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1.
致密砂岩储层流体可动性对油气开发、预测和评价具有重要意义。查阅国内近十年相关成果，对致密储层流体可动性的相关参数、测试方法、分布特征及其影响因素进行了分析。发现致密砂岩储层的弛豫时间T2谱截止值为0.540~41.600 ms，可动流体孔隙度为0.12%~14.35%，可动流体饱和度为2.16%~90.30%，Ⅲ—Ⅳ类储层是致密砂岩储层的主要类型，致密储层可动流体的孔喉半径下限为0.013~0.110 μm，高压压汞、核磁共振、恒速压汞识别的孔喉半径下限分别为0.037 5、0.070 0~0.200 0、0.120 0 μm，水膜厚度为0.05~1.00 μm。统计分析显示，核磁共振、恒速压汞测得致密储层可动流体饱和度偏低；水膜厚度是影响致密砂岩储层流体渗流的主要因素；低煤阶煤层可动流体饱和度最高，致密砂岩储层次之，页岩储层最低；致密砂岩储层约是页岩储层、低煤阶煤层可动流体孔隙度的10倍；砂岩储层可动流体赋存于孔隙和喉道中，受孔隙和喉道共同控制；致密砂岩具有喉道分布集中，有效孔隙发育差，孔隙大部分为喉道半径小于1.000 μm的微细孔；喉道半径越集中、孔喉半径比越小、有效喉道半径越大，越有利于储层流体的渗流；砂岩渗透率（<2×10-3 μm2）越低，可动流体参数衰减越快；渗透率（>2×10-3 μm2）越高，可动流体参数升高越缓慢；喉道半径是控制致密砂岩储层流体可动性的主要因素。 相似文献
2.
With the aim of better understanding the tight gas reservoirs in the Zizhou area of east Ordos Basin, a total of222 samples were collected from 50 wells for a series of experiments. In this study, three pore-throat combination types in sandstones were revealed and confirmed to play a controlling role in the distribution of throat size and the characteristics of gas-water relative permeability. The type-Ⅰ sandstones are dominated by intercrystalline micropores connected by cluster throats, of which the distribution curves of throat size are narrow and have a strong single peak(peak ratio 30%). The pores in the type-Ⅱ sandstones dominantly consist of secondary dissolution pores and intercrystalline micropores, and throats mainly occur as slice-shaped throats along cleavages between rigid grain margins and cluster throats in clay cement.The distribution curves of throat size for the type-Ⅱ sandstones show a bimodal distribution with a substantial low-value region between the peaks(peak ratio 15%). Primary intergranular pores and secondary intergranular pores are mainly found in type-Ⅲ samples, which are connected by various throats. The throat size distribution curves of type-Ⅲ sandstones show a nearly normal distribution with low kurtosis(peak ratio 10%), and the micro-scale throat radii(0.5 μm) constitute a large proportion. From type-Ⅰ to type-Ⅲ sandstones, the irreducible water saturation(Swo) decreased; furthermore, the slope of the curves of Krw/Krg in two-phase saturation zone decreased and the two-phase saturation zone increased,indicating that the gas relative flow ability increased. Variations of the permeability exist in sandstones with different porethroat combination types, which indicate the type-Ⅲ sandstones are better reservoirs, followed by type-Ⅱ sandstones and type-Ⅰ sandstones. As an important factor affecting the reservoir quality, the pore-throat combination type in sandstones is the cumulative expression of lithology and diagenetic modifications with strong heterogeneity. 相似文献
3.
为全面表征缝洞型碳酸盐岩气藏多类型储集层的孔隙结构特征及储渗能力,借助多种测试技术对四川盆地高石梯-磨溪地区灯四段储集层样品进行分析与研究。首先利用铸体薄片和扫描电镜技术定性刻画了储集层的岩性、物性、储集空间和喉道特征,然后根据高压压汞得到的毛管压力曲线对储集层进行分类,最后基于多尺度CT扫描定量表征了3类样品的二维、三维孔隙结构特征。结果表明：研究区储集空间既有受组构控制的粒间溶孔、粒内溶孔和晶间溶孔等,又有不受组构控制的溶洞、溶缝和构造缝;喉道以缩颈、片状和管束状为主;根据毛管压力曲线特征,储集层可划分为缝洞型、孔洞型和孔隙型;缝洞型大孔隙与溶洞发育,分布均匀且连通性好,喉道粗大且数量较多,微裂缝与溶洞串接呈串珠状分布,沟通了孤立的储集空间,具有最好的储渗能力;孔洞型多尺度孔隙与溶洞发育,储集能力强,喉道粗大但数量较少,连通性较差,各储集空间无法有效沟通,渗流能力受限;孔隙型细小孔隙发育且分布不均,大部分区域被岩石骨架占据,喉道数量少且连通性极差,储渗能力弱。 相似文献
4.
LI Peng JIA Chengzao JIN Zhijun LIU Quanyou BI He ZHENG Min WU Songtao HUANG Zhenkai 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(2):219-232
Pore distribution and micro pore-throat structure characteristics are significant for tight oil reservoir evaluation, but their relationship remains unclear. This paper selects the tight sandstone reservoir of the Chang 7 member of the Xin’anbian Block in the Ordos Basin as the research object and analyzes the pore size distribution and micro pore-throat structure using field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM), high-pressure mercury injection(HPMI), highpressure mercury injection, and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) analyses. The study finds that:(1) Based on the pore size distribution, the tight sandstone reservoir is characterized by three main patterns with different peak amplitudes. The former peak corresponds to the nanopore scale, and the latter peak corresponds to the micropore scale. Then, the tight sandstone reservoir is categorized into three types: type 1 reservoir contains more nanopores with a nanopore-to-micropore volume ratio of 82:18;type 2 reservoir has a nanopore-to-micropore volume ratio of 47:53;and type 3 reservoir contains more micropores with a nanopore-to-micropore volume ratio of 35:65.(2) Affected by the pore size distribution, the throat radius distributions of different reservoir types are notably offset. The type 1 reservoir throat radius distribution curve is weakly unimodal, with a relatively dispersed distribution and peak ranging from 0.01 μm to 0.025 μm. The type 2 reservoir’s throat radius distribution curve is single-peaked with a wide distribution range and peak from 0.1 μm to 0.25 μm. The type 3 reservoir’s throat radius distribution curve is single-peaked with a relatively narrow distribution and peak from 0.1 μm to 0.25 μm. With increasing micropore volume, pore-throat structure characteristics gradually improve.(3) The correlation between micropore permeability and porosity exceeds that of nanopores, indicating that the development of micropores notably influences the seepage capacity. In the type 1 reservoir, only the mean radius and effective porosity have suitable correlations with the nanopore and micropore porosities. The pore-throat structure parameters of the type 2 and 3 reservoirs have reasonable correlations with the nanopore and micropore porosities, indicating that the development of these types of reservoirs is affected by the pore size distribution. This study is of great significance for evaluating lacustrine tight sandstone reservoirs in China. The research results can provide guidance for evaluating tight sandstone reservoirs in other regions based on pore size distribution. 相似文献
5.
以鄂尔多斯盆地延长东区块本溪组砂砾岩储层为研究对象,通过铸体薄片、扫描电镜、高压压汞和核磁共振等方法分析储层孔隙与流体差异赋存特征,探讨流体差异赋存影响因素。结果表明：储层主要发育粒间溶孔和晶间孔,进一步分为裂缝-粒间溶孔型、晶间孔-溶孔型、溶孔型、微孔型储层,以裂缝-粒间溶孔型、晶间孔-溶孔型储层发育较好。储层可动流体饱和度为51.16%～86.82%,T2谱为双峰态,呈左低右高型。孔隙发育差异对可动流体流体赋存呈现出不同特征,孔隙发育较差的溶孔型和微孔型储层仍具有较高的可动流体饱和度。粒间溶孔、最大连通孔喉半径、中值半径及最大进汞饱和度等影响储层可动流体饱和度,以裂缝-粒间溶孔型、晶间孔-溶孔型储层尤为显著。溶孔型、微孔型储层可动流体饱和度受铁白云石影响更为明显,铁白云石能够改善界面的润湿性,使流体在其纳米孔隙中仍具备较好的流动能力。 相似文献
6.
恩泽加绿岩带是坦桑尼亚重要的成矿带之一,产出了高登普莱德(Golden Pride)等多个大型金矿。通过对坦桑尼亚恩泽加绿岩带已发现的隐伏金矿床进行分析研究,结果显示恩泽加绿岩带隐伏金矿床构造控矿作用明显;高精度磁法和激电中梯测量结果显示含矿构造蚀变带具有高磁、低阻、相对高极化的特征;土壤地球化学测量结果显示成矿元素Au异常在空间分布上大于相应的含矿构造蚀变带的分布范围,其浓集方向与含矿构造蚀变带展布一致,并与指示元素As、Sb的套合性较好。根据该区域隐伏金矿床的地质、地球物理及地球化学特征,对该区隐伏金矿床的找矿标志进行了总结,明确了各找矿标志与隐伏金矿床之间的关系,并在此基础上构建了恩泽加绿岩带隐伏金矿床的综合找矿模型,该模型的应用显示了多种技术手段联合实施在寻找绿岩带型隐伏金矿床的有效性。 相似文献
7.
ZHANG Shaomin CAO Yingchang Jens JAHREN ZHU Rukai MAO Zhiguo XI Kelai Kashif MUHAMMAD Helge HELLEVANG 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(3):1170-1192
This work investigated the pore structure characteristics and reservoir features of the finegrained tight reservoirs in the lower member of the Xinhe Formation(J_2 x_1) in the Xiaohu subsag,Yabulai Basin based on core samples through various techniques. Interbedded silt/fine sandstones and mudstones are developed in the study area. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) images were used to delineate different types of pores, including primary intergranular pores, secondary intergranular and intragranular pores, organic pores and fractures. The pore types were distinguished by pore size, pore area, location and formation process. The pore radii of the fine-grained rocks range from 1 nm to 1.55μm, mainly concentrated between 5 and 300 nm by low pressure N_2 adsorption and MICP analyses. The pore structure parameters of pore throat size and pore throat sorting coefficient are both positively correlated with porosity, while pore throat sorting coefficient has a negative correlation with permeability. The pore structures of the studied samples are much related to the mineral type and content and grain size, followed by TOC content. In these rocks with relatively low TOC and low maturity, the rigid minerals protect pores with pressure shadow from collapse, and dissolution-related pores contribute a lot to inorganic porosity. In contrast, these rocks with abundant TOC contain a large number of organic pores. The permeability of the fine-grained tight reservoir is mainly dominated by larger pore throats, while a large number of small pores(mostly 0.1 μm) contribute considerably to porosity. These results have deepened our understanding of the interbedded fine-grained tight reservoirs and can be applicable to fine-grained reservoirs in a similar setting. 相似文献
8.
F. P. Lai Z. P. Li H. K. Dong Z. Y. Jiang G. T. Mao 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2019,66(5):741-750
Microscopic pore structure and water distribution are important and fundamental parameters for coalbed methane reservoir characterisation. These are closely related to the calculation/interpretation of other critical parameters, such as permeability and flow capacity. In this study, scanning electron microscopy, low-pressure nitrogen gas adsorption, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and theoretical calculations were used to study the pore structure characteristics and water distribution of Zhaozhuang coal mine in the southeastern Qinshui Basin, PR China. The results show that the pore radius ranges from 2.066 to 594.045?nm, mainly classified as micropores and transitional pores. The micropores significantly contribute to the total pore volume. The adsorption pores (micropores and transitional pores) contribute the most to the total specific surface area. The T2 spectrum distributions of saturated water samples show two peaks. The first T2 spectrum peak is related to adsorption pores, whereas the second T2 spectrum peak is related to seepage pores. The seepage pores were not well developed as the adsorption pores. Most adsorption pores are saturated with irreducible water that could not be discharged by centrifugation, whereas the seepage pores are saturated with movable water that could be completely discharged by centrifugation. The T2 cutoff method was used to calculate the irreducible water saturation, and the irreducible water saturation of the sample was ≥90%. The irreducible water was mainly distributed in the micropores, and some of the irreducible water was distributed in the transitional pores. The irreducible water that remains in the pores can cause reservoir damage. 相似文献
9.
通过岩石薄片、铸体薄片、扫描电镜、压汞分析及粘土矿物X衍射分析等资料,从储层的岩性、成岩作用、孔隙类型及影响孔隙结构的因素方面,对阿尔及利亚三叠盆地泥盆系Siegenian组储层的微观特征及成岩作用对其影响进行了研究。研究结果表明,该储层以石英细砂岩、粉砂岩为主,成分成熟度高。储集空间主要有原生粒间孔、粒内溶孔、粒间溶孔、铸模孔、胶结物内溶孔及构造裂缝6种,主要以次生溶蚀孔隙为主,且首次在研究区发现了石英溶蚀孔,并研究了碱性流体的来源。孔隙结构以细孔、细喉-微喉型为主,少量中孔细喉型和微孔微喉型。成岩作用类型多样,在区内发现了碱性溶蚀作用。成岩作用对储层发育具有重要的影响,压实、胶结作用是导致孔隙度和渗透率降低的主要因素,溶蚀作用是区内储层改善的最重要的成岩作用类型。X区块勘探程度低,明确其储层微观特征有利于X区块的进一步勘探开发。 相似文献
10.
为明确伊拉克M油田白垩系Mishrif组碳酸盐岩储层成因，基于岩芯观察、铸体薄片、物性分析及测井资料，通过沉积微相分析确定研究区沉积环境，系统分析不同沉积相储层特征。结果表明:M油田Mishrif组为带障壁的缓坡环境，包括潟湖边缘坪、潟湖、台内滩、滩后、潮道、浅滩、滩前及开阔浅海。中、高渗储层主要发育于浅滩和滩前等高能沉积环境，储集层以粒间孔和粒间溶孔为主，发育大孔喉，生屑滩储集层和滩前储集层物性分布区间较大。潟湖边缘坪、潟湖、台内滩及滩后等低能沉积环境以低渗和特低渗储集层为主，孔隙度跨度大，孔隙类型主要为基质微孔、颗粒微孔、铸模孔和粒间孔，以微喉和中喉为主，喉道分选较好。综合分析认为:沉积相通过控制沉积物的结构组分控制了岩石的成岩演化。高能沉积型储集层以溶蚀作用和胶结作用为主，储集层物性是胶结物对孔隙和喉道充填封堵程度的函数；低能沉积型储层是生物多样性和差异成岩作用的结果，选择性溶蚀作用、与生物扰动相伴生的白云化作用、泥晶化作用、胶结作用、非选择性溶蚀作用和混合白云化作用形成的复杂孔隙控制了储集层物性。 相似文献
11.
综合利用岩心、薄片、扫描电镜以及测井资料,对准噶尔盆地中央坳陷莫索湾地区侏罗系三工河组一段致密砂岩气储集层特征及致密化成因进行研究。结果表明: (1)三工河组一段储集层平均埋深超过4500 m,具低—特低孔、低—特低渗特征,属于典型深层致密砂岩气储集层;(2)沉积类型为浅水三角洲—湖泊相沉积,三角洲前缘水下分流河道砂岩为主要储集层;(3)岩石类型以细砂岩、粉—细砂岩为主,主要为低成分成熟度的岩屑砂岩,具有岩屑和塑性岩屑含量高及胶结物含量低的“两高一低”特征;(4)储集层孔隙类型以混合孔为主,孔隙-孔喉组合类型以中细孔-细喉型为主,孔喉分选性、连通性和渗流能力相对较差,微观孔隙结构总体较差;物质成分、压实作用及胶结物充填是3个导致储集层致密化的因素,从而形成三工河组一段深层致密砂岩气储集层。 相似文献
12.
Depositional and Diagenetic Controls on Pore Structure of Tight Gas Sandstone Reservoirs: Evidence from Lower Cretaceous Bashijiqike Formation in Kelasu Thrust Belts,Kuqa Depression in Tarim Basin of West China 
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下载免费PDF全文 Deeply buried Lower Cretaceous Bashijiqike sandstones are important gas exploration targets in the Kelasu thrust belt, Kuqa Depression of Tarim Basin in China. The sandstones are characterized by low porosity, low permeability and strong microscopic heterogeneity due to diagenesis during their geologic history. Mineralogical, petrographic, and geochemical analyses combined with high‐pressure mercury injection analysis have been used to investigate the diagenesis, diagenetic minerals, and their impact on reservoir quality. This article addresses the controls exerted by depositional parameters and diagenetic modifications on pore‐network characteristics (porosity, pore types, sizes, shapes, and distribution), with the aim to unravel the formation mechanisms of this complex pore structures, and to improve the characterization and classification evaluation for the Bashijiqike sandstone reservoirs. The Bashijiqike sandstones are dominated by lithic arkoses and feldspathic litharenite. The pore system consists of intergranular macropores, intergranular micropores, and intragranular pores. Framework grains are generally heavily compacted. Authigenic quartz, authigenic feldspar, clay minerals and carbonates are the major pore‐filling constituents. The pore structure is characterized by small pore radius and poor interconnectivity. Entry pressure reflects the microscopic pore network and macroscopic reservoir property characteristics. Pore structure characteristics are linked to the depositional parameters, type and degree of diagenesis. Clays do not control reservoir pore networks alone, and pores and pore throats are wider in coarser grained sandstones. Entry pressure decreases with the content of the rigid quartz. Compaction and cementation continue to decrease the pore‐throat size, while dissolution enlarges pores and pore‐throats radius. Considerable amounts of microporosity associated with clay minerals and altered grains contribute to the high entry pressure. Comprehensive Coefficient of Diagenesis (CCD), which considers the integrative effect of diagenesis, shows strong statistical correlations with entry pressure. CCD is an integrative modulus of diagenesis and physical property, and generally the higher the values are, the better the pore structure. It is suitable for quantitatively characterizing pore structure in tight gas sandstones. The results of this work can help assess pore‐network characteristics like the Bashijiqike sandstones which had experienced strong diagenetic modifications during their geological history. 相似文献
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为探讨致密砂岩储层的微观孔喉结构参数对可动流体赋存特征的影响,本文以苏里格气田东区和西区盒8储层为例,利用铸体薄片、扫描电镜、恒速压汞及核磁共振等实验方法,对比并分析了微观孔喉结构差异对可动流体赋存特征的影响。结果表明:喉道大小及分布特征是造成致密砂岩储层渗流能力不同的主要因素,喉道半径分布范围越宽,峰值越大,渗流能力就越强;相反,喉道半径分布范围越窄,峰值越小,渗流能力就越弱。致密砂岩储层在可动流体赋存特征方面的差异本质是源于喉道发育程度不同,特别是在孔喉结构非均质性越强的储层中,喉道对可动流体的赋存特征影响越为显著。致密砂岩储层的有效孔隙体积相比于有效喉道体积对可动流体的影响更大,也更能表征流体的赋存状态。 相似文献
14.
应用常规物性、铸体薄片、扫描电镜、常规压汞、核磁共振等实验,着重分析姬塬地区长6油层组微观孔隙结构类型划分及其对可动流体饱和度的影响。研究表明:该区的储集空间主要为原生粒间孔、其次为长石溶孔;根据毛管压力曲线形态以及相应的参数,将储层孔隙结构分为Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类、Ⅲ类、Ⅳ类,四类孔隙结构对应储集空间不同,其储集性能和渗流能力依次变差;核磁共振测得T_2谱图形态与其所对应孔喉半径进汞饱和度分布形态相似,T_2值大小与孔喉半径大小呈正相关性,孔喉半径是影响可动流体分布的主要因子,渗透率与可动流体饱和度呈较好的正相关性,是表征孔隙结构渗流能力的直观参数。 相似文献
15.
LI Bo WANG Xingzhi LIU Hongqi WANG Yongjun TIAN Jie HUO Fei GAO Zhaolong 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(2):305-321
Cast thin section observation, scanning electron microscopy(SEM), high-pressure mercury injection(HPMI), and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) were used to examine the microstructure of tight carbonate reservoirs in the Lower Jurassic Da’anzhai Member, the central Sichuan Basin. The pore space in the Da’anzhai Member is classified into 2 types and 17 subtypes, with nano-scale pore throats of ‘O’, ‘S’, ‘Z’, and ‘I’ shapes. Poorly sorted pore throats vary greatly in diameter;thus, it is difficult for fluid flow to pass through these pore throats. There are three classes of pore throats in carbonate reservoirs, i.e. isolated pores, pores coexisting with fractures, and large pores and fractures. Isolated pores may provide some pore space, but the permeability is low. Pores and fractures coexisting in the reservoir may have a great impact on porosity and permeability;they are the major pore space in the reservoir. Large pores and fractures have a great impact on reservoir properties, but they only account for a limited proportion of total pore space. The microstructure of Da’anzhai reservoirs, which dominates fluid mobility, is dependent on sedimentary environment, diagenesis, and tectonic process. Pore structure is related to sedimentary environment. The occurrence of microfractures, which may improve reservoir properties, is dependent on tectonic process. Diageneses are of utmost importance to pore evolution, cementation and growth of minerals have played an important role in destroying reservoir microstructure. 相似文献
16.
成岩作用直接影响储层的孔隙演化,控制储层物性及含油性,厘清储层的差异成岩作用及其与油气充注的序列对油气勘探具有重要意义。通过岩芯观察和各类薄片显微镜下鉴定统计,综合X衍射、荧光、物性和压汞等多种测试手段,对殷家城—合道地区延安组三角洲平原砂岩差异成岩演化及其对储层分类的控制作用进行研究。结果显示:原始沉积和成岩流体的差异性是储层差异成岩的主要原因,不同成岩相和储层类型与试油产量均具有较好的对应关系。分流河道中—粗粒砂岩原始孔隙度大,酸性溶蚀作用较强,粒模孔和喉道发育,孔喉连通性好,为大孔喉中孔中高渗储层,多见工业油流井,为Ⅰ类储层;分流河道中—细粒砂岩成岩演化较为缓慢均一,酸性溶蚀产生大量散点状溶孔,孔喉连通性差,为与Ⅰ类储层主要区别,孔隙度相当但渗透率较小,为小中孔喉、中孔中低渗储层,多见低产油流井,为Ⅱ类储层;天然堤含泥细—粉砂岩压实作用强烈,云母弯曲变形,为主要减孔因素,根据方解石含量可将其进一步分为两类,一类无明显方解石胶结,为特小孔喉、低孔特低渗储层,多产水,另一类发育强烈压实作用的同时见大量方解石胶结,为致密无效储层,多为干层,二者均划分为Ⅲ类储层。各类储层的空间分布与单井试油产量间具有较好对应关系,可为下一步储层甜点的预测提供理论支撑。 相似文献
17.
Formation Mechanism of the Changxing Formation Gas Reservoir in the Yuanba Gas Field, Sichuan Basin, China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
LONG Shengxiang HUANG Renchun LI Hongtao YOU Yuchun LIU Guoping BAI Zhenrui 《《地质学报》英文版》2011,85(1):233-242
In a very gentle platform-margin paleogeographic environment, platform-margin reef flat facies carbonate reservoir rocks were developed in the Changxing Formation of Yuanba field. Later weak structural evolution and diagenetic evolution caused the Changxing Formation to form lithologic traps, with good reservoirs such as dissolved bioclastic dolostone and dissolved pore dolostone. The Changxing Formation gas reservoir is a pseudo-layered porous lithologic gas reservoir under pressure depletion drive, with high H2S and moderate CO2 contents. This paper predictes that the conducting system for the Changxing Formation gas reservoir is possibly composed of the pores and microfractures in the Changxing Formation reservoir, the top erosional surface of the Changxing Formation, as well as the micropores and microfractures in the underlying formations. The Changxing Formation reservoir has experienced 3 hydrocarbon charging stages. This paper suggests that diffusion is the major formation mechanism for this gas reservoir. In the Middle and Late Yanshanian, the Yuanba area entered the major gas charging stage. The gas migrated mainly through diffusion and with the assistance of seepage flow in small faults and microfractures from the source rocks and the other oil-bearing strata to the Changxing Formation carbonate reservoir rocks, forming lithologic gas pools. In the Himalayan Epoch, the lithologic traps were uplifted as a whole without strong modification or overlapping, and were favorable for gas preservation. 相似文献
18.
Y. Y. Huyan T. S. Liu F. J. Jiang X. Z. Chen X. Q. Ma 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2018,65(6):863-875
Residual and movable porosity are significant parameters for characterising petrophysical properties, especially in tight reservoirs. Eight tight sandstone samples from the upper Paleozoic gas-bearing strata in the Kangning area, from the eastern margin of the Ordos Basin, were analysed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), petrography, and porosity and permeability tests. The lithology and pore types were identified and classified using petrography and SEM. The residual and movable porosity were obtained with NMR. In addition, NMR was used to visualise pore structure and pore size distribution. The results suggest that the upper Paleozoic sandstones in the study area mainly comprise feldspathic litharenite and litharenite. The sandstone porosity and permeability are low, with means of 5.9% and 0.549 mD, respectively. Four pore types exist in the tight sandstones: residual primary pores, grain dissolution pores, micropores (clay-dominated) and microfractures. The T2 spectra under water-saturated conditions correlate with pore size and can be used to distinguish small and large pores based on the transverse relaxation time cutoff value of 10 ms, which corresponds to a pore diameter of 0.232 μm. Small pores account for 72% of the pores in the tight sandstones. The continuous bimodal T2 spectra suggest good connectivity between small and large pores, despite the low porosity and permeability. In this study, the movable porosity of the major tight sandstone gas reservoirs is higher than the residual porosity, which confirms the effective evaluation of movable porosity to tight sandstone reservoirs, based on NMR experiments. 相似文献
19.
以柴达木盆地英西地区古近系下干柴沟组上段(E2-3xg2)为例,基于岩心、薄片、扫描电镜、测录井、X衍射及物性分析,探讨湖平面升降对混积型碳酸盐储集层形成及其分布的控制。英西地区E2-3xg2整体为咸化背景下的湖相混合沉积,内部由多种结构类型的湖平面升降沉积旋回在纵向叠置而成,并伴随岩石结构产状及矿物组分的周期性变化。区内储集层类型多样,以混积型碳酸盐岩为主,各类储集层的纵向演化及物性分布与单个湖平面升降旋回具有良好的耦合关系,自下而上构成原生晶间微孔-溶扩晶间微孔-充填残余溶孔的孔隙组合,储集层物性具有向上变好的趋势。各类储集层的形成机理与空间分布受湖平面升降旋回控制,白云石晶间微孔型储集层形成于湖退早-中期,与准同生白云石化作用相关,物性一般,分布广泛;溶扩晶间微孔型和溶孔型储集层形成于湖退晚期,与地貌高部位的短暂暴露溶蚀相关,储渗性能优异,局部发育。 相似文献
20.
为解决准噶尔盆地腹部沙窝地、莫西庄和征沙村三地区下侏罗统三工河组砂岩储层物性—含油性差异大及控制因素不清的问题,本文通过岩芯描述、铸体薄片和扫描电镜分析,依据物性数据及压汞资料,对研究区三工河组储集空间特征、孔渗特征及孔喉结构特征进行了详细的研究,通过隔夹层分析、岩屑成分及含量分析、成岩特征研究等方法探讨了制约研究区三工河组储层物性—含油性关系的主控因素,研究表明沙窝地和莫西庄小区三工河组储层埋深相对较浅,主要以中粗孔喉和较细孔喉的原生（残留）孔隙为主;征沙村小区埋藏较深,以细孔喉和微孔喉的次生孔隙及裂缝发育为特色。在此基础上探讨了三工河组储层物性的控制因素,研究认为埋藏深度为影响储层发育的主要因素;沉积微相和砂体成因类型为控制储层发育的基础;低地温梯度延迟了压实效应等,有效保存了原生孔隙;塑性岩屑含量、储层的隔层和夹层因素,即储层的非均质性在某种程度上影响砂体的储集性。 相似文献