共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 831 毫秒
1.
土的基本力学特性及其弹塑性描述 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6
Cam-clay模型是在等向加载试验基础上建立起来的且能够描述正常固结土在常规三轴试验条件下应力-应变关系的最简单弹塑性模型,是建立各种土的弹塑性本构模型的基础。文中分别按加载方式的不同和土组构的不同,对描述与应力状态、应力历史、应力路径、持荷时间等因素有关的加载方式下土应力应变特性的弹塑性本构模型进行了归纳。对反映不同组构所形成的结构性、各向异性和颗粒破碎等特性的弹塑性本构模型进行了综述,并着重介绍了描述应力状态的三维化方法、反映应力历史影响的超固结土模型和模拟渐近状态路径的渐近状态模型等典型研究成果。 相似文献
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《岩土力学》2020,(2)
为研究排水边界条件对饱和软黏土强度特性的影响,利用GDS-DYNTTS动三轴仪开展了饱和软黏土的不排水试验和自由排水试验。采用控制体应变与轴向应变增量比ξ的方法进行了部分排水条件下饱和软黏土的强度特性试验,从孔隙水压力、p-q平面的有效应力路径和渐近状态特性等方面研究了排水边界条件对饱和软黏土力学特性的影响。基于渐近状态特性和剪胀特性,将应变增量比ξ引入应力路径本构模型,建立了饱和黏性土渐近状态本构方程。通过与孔压、有效应力路径实验结果的对比验证了模型的合理性。试验结果表明饱和黏性土的应变增量比ξ应小于0.3;排水条件影响正常固结黏土剪胀性的发挥程度、有效应力路径以及土的抗剪强度大小。随着应变增量比ξ的增大,饱和黏性土的孔隙水压和有效应力比减小而强度增大。试验后期,饱和黏性土试样长期处于临界状态,改变排水条件可抑制或加速土体的破坏。 相似文献
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《岩土力学》2021,(2)
为研究排水边界条件对饱和软黏土强度特性的影响,利用GDS-DYNTTS动三轴仪开展了饱和软黏土的不排水试验和自由排水试验。采用控制体应变与轴向应变增量比ξ的方法进行了部分排水条件下饱和软黏土的强度特性试验,从孔隙水压力、p-q平面的有效应力路径和渐近状态特性等方面研究了排水边界条件对饱和软黏土力学特性的影响。基于渐近状态特性和剪胀特性,将应变增量比ξ引入应力路径本构模型,建立了饱和黏性土渐近状态本构方程。通过与孔压、有效应力路径实验结果的对比验证了模型的合理性。试验结果表明饱和黏性土的应变增量比ξ应小于0.3;排水条件影响正常固结黏土剪胀性的发挥程度、有效应力路径以及土的抗剪强度大小。随着应变增量比ξ的增大,饱和黏性土的孔隙水压和有效应力比减小而强度增大。试验后期,饱和黏性土试样长期处于临界状态,改变排水条件可抑制或加速土体的破坏。 相似文献
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本构模型的三维化对反映材料在三维应力状态下的力学特性具有重要意义。在π平面上,广义Mises三维化方法不能反映应力洛德角对材料变形和强度的影响,g(θ)等方法不能合理地反映应力水平对变形和强度的影响。变换应力三维化方法考虑了应力洛德角影响,数学表达简洁,不增加模型参数,便于计算应用。将作者等人所提的超固结非饱和土本构模型与基于SMP（spatially mobilized plane）的变换应力方法结合,实现了超固结非饱和土的三维化,达到了从剪切屈服到剪切破坏的连续过渡。该模型能够描述不同应力洛德角下超固结非饱和土的硬化、软化、剪胀特性,并与试验数据进行了对比 相似文献
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在深入探讨海相沉积原状软黏土压缩、变形等力学特性和详细分析加载屈服面随荷载情况变化的基础上,确认了海相沉积原状软黏土的强度、变形特性与结构屈服应力密切相关。即当固结压力小于结构屈服应力时,其力学特性与超固结重塑土的力学特性类似;当固结压力大于结构屈服应力时,其力学特性与正常固结重塑土的力学特性类似。为描述海相沉积原状软黏土的上述力学特性,将姚仰平等提出的超固结重塑土本构模型引入到海相沉积软黏土弹塑性本构模型的构建中。在本构模型构建过程中,考虑了海相沉积原状软黏土具有的抗拉强度及其演化规律,软黏土强度包线的特点及其进一步修正的表达式,使模型更符合海相原状软黏土的强度、变形特性。最后,将3种不同海相沉积软黏土固结排水剪切试验得到的应力-应变-体变曲线与模型预测结果进行对比。比较结果显示,本文提出的弹塑性本构模型能很好地描述海相沉积原状软黏土的剪缩硬化、剪胀软化以及变形的应力水平依存性等力学特性。 相似文献
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煤矿的深度开挖、核废料的地下储存和能量桩的广泛应用等诸多的岩土工程问题都需要考虑温度对软岩力学特性的影响。为了能较为全面地描述软岩的力学特性,基于上下负荷加载面,引入温度等价应力的概念,在tij应力空间下构建了一个可同时考虑温度效应、中间主应力影响、结构性、超固结性等软岩力学特性的弹塑性本构模型。新模型的所有参数都具有明确的物理含义。通过理论曲线与试验结果进行对比,验证了所提本构模型的正确性。最后通过改变模型参数,对新本构模型的性能进行了分析讨论。计算结果表明：（1）增大超固结比发展控制参数m或者减小结构状态发展控制参数m*,将会提升软岩的剪切强度。（2）随着温度的上升,软岩的剪切强度反而减弱。（3）初始的超固结比越大,软岩的剪胀特性更明显;而初始的结构性较大时,其体积应变在剪切的最后阶段表现为剪缩。 相似文献
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不同应力路径下剪切带的数值模拟 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
采用回映应力更新算法,编写了基于伏斯列夫面的超固结黏土本构关系模型子程序,嵌入非线性有限元软件ABAQUS。通过对单元试验进行三轴压缩、三轴伸长及平面应变等问题的模型预测,再现了超固结黏土在不同初始超固结比和应力路径时的变形和强度特性,从而验证了子程序的正确性。借助该本构模型,对三轴压缩、三轴伸长及平面应变应力路径下超固结黏土体变形局部化问题,进行了三维数值模拟。分析结果表明：超固结黏土在三轴压缩及伸长状态时,土体变形局部化在应力-应变关系软化时出现,而平面应变状态时,在应力-应变关系硬化阶段出现,其超固结黏土的剪胀特性在剪切带的形成过程中起重要作用。 相似文献
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重塑超固结上海软土力学特性及弹塑性模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对典型上海软土重塑样进行了围压不变和平均主应力不变的三轴排水剪切试验,得到重塑上海软土在不同初始超固结比和围压条件下的应力-应变关系,弄清了超固结比、围压以及应力路径对重塑上海软土的变形和强度特性的影响;根据土体的应力-应变曲线得到重塑上海软土的临界状态应力比及内摩擦角。采用姚仰平等建议的基于伏斯列夫面的超固结土本构模型,并根据等向压缩及三轴排水剪切试验确定其模型参数,对保持围压和平均主应力不变的三轴压缩试验进行了模型预测。预测结果表明,此超固结土本构模型能较好地反映重塑超固结上海软土的变形和强度特性。 相似文献
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Hashiguchi下加载面本构模型是国际上具有较大影响力的超固结土本构模型之一。因此,选取该模型进行理论和构建方法分析,并与UH模型进行对比。对比结果表明,Hashiguchi下加载面模型通过定义单一的数学公式来拟合超固结土内变量的变化规律,从而得到了超固结土应力−应变关系的公式;而统一硬化（unified hardening,简称UH）模型掌握了超固结土体的强度特性,因而能够更准确、合理地描述超固结土的应力−应变关系。相较于Hashiguchi下加载面本构模型,UH模型在理论上更为先进。同时,两个模型的试验预测与试验数据的对比也验证了UH模型在数值计算上的正确性与优越性。 相似文献
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A critical state model for overconsolidated structured clays 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This paper presents a generalised critical state model with the bounding surface theory for simulating the stress–strain behaviour of overconsolidated structured clays. The model is formulated based on the framework of the Structured Cam Clay (SCC) model and is designated as the Modified Structured Cam Clay with Bounding Surface Theory (MSCC-B) model. The hardening and destructuring processes for structured clays in the overconsolidated state can be described by the proposed model. The image stress point defined by the radial mapping rule is used to determine the plastic hardening modulus, which varies along loading paths. A new proposed parameter h, which depends on the material characteristics, is introduced into the plastic hardening modulus equation to take the soil behaviour into account in the overconsolidated state. The MSCC-B model is finally evaluated in light of the model performance by comparisons with the measured data of both naturally and artificially structured clays under compression and shearing tests. From the comparisons, it is found that the MSCC-B model gives reasonable good simulations of mechanical response of structured clays in both drained and undrained conditions. With its simplicity and performance, the MSCC-B model is regarded as a practical geotechnical model for implementation in numerical analysis. 相似文献
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A hypoplastic constitutive model for clays 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
D. Ma&#x;ín 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2005,29(4):311-336
This paper presents a new constitutive model for clays. The model is developed on the basis of generalized hypoplasticity principles, which are combined with traditional critical state soil mechanics. The positions of the isotropic normal compression line and the critical state line correspond to the Modified Cam clay model, the Matsuoka–Nakai failure surface is taken as the limit stress criterion and the non‐linear behaviour of soils with different overconsolidation ratios is governed by the generalized hypoplastic formulation. The model requires five constitutive parameters, which correspond to the parameters of the Modified Cam clay model and are simple to calibrate on the basis of standard laboratory experiments. This makes the model particularly suitable for practical applications. The basic model may be simply enhanced by the intergranular strain concept, which allows reproducing the behaviour at very small strains. The model is evaluated on the basis of high quality laboratory experiments on reconstituted London clay. Contrary to a reference hypoplastic relation, the proposed model may be applied to highly overconsolidated clays. Improvement of predictions in the small strain range at different stress levels is also demonstrated. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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H. S. Yu 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》1998,22(8):621-653
The purpose of this paper is to present a simple, unified critical state constitutive model for both clay and sand. The model, called CASM (Clay And Sand Model), is formulated in terms of the state parameter that is defined as the vertical distance between current state (v, p′) and the critical state line in v–ln p′ space. The paper first shows that the standard Cam-clay models (i.e. the original and modified Cam-clay models) can be reformulated in terms of the state parameter. Although the standard Cam-clay models prove to be successful in modelling normally consolidated clays, it is well known that they cannot predict many important features of the behavior of sands and overconsolidated clays. By adopting a general stress ratio-state parameter relation to describe the state boundary surface of soils, it is shown that a simple, unified constitutive model (CASM) can be developed for both clay and sand. It is also demonstrated that the standard Cam-clay yield surfaces can be either recovered or approximated as special cases of the yield locus assumed in CASM. The main feature of the proposed model is that a single set of yield and plastic potential functions has been used to model the behaviour of clay and sand under both drained and undrained loading conditions. In addition, it is shown that the behaviour of overconsolidated clays can also be satisfactorily modelled. Simplicity is a major advantage of the present state parameter model, as only two new material constants need to be introduced when compared with the standard Cam-clay models. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Hao Zhang 《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2018,13(1):1-10
Natural soils such as clays exhibit a variety of features including anisotropy, destruction and overconsolidation. In this work, a constitutive model that is able to replicate those salient features of natural clays is presented. The model is based on the classical S-CLAY1 model, where the anisotropy of the soil is captured through the initial inclination and rotation of the yield surface. To account for overconsolidation, a parabolic Hvorslev envelope is adopted. The compression curve of the reconstituted soil is taken as the reference to describe the structural of the soil. Parameters of the proposed constitutive model all have clear physical meanings and can be conveniently determined from conventional triaixal tests. Numerical examples using the proposed model to simulate overconsolidated natural soils are presented and compared with existing experimental data, demonstrating the capability of the model. 相似文献
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Jinbo Chen 《Acta Geotechnica》2017,12(1):225-230
This study investigates a simple constitutive model based on the critical state framework and bounding surface (BS) plasticity that is suitable for reconstituted clays over a wide range of overconsolidation ratios under monotonic loading. For heavily overconsolidated (OC) clays, rather than using the conventional Hvorslev line, an empirical surface is introduced into the model formulation based on two image points on the BS. The peak strength and the dilatancy of heavily OC clays can thus be predicted satisfactorily. Comparisons with triaxial test data show that the model well captures the peak strength and the dilatancy of heavily OC clays under monotonic loading. 相似文献
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A bounding surface model is formulated to simulate the behavior of clays that are subject to an anisotropic consolidation stress history. Conventional rotational hardening is revisited from the perspective of thermodynamics. As the free energy cannot be accumulated infinitely upon critical state failure, the deviatoric back stress must vanish. This requires the rotated yield surface to be turned back to eventually align on the hydrostatic axis in the stress plane. Noting that most of the previous propositions violate this restriction, an innovative rotational hardening rule is formulated that is thermodynamically admissible. The bounding surface framework that employs the modified yield surface is applied to simulate elastoplastic deformations for overconsolidated clays, with which the overprediction of strength on the “dry” side can be greatly improved with reasonable results. Other important features, including contractive or dilative response and hardening or softening behavior, can also be well-captured. It has been shown that the model can simulate three types of reconstituted clays that are sheared with initial conditions over a wide range of anisotropic consolidation stress ratios and overconsolidation ratios under both triaxial undrained and drained conditions. Limitations and potential improvement of the model regarding the fabric anisotropy at critical state have been discussed. 相似文献