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1.
阿拉斯加型岩体的基本特征、成岩过程及成矿作用 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
阿拉斯加型岩体是一类具有独特的岩性环带状结构的镁铁-超镁铁质侵入体,常呈链状分布于汇聚板块边缘。其形成时代跨度较大,从元古代到新生代均有分布,以中生代最为发育。大部分阿拉斯加型岩体规模较小,出露面积约12～14 km~2或更小,平面上呈近似同心环状结构,垂直剖面上呈管道状。岩体中心为纯橄岩,向外依次包括异剥橄榄岩、橄榄单斜辉石岩、单斜辉石岩、角闪单斜辉石岩、角闪石岩和辉长岩。造岩矿物为橄榄石、单斜辉石、角闪石等,副矿物为铬铁矿、磁铁矿、钛铁矿等,超镁铁质岩石中少或无斜方辉石,斜长石仅出现在边缘的辉长质岩石中。磁铁矿在单斜辉石岩和角闪石岩中为常见矿物,含量最高达15%～20%。阿拉斯加型岩体的主量元素成分揭示所有岩石均为与拉斑玄武质岩浆分异有关的亚碱性堆晶岩。微量元素成分上显示平坦的稀土元素配分型式和较低的微量元素含量,且富集大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素。矿物化学特征上,橄榄石富镁且Fo值变化较大;单斜辉石主要为富Ca的透辉石,其成分变化具有弧堆晶趋势;角闪石主要是镁角闪石和韭角闪石;铬铁矿富集Fe-Al,贫Cr。这些特征揭示,该类岩体成因明显不同于层状岩体和阿尔卑斯型岩体。综合岩石学、矿物学和地球化学分析表明,阿拉斯加型岩体形成于与板块俯冲作用有关的岛弧或者活动大陆边缘背景下,其母岩浆为受到熔/流体交代的地幔楔部分熔融产生的含水玄武质岩浆。各岩相为未受明显地壳混染的同源母岩浆在地壳深度结晶分异的产物。阿拉斯加型岩体的岩浆体系具有含水且高氧逸度的特征,其通常为铂族元素和铬铁矿矿床的重要载体,无或少铜镍矿化。 相似文献
2.
阿热岩体呈NNE方向展布于义敦岛弧带中甸弧南端,与相邻格咱断裂方向一致。岩体主要发育有角闪闪长玢岩、辉石闪长玢岩、含辉石角闪闪长玢岩及石英闪长玢岩。本文根据岩体内斑晶分布特征,选择角闪闪长玢岩、辉石闪长玢岩及含辉石角闪闪长玢岩及其析离体中的角闪石和单斜辉石进行岩相学及矿物化学研究,其结果显示岩体中角闪石及单斜辉石均分为高Mg#及低Mg#两类,角闪石及辉石均发育与岩浆混合作用相关的不平衡结构,存在同源异相岩浆混合作用,分异结晶作用不明显;成岩岩浆与三叠纪俯冲的甘孜-理塘洋壳板片有关,俯冲过程中板片脱水形成的流体及部分熔融形成的熔体与地幔楔交代是其岩浆形成的重要机制,其岩浆过程主要受构造应力控制,由不富水或局部富水岩浆向富水岩浆演化,具高MgO及SiO2/Al2O3向低MgO及SiO2/Al2O3演化的特点;角闪石温度压力估算结果显示先形成的低Mg#角闪石结晶压力远大于高Mg#角闪石。根据岩浆侵位的构造、压力环境及其动力学背景,我们认为甘孜-理塘洋壳向西俯冲过程中由于中咱地块西侧的羌塘地块于中三叠时期(~230Ma)开始向东挤压碰撞,在此过程中洋壳板片可能发生断离,导致该区背景构造挤压应力在228~219Ma期间先增大后变小。 相似文献
3.
孤山子超基性岩体位于华北克拉通北缘,主要由角闪石岩、辉长岩及辉石岩组成。本文通过角闪石、辉石、尖晶石的探针分析,角闪石岩、辉长岩的岩石地球化学及Sr-Nd-Pb同位素测试分析,研究孤山子超基性岩体地质地球化学特征,探讨其形成的构造环境。电子探针结果表明,角闪石属韭闪石亚族,具幔源特性;辉石属透辉石亚族,具弧堆晶岩特点;尖晶石属富Al尖晶石亚族,大量存在于辉石岩中。岩石地球化学及Sr-Nd同位素特征显示,孤山子超基性岩原岩浆几乎不受壳源物质的影响。低Mg#(0.44~0.55)及较高LREE/HREE(6.54~8.34),表明原岩浆分异程度较高。同时,全岩富集LREE、Rb、Sr、Ba等大离子亲石元素,亏损HREE、Cr、Ni、Nb、Ta、Zr、Hf等高场强元素,Sr、Nd同位素比值小,(87Sr/86Sr)ⅰ=0.70398~0.70430,εNd(t)=-1.60~-2.72,指示源岩为富集型地幔。孤山子超基性岩在晚古生代侵位于陆弧以南的沉积盆地中,地球化学特征介于弧堆晶岩和大陆裂谷岩浆岩之间。结合其大地构造背景及地球化学特征来看,孤山子超基性岩体应形成于陆缘弧后方局部伸展环境。 相似文献
4.
铬铁矿作为蛇绿岩中的重要矿产,其成矿母岩浆性质及演化一直存在较大争议.铬铁矿的矿物包裹体同时或先于铬铁矿结晶,其成分和类别能很好地记录成矿母岩浆性质和演化过程.土耳其Pozant?-Karsant?蛇绿岩不同类型铬铁岩的铬铁矿中发现了多种类型包裹体:不含水硅酸盐矿物（如橄榄石和单斜辉石）、含水硅酸盐矿物（如角闪石和金云母）、复合型矿物包裹体（如蛇纹石、硅灰石和单斜辉石的复合型包裹体）和不常见矿物（如磷灰石、铂族元素硫化物）.含水矿物包裹体的出现以及矿物的高Mg#特征（如橄榄石Fo=95.4~97.1;单斜辉石Mg#=92.0~99.9;角闪石Mg#=88.9~99.8）表明结晶铬铁矿的母岩浆具有富水、富Mg的特征.同时,除钙铬榴石和磷灰石的包裹体外,在铬铁矿中首次发现富Ca矿物方解石和硅灰石,其中方解石和菱镁矿以复合型包裹体形式产出,硅灰石则分布于蛇纹石矿物包裹体中.这些富Ca矿物的出现以及硅酸盐矿物的高CaO含量均揭示了铬铁岩母岩浆的富Ca特征.母岩浆中的Ca组分可能来源于俯冲板块中富Ca岩石/矿物的部分熔融,Ca离子的大量出现使得Cr3+在熔体中更加稳定,同时富Ca矿物的结晶促进了岩浆中Cr的进一步富集而利于铬铁矿的大量结晶沉淀. 相似文献
5.
冀北小张家口基性-超基性杂岩的成因:岩石学、地球化学和Nd-Sr同位素证据 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
冀北小张家口基性-超基性杂岩体主要由辉石岩和次要的纯橄岩组成,并含有方辉橄榄岩透镜状捕掳体.岩石学和元素地球化学数据表明,辉石岩和纯橄岩可能是堆晶成因,而方辉橄榄岩可能是来自地幔源区的地幔岩捕掳体(抽取玄武质熔体之后的难熔残余).辉石岩和纯橄岩都表现出相当富集的Nd-Sr同位素特征,εND (t)=-2～10,ISr=0.7045～0.7081,表明它们的母岩浆来自富集的岩石圈地幔的部分熔融.化学成分和同位素成分一致表明,母岩浆在以橄榄石和辉石为主的分离结晶过程中,遭受下地壳不同程度的混染.辉石岩受显著混染,不能代表岩石圈地幔的同位素成分;而纯橄岩是最初的分离结晶体,仅受轻微下地壳混染,可近似反应岩石圈地幔源区的同位素成分.小张家口岩体的形成可能与古亚洲洋的缝合(240～250Ma)有关. 相似文献
6.
东天山黄山岩带因发育众多镁铁质-超镁铁质岩体和岩浆铜镍硫化物矿床而备受地质学者关注。四顶黑山岩体位于该岩带最东端,具有层状岩体特征;岩石类型有单辉橄榄岩、橄榄辉石岩、橄榄苏长辉长岩、橄榄辉长岩、辉石角闪岩、辉长岩、角闪辉长岩、闪长岩,主要造岩矿物为贵橄榄石、古铜辉石、透辉石、普通角闪石和斜长石,岩体分异较好,蚀变较发育。通过矿物显微结构特征观察以及计算得出:四顶黑山岩体中橄榄石最先结晶,其开始结晶温度大约在1419℃左右;古铜辉石和透辉石在橄榄石之后开始结晶,结晶温度分别在1100℃左右和900～1100℃之间,两矿物相在岩石中可以共存。岩体中橄榄岩相、苏长岩相发育,以及贵橄榄石+古铜辉石的矿物组合特征,表明岩体具有形成铜镍(铂)矿床的有利条件。 相似文献
7.
华北克拉通北部高寺台晚古生代环状杂岩体是一套富单斜辉石的超镁铁质岩,是研究华北北部地幔碳酸盐化熔体交代作用的理想对象,同时也是华北克拉通北部晚古生代岩浆活动与深部碳循环联系的纽带。作者在岩体西部边缘识别出一套早二叠世早期富铁角闪单斜辉石岩,形成时代为297.8±3.4Ma。结合岩体东部辉石岩早泥盆世和早石炭世的成岩年龄,表明高寺台超镁铁质杂岩体可能是晚古生代多期岩浆侵位的产物。其次,高寺台环状超镁铁质杂岩体缺少大面积辉长岩和闪长岩、硫化物和Cu-Ni-PGE矿化,单斜辉石成分具有裂谷带堆晶岩矿物特征,角闪石也具有相对低的结晶温度(933~947℃)和压力(287~323MPa)及水含量(4.06%~5.10%),而且区域上尚未发现同期环状杂岩体和蛇绿岩,与岛弧拼贴到陆块后沿俯冲带延伸数万米侵位的阿拉斯加型环状杂岩体明显不同。另外,前人的研究显示,与铬铁矿中富镁单斜辉石包裹体平衡的苦橄质母岩浆显示出OIB的特征,具有强烈的重稀土分馏、富Nb和高Nb/La,异常高的Ca/Al和(La/Yb)N,低的Ti/Eu、Zr/Sm和Hf/Sm,这些特征都表明苦橄质母岩浆起源于石榴石相软流圈地幔,且源区遭受过显著的碳酸盐熔体交代。单斜辉石岩中单斜辉石及角闪石成分及其平衡岩浆成分记录了母岩浆与岩石圈地幔相互作用后的岩浆演化过程,也显示出比母岩浆弱的源区碳酸盐熔体交代印记。此外,岩浆房在地壳浅部经历了多期深部岩浆补给和富铁熔体贯入,同时带来热量和挥发分,触发晶粥体活化,促进了岩浆的上升运移。高寺台环状超镁铁质杂岩体具有板内成因特征,可能是陆内岩石圈伸展的产物。华北克拉通北部晚石炭世-早二叠世三个岩浆事件峰期很好地对应着全球三次升温和CO_(2)回升事件,岩石圈伸展能有效促进强烈的中酸性岩浆活动及起源于碳酸盐化地幔的基性岩浆释放出大量的CO_(2),它们可能是晚石炭末期-早二叠世早期全球大气CO_(2)回升的贡献者之一。 相似文献
8.
俯冲带弧岩浆分异是大陆地壳形成的主要过程,对研究大陆地壳的演化与生长机制具有重要意义。本文通过对中祁连弧地体西段盐池湾地区的哈马尔达坂杂岩体进行野外地质、地球化学、年代学和热力学模拟研究,来讨论弧岩浆分异过程。哈马尔达坂杂岩体主要存在两类岩石类型:镁铁质-超镁铁质堆晶岩(包括辉石角闪石岩、角闪辉长岩和角闪石岩)和闪长岩类(包括闪长岩、石英闪长岩)。锆石U-Pb定年结果显示辉石角闪石岩的形成时代为473±1Ma,与相邻高钾岛弧玄武岩的形成时代一致。哈马尔达坂杂岩体与高钾岛弧玄武岩具有相似的全岩Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成,(^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr)_(i)比值在0.7035~0.7053之间,ε_(Nd)(t)=+3.9~+5.1,ε_(Hf)(t)=+10.8~+13.1,表明它们来自同一岩浆源区。结合野外地质关系与岩石地球化学特征,推测该侵入杂岩体的原始熔体为相邻的高钾玄武质弧岩浆。岩石学和地球化学特征表明:闪长岩类是来源于受沉积物熔体交代的俯冲带地幔楔部分熔融形成的原始玄武质岩浆在中下地壳发生(以角闪石为主)结晶分异的产物;镁铁质-超镁铁质岩石具有堆晶结构,地球化学特征呈现富铁贫硅的特征,具有较高的MgO含量(6.19%~14.29%,Mg^(#)=52.3~74.6),代表原始玄武质岩浆分离结晶形成的堆晶体。热力学模拟计算与实验岩石学资料对比,进一步说明该杂岩体中的闪长岩是玄武质岩浆在中压(约0.7GPa)和氧逸度为NNO+1的条件下、发生50%~67%分离结晶的产物。闪长岩类与镁铁质-超镁铁质堆晶岩具有相似的矿物结晶顺序与全岩同位素组成,指示它们具有发生分离结晶作用的互补成分特征,分别代表了玄武质岩浆分离结晶后的衍生熔体和堆晶岩。因此,本文研究表明角闪石分异是弧岩浆分异的主要机制,它导致富SiO_(2)熔体的形成,推动岩浆成分向富硅的方向演变,从而产生新生的安山质地壳。 相似文献
9.
西南天山哈拉达拉岩体的锆石SHRIMP年代学及地球化学研究 总被引：15，自引：6，他引：9
西南天山哈拉达拉侵入体由橄长岩、橄榄辉长岩和辉长岩组成,橄长岩和橄榄辉长岩具有典型的堆晶结构,堆晶矿物以斜长石和橄榄石为主。辉石、角闪石和金云母主要为堆晶间隙矿物。辉长岩发育辉长—辉绿结构。结晶分异作用在岩浆演化过程中起重要作用。对从辉长岩中分选出来的锆石进行的SHRIMP年代学研究表明,辉长岩形成于308.3±1.8Ma （MSWD=0.86,n=15）。哈拉达拉岩体稀土元素配分模式与E-MORB相似,具有高Rb、Cs、Ba及Sr的特点,87Sr/86Sr初始比值0.7040~0.7050。这些特征表明,岩浆源区具有富集地幔的特征(古南天山洋俯冲流体交代形成了富集地幔)。根据平坦的稀土元素配分模式以及Gd、Sm、Nb、Zr等微量元素的地球化学行为判别,岩浆源区岩石为含角闪石的尖晶石二辉橄榄岩。批式熔融模拟计算显示,地幔岩10%~15%的部分熔融能够形成哈拉达拉岩体的母岩浆。母岩浆通过48%~50%的结晶分异作用则能够形成哈拉达拉岩体。早期结晶的橄榄石和斜长石通过堆晶作用形成橄长岩和橄榄辉长岩,剩余岩浆结晶形成辉长岩。 相似文献
10.
大兴安岭北段塔河辉长岩的岩石学特征及其构造意义 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：9
塔河辉长岩是大兴安岭北段塔河地区最具代表性的辉长岩体.该岩体主要由橄榄辉长岩、浅色橄榄辉长岩、淡色辉长岩(斜长岩)、橄长岩及辉长岩组成,以橄榄辉长岩和橄长岩为主.其主要造岩矿物由斜长石、橄榄石、单斜辉石及少量角闪石组成,具反应边结构和包含嵌晶结构.电子探针分析结果表明,其橄榄石Fo平均为77,属贵橄榄石.单斜辉石全部落入透辉石区.斜长石An平均为85,为倍长石.岩相学特征表明,该岩体为典型的堆晶辉长岩体.根据An-Fo及AlZ -TiO2 图解可以判别该岩体形成于活动大陆边缘/岛弧的构造环境中,属于I型弧堆晶辉长岩,其形成可能与古亚洲洋闭合过程中板块俯冲-流体交代作用有关,是研究古亚洲洋闭合历史的一个重要岩石学标志. 相似文献
11.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(12):1521-1540
The late Carboniferous Dongwanzi Complex in the northern North China Craton is composed of intrusive pyroxenite, hornblendite, gabbro, and syenite. The mafic-ultramafic rocks of the complex exhibit typical cumulate textures, curved-upward REE patterns, and variable contents of compatible elements, suggesting a cumulate origin. The syenite shows Sr-Nd isotopic ratios similar to the mafic-ultramafic complex and positive Eu anomalies in the chondrite-normalized REE patterns, suggesting that the syenite may represent residual melt after significant fractional crystallization of mafic melt. The mafic-ultramafic cumulates have low HREE abundance and high (Tb/Yb)N (2.5–4.2) and Dy/Yb ratios (>2), indicating that they may have originated from melting of garnet peridotite in the mantle. The Dongwanzi Complex is characterized by a large variation in Sr-Nd isotopic composition, with ISr = 0.7035 to 0.7052 and εNd(t) = ?4.0 to +5.2, which may be accounted for by mixing melts of depleted asthenospheric and enriched lithospheric sources. The radiogenic Os isotopic compositions of the complex ((187Os/188Os)i = 0.1344 to 0.3090) suggest slight contamination by mafic lower crust (≤2.5% based on Os isotopic modelling). The Dongwanzi Complex exhibits arc-related whole-rock and mineral geochemical affinities, such as enrichment in LILE (e.g. Sr, Ba, K) and depletion in HFSE (e.g. Nb, Ta, Ti). The abundance of hornblende and high CaO contents (22–24 wt.%) of clinopyroxene suggest that the source was rich in H2O, probably due to the formation above a subduction zone. We conclude that the Dongwanzi Complex and the related crust–mantle interactions probably reflect formation in a back-arc extensional environment related to the subduction of the Palaeo-Asian Ocean beneath the northern margin of the North China Craton in late Palaeozoic time. 相似文献
12.
L. I. Panina E. Yu. Rokosova A. T. Isakova A. V. Tolstov 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(7):651-669
Data obtained on lamprophyres from the carbonatite–volcanic unit in the lower horizon of the Tomtor Massif indicate that the rocks and zoned diopside and kaersutite phenocrysts in them are enriched in incompatible elements more significantly than is typical of alkaline ultramafic rocks of the Maymecha–Kotui and Kola provinces. The concentrations of these elements and their indicator ratios in the cores and intermediate zones of the diopside and kaersutite phenocrysts significantly vary, and this suggests that the minerals might have crystallized from different melts. This is consistent with the earlier conclusions, which were derived from studying melt inclusions, that the phenocrysts crystallized from mixing alkaline mafic melts of sodic and potassic types and different Mg–number which were enriched in the carbonatite component. The cores of the diopside phenocrysts started to crystallize from sodic mafic magma in a magmatic chamber, while the intermediate and outermost zones of this mineral crystallized from mixed sodic–potassic mafic melts. The carbonatite component was separated from the sodic mafic melt at high temperature (>1150°C) during diopside core crystallization. The bulk compositions of the alkaline lamprophyres and of the diopside and kaersutite phenocrysts contain lower normalized concentrations of HREE than LREE. This led us to conclude that the parental sodic and potassic mafic melts were derived from an enriched mantle source material under garnet–facies parameters, as is typical of continental rifts. It is noteworthy that the potassic mafic melt was derived at greater depths and lower degrees of melting of the mantle source than the sodic melt. The iron–rich sodic melt from which the cores of the diopside phenocrysts started to crystallize was enriched in V, REE, Y, and volatile components (H2O, CO2, F, Cl, and S). The onset of carbonate–silicate liquid immiscibility was marked by the redistribution of REE and Y into the carbonatite melt. The potassic, more Mg–rich mafic melt from which the intermediate and outermost zones of the diopside phenocrysts crystallized was enriched in Ti, Nb, Zr, and REE and always remained homogeneous when this mineral crystallized. 相似文献
13.
Irfan Temizel Mehmet Arslan Cem Yücel Emel Abdioğlu Yazar Abdullah Kaygusuz Zafer Aslan 《International Geology Review》2020,62(9):1131-1158
ABSTRACT Eocene intermediate to felsic plutons of different sizes and compositions are widespread in the Eastern Pontides Orogenic Belt in northern Turkey. Of these, the Ta?l?k Tepe pluton in the Havza (Samsun) area is fine-to-medium-grained, with granular, porphyritic, and micrographic textures, and include mafic microgranular enclaves (MMEs). LA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircon dating yielded emplacement ages of 42.9 (± 1.4) and 40.5 (± 1.3) Ma for the host granodioritic pluton and the dioritic MMEs, respectively. Petrochemically, the host pluton has I-type, high-K calc-alkaline, and metaluminous-to-slightly peraluminous features (A/CNK = 0.95–1.06). The host pluton also shows geochemical features of adakite-like rocks with high SiO2 (67–68 wt%) and Al2O3 (15.5–16.0 wt%) content and Ba/La (17–23), Sr/Y (40.7–61.6), and LaN/YbN (14.4–23.7) ratios and low Y (8.2–9.9 ppm) and YbN (3.1–4.4) contents. Whole-rock major and trace element variations suggest that fractional crystallisation played a significant role in the pluton evolution. The N-MORB normalised trace element patterns of the pluton are similar to those of MMEs with enrichment in large-ion lithophile elements, Th and Ce, and negative Nb and Ti anomalies. Chondrite-normalised rare earth element plots show moderate-to-highly enriched concave patterns (LaN/LuN = 14.2–21.6) with insignificant negative Eu anomalies (EuN/Eu* = 0.86–1.14), all of which imply hornblende fractionation during magmatic evolution. The pluton samples have 87Sr/86Sr ratios of 0.704767 to 0.704927, 143Nd/144Nd ratios of 0.512767–0.512774, εNd values of (+2.52) – (+2.65), and δ18O values of 7.9–9.7‰. The isotopic compositions of the host pluton and MMEs are similar to I-type granitoids derived from mantle sources. The MMEs show incomplete magma mixing/mingling, representing small bodies of mafic parental magma. Combined with regional studies, these new data suggest that the parental magma of the studied adakite-like pluton was generated from the lithospheric mantle and then modified by fractional crystallisation and assimilation in a post-collisional setting. 相似文献
14.
双凤山基性侵入岩体位于松嫩-张广才岭地块南缘,其岩石组成主要为橄榄辉长岩.锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年显示该岩体形成于279±4 Ma.岩石矿物组成主要为橄榄石、单斜辉石、斜方辉石、高An值（80.1~87.9）斜长石以及以反应边形式存在的角闪石,矿物学特征指示其母岩浆为经历过充分流体交代的富水岩浆.全岩主微量元素组成揭示其源区物质组成为石榴子石二辉橄榄岩,部分熔融程度约20%,岩浆演化过程中经历了斜长石堆晶作用以及斜方辉石的结晶分异作用.全岩Sr-Nd同位素及锆石Hf同位素研究显示其（87Sr/86Sr）i=0.705 2~0.706 1,并具有正的εNd（t）值（0.9~1.3）和εHf（t）值（0~10.2）,表明其来源于亏损的地幔源区,并且岩浆上升过程中没有经历明显的地壳混染.微量元素和同位素特征综合反映岩浆源区经历了古亚洲洋俯冲沉积物熔体和流体交代作用的改造,但起主导作用的是流体.其地球化学特征总体显示MORB以及弧型玄武岩过渡的特征,暗示其形成于弧后伸展环境.研究区基性侵入岩地幔源区的不均一性主要受到古亚洲洋多期次俯冲作用析出熔/流体对上覆地幔楔不同程度的改造. 相似文献
15.
The Mlindi ring complex in southern Malawi, dated at 495 Ma, is intrusive in the Proterozoic migmatite basement composed mainly of hornblende- and biotite-bearing paragneiss and dolomitic marble. Three main lithologic facies have been distinguished: (1) syenite, which crops out in the outer part of the complex as an oval-shaped ring dike (7 km×9 km) and as a rim of massive bodies cutting the mafic rocks of the central part, (2) two types of diopside-biotite gabbro (syenogabbro and gabbronorite), and (3) a banded phlogopite pyroxenite cumulate intruded by the diopside-biotite gabbro. Major- and trace-element geochemistry shows these rocks to form a continuous suite from pyroxenite to syenite with two potassium trends: a highpotassium trend comprising pyroxenite and syenogabbro in which ultrapotassic rocks (K2O/Na2O > 3) are developed, and a low-potassium trend with gabbronorite and sodic syenite. The major-element geochemistry of the phlogopite pyroxenite is similar to that of the kamafugitic series volcanic rocks containing micaceous pyroxenite inclusions. The pyroxenite is poorer in compatible elements (e.g. Ni=100–200 ppm, Cr=40–1200 ppm, Cu=5–200 ppm and Co=50 ppm) than other mafic cumulates or lamproite and lamprophyre, which suggests that the Mlindi rocks crystallized from an already differentiated magma. On the other hand, the pyroxenite has a very high content of incompatible elements (e.g. Th or REE) due to abundant apatite; consequently their REE patterns are commonly similar to that of apatite. The A12O3 (2%) and TiO2 (<0.4%) contents of diopside are very low, whereas the biotite (or phlogopite) is rich in TiO2 (3–4%). Compositional changes, especially Fe-Mg substitution, in these minerals were small during differentiation. 相似文献
16.
甘肃北山红柳沟基性-超基性岩体位于塔里木板块北缘北山裂谷带, 岩体侵位于敦煌岩群,主要岩石类型有辉长岩、橄榄辉长岩、橄榄苏长辉长岩、橄榄角闪苏长岩、橄榄辉长苏长岩、二辉橄榄岩、橄榄辉石岩和辉石岩等。橄榄石Fo介于66.97%~82.92%之间,属贵橄榄石,斜方辉石En成分范围为68.49~77.65,属古铜辉石;单斜辉石En成分范围为45.85~48.81,主要为斜顽辉石和透辉石;斜长石An为58.70~72.69,以拉长石为主;角闪石以普通角闪石为主。岩体母岩浆Mg#值为0.59~0.62,属于高镁拉斑玄武质岩浆,岩浆演化过程中主要发生了橄榄石、斜方辉石、单斜辉石和斜长石的分离结晶作用,主要分离结晶矿物受单斜辉石和斜方辉石的控制,岩浆上升侵位过程中遭受到下地壳物质混染。从构造环境、母岩浆、岩体类型、岩浆分异程度、同化混染等方面综合分析认为红柳沟岩体具有形成铜镍硫化物矿床的较大潜力。 相似文献
17.
Sheila J. Seaman Helle Gylling John P. Hogan Frank Karner G. Christopher Koteas 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2011,162(6):1291-1314
The Tunk Lake pluton of coastal Maine, USA is a concentrically zoned granitic body that grades from an outer hypersolvus granite
into subsolvus rapakivi granite, and then into subsolvus non-rapakivi granite, with gradational contacts between these zones.
The pluton is partially surrounded by a zone of basaltic and gabbroic enclaves, interpreted as quenched magmatic droplets
and mushes, respectively, as well as gabbroic xenoliths, all hosted by high-silica granite. The granite is zoned in terms
of mineral assemblage, mineral composition, zircon crystallization temperature, and major and trace element concentration,
from the present-day rim (interpreted as being closer to the base of the chamber) to the core (interpreted as being closer
to the upper portions of the chamber). The ferromagnesian mineral assemblage systematically changes from augite and hornblende
with augite cores in the outermost hypersolvus granite to hornblende, to hornblende and biotite, and finally, to biotite only
in the subsolvus granite core of the pluton. Sparse fine-grained basaltic enclaves that are most common in the outermost zone
of the pluton suggest that basaltic magma was present in the lower portions of the magma chamber at the same time that the
upper portions of the magma chamber were occupied by a granitic crystal mush. However, the slight variations in initial Nd
isotopic ratio in granites from different zones of the pluton suggest that contamination of the granitic melt by basaltic
melt played little role in generating the compositional gradation of the pluton. The zone of basaltic and gabbroic chilled
magmatic enclaves, and gabbroic xenoliths, hosted by high-silica granite, that partially surround the pluton is interpreted
as mafic layers at the base of the pluton that were disrupted by invading late-stage high-silica magma. These mafic layers
are likely to have consisted of basaltic lava layers and basalt that chilled against granitic magma to produce coarse-grained
gabbroic mush. Basaltic and gabbroic magmatic enclaves and gabbroic xenoliths are hornblende-bearing, suggesting that their
parent melts were relatively hydrous. The water-rich nature of the underplating mafic magmas may have prevented extensive
invasion of the granitic magma by these magmas, owing to the much greater viscosity of the granitic magma than the mafic magmas
in the temperature range over which magma interaction could have occurred. 相似文献
18.
Mafic and Felsic Magma Interaction in Granites: the Hercynian Karkonosze Pluton (Sudetes, Bohemian Massif) 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
The Hercynian, post-collisional Karkonosze pluton contains severallithologies: equigranular and porphyritic granites, hybrid quartzdiorites and granodiorites, microgranular magmatic enclaves,and composite and lamprophyre dykes. Field relationships, mineralogyand major- and trace-element geochemistry show that: (1) theequigranular granite is differentiated and evolved by smalldegrees of fractional crystallization and that it is free ofcontamination by mafic magma; (2) all other components are affectedby mixing. The end-members of the mixing process were a porphyriticgranite and a mafic lamprophyre. The degree of mixing variedwidely depending on both place and time. All of the processesinvolved are assessed quantitatively with the following conclusions.Most of the pluton was affected by mixing, implying that hugevolumes (>75 km3) of mafic magma were available. This maficmagma probably supplied the additional heat necessary to initiatecrustal melting; part of this heat could have also been releasedas latent heat of crystallization. Only a very small part ofthe Karkonosze granite escaped interaction with mafic magma,specifically the equigranular granite and a subordinate partof the porphyritic granite. Minerals from these facies are compositionallyhomogeneous and/or normally zoned, which, together with geochemicalmodelling, indicates that they evolved by small degrees of fractionalcrystallization (<20%). Accessory minerals played an importantrole during magmatic differentiation and, thus, the fractionalcrystallization history is better recorded by trace rather thanby major elements. The interactions between mafic and felsicmagmas reflect their viscosity contrast. With increasing viscositycontrast, the magmatic relationships change from homogeneous,hybrid quartz diorites–granodiorites, to rounded magmaticenclaves, to composite dykes and finally to dykes with chilledmargins. These relationships indicate that injection of maficmagma into the granite took place over the whole crystallizationhistory. Consequently, a long-lived mafic source coexisted togetherwith the granite magma. Mafic magmas were derived either directlyfrom the mantle or via one or more crustal storage reservoirs.Compatible element abundances (e.g. Ni) show that the maficmagmas that interacted with the granite were progressively poorerin Ni in the order hybrid quartz diorites—granodiorites—enclaves—compositedykes. This indicates that the felsic and mafic magmas evolvedindependently, which, in the case of the Karkonosze granite,favours a deep-seated magma chamber rather than a continuousflux from mantle. Two magma sources (mantle and crust) coexisted,and melted almost contemporaneously; the two reservoirs evolvedindependently by fractional crystallization. However, maficmagma was continuously being intruded into the crystallizinggranite, with more or less complete mixing. Several lines ofevidence (e.g. magmatic flux structures, incorporation of granitefeldspars into mafic magma, feldspar zoning with fluctuatingtrace element patterns reflecting rapid changes in magma composition)indicate that, during its emplacement and crystallization, thegranite body was affected by strong internal movements. Thesewould favour more complete and efficient mixing. The systematicspatial–temporal association of lamprophyres with crustalmagmas is interpreted as indicating that their mantle sourceis a fertile peridotite, possibly enriched (metasomatized) byearlier subduction processes. KEY WORDS: Bohemian Massif; fractional crystallization; geochemical modelling; hybridization; Karkonosze 相似文献
19.
Geochemistry, Nd Isotopic Characteristics of Metamorphic Complexes in Northern Hebei： Implications for Crustal Accretion 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
K. H. PARK 《《地质学报》英文版》2006,80(6):807-818
The middle segment of the northern margin of the North China Craton （NCC） consists mainly of metamorphosed Archean Dantazi Complex, Paleoproterozoic Hongqiyingzi Complex and unmetamorphosed gabbro-anorthosite-meta-alkaline granite, as well as metamorphosed Late Paleozoic mafic to granitoid rocks in the Damiao-Changshaoying area. The -2.49 Ga Dantazi Complex comprises dioritic-trondhjemitic-granodoritic-monzogranitic gneisses metamorphosed in amphibolite to granulite facies. Petrochemical characteristics reveal that most of the rocks belong to a medium- to high-potassium calc-alkaline series, and display Mg^# less than 40, right-declined REE patterns with no to obviously positive Eu anomalies, evidently negative Th, Nb, Ta and Ti anomalies in primitive mantlenormalized spider diagrams, εNd（t）=＋0.65 to -0.03, and depleted mantle model ages TDM=2.78-2.71 Ga. Study in petrogenesis indicates that the rocks were formed from magmatic mixing between mafic magma from the depleted mantle and granitoid magma from partial melting of recycled crustal mafic rocks in a continental margin setting. The 2.44-2.41 Ga Hongqiyingzi Complex is dominated by metamorphic mafic-granodioritic-monzogranitic gneisses, displaying similar petrochemical features to the Dantazi Complex, namely medium to high potassium calc-alkaline series, and the mafic rocks show evident change in LILEs, negative Th, Nb, Ta, Zr anomalies and positive P anomalies. And the other granitiod samples also exhibit negative Th, Nb, Ta, P and Ti anomalies. All rocks in the Hongqiyingzi Complex show right-declined REE patterns without Eu anomaly. The metamorphic mafic rocks with εNd（t） = -1.64 may not be an identical magmatic evolution series with granitoids that have εNd（t） values of ＋3.19 to ＋1.94 and TDM ages of 2.55-2.52 Ga. These granitic rocks originated from hybrid between mafic magma from the depleted mantle and magma from partial melting of juvenile crustal mafic rocks in an island arc setting. All the -311 Ma Late Paleozoic metamorphic mafic rocks and related granitic rocks show a medium-potassium calc-alkaline magmatic evolution series, characterized by high Mg^#, obviously negative Th, Nb, Ta anomalies and positive Sr anomalies, from no to strongly negative Ti anomalies and flat REE patterns with εNd（t） = ＋8.42, implying that the maflc magma was derived from the depleted mantle. However the other granitic rocks are characterized by right-declined REE patterns with no to evidently positive Eu anomalies, significantly low εNd（t） = -13.37 to -14.04, and TDM=1.97-1.96 Ga, revealing that the granitoid magma was derived from hybrid between maflc magma that came from -311 Ma depleted mantle and granitoid magma from Archean to Early Paleoproterozoic ancient crustal recycling. The geochemistry and Nd isotopic characteristics as well as the above geological and geochronological results indicate that the middle segment of the northern margin of the NCC mainly experienced four crustal growth episodes from Archean to Late Paleozoic, which were dominated by three continental marginal arc accretions （-2.49, -2.44 and 311 Ma）, except the 1.76-1.68 Ga episode related to post-collisional extension, revealing that the crustal accretion of this segment was chiefly generated from arc accretion and amalgamation to the NCC continental block. 相似文献
20.
牛鼻子梁镁铁质-超镁铁质杂岩体岩石特征 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
牛鼻子梁岩体位于柴达木地块的北缘,出露面积约8 km2,平面形态呈长条状,主要由斜长二辉橄榄岩、斜长单辉橄榄岩、角闪二辉橄榄岩、角闪橄榄岩、角闪橄榄二辉岩、黑云母化二辉岩、角闪辉石岩、橄榄辉石角闪石岩、角闪橄榄辉长岩、细粒辉长岩、似斑状辉长岩、暗色辉长岩、辉长岩、淡色辉长岩、石英闪长岩和英云闪长岩组成。文章通过岩石学、矿物学、地球化学研究,得到锆石U-Pb年龄为（361.5±1.2） Ma,Sm-Nd等时线年龄为（347±26） Ma。研究认为,牛鼻子梁基性-超基性岩体含矿岩石产于大陆边缘环境。岩体形成于泥盆纪晚期。岩浆分异充分,岩石类型丰富,岩浆演化过程中主要发生了橄榄石和斜长石的分离结晶/堆晶作用。岩体的母岩浆应属于拉斑玄武岩质岩浆。从目前发现的矿化情况来看,牛鼻子梁基性-超基性杂岩体为含矿岩体,有很好的找矿前景。 相似文献