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1.
在考虑土体分层特性的基础上,分别建立了管桩桩周土体和桩芯土体的水平振动控制方程。通过引入势函数并考虑桩周土和桩芯土径向位移和环向位移的边界条件及其奇偶性,求得了管桩-土动力相互作用的刚度系数和阻尼系数。将土体模拟为连续分布的弹簧-阻尼器,并考虑桩芯土和桩周土的作用,建立了层状土中管桩的水平振动方程。借助初参数法和传递矩阵法求解了管桩的水平振动,得到了管桩桩顶的水平动力阻抗。通过数值分析,得到了土层剪切模量、管桩壁厚、桩周土和桩芯土剪切模量比、土层厚度等对管桩桩顶动力阻抗的影响规律。土层剪切模量、管桩壁厚、桩周土和桩芯土剪切模量比对层状土中管桩水平振动的影响主要在低频处,土层厚度在较宽的频率范围内对管桩水平振动有影响;管桩壁越厚,桩周土的剪切模量越大时,管桩水平动力阻抗的绝对值越大。 相似文献
2.
地埋管与土相互作用分析模型及其参数确定 总被引：9，自引：3，他引：6
对地埋管道结构分析,考虑管道与土的相互作用问题是非常必要的。其相互作用问题可归结为界面处接触应力的确定,为此,基于地埋管道受力特征的实测结果,建立了地埋管道与土的相互作用分析组合模型,并给出了模型参数的确定方法。由于管与土和管与基床的相对刚度对管土接触面上分布应力的影响显著,在确定其相互作用模型参数时,利用实测结果对其进行了修正,从而,将管道刚度的影响融入到相互作用分析模型中。 相似文献
3.
基于层状体系解析刚度矩阵理论解,结合5节点Gauss-Legendre求积公式,提出了层状地基中顶管施工正面附加推力、掘进机与土体之间摩擦力以及共同作用力引起的附加荷载计算方法,分析了顶管推进引起的土体竖向附加荷载分布规律,也研究了地基等效均质性、土层力学参数、计算点间距以及顶管埋深等因素对顶管施工诱发附加荷载的影响效应。研究结果表明,掘进摩擦力引起的附加荷载在掘进面前方迅速达到压应力峰值,其量值大小和影响范围均要大于正面附加推力,是顶管施工引起临近地层附加荷载的主要影响因素。此外,层状地基土体参数的改变会对顶管施工扰动地层的附加荷载产生一定影响,地基等效均质性、计算点间距以及顶管埋深等因素对附加荷载大小及分布均存在显著影响。成果可为合理制定顶管开挖对周围土工环境的保护措施提供一定理论依据,也可为其他盾构隧道工程提供一定的理论参考。 相似文献
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地埋非圆形管道与土相互作用的分析计算 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
对地埋箱形涵道和蛋形管道结构的设计计算,现行的方法是给定作用荷载值和分布,按结构力学方法求解。实际上作用于管道上荷载是随管土的相对刚度而变化的。为此,采用管土相互作用的Winkler模型和传递矩阵法,提出地埋箱形和蛋形管道结构计算的新方法。通过对箱形和蛋形管道与土相互作用的分析计算表明,即使是“刚性”的箱形管道也应考虑与土的相互作用。最后讨论了模型参数、埋深以及管道结构尺寸的变化对管道受力与变形的影响,说明了考虑地埋管道与土的相互作用,对地埋箱形和蛋形管道结构的设计计算才更符合实际。 相似文献
5.
地埋管道与土相互作用平面分析与计算方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
地埋管道上实测的土压力并不是按现行计算方法假定形状分布的,其分布形式与管土的相对刚度及施工埋设方式密切相关。为此,依据现场实测和模型试验得到的地埋管道受力特征,在平面应变条件下,采用建立的管-土相互作用分析Vlazov模型来模拟管-土之间的相互作用,考虑管道不同的埋设条件、管周的不同充填介质及管-土相互作用引起的土压力状态等情况,建立了地埋管与土相互作用平面问题的传递矩阵分析法。并设计了可视化计算机软件,实现了计算手段的创新。运用此软件对现场埋管工程作了分析计算,并与实测结果进行比较,验证了所建立的计算方法的正确性。 相似文献
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深基坑支护结构分析的共同变形法 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在分析基坑工程通用弹性地基梁法优缺点的基础上,建立了考虑结构变形与土体相互作用的共同变形法计算模型及分析程序。通过分析及计算比较认为,运用共同变形法计算时,可采用与通用弹性地基梁法相同的地基反力系数,文中讨论了土体水平地基反力系数的取值方法对计算结果的影响。研究表明,共同变形法在实践中是可行的并较通用弹性地基梁法更合理。 相似文献
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铺设于深海浅层地基上的海底管道在运行期间受高温高压等的作用易产生轴向膨胀和收缩，间歇性的往复剪切管道周围浅层地基土，对这种管道轴向运动过程中管?土相互作用机制需深入研究。基于修正剑桥模型建立了浅埋式管道在运行期间的轴向运动过程的小变形有限元分析（SSFE），采用有效应力指标，得到了不同初始埋深的管道在轴向运动过程中地基土在临界塑性剪切固结阶段的轴向阻力随时间发展规律（S形管?土轴向阻力发展曲线），探究了不同剪切速度下剪切带内地基土的超孔隙水压力、管?土界面摩擦系数、反映管?土接触面形状的楔形变形因子ζ以及管?土之间轴向阻力等的发展变化规律，研究发现轴向剪切产生的超孔压是速度和时间的函数，随着轴向运动速度减小，峰值超孔压的值减小且出现峰值超孔压的时间推迟。管道轴向运动过程中地基土由不排水条件向排水条件过渡的内在机制做出了较完整的阐述。 相似文献
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基于土体的三维波动模型研究了饱和土中单个管桩的竖向振动。将桩周土和桩芯土视为两相多孔介质,管桩视为等截面的圆管杆单元。在考虑桩周饱和土和桩芯饱和土径向位移和竖向位移的情况下,建立了基于土体三维波动模型的饱和土-管桩竖向耦合振动模型。借助势函数和分离变量法并考虑土体边界条件,求解了考虑土体三维波动的桩周饱和土和桩芯饱和土的竖向振动。在此基础上,考虑管桩桩端边界条件,利用三角函数正交性求解了饱和土中单个管桩的竖向振动,得到了管桩桩顶的竖向复刚度。通过数值算例,对比分析了土体三维波动模型解和不考虑土体径向位移的简化模型解的计算结果,分析了主要桩、土参数对饱和土中管桩竖向振动的影响。研究表明：当管桩壁较薄时且低频时不应忽略土体径向位移的影响,在动态刚度因子和等效阻尼随频率变化曲线峰值峰谷处不宜忽略土体液相的影响,管桩壁不宜过薄。管桩壁厚、长径比、桩芯饱和土与桩周饱和土密度比、剪切模量比以及桩-土模量比对饱和土中管桩竖向振动有较大影响,在进行管桩设计时需要综合考虑相关参数。 相似文献
10.
A simple model which describes the soil–pipe interaction and accounts for the longitudinal soil variation has been developed. It is used for the analysis of the static response of a section of a buried sewer. A probabilistic analysis (Monte-Carlo method) enabling to quantify the influence of spatial variability of the geomechanical characteristics of the soil makes possible to study the parameters which can influence and drive the longitudinal response of a section of sewer. The system response is complex, soil–structure interaction depending on three different stiffnesses: soil stiffness, pipe components stiffness and joints stiffness. Various analyses have been performed to identify the parameters whose influence is the larger. A specific attention has been devoted to the fluctuation scale of the soil properties and to the stiffness of joints. 相似文献
11.
考虑土体-结构-流体耦合作用,研究流体脉动对浅埋输液管道轴向应力的影响.基于流固耦合、管-土耦合理论,建立了浅埋管道动力学分析模型,应用力平衡条件,推导了浅埋管道的静力及动力方程,并利用行波方法求取了动力方程的解析解.在此基础上,研究了管道应力特性.结果表明:流固耦合对浅埋管道应力有较大影响,较小幅值的压力脉动可使管道应力大幅增加.同时,讨论了管道埋深、土质条件及管道半径对管道应力的影响.在相同流体脉动激励下,管道应力随覆盖层厚度、土体刚度、管道半径增加而减小. 相似文献
12.
A simple model for the prediction of the deflation threshold shear velocity of dry loose particles 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
A very important parameter in aeolian equations is the deflation threshold shear velocity, which quantifies the instant of particle motion. In this paper, a simple model is presented for the prediction of the threshold shear velocity of dry loose particles. It has the same functional form as the widely used models of Bagnold (1941) and Greeley & Iversen (1985), but differs in its treatment of the so‐called threshold parameter. As the new expression was based on the moment balance equation used by Greeley & Iversen, it includes a function for the aerodynamic forces, including the drag force, the lift force and the aerodynamic moment force, and a function for the interparticle forces. The effect of gravitation is incorporated in both functions. However, rather than using an implicit function for the effect of the aerodynamic forces as in the Greeley & Iversen model, a constant aerodynamic coefficient was introduced. From consideration of the van der Waals' force between two particles, it was also shown that the function for the interparticle cohesion force is inversely proportional to the particle diameter squared. The model was calibrated on data reported by Iversen & White (1982). The new expression compared, at least for terrestrial conditions, very well with the Greeley & Iversen model, although it is much simpler. It was finally validated with data from wind‐tunnel experiments on different fractions of dune sand and sandy loam soil aggregates. The soil aggregates were treated as individual particles with a density equal to their bulk density. The good agreement between observations and predictions means that, when predicting mass transport of particles above a given soil, minimally dispersed particle‐size distributions should be considered rather than the granulometric composition of the soil. 相似文献
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群桩中各基桩在地基土中的加筋与遮帘效应是客观存在的,然而,在目前的桩基沉降理论与实践中,相关的研究仍显不足。基于剪切变形法理论,考虑桩的加筋与遮帘效应,求得各基桩在自身桩顶荷载作用下产生的沉降以及其引起相邻桩的附加沉降量,由此提出群桩中任两桩的相互作用系数简化公式,同时,也得到各基桩桩侧及桩端桩-土接触等效弹簧刚度,并基于荷载传递法原理,建立了成层地基条件下各基桩在自身桩顶荷载作用下的桩身位移平衡方程,推导出各土层层顶处桩身沉降、轴力与层底处桩身沉降、轴力之间的递推关系,进而将公式推广到高、低承台群桩基础计算中。工程算例分析表明,用该方法计算有较高的精度,求得的荷载-沉降曲线及两桩相互作用系数与实测值吻合较好;相互作用系数要明显小于弹性理论计算结果。 相似文献
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拱北隧道暗挖段作为港珠澳大桥珠海连接线的重点工程,首次运用管幕冻结法进行施工。该法综合管幕法和人工地层冻结法的优势,可在隧道断面形成“顶管?冻土帷幕”复合支护体系,有效实现“承载”与“顶管间止水”的双重目标,确保隧道开挖时的稳定与安全。为获得“顶管?冻土”复合结构的温度、变形与力学特性,基于相似理论自主研发构建一套相似模型试验系统并开展试验研究,同时利用有限元软件COMSOL Multiphysics建立数值计算模型进行模拟验证。结果表明:复合结构的冻结温度场因空、实顶管及其内部冻结器的布置形式呈现不均匀分布特征,冻土形成速率在冻结后期明显变缓;土体竖向冻胀变形在60~160 min内急剧增大,且冻胀量随深度增加而增大,整体规律与温度场分布密切相关;土体冻结产生的冻胀力对顶管水平受力影响较大,空顶管相对刚度较小而产生较大水平变形;在加载阶段,顶管受力与变形均以竖向为主。因空、实顶管刚度差异和冻土厚度不均匀的共同影响,空顶管竖向变形包含了“弯曲”与“压扁”并具有非线性特征,其跨中截面底部竖向位移峰值约为实顶管的1.6倍;加载至0.28 MPa时,管间冻土首先发生破坏,进而导致顶管间封水功能失效,实际施工中应重点监测空顶管的变形规律、管间冻土帷幕的温度变化及其完整性。研究成果可为管幕冻结法的施工与监测提供参考,也可为热力耦合数值计算模型提供验证依据。 相似文献
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In the future, the more frequent occurrence of severe heat waves and long dry periods due to climate change can cause lowering of the ground water level and therefore consolidation of the soil. Consequently, increased differential settlements are expected that may damage underground water infrastructure. Models were developed to assess the impact of differential settlements on pipe failure. The main concept of these models is that the pipe-soil system is schematized as a beam on an elastic foundation using Winkler type springs. For climate change induced settling, a parametric function of the soil settlement is proposed. A Monte-Carlo analysis has been applied to predict pipe failure probabilities. 相似文献
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针对含细颗粒砂土的反常剪切行为,开展了双轴剪切试验的数值模拟,从宏细观角度分析了其反常剪切行为发生的内在机制。数值模拟结果表明,增加围压能提高含细颗粒砂土的抗剪切液化能力,该反常行为的根本原因在于围压上升使得粗细颗粒更有效地参与了力链传递,增加了颗粒间的接触,增强了土体的密实度。细颗粒在土骨架中的移动对砂土的液化起着至关重要的作用,而粗颗粒仅起次要作用。研究表明,细颗粒在剪切过程中会持续从有效土骨架中移出成为无效颗粒,而部分粗颗粒也因失去细颗粒的支撑作用会脱离土骨架,直至试样最终液化。细颗粒一般参与土骨架中的弱力链,而粗颗粒则一般参与强力链,导致细颗粒较粗颗粒更容易在土骨架中移动。 相似文献
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基于明德林解的土钉内力计算方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
土钉内力计算是土钉墙设计计算的关键指标,通过虚拟开挖应力模拟土钉墙开挖状态,假定面层受力为0,提出了钉土剪力在潜在滑动面两侧沿土钉方向呈双三角形分布的计算模型,推导了钉土剪力和土钉轴力的计算公式。利用Mindlin应变解,得到在虚拟开挖应力和钉土剪力共同作用下潜在滑动面位置土体及土钉端部土体侧向位移,根据钉土剪力分布模型计算得到土钉在潜在滑动面位置的弹性变形。根据钉土剪力在潜在滑动面位置等于0的特点,得到钉土相对位移在潜在滑动面位置为0的结论,结合潜在滑动面位置两侧土钉轴力大小、相等方向相反,可以得到钉土剪应力计算公式中未知系数,从而得到土钉轴力和钉土剪力。通过与法国CEBTP大型试验1号墙实测数据的对比分析,初步验证了基于Mindlin解的土钉内力计算方法的合理性和可行性。 相似文献
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Pierpaolo Oreste Giovanni Spagnoli Cesar Alejandro Luna Ramos Lisa Sebille 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2018,36(4):2143-2169
Hyperstatic Reaction Method considers the interaction between the shotcrete lining and the rock mass modelling half tunnel section by beam elements connected by nodes, which can develop bending moments, axial forces and shear forces. The interaction between ground and support is represented by Winkler type springs in the nodes of the numerical model, in the normal and tangential direction. 1944 analyses were developed considering three different tunnel radius values (2.0, 4.5 and 7.0 m), three different rock types (RMR = 40, RMR = 60 and RMR = 80), three different stress ratios acting on the linings (\(K = 1, \,K = 0.5\) and \(K = 0\)), three different lining thickness values (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 m) and three values of the average elastic modulus of the shotcrete (6000, 9000 and 12,000 MPa). Besides, also two different stiffness values of the tangential springs at nodes were considered. Results show that the lining thickness and the elastic modulus of the shotcrete have a strong influence on the bending moment values which develop inside. The maximum axial force is not practically influenced by the lining elastic modulus and thickness. Both maximum bending moments and maximum axial forces increase in a linear way with the vertical load value; tunnel radius, \(K\) and RMR values of the rock mass have also a great influence on the maximum bending moment and axial force. Besides, it is possible to note how the absence of shear interaction between the lining and the rock mass causes bending moment values in the lining higher with respect to the case where the stiffness of the tangential springs at nodes equals to half the stiffness of the normal springs. For this reason, the neglectance of the shear interaction between the lining and the tunnel wall leads to an overdesign of the SC lining. 相似文献
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The pile-to-pile interaction was obtained for vertically loaded piles embedded in homogeneous poroelastic saturated soil. Deduced from Biot’s theory, the fundamental functions of the quasi-static development for the force, displacement and pore pressure were acquired in cylindrical coordinates. The pile–soil system was decomposed into extended soil and fictitious piles, and the compatibility condition was set up between the axial strain of the fictitious piles and the corresponding average strain over the extended soil. This approach results in the governing equations, which consist of the Fredholm integral equations of the second kind and the basic unknowns of the axial forces along the fictitious pile shaft. The axial force and settlement along the pile shaft were calculated based on the axial forces of the fictitious piles. The interaction between the piles was investigated under different consolidation conditions through a two-pile model, and two pile interaction factors were obtained. Stemming from the two-pile analysis, numerical analyses on the settlement of the pile groups were conducted to probe pile interaction with consolidation. The conventional solutions for the single-phase soil-pile problem seem to underestimate the interaction factor if the consolidation effect is taken into account as pile settlement continues. The pile-to-pile interaction can also aggravate the percentage of consolidation settlement (PCS), and as the pile number increases, the value of the PCS will also increase. Several key factors, such as the pile stiffness, pile slenderness ratio and pile spacing, are investigated to better understand the impact of consolidation on pile analysis. 相似文献