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1.
基于非线性破坏准则的主动土压力上限计算 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
主要叙述了一种基于非线性破坏准则下的主动土压力计算分析方法。引入Power-Law非线性破坏准则,并根据切线法引入了变量 ,建立了一个统一的容许速度场,通过上限分析得出了主动土压力的计算表达式。由于主动土压力计算表达式中自变量个数繁多,为实现对上限解的最优化,应用了大型的数学规划软件,采用了目前广泛使用的SQP算法,得出了最优的上限解。通过与同样引入Power-Law非线性破坏准则后的朗肯土压力理论解的比较,发现所述的方法切实有效,并且适用范围更加广泛。 相似文献
2.
本文采用非线性破坏准则分析和确定了刚性挡土墙主动土压力大小和滑动面位置。首先应用“切线法”引入了变量 和 ,然后运用迭代法计算得出对应于不同潜在滑动面上的 和 值,再运用广义库仑土压力理论求解主动土压力大小。其中对应于最大主动土压力的滑动面即为最危险滑动面,此时的所求即为主动土压力。通过与采用线性Mohr－Coulomb破坏准则下的研究结果比较得出,采用非线性破坏准则确定刚性挡土墙主动土压力更加符合实际工程,结果更加准确,而采用线性Mohr－Coulomb破坏准则计算的主动土压力结果偏小,在实际工程设计中偏于不安全。 相似文献
3.
一种考虑挡土墙变形的深基坑非线性土压力方法 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
基于深基坑墙后主动区土体应变状态模式的假定,采用反映墙后主动区土体应力-应变性状的卸荷应力路径试验确定的应力-应变关系,建立考虑挡土墙变形的非线性土压力的计算公式;就该公式的特点、参数的物理意义及其确定进行讨论;并对一简单算例进行计算,计算结果能反映土压力与挡墙位移的非线性关系以及土压力沿深度的非线性分布,得到墙后主动区土体达到主动极限状态所需的位移与深度的关系,计算结果比较满意.表明所建立的方法的合理性、可行性和适用性. 相似文献
4.
为了研究挡墙后有限土体的主动土压力,以墙后无黏性土体为研究对象,假定破裂面为通过墙踵的平面,且在挡墙平动模式下,墙后土体形成圆弧形小主应力拱。采用沿小主应力迹线分层的方法,将挡墙后土体划分为若干个圆弧形曲线薄层单元,考虑了单元体上下表面应力分布的不均匀性,提出了一种有限土体挡墙主动土压力计算方法,给出了主动土压力合力及其作用点高度的表达式,并验证了该方法的正确性。研究结果表明：采用曲线薄层单元法可以准确考虑单元体复杂的受力情况,能更好地反映挡墙后有限土体主动土压力的变化规律;有限填土时主动土压力沿墙高 呈非线性分布,土压力先随着土体深度增加呈单调递增趋势,然后在接近墙底位置处呈单调递减趋势。分析参数敏感性时取不同土体宽高比与墙背粗糙程度对挡墙主动土压力分布及合力作用点高度进行分析,结果表明：随着土体宽高比n的增大,主动土压力值逐渐增大,土压力分布曲线非线性越来越明显,合力作用点高度逐渐降低且恒大于 。当 0.71时,均趋于稳定。可将 0.71作为有限土体与半无限土体的临界宽高比。随着摩擦角 的增大,主动土压力值逐渐减小,土压力分布曲线非线性越来越明显,合力作用点高度逐渐增大且恒大于 。 相似文献
5.
非线性破坏准则下的边坡稳定塑性极限分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用塑性分析上限定理,考虑岩土介质本身的非线性破坏准则,对各种不同破裂面边坡稳定性分析进行研究。针对破坏边坡破裂面不同,采用外切直线法来分析其上限解,推导出非线性破坏准则下的边坡稳定性系数计算公式,并对较复杂的对数螺旋线破裂面边坡提出初始切线法,较好地求出塑性极限分析上限解。将在非线性破坏准则下按对数螺旋线破裂面推导出的塑性极限分析上限解运用于实际边坡工程,其结果与精确塑性分析结果非常接近,为非线性破坏准则下的边坡稳定塑性极限分析提供了一条新的思路与方法。 相似文献
6.
重力坝沿建基面失稳破坏的真实安全度研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用强度储备系数法,对重力坝建基面破坏过程进行非线性有限元模拟,并分析了坝体地基弹性模量比和建基面应力分布状态对破坏过程和强度储备系数的影响。研究结果表明：破坏过程可划分为4个阶段：贯通率平稳期、加速期、短暂平稳过渡期、急剧增加失稳期。当弹性模量比一定时,应力状态越趋于均匀分布,大坝处于稳定状态时的强度储备系数越大,坝趾坝踵处的应力比值越大,大坝处于稳定时的强度储备系数越小;当建基面应力分布状态一定时,弹性模量比的变化不改变建基面的总体破坏特征,强度储备系数与弹性模量比成正比。综合考虑应力分布及弹性模量比的影响,给出了正常荷载作用下重力坝沿建基面失稳破坏的真实安全度取值范围为1.5～2.5。 相似文献
7.
根据倾斜填土面时土体中一点的应力状态分析,采用应力圆图解法推导出倾斜填土面粘性土的朗肯主动和被动土压力强度的计算公式,把该公式视为关于填土深度z的线性关系方程和非线性关系方程两部分。通过对该公式的非线性方程部分分析可知,朗肯主动与被动土压力强度分布形态与填土面倾角β和内摩擦角φ两者的大小有关,因此分β > φ、β=φ和β < φ三种情况对朗肯主动与被动土压力强度分布形式进行了讨论,并绘制了土压力强度的分布图形,其分布图形具有非线性特点。其中在β < φ的情况下,主动土压力强度在一定深度z2以下范围出现无解现象。最后将推导公式应用到某挡土墙实例中,对比分析表明,该理论结果与现场实测结果具有较好的一致性。 相似文献
8.
通过直剪试验研究了土的非线性破坏准则,给出了刚性挡土墙的朗肯非线性被动土压力公式并采用自适应步长Simpson积分法进行了求解,与线性Mohr-Coulomb破坏准则下朗肯被动土压力进行了对比,结果表明,采用线性Mohr-Coulomb破坏准则计算的被动土压力结果偏大35%～40%,在实际工程设计中偏于不安全。最后讨论了不同深度及非线性参数的影响。 相似文献
9.
In this study, upper bound finite element (FE) limit analysis is applied to stability problems of slopes using a nonlinear criterion. After formulating the upper bound analysis as the dual form of a second-order cone programming (SOCP) problem, the stress field and corresponding shear strength parameters can be determined iteratively. Thus, the nonlinear failure criterion is represented by the shear strength parameters associated with stress so that the analysis of slope stability using a nonlinear failure criterion can be transformed into the traditional upper bound method with a linear Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion. Comparison with published solutions illustrates the accuracy and feasibility of the proposed method for a simple homogeneous slope stability problem. The proposed approach is also applied to a seismic stability problem for a rockfill dam to study the influence of different failure criterions on the upper bound solutions. The results show that the seismic stability coefficients obtained using two different nonlinear failure criteria are similar but that the convergence differs significantly. 相似文献
10.
为探究挡墙前存在斜坡临空面条件下土体破坏与侧土压力特征,采用强度折减法研究了不同临坡距与嵌入深度下的挡墙前侧有限斜坡土体的破坏特征,并用水平层分析法与静力平衡法,推导了一种考虑斜坡坡度、临坡距及临空斜坡内土体层间剪切力的被动土压力理论计算公式。通过与室内试验、数值模型及其他计算理论对比,建议方法同模型试验、数值解及其他理论计算结果基本吻合,证明了建议方法对计算有限斜坡条件下被动土压力的有效性,最后分析了斜坡坡度、临坡距对被动土压力与临空斜坡土层中层间剪力的影响。研究表明:平动模式下的有限斜坡土体破坏面主要沿墙底与斜坡坡脚附近破坏,这与半无限空间条件的破坏特征明显不同;斜坡条件下的被动土压力随深度呈指数增加规律,且随临坡距减小与坡度增大,被动土压力均出现了一定程度的减小,其中临坡距为0时,被动土压力相比半无限空间条件时降低幅度达到30% ~50%;平动模式下的临空斜坡土体中的层间剪切系数为0.07~0.1;当墙背光滑且临坡距足够大时,建议方法可简化为理想条件的朗肯被动土压力公式。 相似文献
11.
基于非线性破坏准则的边坡稳定性极限分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
上限定理是求解岩土工程问题的有效工具。以上限定理为理论基础,分析边坡的稳定性问题,并考虑了岩土材料破坏准则的非线性特性。在非线性Mohr-Coulomb破坏准则下,采用条分法与极限分析上限法相结合的方法,对边坡稳定性进行分析。通过切线法引入非线性强度参数 、 ,推导了岩土材料在非线性破坏准则下的相关联流动法则,建立功能方程,推导了边坡直线滑裂面、折线滑裂面和光滑曲线滑裂面安全系数F的计算方程。采用数学规划法计算后与工程实际中常用的边坡稳定性分析方法进行对比,并获得安全系数F =1.0时的稳定性系数Ns。与已有的研究成果进行比较分析,结果表明了该方法的正确性及优越性 相似文献
12.
黏性土填料下考虑土拱效应的挡土墙被动土压力计算 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为解释挡土墙后填土被动土压力的非线性分布现象,在考虑土拱形状为圆弧,滑裂面采用朗肯滑裂面的基础上,给出考虑土拱效应的被动土压力系数Kawn,进而基于应力状态法及土楔形体静力平衡两种思想求解了竖向平均应力 公式,在该基础上,给出黏性土填料下的挡土墙被动土压力分布公式、合力公式及作用点高度计算公式。通过与试验与其他方法对比,文中提出的方法得到验证。最后,研究了黏性土填料下的挡土墙被动土压力变化规律,即考虑土拱效应求得的黏性土填料的被动土压力分布呈现上小下大的指数型分布。此外,随着δ/φ（δ为墙土摩擦角,φ为内摩擦角）的增大,土拱效应逐渐增强,土压力合力点逐渐降低。 相似文献
13.
Xu Shi-Yu Lawal Abiodun Ismail Shamsabadi Anoosh Taciroglu Ertugrul 《Acta Geotechnica》2019,14(2):579-594
The Rankine earth pressure theory is extended herein to an inclined c–? backfill. An analytical approach is then proposed to compute the static passive and active lateral earth pressures for a sloping cohesive backfill retained by a vertical wall, with the presence of wall–soil interface adhesion. The proposed method is based on a limit equilibrium analysis coupled with the method of slices wherein the assumed profile of the backfill failure surface is a composite of log-spiral and linear segments. The geometry of the failure surface is determined using the stress states of the soil at the two boundaries of the mobilized soil mass. The resultant lateral earth thrust, the point of application, and the induced moment on the wall are computed considering global and local equilibrium of forces and moments. Results of the proposed approach are compared with those predicted by a number of analytical models currently adopted in the design practice for various combinations of soil’s frictional angles, wall–soil interface frictional angles, inclined angles of backfill and soil cohesions. The predicted results are also verified against those obtained from finite element analyses for several scenarios under the passive condition. It is found that the magnitude of earth thrust increases with the backfill inclination angle under both the passive and active conditions.
相似文献14.
为了探讨墙背倾斜与粗糙程度对挡墙被动土压力的影响,首先,结合被动状态下受挡墙墙背和滑动面摩擦影响的滑动土楔内主应力传递特点,采用圆弧形主应力迹线描述滑动土楔中最大主应力传递规律,并提出了最大主应力迹线几何参数的确定方法;然后,采用沿最大主应力迹线的分层方法将挡墙后滑动土楔划分为若干圆弧形曲线薄层单元,并通过该薄层单元受力分析,依据其静力平衡条件建立了挡墙被动土压力分析新方法。该方法不仅可反映墙土摩擦和墙背倾斜程度对被动土压力的影响,而且有效避免了目前土压力分析方法研究中普遍采用的直线薄层单元难以准确考虑复杂的单元实际受力情况的问题,从理论上确保了新提出的挡墙被动土压力分析方法更具合理性;最后,通过试验、现有同类方法及所提方法分析曲线的对比,表明了新方法的合理性与优越性。就墙背倾斜与粗糙程度对挡墙被动土压力分布及合力作用点高度的影响规律也进行了探讨。 相似文献
15.
Seismic active earth pressure on walls with bilinear backface using pseudo-dynamic approach 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
This paper presents a study on the seismic active earth pressure behind a rigid cantilever retaining wall with bilinear backface using pseudo-dynamic approach. The wall has sudden change in inclination along its depth and a planar failure surface has been considered behind the retaining wall. The effects of a wide range of parameters like soil friction angle, wall inclination, wall friction angle, amplification of vibration, variation of shear modulus, and horizontal and vertical seismic accelerations on the active earth pressure have been explored in the present study. Unlike the Mononobe-Okabe method, which incorporates pseudo-static analysis, the present analysis predicts a nonlinear variation of active earth pressure along the wall. The results have been compared with the existing values in the literature. 相似文献
16.
The evaluation of seismic passive earth pressure is an important aspect in designing safe retaining walls. In this paper, a slice analysis method is adopted to study the nonlinear distribution of seismic passive earth pressure while considering most of the possible parameters. The closed-form expressions for the resultant force of seismic passive earth pressure, earth pressure distribution, and its application position are obtained. The explicit solution for the critical failure angle of seismic passive earth pressure is proposed by simplifying the relation between the resultant force and the failure angle based on a graphical analysis method. Under certain conditions, the present method correlates with classical passive earth pressure theories. By comparing the present method with test results and previously published solutions, the results are found to be consistent. The influence of the seismic coefficients on seismic passive earth pressure is also studied. 相似文献
17.
作用于挡土墙侧土压力的计算一直沿用经典的土压力理论,其土压力分布沿墙高呈直线分布,但实践证明它们与实际情况不符。在已有研究成果的基础上,为提高计算精度,假定挡土墙后土体潜在滑裂面为由对数螺线面和平面组合而成,根据挡土墙后土体薄层单元的极限平衡条件推导出土压力的计算公式。由于土压力计算值与滑裂面的位置有关,为寻找潜在最危险滑裂面,在简单遗传算法中引入复合形搜索法得到一种高效的复合形遗传算法,并将其用于墙后填土潜在最危险滑裂面搜索和相应主动土压力计算。最后,对室内模型挡墙和现场实际挡墙后填土土压力进行了分析计算,计算值与实测值吻合很好,这表明该方法不仅可行,而且可靠。 相似文献
18.
The shear strength envelope of most geotechnical materials is nonlinear. In this study, the finite element–based limit equilibrium method (FELE) is improved to assess the stability of a prescribed slip surface that obeys a nonlinear failure criterion. Two nonlinear failure criteria, namely, the Barton criterion and the generalized Hoek-Brown (GHB) criterion, are implemented. A power curve model that can perfectly fit the envelope of the GHB criterion is proposed to explicitly express the shear strength from the normal stress. The algorithm of the improved FELE, which includes a nonlinear criterion, is explained in detail, and the fast convergence of the method is checked by evaluating examples. The numerical examples show that, for a smooth slip surface, FELE can calculate a greater factor of safety (FOS) than that calculated using the Morgenstern-Price (MP) method when the strength criterion of slip surface is nonlinear. In addition, FELE can determine the bell-shaped distribution of the increase in normal stress caused by anchoring measures, which cannot be considered in the MP method. 相似文献
19.
In this paper, a nonlinear numerical technique is developed to calculate the limit load and failure mode of structures obeying an ellipsoid yield criterion by means of the kinematic limit theorem, nonlinear programming theory and displacement-based finite element method. Using an associated flow rule, a general yield criterion expressed by an ellipsoid equation can be directly introduced into the kinematic theorem of limit analysis. The yield surface is not linearized and instead a nonlinear purely kinematic formulation is obtained. The nonlinear formulation has a smaller number of constraints and requires less computational effort than a linear formulation. By applying the finite element method, the kinematic limit analysis with an ellipsoid yield criterion is formulated as a nonlinear mathematical programming problem subject to only a small number of equality constraints. The objective function corresponds to the dissipation power which is to be minimized and an upper bound to the plastic limit load of a structure can then be calculated by solving the minimum optimization problem. An effective, direct iterative algorithm has been developed to solve the resulting nonlinear programming formulation. The calculation is based purely on kinematically admissible velocities. The stress field does not need to be calculated and the failure mode of structures can be obtained. The proposed method can be used to calculate the bearing capacity of clay soils in a direct way. Some examples are given to illustrate the validity and effectiveness of the proposed method. 相似文献
20.
Conventional methods for calculation of passive earth pressure were mainly based on the assumptions of the linear Mohr‐Coulomb yield condition and plane strain failure mechanism. However, both theoretical and experimental studies have shown that such assumptions are not satisfied in some geotechnical projects. Herein, a novel method incorporating a kinematically admissible 3‐dimensional (3D) rotational failure mechanism and the nonlinear power‐law yield criterion is proposed to compute the passive earth pressure acting on the inclined retaining walls. Instead of using the nonlinear yield criterion directly, a straight line tangential to the nonlinear yield curve is employed to represent the strength of soils, and therefore, the nonlinear problem is transformed into the traditional linear problem. The 3D failure mechanism is generated through rotating a circle defined by 2 log‐spirals, and a plane strain block is inserted into the mechanism to consider the retaining walls with different widths. Earthquake effects are taken into account by using quasi‐static representation, and the horizontal seismic coefficient concept is adopted for the estimation of passive earth pressure under seismic conditions. An analytical expression about the 3D passive earth pressure is educed by means of the upper bound theorem of limit analysis. Numerical results for different practical parameters are obtained from an optimization scheme where the minimum of passive earth pressure is sought. Compared with available 2‐dimensional and 3D solutions, the proposed method is validated. A parametric study is conducted to investigate the effects of different parameters on the 3D static and seismic passive earth pressure. 相似文献