沙陆块不同地质时期Moho面、"地壳均衡"、"地幔热隆升"之间的演化关系,也没有涉及南沙海槽基底变形中"弹性挠曲"和"逆冲推覆"之间的关系。 相似文献
7.
盆地的形成是深部过程的浅部响应,其中不同尺度拉张因子的变化能够反映岩石圈的伸展特征。运用基于弹性梁模型和挠曲均衡原理的2D构造模拟软件对横穿南海东北部地区的两条地震-地质剖面进行模拟,计算上地壳、全地壳和岩石圈尺度拉张因子。结果表明,南海东北部岩石圈伸展存在横向非均质性和深度相关的伸展现象:(1)不同坳陷中心的拉张因子从陆架-陆坡-海盆区有变大的趋势;(2)三种尺度的拉张因子之间存在明显差异,并且这种岩石圈深度相关的伸展现象在陆架和陆坡地区表现不同:陆架范围内上地壳和全地壳尺度的拉张因子在数值上相近,而在陆坡向洋壳方向,岩石圈、全地壳尺度拉张因子在数值上比上地壳尺度拉张因子大的差别趋势越来越明显。分析认为南海东北部岩石圈深度相关的伸展模式与海底扩张早期温度较高且黏滞性较小的下地壳在陆坡向海盆方向的流动性大于陆架地区有关。南海东北部伸展盆地的形成经历了岩石圈在陆内裂谷阶段均匀伸展以及大陆边缘裂谷阶段深度相关的伸展作用过程。 相似文献
8.
南海是中国唯一发育有洋壳的边缘海,是世界四大海洋油气聚集中心之一。油气勘探表明,南海的油气田分布在北部、西部和南部陆缘沉积盆地内,而大中型油气田集中分布在西部海域盆地中,自北而南有莺歌海—琼东南盆地、万安盆地、湄公盆地、曾母盆地和文莱—沙巴盆地,且以含气为主,含油次之。此外,这一区域深水区还存在多个潜在的大型含油气盆地。研究发现,南海的油气分布与深部岩石圈结构有密切关系。在构造上,南海的含油气盆地位于岩石圈块体边缘或之上,受控于大型岩石圈断裂的发育与演化。在油气富集的盆地中,莫霍面显著凸起,与盆地基底形成镜像,地壳厚度最薄处仅数千米厚,热流值明显较周围地区高,热岩石圈厚度大大减薄。地震层析成像结果反映,这些盆地深部发育一条规模宏大的北西向上地幔隆起带,自红河口向东南穿越南海西部海盆,一直延伸到婆罗州东北部地区,在宏观上控制了南海的油气分布与富集。 相似文献
9.
南海北部深水区新生代盆地三层结构及其构造演化 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
位于陆壳与洋壳之上的大陆边缘记录了大陆裂解-大洋打开的全部过程,是研究地球动力学的重要场所.南海北部深水区盆地位于南海北部大陆边缘,新生代盆地表现为裂陷期盆地、裂后拗陷期盆地及裂后洋盆沉降期盆地3层结构.裂陷期盆地表现为一系列地堑及半地堑结构,拗陷盆地表现为中间厚两侧薄的“碟形”盆地特征,裂后拗陷期盆地表现为大陆坡局部加厚,向南海洋盆方向厚度逐渐减薄的“挠曲”盆地形态.南海北部深水区盆地经历了3期构造演化过程,盆地表现出不同的动力学机制.裂陷期盆地受地幔物质上涌影响表现为水平伸展作用为主,盆地内普遍发育伸展构造样式,裂后拗陷期盆地表现为区域均匀沉降特征.而裂后洋盆沉积期受南海强烈沉降作用的影响表现出明显的向南海洋盆倾斜特征.大陆架-陆坡-深海平原的构造格局主要形成于裂后洋盆沉降期.南海及其北部盆地下伏地幔物质活动的差异性决定了盆地内的3层结构的形成演化过程. 相似文献
10.
南海及邻区处于欧亚大陆与冈瓦纳古陆拼合带的东南端,是特提斯构造域和濒太平洋构造域交汇的重要地区.特提斯缝合带沿金沙江-哀牢山构造带进入南海,人们从而认为南海可能存在特提斯洋遗迹,并认为缝合带存在于磁静区中.本文通过对南海北部陆坡地球物理资料的解释结果,包括重力、磁力、海底地震和深反射地震数据,以及区域地质特征分析,研究了南海北部陆缘高磁异常带和磁静区的成因.结果表明高磁异常带是中白垩世时期古太平洋板块转向俯冲形成的陆缘火山弧,当时存在古俯冲带.磁静区经历了后期大陆边缘张裂和古南海和南海的打开,并经历了高温热物质的底辟作用,使得地壳拉张减薄,居里面抬升形成磁静区.经历了南海的扩张后,原始的俯冲带可能已经向南迁移到南海南部或者已经俯冲消失,其中也不存在缝合带. 相似文献
11.
M. O Olorunfemi A. A Adepelumi D. E Falebita O. A Alao 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2013,6(5):1657-1667
Spectral analysis method was applied to aeromagnetic data obtained for Ikogosi warm spring (IWS) area of southwestern Nigeria. This was done with the objective of determining the bottom of the magnetized crust called Curie point depth (CDP) and understand the nature and extent of the local geothermal system at depth beneath IWS. The depth to the centroid, Z o, of the deepest distribution of the magnetic dipoles was obtained by computing least-squares fit to the lowest-frequency segment of the azimuthally averaged log power spectrum. The average depth to the top of the deepest crustal block was computed as the depth to the top, Z t, of the second lowest-frequency segment of the spectrum. The depth to the bottom of the deepest magnetic dipoles, the inferred Curie point depth, was then calculated from Z b?=?2Z o???Z t. The Curie depth estimates for IWS range between 4.68 and 11.38 km (below sea level). We also estimate the heat flow and Curie temperature using a one-dimensional conductive heat transport model. The average heat flow, 42 mW m?2, and geothermal gradient, 32°C/km, obtained suggest a low enthalpy thermal regime. The Curie temperature for the region varies between 153°C and 350°C. Also, an inverse linear relationship between heat flow and Curie depths was determined. Good agreement between the Curie point depths derived from heat flow data and magnetic data suggests that the Curie point depth analysis is useful to estimate the regional thermal structure and the tectonic settings. 相似文献
12.
Subsurface thermal structure in Tohoku district are characterized by existing data such as geothermal resources maps, drill hole thermal gradients, Curie point depths and hypocenters distribution maps. The collected data are registered in a database system, then, compared in plan view, cross-section and bird's-eye pictures. The comparison indicates that subsurface temperatures extrapolated from drill hole thermal gradients are generally concordant to the Curie point depth, assumed to be 650 °C. Tohoku district is generally divided into 5 type areas; fore arc lowland, fore arc mountain country, Quaternary volcanic terrain, back arc lowland and back arc mountain country. The surface thermal manifestations in Quaternary volcanic terrain are mainly controlled by the magma chambers as heat sources, while, surface thermal features such as hot springs in non-volcanic areas are controlled by degrees of heat flows, and hydrothermal flows in permeable Cenozoic formations and along permeable fault zones. 相似文献
13.
Curie Point Depths Beneath Precordillera Cuyana and Sierras Pampeanas Obtained from Spectral Analysis of Magnetic Anomalies 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A gravity and magnetic survey has been carried out with the purpose of investigating geophysical features of the crusts beneath three geological provinces in western Argentina: Cuyo Precordillera, the Sierras Pampeanas of San Juan and La Rioja, and Famatina System, the results of which are displayed in three maps: Bouguer anomaly, total field magnetic anomaly and total field reduced to the pole.
The top and bottom boundaries of the magnetized crust were calculated from power-density spectra of the total-field anomalies from our terrestrial database in 90 2D windows. The depths obtained for the bottom of magnetized crust are assumed to correspond to Curie point depths. The values thus obtained for the Precordillera range between 29 and 40 km, whereas for the Sierras Pampeanas, in the Sierra de Pie de Palo, and other mountain chains along the Bermejo-Desaguadero lineament or Valle Fértil lineament, such depth ranges between 20 and 35 km. These results are consistent with Curie point depths determined on different continental regions in the world.
A map of regional heat flow has been prepared in the present work based on the depth of the Curie point isotherm, which shows that heat flow patterns in Precordillera are different from those found in Sierras Pampeanas.
A significant heat flow extending in Northeast-Southwest direction seems to be directly related to Juan Fernández Ridge trace.
The results of the present investigations also point out a possible relationship between the base of the magnetized crust and the boundary separating the brittle from the ductile crustal regime. 相似文献
14.
Research on the characteristics and influencing factors of terrestrial heat flow in Guizhou Province 
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下载免费PDF全文 Wei Shuai-chao Liu Feng Zhang Wei Wang Gui-ling Yuan Ruo-xi Liao Yu-zhong Yan Xiao-xue 《地下水科学与工程》2022,10(2):166-183
Terrestrial heat flow is an important physical parameter in the study of heat transfer and thermal structure of the earth and it has great significance in the genesis and development and utilization potential of regional geothermal resources. Although several breakthroughs in geothermal exploration have been made in Guizhou Province. The terrestrial heat flow in this area has not been properly measured, restricting the development of geothermal resources in the province. For this reason, the terrestrial heat flow in Guizhou was measured in this study, during which the characteristics of heat flow were determined using borehole thermometry, geothermal monitoring and thermal property testing. Moreover, the influencing factors of the terrestrial heat flow were analyzed. The results show that the thermal conductivity of rocks ranges from 2.0 W/(m·K) to 5.0 W/(m·K), with an average of 3.399 W/(m·K); the heat flow varies from 30.27 mW/m2 to 157.55 mW/m2, with an average of 65.26 ± 20.93 mW/m2, which is slightly higher than that of the average heat flow in entire land area in China. The heat flow in Guizhou generally follows a dumbbell-shaped distribution, with high values present in the east and west and low values occurring in the north and south. The terrestrial heat flow is related to the burial depths of the Moho and Curie surface. The basaltic eruptions in the Emeishan led to a thinner lithosphere, thicker crust and lateral emplacement, which dominated the basic pattern of heat flow distribution in Guizhou. In addition, the dichotomous structure of regional active faults and concealed deep faults jointly control the heat transfer channels and thus influence the terrestrial heat flow. 相似文献
15.
The Curie point depth map of Eastern Iran was constituted from spectral analysis of the aeromagnetic data. The reduction to pole (RTP) was applied to the magnetic anomaly data. The Curie point depth values from 165 overlapping blocks, 100 × 100 km in size, have been estimated. The Curie point depth method provides a relationship between the 2-D FFT power spectrum of the magnetic anomalies and the depth of magnetic sources by transforming the spatial data into the frequency domain. The centroid and top depth of the magnetic sources (respectively Z0 and Zt) is calculated from radially averaged log power spectrum for each block. Finally, the Curie point depth of Eastern Iran is obtained by Zb = 2Z0–Zt. The highest value of 24 km is located in eastern and western boundaries of the Lut block, and the lowest value of 12 km is located at north of study area. The shallow depths in the Curie-point depth map are well correlated with the young volcanic areas and geothermal potential fields. Geothermal gradient ranging from 24 to 45°C/km. The deduced thermal structure in eastern Iran has a relationship with orogenic collapse associated with delamination of thickened lithospheric root between the Lut and Afghan continental blocks. 相似文献
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The Curie point depth of continental crust can reflect the regional tectonic pattern and geothermal structures. Analysis of magnetism is an efficient way to obtain the Curie point depth on a regional scale. This study systematically investigated the Curie point depth of Sulu (苏鲁) ultrahigh pressure (UHP) metamorphic belt (33°40'N to 36°20'N and 118°E to 120°E, ca. 60 000 km2), eastern China using aeromagnetic data. The results show that the Curie point depth of the Sniu region varies from 18.5 to 27 kin. The shallowest Curie point depth (ca. 18.5 km) is located in Subei (苏北) subsidence, where the estimated temperature gradient value is about 31.35℃/kin, which is comparable with the measured value of 30℃/krn. In addition, a two-dimensional numerical solution of the heat conduction was used to calculate the temperature field to a depth of 30 km along the profile from Tancheng (郯城) to Lianshui (涟水) with a length of 139 km. The steady state model solved using the finite element method shows that the temperature around the Curie point depth is about 585.36℃, which is close to the Curie temperature (580 ℃) of magnetite at atmospheric pressure. These results provide new insights into the tectonic and continuous thermal structures of the Sulu UHP metamorphic belt. 相似文献
18.
高精度航磁数据分析与挖掘是揭示区域性断裂带空间展布与岩石圈热结构的重要手段之一.为了揭示辽宁及其邻区航磁异常与区域性断裂带关系,估算其居里面深度与岩石圈厚度,本文在对航磁数据进行化极的基础上,利用功率谱法反演了研究区居里面深度;采用一维稳态热传导方程,计算了辽东?渤海湾地区岩石圈厚度.研究表明:（1）辽东、辽西与渤海湾地区存在多条北东向/北北东向航磁异常带,它们是晚中生代以来太平洋板片俯冲作用背景下,活动大陆边缘长期伸展与短暂挤压状态交替演变的产物;而辽北地区被北东向磁异常带错断的近东西/北西西向航磁异常带,则是古亚洲洋闭合后碰撞造山晚期伸展抬升至中地壳层次的构造形迹.（2）辽宁及其邻区居里面深度在16~40 km之间,平均深度为28 km,阜新与盘锦等居里面隆起区对应的大地热流值相对偏高;而沈阳与辽源居里面坳陷区对应的大地热流值偏低.（3）辽宁及其邻区岩石圈厚度具有空间非均匀性,变化范围为70~150 km,平均值为100 km;郯庐断裂带附近的营口?鞍山地区下方岩石圈厚度最薄,为60~80 km;辽东与渤海湾地区岩石圈厚度空间非均匀性可能是晚中生代以来太平洋板片俯冲诱导的上升流与克拉通岩石圈内部先存的构造薄弱带共同作用的结果. 相似文献
19.
Hydrochemical signatures of deep groundwater circulation in a part of the Himalayan foreland basin 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Groundwater samples were analyzed from 71 springs and wells as part of a larger study in a region of compressional tectonic
regime. The study site covers the Peshawar basin and surroundings in the Himalayan foreland of Pakistan. The northern portion
is mountainous and the water table is discontinuous in different intermontane valleys, with abundant springs (with normal
and anomalous temperatures and composition). The southern part is divided into isolated basins with a number of drilled (“deep”)
and dug (“shallow”) wells. Hydrochemical signatures of elevated strontium (Sr), SiO2, boron (B)—and the geothermometric signatures—all indicate a deep circulation of the emerging groundwater. Moreover, for
several of the sample sites, water chemical compositions, measured spring and water well temperatures, and reservoir temperatures
calculated for spring waters, all point to origin from deep horizons within the basin. Remarkable proximity of all the thermal
and hydrochemical anomalies to major faults suggests that the waters ascended along these faults from greater depths. The
area is a natural western extension of the Himalayan Geothermal Belt described in earlier literature for the eastern and central
Himalayas. 相似文献
20.
The bottom of the magnetized crust determined from the spectral analysis of magnetic anomaly is interpreted as a level of the Curie point isotherm. A spectral analysis technique was used to estimate the depth of the magnetic anomalies sources (Curie point depth analysis) of the eastern shore of the Gulf of Suez, Egypt. The depth to the tops and centers of the magnetic anomalies are calculated by azimuthally averaged power spectrum method for the whole area. The results obtained suggests from this study showed that the average depth to the top of the crustal block ranges between 1.15 and 1.9 km, whereas the average depth to the center of the deepest crustal block ranges between 9.1 and 12.7 km. Curie point depths in the study area range between 14.5 km in the northwestern part of the study area and 26 km in the southeastern part of the study area. The results imply a high geothermal gradient (34.7 °C/km) and corresponding high heat flow value (72.87 mW/m2) in the northwestern part of the study area. The southeastern part of the study area displays a low geothermal gradient (24.26 °C/km) and low heat flow value (50.9 mW/m2). These results are consistent with the existence of the possible promising geothermal reservoir in the eastern shore of the Gulf of Suez especially at Hammam Faraun area. 相似文献