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1.
华北东部大陆地幔橄榄岩组成、年龄与岩石圈减薄   总被引：16，自引：1，他引：15  
对比分析了华北东部地块陆下岩石圈地幔橄榄石Mg#值和单斜辉石的REE配分形式。报道了汉诺坝和鹤壁橄榄岩中不同产状硫化物的激光MC-ICPMS原位Re-Os年龄和信阳橄榄岩中锆石的U-Pb年龄和信阳橄榄岩锆石的U-Pb年龄。在这些资料基础上,进一步讨论了华北东部岩石圈中、新生代时的减薄机制。原位分析在揭示岩石圈深部过程的细节上,有比全岩分析更大的优越性,并揭示出了在华北深部有中元古代(14亿年)和新元古代(7～8亿年)热活动的记录。岩石圈拆沉作用不能很好地解释古老难熔地幔、过渡型地幔和新生饱满地幔并存的事实;同时,单纯的熔体-橄榄岩相互作用也难以解释中、新生代岩石圈的减薄过程和新生地幔单斜辉石中出现强烈LREE亏损现象,即历史复杂的克拉通岩石圈向历史明显简单的“大洋型”地幔的转换。因此,华北东部岩石圈减薄包括地幔伸展、熔-岩作用、侵蚀置换等复杂过程。这些过程可能包括:(1)早中生代时,扬子地块向北俯冲碰撞所引起华北岩石圈的熔/流体交代富集作用、地幔伸展和受扰动软流圈物质上涌并侵蚀被改造了的岩石圈;(2)晚中生代—古近纪,因太平洋俯冲的热扰动致使软流圈物质进一步的强烈侵蚀作用引起岩石圈的巨大减薄;(3)晚第三纪以来的软流圈热沉降作用所带来的小幅度岩石圈增厚过程。岩石圈先大幅减薄、后小幅增厚实现了最终的地幔置换和岩石圈整体的减薄过程。喷发时代为100Ma的阜新玄武岩所捕获的橄榄岩主体是饱满的,说明华北东部部分地区在此之前曾有过地幔置换作用。  相似文献   

2.
华北克拉通破坏的物理、化学过程:地幔橄榄岩证据   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
本文对比了华北东部不同时代、不同位置捕虏体/地质体橄榄岩的地幔属性,讨论了华北克拉通破坏的物理、化学过程。结果表明,拆沉作用不能很好地解释古老难熔、过渡型和新生饱满地幔并存的事实;单纯的熔体-橄榄岩相互作用也不易解释中、新生代岩石圈巨大减薄和新生饱满地幔Cpx中LREE亏损现象,即具复杂演化历史的克拉通地幔向演化历史简单的"大洋型"岩石圈的转换。华北东部克拉通破坏作用包括地幔伸展、熔-岩作用、侵蚀置换等复杂的物理、化学过程。岩石圈先大幅减薄、后小幅增厚实现了最终的地幔置换和岩石圈整体减薄过程。喷发时代为100 Ma的阜新玄武岩所捕获的橄榄岩主体是饱满的,说明华北东部部分地区在此之前有过地幔置换作用。  相似文献   

3.
华北东部橄榄岩与岩石圈减薄中的地幔伸展和侵蚀置换作用   总被引：24，自引：3，他引：24  
对比分析了华北不同时代捕虏体橄榄岩及其南部超高压地质体橄榄岩的矿物化学。具古老难熔岩石圈地幔特征的橄榄岩是古生代金伯利岩捕虏体和早中生代苏鲁变质带地质体的主要岩石类型。具这一性质的橄榄岩也构成了河南鹤壁上新世玄武岩捕虏体的主体部分,并可以在辽宁阜新晚中生代玄武岩中被发现。具饱满岩石圈地幔性质的橄榄岩则是阜新晚中生代火山岩、特别是郯庐断裂带(山旺)及其附近地区(栖霞)中新世玄武岩捕虏体的主要类型。从华北东部已有的捕虏体橄榄岩及地质体橄榄岩所表现出的新生饱满与古老难熔地幔的时、空分布特点,即有些地区捕虏体橄榄岩表现出不同性质地幔共存现象(如阜新、鹤壁)或橄榄石Mg#呈渐变关系看:克拉通岩石圈地幔因扬子板块俯冲所引起的早期(如早中生代)地幔伸展、和晚中生代—渐新世因太平洋俯冲所引起的热扰动的软流圈物质上涌对古老地幔产生强烈的侵蚀作用(引起岩石圈的巨大减薄);中新世以来的软流圈热沉降作用出现新生岩石圈地幔并表现为岩石圈的小幅增厚,从而实现地幔置换过程和华北东部岩石圈的整体减薄过程。岩石圈幔内薄弱带及岩石圈深断裂(如郯庐断裂带)起了软流圈物质侵蚀古老岩石圈地幔的通道作用并导引着深部物质运移和不规则减薄作用等。个别地区(如阜新)强烈的软流圈上涌于晚中生代就已经开始,显示地幔置换作用的强烈不均一性。  相似文献   

4.
A petrochemical analysis was undertaken of peridotitic xenoliths in volcanic rocks that erupted from the Paleozoic to the Cenozoic within the eastern part of the North China craton, and the peridotites as tectonic intrusion in the Early Mesozoic from the Sulu orogen. The results show that the cratonic mantle, which was refractory and existed when the kimberlites intruded in the Paleozoic, had almost been replaced by the newly accreted fertile lithospheric mantle during the Mesozoic-Cenozoic. The erosion, metasomatism, and intermingling caused by the accreted asthenospheric material acting on the craton mantle along the weak zone and deep fault (such as the Tanlu fault) in the existing lithosphere resulted in the lithospheric thinning at a larger scale 100 Ma ago (but later than 178 Ma). The largest thinning would be in the Eogene. The upwelling asthenospheric material transformed into accreted lithospheric mantle due to the asthenospheric temperature falling in the Neogene (leading to relatively slight lithospheric incrassation), and finally accomplished mantle replacement. The peridotitic body in the Sulu orogen represents the products spreading from the modified cratonic lithospheric mantle. Translated from Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 2006, 31(1): 49–56 [译自: 地球科学—中国地质大学学报]  相似文献   

5.
华北东部橄榄岩岩石化学特征及其岩石圈地幔演化意义   总被引：10，自引：3，他引：7  
华北东部古生代以来火山岩中捕虏体橄榄岩和苏鲁早中生代构造侵位橄榄岩的岩石化学结果表明: 古生代金伯利岩侵位时仍然存在的难熔、漂浮克拉通地幔在中、新生代时其大部被新生饱满的岩石圈地幔物质取代置换.在100 Ma前(但不早于178 Ma), 新生软流圈物质就已开始沿古老岩石圈内的地幔薄弱带和岩石圈深断裂带对克拉通地幔进行侵蚀、交代和混合作用, 引起岩石圈大幅减薄.这一减薄存在时间、空间的不均匀性, 但在老第三纪达最大.新第三纪以来, 上涌的软流圈物质由于温度下降回落(岩石圈小幅增厚)并转化为新生岩石圈地幔, 实现地幔置换过程.分析的苏鲁造山带橄榄岩是早中生代构造侵位改造过的古老岩石圈地幔物质.   相似文献   

6.
The petrology, mineral compositions, whole rock major/trace element concentrations, including highly siderophile elements, and Re-Os isotopes of 99 peridotite xenoliths from the central North China Craton were determined in order to constrain the structure and evolution of the deep lithosphere. Samples from seven Early Cretaceous-Tertiary volcanic centers display distinct geochemical characteristics from north to south. Peridotites from the northern section are generally more fertile (e.g., Al2O3 = 0.9-4.0%) than those from the south (e.g., Al2O3 = 0.2-2.2%), and have maximum whole-rock Re-depletion Os model ages (TRD) of ∼1.8 Ga suggesting their coeval formation in the latest Paleoproterozoic. By contrast, peridotites from the south have maximum TRD model ages that span the Archean-Proterozoic boundary (2.1-2.5 Ga). Peridotites with model ages from both groups are found at Fansi, the southernmost locality in the northern group, which likely marks a lithospheric boundary. The Neoarchean age of the lithospheric mantle in the southern section matches that of the overlying crust and likely reflects the time of amalgamation of the North China Craton via collision between the Eastern and Western blocks. The Late Paleoproterozoic (∼1.8 Ga) lithospheric mantle beneath the northern section is significantly younger than the overlying Archean crust, indicating that the original lithospheric mantle was replaced in this region, either during a major north-south continent-continent collision that occurred during assembly of the Columbia supercontinent at ∼1.8-1.9 Ga, or from extrusion of ∼1.9 Ga lithosphere from the Khondalite Belt beneath the northern Trans-North China Orogen, during the ∼1.85 Ga continental collision between Eastern and Western blocks. Post-Cretaceous heating of the southern section is indicated by high temperatures (>1000 °C) recorded in peridotites from the 4 Ma Hebi suite, which are significantly higher than the temperatures recorded in peridotites from the nearby Early Cretaceous Fushan suite (<720 °C), and likely reflects significant lithospheric thinning after the Early Cretaceous. Combining previous Os isotope results on mantle xenoliths from the eastern North China Craton with our new data, it appears that lithospheric thinning and replacement may have evolved from east to west with time, commencing before the Triassic on the eastern edge of the craton, occurring during the Jurassic-Cretaceous within the interior, and post-dating 125 Ma on the westernmost boundary.  相似文献   

7.
Geochemical and isotopic data from Mesozoic lavas from the Jianguo, Niutoushan, Wulahada, and Guancaishan volcanic fields on the northern margin of the North China Craton provide evidence for secular lithospheric evolution of the region. Jianguo lavas are alkaline basalts with LILE- and LREE-enrichment ((La/Yb)N=12.2-13.2) and MORB-like Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic ratios ((87Sr/86Sr)i<0.704; εNd=3.9-4.8; (206Pb/204Pb)i≈18). Niutoushan basalts are similar but show evidence of olivine fractionation. Wulahada lavas are high-Mg andesites (Mg#∼67) with EM1 Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic signatures. Geochemical data suggest that the basalts originated from MORB-type asthenosphere whereas the high-Mg andesites were derived an EM1 mantle source, i.e., a refractory lithospheric mantle modified by a previously subducted slab. The result, combined with the available data of the Mesozoic basalts from the southern portion of the NCC (Zhang et al., 2002), manifests a vast secular evolution of the lithospheric mantle beneath the eastern NCC from the Paleozoic refractory continental lithosphere to this Mesozoic modified lithosphere. Compared with the cratonic margin, the lithospheric mantle beneath the center of the craton was less extensively modified, implying the secular evolution was related to the subduction processes surrounding the NCC. Therefore, we suggest that the interaction of the slab-derived silicic melt with the old refractory lithospheric mantle converted the Paleozoic cratonic lithospheric mantle into the late Mesozoic fertile mantle, which was also different from the Cenozoic counterpart. A geodynamic model is proposed to illustrate such a secular lithosphere evolution.  相似文献   

8.
根据吉林汪清(WQ)中新世和辉南(HN)上新世玄武岩捕虏体橄榄岩透辉石的激光探针(LAM-ICPMS)微量元素分析结果,分析了华北北缘与兴蒙造山带结合部位陆下岩石圈地幔所经历的部分熔融作用和地幔交代作用.新生代时无论是靠近华北地块一侧的辉南,还是靠近兴蒙造山带一侧的汪清陆下岩石圈除少量难熔地幔残留外,主体上均表现为显生宙‘大洋型’的地幔特征,即经历了8％以下的部分熔融作用.这些地幔又记录着复杂的地幔交代作用过程,交代介质类似于含水的、含碳酸岩质的硅酸岩熔体.这样的地幔特征与中国东部其他地区新生代时的主体岩石圈相似,也有少量古老地幔残余,由此进一步说明中国东部中、新生代岩石圈减薄作用经历了软流圈地幔对古老岩石圈的侵蚀和最终的置换过程.  相似文献   

9.
Relative to the North China Craton, the subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) beneath the Central Asian Orogenic Belt is little known. Mantle-derived peridotite xenoliths from the Cenozoic basalts in the Xilinhot region, Inner Mongolia, provide samples of the lithospheric mantle beneath the eastern part of the belt. The xenoliths are predominantly lherzolites with minor harzburgites, and can be subdivided into three groups, based on the REE patterns of clinopyroxenes. Group 1 peridotites (LREE-enriched), with low modal Cpx (3–7%), high Mg# in olivine (> 90.6) and Cr# in spinel (> 43.8), low whole-rock CaO + Al2O3 contents (1.62–3.22 wt.%) and estimated temperatures of 1043–1126 °C, represent moderately refractory SCLM that has experienced carbonatite-related metasomatism. Group 2 peridotites (LREE-depleted), with high modal Cpx (9–13%), low Mg# in olivine (< 90.6) and Cr# in spinel (< 20.0), high whole-rock CaO + Al2O3 contents (4.93–6.37 wt.%) and estimated temperatures of 814–970 °C, show affinity with Phanerozoic fertile SCLM that has undergone silicate-related metasomatism. Group 3 peridotites (convex-upward REE patterns), show wide ranges of olivine-Mg# (88.4–90.6), spinel-Cr# (11.5–47.6), and modal Cpx (3–14%) that overlap Groups 1 and 2. Their spinels have high TiO2 contents (> 0.41 wt.%), implying involvement of reactions between melt and peridotites. The estimated temperatures of Group 3 (1033–1156 °C) are similar to those of Group 1. We suggest that the pre-existing moderately refractory lithospheric mantle (i.e., Group 1) beneath the eastern part of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt was strongly penetrated by upwelling asthenospheric material, and the cooling of this material produced fertile lithospheric mantle (i.e., Group 2). The present lithospheric mantle of this area consists of interspersed volumes of younger fertile and older more refractory lithosphere, with the fertile type dominating the shallower levels of the mantle.  相似文献   

10.
华北中、新生代玄武质火山岩和基性脉岩携带的地幔橄榄岩捕虏体中橄榄石和/或橄榄石捕虏晶系统的组成填图显示华北东部中、新生代岩石圈地幔存在明显的时空分布规律和不均一性。这与通过岩石圈地幔源基性岩石的地球化学反演获得的华北中生代岩石圈地幔的时空不均一性及其块体特征完全一致。太行山和鲁皖地区新生代岩石圈地幔的差异演化主要反映古老地幔橄榄岩与熔体相互作用时熔体性质和来源的不同。同时,橄榄石 Fo 填图还揭示了郯庐断裂对华北东部中、新生代基性岩浆活动及其岩石圈地幔演化的重要制约作用。而且,华北东部中生代岩石圈减薄后尚存古老岩石圈地幔残留。因此,华北东部岩石圈减薄的整体拆沉模式很难成立。  相似文献   

11.
Lithospheric thinning beneath the North China Craton is widely recognized, but whether the Yangtze block has undergone the same process is a controversial issue. Based on a detailed petrographic study, a suite of xenoliths from the Lianshan Cenozoic basalts have been analyzed for the compositions of minerals and whole rocks, and their Sr–Nd isotopes to probe the nature and evolution of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle beneath the lower Yangtze block. The Lianshan xenoliths can be subdivided into two Types: the main Type 1 xenoliths (9–15% clinopyroxene and olivine-Mg# < 90) and minor Type 2 peridotites (1.8–6.2% clinopyroxene and olivine-Mg# > 90). Type 1 peridotites are characterized by low MgO, high levels of basaltic components (i.e., Al2O3, CaO and TiO2), LREE-depleted patterns in clinopyroxenes and whole rocks, and relatively high 143Nd/144Nd (0.513219–0.513331) and low 86Sr/87Sr (0.702279–0.702789). These features suggest that Type 1 peridotites represent fragments of the newly accreted fertile lithospheric mantle that have undergone ~ 1% of fractional partial melting and later weak silicate–melt metasomatism, similar to Phanerozoic lithospheric mantle beneath the eastern North China Craton. Type 2 peridotites may be shallow relics of the older lithospheric mantle depleted in basaltic components, with LREE-enriched and HREE-depleted patterns, relatively low 143Nd/144Nd (0.512499–0.512956) and high 86Sr/87Sr (0.703275–0.703997), which can be produced by 9–14% partial melting and subsequent carbonatite–melt metasomatism. Neither type shows a correlation between equilibration temperatures and Mg# in olivine, indicating that the lithospheric mantle is not compositionally stratified, but both types coexist at similar depths. This coexistence suggests that the residual refractory lithospheric mantle (i.e., Type 2 peridotites) may be irregularly eroded by upwelling asthenosphere materials along weak zones and eventually replaced to create a new and fertile lithosphere mantle (i.e., Type 1 xenoliths) as the asthenosphere cooled. Therefore, the subcontinental lithospheric mantle beneath the lower Yangtze block shared a common evolutional dynamic environment with that beneath the eastern North China Craton during late Mesozoic–Cenozoic time.  相似文献   

12.
华北东部中生代晚期—新生代软流圈上涌与岩石圈减薄   总被引：34，自引：3，他引：34  
现今的地幔是由软流圈地幔(热的,主元素饱满、微量元素亏损的,塑性流变性质的)、古老岩石圈地幔(地幔1,冷的,主元素贫瘠、微量元素富集的,刚性的,以方辉橄榄岩为代表)以及现今的岩石圈地幔(地幔2,主元素饱满、微量元素亏损,以二辉橄榄岩为代表,可能包括多时期形成的)组成。古老岩石圈地幔与地幔2样品的共存、100~4·3Ma在地幔内部持续发生的古老岩石圈与软流圈的相互作用以及上述作用的时空不均一性,都表明了岩石圈减薄是软流圈呈“蘑菇云状”大规模上涌的结果。上述事件发生于100Ma以后。软流圈来源的玄武岩大范围喷发并伴随了岩石圈的强烈拉伸是事件发生的主要标志,岩石圈减薄是一个深部地质过程,不像是突发事件。  相似文献   

13.
用玄武岩组成反演中—新生代华北岩石圈的演化   总被引：27，自引：3，他引：27  
徐义刚 《地学前缘》2006,13(2):93-104
玄武岩的化学组成与地幔源区特征、部分熔融程度、地幔温度和岩石圈厚度等多个因素有关,因此可以用来反演深部地幔的演化。文中简要地阐述了用玄武岩组成获得岩石圈厚度及其变化的方法,并总结了有关华北中—新生代岩浆演化的两个最主要特征:(a)晚中生代岩浆活动经历了由早期的源自富集地幔的岩浆向后期亏损地幔起源岩浆的转变,而两个阶段为一岩浆间隙期(~10Ma)所分隔;(b)华北东、西部新生代玄武岩具有相反的碱性强度随时间的变化趋势。这些岩浆演化特征可以用岩石圈减薄过程中地幔地温梯度的逐渐升高、岩石圈地幔中富集组分在短时间内的不可再生以及岩石圈盖效应来解释。该认识为华北岩石圈减薄的时间尺度和机制以及减薄作用的时空不均一性提供了新的制约。  相似文献   

14.
凉城、四子王旗、三义堂和大同的地幔包体的岩石学和矿物的主、微量元素成分显示华北克拉通中、西部北缘总体为过渡型岩石圈地幔,为原始地幔经过不同程度的熔体抽取和后期交代富集作用的残留.凉城岩石圈地幔经历的熔体抽取程度最低,后期交代富集作用比较强烈,这与其橄榄岩中尖晶石的Cr#较低,并且共存的单斜辉石的Mg#较低一致.三义堂岩石圈地幔经历的熔体抽取程度最高,后期交代富集作用最强烈,不同样品甚至同一样品中不同单斜辉石颗粒的La/Yb和LREE配分模式变化范围非常大,且矿物边部比核部更富集微量元素.大同、四子王旗岩石圈地幔经历的熔体抽取程度介于凉城和三义堂之间,但后期的交代富集作用明显不如凉城和三义堂强烈.研究区的岩石圈地幔主要受硅酸盐熔体交代作用的影响,只有三义堂岩石圈地幔还可能也受到了碳酸盐交代作用的影响.  相似文献   

15.
华北克拉通中生代破坏前的岩石圈地幔与下地壳   总被引：23，自引：11，他引：12  
翟明国 《岩石学报》2008,24(10):2185-2204
华北克拉通是世界上最古老的克拉通之一,有 38亿年的古老陆壳存在,它经历了复杂的地质变迁,在太古宙末(约2500Ma)基本完成克拉通化,在古元古代(约1900~1850Ma)整体受到了高级变质作用,最终完成了克拉通化。它的东部在中生代发生了重大的构造机制的转变,克拉通基底发生了破坏、置换和再造。在太行山重力梯度带以西的华北克拉通受中生代构造转折的改造程度较低,它们的下地壳和岩石圈地幔结构,大致保持了华北克拉通破坏前的状态。前寒武纪麻粒岩地体代表了掀翻抬升到地表的古元古代下地壳,出露地表的时间大致在1850~1800Ma。中、新生代火山岩中的地幔和麻粒岩捕虏体代表了现代的岩石圈地幔和下地壳的岩石。岩石学、地球化学和地球物理的研究,推测华北克拉通西部的岩石圈厚约200km,地壳厚度约45km~50km,是在古元古代(约1.9Ga)时期终极克拉通化作用形成的,其厚度和结构与全球典型的元古宙克拉通岩石圈相同。而太行山重力梯度带以东的克拉通岩石圈地幔受到程度不等的交代、改造、置换和减薄,下地壳大规模重熔,地壳厚度也发生减薄,指示了强烈的壳幔解耦、物质交换和重新耦合的过程。  相似文献   

16.
Major- and trace-element data on the constituent minerals ofgarnet peridotite xenoliths hosted in early Paleozoic (457–500Ma) kimberlites and Neogene (16–18 Ma) volcanic rockswithin the North China Craton are compared with those from thepre-pilot hole of the Chinese Continental Scientific DrillingProject (CCSD-PP1) in the tectonically exhumed Triassic (220Ma) Sulu ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) terrane along its southernmargin. P–T estimates for the Paleozoic and Neogene peridotitexenoliths reflect different model geotherms corresponding tosurface heat flows of 40 mW/m2 (Paleozoic) and 80 mW/m2 (Neogene).Garnet peridotite xenoliths or xenocrysts from the Paleozoickimberlites are strongly depleted, similar to peridotites fromother areas of cratonic mantle, with magnesium olivine (meanFo92.7), Cr-rich garnet and clinopyroxene with high La/Yb. Garnet(and spinel) peridotite xenoliths hosted in Neogene basaltsare derived from fertile mantle; they have high Al2O3 and TiO2contents, low-Mg-number olivine (mean Fo89.5), low-Cr garnetand diopside with flat rare earth element (REE) patterns. Thedifferences between the Paleozoic and Neogene xenoliths suggestthat a buoyant refractory lithospheric keel present beneaththe eastern North China Craton in Paleozoic times was at leastpartly replaced by younger, hotter and more fertile lithosphericmantle during Mesozoic–Cenozoic times. Garnet peridotitesfrom the Sulu UHP terrane have less magnesian olivine (Fo91.5),and lower-Cr garnet than the Paleozoic xenoliths. The diopsideshave low heavy REE (HREE) contents and sinusoidal to light REE(LREE)-enriched REE patterns. These features, and their highMg/Si and low CaO and Al2O3 contents, indicate that the CCSD-PP1peridotites represent a moderately refractory mantle protolith.Details of mineral chemistry indicate that this protolith experiencedcomplex metasomatism by asthenosphere-derived melts or fluidsin Mesoproterozoic, and subsolidus re-equilibration involvingfluids/melts derived from the subducted Yangtze continentalcrust during UHP metamorphism in the early Mesozoic. Tectonicextension of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle of the NorthChina Craton and exhumation of the Sulu UHP rocks in the earlyMesozoic induced upwelling of the asthenosphere. Peridotitessampled by the Neogene basalts represent newly formed lithospherederived by cooling of the upwelling asthenospheric mantle inJurassic–Cretaceous and Paleogene time. KEY WORDS: garnet peridotite xenoliths; North China Craton; lithospheric thinning; Sulu UHP terrane; UHP lithosphere evolution; mantle replacement  相似文献   

17.
华北东部晚中生代中基性侵入杂岩体（如山东莱芜地区铁铜沟岩体；山东潍坊地区金岭．湖田岩体；河北邯邢地区符山岩体）中常含有橄榄岩捕虏体。这些橄榄岩的来源和成因问题存在很大争议，主要有堆晶成因或代表古老洋壳蛇绿岩和岩石圈地幔来源两种观点。本文在对山东潍坊地区金岭一湖田岩体中橄榄岩捕虏体的研究成果和总结前人资料的基础上，通过岩石学、矿物学和地球化学研究认为这些橄榄岩捕虏体皆是堆晶成因或代表古老洋壳蛇绿岩，而非岩石圈地幔直接样品。因此，不能用这些橄榄岩捕虏体的组成来反演该地区晚中生代岩石圈地幔特征。  相似文献   

18.
吉林省蛟河市境内大石河新生代玄武岩中含有丰富的地幔橄榄岩包体,详细的岩石学与矿物学研究显示,这些包体的主要岩石类型为尖晶石二辉橄榄岩-方辉橄榄岩,未发现石榴石橄榄岩。岩相学及地球化学资料显示它们都是经历过熔体抽取而形成的岩石圈地幔残留。矿物平衡温度计算发现,本区的这些地幔橄榄岩包体来自地下40～60km 深度,且下部以二辉橄榄岩为主,而上部以贫单斜辉石的二辉橄榄岩和方辉橄榄岩为主,显示明显的岩石圈地幔分层现象。Sr-Nd-Hf 同位素资料反映这些地幔包体均表现为亏损性质,而 Re-Os 同位素资料确定上述岩石圈地幔形成于中元古代,明显老于上覆地壳的新元古宙时代,反映壳幔年龄上的解耦。因此我们推测,该区曾经历过华北克拉通类似的早期岩石圈地幔的整体丢失事件,然后形成于其它地区的中元古宙岩石圈地幔在本区增生。  相似文献   

19.
基于最新的同位素年代学资料 ,华北克拉通东部中生代的岩浆作用可划分成四个阶段 ,即晚三叠世 ( 2 0 5～ 2 2 5Ma)碱性岩浆作用 ;中晚侏罗世 ( 1 5 5～ 1 6 0Ma)花岗质岩浆作用 ;早白垩世 ( 1 1 2～ 1 32Ma)双峰式岩浆作用和晚白垩世 ( 92～ 73Ma)碱性玄武质岩浆作用。徐淮地区中生代侵入岩中榴辉岩捕虏体的发现及其地质年代学资料 ( 2 1 9Ma)表明 ,华北克拉通东部中生代早期曾发生过一次重要的陆壳加厚过程。俯冲板片的断离以及高压—超高压变质岩的快速折返和晚三叠世 ( 2 0 5～ 2 2 5Ma)的碱性岩浆作用的存在均暗示 ,华北克拉通中生代岩石圈减薄已经开始。拆沉作用则是引起中生代早期岩石圈减薄的主要机制。中、晚侏罗世 ( 1 5 5～ 1 6 0Ma)花岗质岩浆作用形成于造山期后的伸展环境 ,代表了中生代岩石圈减薄的继续和发展。早白垩世 ( 1 1 2～ 1 32Ma)双峰式岩浆作用表明中生代岩石圈减薄达到了峰期。而幔源纯橄岩捕虏体中富硅质熔体的交代作用和玄武岩的高87Sr/ 86Sr值、低ε(Nd ,t)值特征表明 ,软流圈对岩石圈底部的化学侵蚀可能是导致该阶段岩石圈减薄的主导机制。晚白垩世 ( 92～ 73Ma)碱性玄武质岩浆作用和“海洋型”地幔捕虏体的存在代表了等温面的下降和岩石圈地幔的增生  相似文献   

20.
Whole-rock major, trace, and platinum-group elemental (PGE) data, and major and trace element compositions of diopsides are reported for peridotite xenoliths from (1) early Mesozoic volcanic breccias in Xinyang, located at the southern margin of the North China Craton, and (2) Cenozoic basalts in Hebi and Shanwang, both of which are situated within the craton and lie on the North-South Gravity Line and the Tanlu fault zone, respectively. The early Mesozoic Xinyang xenoliths are harzburgites containing <2% Cpx with high Cr# and enriched in LREE but depleted in HFSE. These xenoliths have chondritic Pd/Ir (1.9-6.6) and Ru/Ir (3.5-4.0) ratios and high Ni and low CaO, Al2O3, and S contents, indicating derivation from a highly refractory mantle that experienced carbonatitic metasomatism. Negative Ce (mean δCe = 0.50) and low Mg/Si ratios of the Xinyang peridotites record the addition of crustal components likely produced from subducted continental material of the Yangtze Craton in the early Mesozoic. The subduction-related modification of the lithospheric mantle was limited to the area close to the collision zone rather than being pervasive throughout the craton. The Cenozoic Hebi peridotite xenoliths are harzburgites with ≤4.5% Cpx and have low CaO and Al2O3 but high Ni contents, chondritic Ru/Ir ratios (2.5-5.4), and a wide range of CaO/Al2O3, Na2O/TiO2, Pt/Ir (0.4-2.3), and Pd/Pt (1.1-8.5) ratios. These peridotites are interpreted as the shallow relics of the cratonic mantle. In contrast, the Cenozoic Shanwang xenoliths are lherzolites (5.6%-19.5% Cpx), which have low Ni contents and low Ni/Cu and Mg/Si ratios, but high CaO, Al2O3, S, and HREE contents, and relatively high Ru/Ir and Pd/Ir ratios. The Shanwang peridotites show pronounced positive Ti and Sr, negative Th, and slightly negative Y, Zr, and Hf anomalies. They are believed to represent newly accreted fertile lithospheric mantle derived from cooling of upwelling asthenosphere. The documented temporal and spatial variations in the Mesozoic-Cenozoic mantle support the previous suggestion that the buoyant refractory continental keel in the eastern part of the North China Craton was heterogeneously replaced by younger fertile lithospheric mantle in the late Cretaceous-early Tertiary.  相似文献   

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