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1.
中国国家地质公园空间可达性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对国家地质公园空间可达性进行分析,可为其空间布局优化与旅游开发提供理论依据。本研究采用Arc GIS空间分析方法,在分析中国国家地质公园空间分布特征的基础上,对国家地质公园的空间可达性进行了研究,结果显示:中国国家地质公园总体呈集聚分布,呈现出显著的省际分布不均衡特征;国家地质公园的距离可达性和时间可达性优良,84. 80%的国家地质公园在距离地级行政中心100 km的范围内,平均可达时间为67. 33 min,可达时间在60 min内的国家地质公园占总数的65. 72%;在基于县域单元的国家地质公园整体可达性上,以黑河—腾冲线为界,呈现"反自然梯度"的分布格局,东部和中部地区远高于东北和西部地区,且东部与中部内部差异小、东北与西部地区内部差异大。国家地质公园空间可达性与空间分布呈显著正相关,区域社会经济发展水平对国家地质公园空间可达性有重要的影响。 相似文献
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中国国家地质公园空间结构与若干地理因素的关系 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
到目前为止，中国已建立了85处国家地质公园。最邻近点指数判别表明：国家地质公园在空间分布上属于凝聚型，受中国大地构造控制，形成了东部沿海带、武夷山带、太行山一巫山一雪峰山带、环青藏高原带、秦岭带、南岭带6个集聚带。进一步分析国家地质公园与区域经济水平没有明显的耦合关系，但与城市发展水平的空间耦合关系明显。说明国家地质公园的建立不仅依赖于地质遗迹资源，而且还与周边区域的城市发展水平有关。由于我国广大中西部地区地质遗迹资源丰富，因此随着这些区域城市发展水平的不断提高，在广大中西部地区建立更多的国家地质公园对大西部开发和中部经济崛起具有重要的战略意义。 相似文献
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基于空间变差函数的长江三角洲经济发展差异演变研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
以长江三角洲为例,运用空间变差函数分析了1978年、1988年、1998年和2008年4个时间断面的发展差异演化。研究发现:①长江三角洲经济发展空间关联效应的作用范围在不断地扩大,长江三角洲地区的经济发展受上海的辐射作用不断地增强;②经济发展的空间自组织性越来越强,空间经济分布差异明显;③在全方向上的均质程度越来越低,更多的差异体现在中观、宏观尺度,而微观尺度上空间差异变的越来越不明显;④东南—西北方向差异最大,东西方向的经济发展相对均衡。将长江三角洲发展差异演化因素归结为3个方面:历史基础、经济区位和区域发展政策。历史基础、经济区位是区域经济格局演化的内在因素,而区域发展政策则是区域经济格局演化的外在推力。 相似文献
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大都市是区域发展的引擎,大都市产业布局是相关研究的重点领域。随着城市化发展,大都市区正在通过多种方式进行更新,从而促使都市空间和产业格局不断优化。通过近二十年来上海市餐饮业空间数据分析,研究城市更新背景下大都市区餐饮业空间格局演化特征,分析影响因素,揭示影响关系。① 近二十年来,餐饮业总体分布格局由“一轴双核两片多点集中”的初始形态,逐步演化为“三核四轴四片多点集聚”的现状格局,餐饮业分布逐渐从“内环-中环-外环”向外扩散,呈现多方向多轴线、区轴连面的演化趋势。② 不同类型餐饮业分布与演化特征差异明显,地方菜以老城区布局为主,并向商业街区、金贸区、大学城等区域集聚演化明显;国际餐饮围绕历史租界街区布局,并向城市副中心、旅游吸引物区域集聚演化;休闲餐饮趋于城市公园、景区景点和科教中心周边集中分布。③ 餐饮业整体呈现“中度集聚-中高集聚-高高集聚”的集聚演化特征,休闲餐饮、国际餐饮的集聚演化更加显著;地理空间上餐饮业由市中心向城市东西向演化明显。④ 人口密度、经济发展、交通条件以及旅游格局是影响餐饮业空间格局形成与演化的基础性因素;城市更新引发的公共服务与旅游空间变迁,是不同类型餐饮业格局演化的主导性因素。⑤ 城市更新改变了都市区发展肌理,促进了区域空间的结构性变化,推动了发展要素与环境变迁,不同类型餐饮业依据市场定位与选址偏好,在地理空间上随之快速响应,推动了大都市餐饮业分布格局演化与更替。鉴于餐饮业对城市旅游产业的重要支撑作用,研究可为大都市旅游空间格局优化以及城市旅游可持续发展提供理论和实践指导。 相似文献
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通过收集淘宝网络店铺中的中国年画店铺基本信息,基于地级市空间统计单元,运用探索性空间数据分析理论中的全局自相关、局部自相关和热区分析等方法,对中国年画网络店铺区位的演化特征进行定量分析与挖掘。研究结果表明：1）中国年画网络店铺的区位演化整体上具有显著的空间自相关性,空间聚集特征明显;2）店铺区位局部差异明显,京、津、冀、鲁等省市构成了店铺区位选择的区域中心,并对周边城市产生辐射;3）店铺区位选择的热区从呈斑块状、阶梯状地域分布,逐渐演化为京、津、冀、鲁等稳定连片热区;4）总结了影响年画网络店铺区位选择的3个主要因素：区域经济因素、传统文化因素和消费者个性化需求因素。 相似文献
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中国对外贸易产品空间路径演化 总被引：30，自引：11，他引：19
地区经济发展与其生产结构紧密相联。演化经济地理学认为,地区生产结构的演化受技术关联的影响,是一个路径依赖过程;一些研究也认为产业和区域政策等因素可能创造新路径,实现路径突破。本文沿用Hidalgo等定义的贸易产品空间方法,基于2001-2013年中国31个省区市的产品贸易数据,对中国出口产品空间（Product Space）的演化路径进行探讨。结果发现：中国四大区域—东部、中部、西部和东北地区的出口产品经历了较为明显的结构转型,不同区域的转型方向与路径各异。在2001-2007年间,四大区域的出口产品空间演化受到技术关联的显著影响,体现为路径依赖的过程。在2008-2013年间,东部、中部与东北地区的产品空间演化仍受技术关联的影响,而西部地区则更多受到产业和区域政策的推动,体现了路径突破的演化过程。本文研究启示,虽然中国区域生产结构演化一定程度上受制于现有区域能力、技术和知识积累,但是区域性制度政策创新可以突破原有路径,为区域发展创造新的机会。 相似文献
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基于扩展引力模型和演化经济地理理论,利用2002-2011年中国海关数据库,采用核密度分布和计量经济模型等方法,考察中国城市出口市场的空间演化路径及其微观机制。基于共存分析方法测算的国家间市场相似度在方法上有所创新,将演化经济地理研究中的“路径”成功量化。全国样本的研究结果表明：城市和企业两个层面的演化路径证明了扩展引力模型的基本结论,说明与过去出口市场相似度越高的国家,被城市和企业扩展为新市场的概率越大,证实了中国出口市场的空间演化是遵循路径依赖的。此外,还发现城市与企业之间的协同演化过程：东部城市表现出路径突破,而企业层面的能力可能是城市路径突破的重要来源;同时,城市层面的知识溢出对企业市场演化有显著的正向影响。总之,城市与企业之间相互影响、协同演化是中国出口市场空间演化的重要机制。 相似文献
9.
浙江省区域创新产出空间分异特征及成因 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
通过构建总体差异测度指数,并结合运用核密度估计等多种空间统计方法,分析浙江省区域创新产出的空间分异特征及其影响因素,结果表明：2006-2012年,浙江省区域创新产出总体存在较大差异,并呈现波动式上升趋势;浙江省区域创新产出分异增强,空间核密度呈现出由相对均匀到极化的演化趋势;浙江省区域创新产出整体上呈现高值和低值集聚分布,且集聚程度逐渐增强;各县域创新产出同样具有空间集聚性,杭州与宁波市辖区成为热点区域;空间指向性明显,整体表现出“东高西低、北高南低”的空间趋势面分布;由回归分析得出该时期浙江省区域创新产出空间分异主要受经济基础、政策制度、技术溢出和空间区位四个主要因素的影响。 相似文献
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《地域研究与开发》2015,(5)
中国信息化的快速发展,尤其是移动信息技术的使用,对传统地理空间产生了剧烈的冲击。以信息赖以扩散的基础设施——3G基站为例,分析了国家及区域层面的3G基站分布格局,探究中国移动信息基础设施的空间发展特征。首先,从国家的空间尺度上进行分析,发现3G基站在全国范围内呈现出空间不均衡的分布状态;通过构建城市移动信息基础设施发展状况的评价指标体系,进一步对选取的48个样本城市进行分类和归纳,总结其地理空间差异及发展特征。其次,从区域的空间尺度上发现长三角地区的3G基站建设规模有所拉大,逐步与各城市的其他指标相匹配。最后,从经济、技术、原有建设基础等方面对该现象的形成机制作了简要探讨。 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》1988,40(4):471-499
Books reviewed in this article: USA, Eine Geographische Landeskunde , Vol. I, Der Grossraum in Strukturellem, Wandel, 3rd Ed. Helmut Blume . Introduction to Remote Sensing . James B. Campbell . The Sounds of People and Places: Readings in the Geography of American Folk and Popular Music . George O. Carney , ED. Development and Underdevelopment . John Cole . Mobility and Employment in Urban Southeast Asia: Example from Indonesia and the Philippines . Michael A. Costello , Thomas R. Leinbach , AND Richard Ulack . Soviet Asia: Economic Development and National Policy Choices . Leslie Dienes . The Third World City . David Drakakis -Smith . Scholars' Guide to Washington, DC for Cartography and Remote Sensing Imagery (maps, charts, aerial photographs, satellite images, cartographic literature and geographic information systems). Ralph E. Ehrenberg . Population and Development in the Third World . Allan AND Anne Findlay . The Early Mapping of Hawaii . Gary L. Fitzpatrick . Energetics of Physical Environment: Energetic Approaches to Physical Geography . K. J. Gregory , ED. Wildland Recreation: Ecology and Management . William E. Hammitt and David N. Cole . Agricultural Commercialization and Government Policy in Africa . J. Hinderink AND J. J. Sterkenburg . The Dynamics of American Housing . James W. Hughes AND George Sternlieb . Thailand: Buddhist Kingdom as Modern Nation State . Charles F. Keyes . Resolving Locational Conflict . Robert W. Lake , ED. Lands at Risk in the Third World: Local-level Perspectives . Peter D. Little and Michael M. Horowitz , EDS. Nathaniel Southgate Shaler and the Culture of American Science . David N. Livingstone . Regions: The Economics and Politics of Territory . Ann R. Markusen . Wetlands . William J. Mitsch and James G. Gosselink . Historical Geography: Progress and Prospect . Michael Pacione , ED. Loess and Periglacial Phenomena . Marton P$eacsi and Hugh M. French , EDS. Regional Management of Metropolitan Floodplains, Experience in the United States and Abroad . Rutherford H. Platt , ED. Human Cartography: Mapping the World of Man . Janos Szegö . Atlas of Great Lakes Indian History . Helen H. Tanner , ED. The Botany of Mangroves . P. B. Tomlinson . Urban Spatial Traffic Patterns . Rodney Vaughan . The Night After … Climatic and Biological Consequences of a Nuclear War . Yevgeni Velikhov , ED. Industrial Geography . H. D. Watts . Dictionary of Quotations in Geography . James O. Wheeler and Francis M. Sibley . Vermont Townscape . Norman Wiliams , Jr. , Edmund K. Kellogg and Peter M. Lavigne . 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》2013,65(4):488-489
Book Reviewed in this article: Main Street: Northeastern Oregon: The Founding and Development of Small Towns. Barbara Ruth Bailey. Food Politics: The Regional Conflict. David N. Balaam and Michael J. Carey, eds. The International Economy and Industrial Development: Trade and Investment in the Third World. R. Ballance, J. Ansari and H. Singer. Neighborhoods in Urban America. Ronald H. Bayor, ed. The English Heartland. By Robert Beckinsale and Monica Beckinsale. Regional Dimensions of Industrial Policy. Michael E. Bell and Paul S. Lande, eds. Tension Areas of the World. D. Gordon Bennett, ed. Latin America: an Introductory Survey. B. W. Blouet and O. M. Blouet, eds. Integration and Division: Geographical Perspectives on the Northern Ireland Problem. Frederick W. Boal and J. Neville H. Douglas, eds. Energy and Land Use. Robert W. Burchell and David Listokin, eds. Slopes and Weathering. Michael Clarke and John Small. Alaska's Rural Development. Peter G. Cornwall and Gerald McBeath, eds. The Politics of Park Design: A History of Urban Parks in America. Galen Cranz. World Congress on Land Policy, 1980, Proceedings. Matthew Cullen and Sharon Woolery, eds. Oregon Divided: A Regional Geography. Samuel N. Dicken and Emily F. Dicken. Urban Food Marketing and Third World Rural Development. T. Scarlett Epstein. South Africa: Spatial Frameworks for Development. T. J. D. Fair. Institutions and Geographical Patterns. Robin Flowerdew, ed. Industrialization of U.S. Agriculture, An Interpretive Atlas. Howard F. Gregor. Planning Theory: Prospects for the 1980s. Patsy Healy, Glen McDougall and Michael J. Thomas, eds. Neighborhood Mobilization: Redevelopment and Response. Jeffrey R. Henig. The American Urban System: A Geographical Perspective. R. J. Johnston. Climate, History and the Modern World. Hubert H. Lamb. Climate and History: Studies in Past Climates and Their Impact on Man. T. M. L. Wigley, M. J. Ingram and G. Farmer. China: Railways and Agricultural Development, 1875–1935. Ernest P. Liang. A Desirable Energy Future—A National Perspective. Robert S. Livingston, T. D. Anderson, T. M. Besmann, M. Olszewski, A. M. Perry, and C. D. West. Topothesia: Essays Presented to T. S. Ó Máille. B. S. Mac Aodha, ed. Transportation for the Poor: Research in Rural Mobility. Hal S. Maggied. Land Uses in American Cities. Harold M. Mayer and Charles R. Haves. Industrial Organisation and Location. Philip McDermott and Michael Taylor. Human Adaptability: an Introduction to Ecological Anthropology. Emilio F. Moran. Regional Analysis and the New International Division of Labor. Frank Moulaert and Patricia W. Salinas, eds. The Nuclear War Atlas. Victoriaville, Quebec, Canada: Urbanization and Environmental Quality. Isao Orishimo. The Garden of Eden: The Botanic Garden and the Re-Creation of Paradise. John Prest. Earthfire, The Eruption of Mount St. Helens. Charles Rosenfeld and Robert Cooke. Contest for the South China Sea. Marwyn S. Samuels. The Future of the Wetlands: Assessing Visual-Cultural Values. Richard C. Smardon, ed. Tucson: the Life and Times of An American City. C. L. Sonnichsen. The Geography of Multinationals. Michael Taylor and Nigel Thrift, eds. Impact of Marine Pollution on Society. Virginia Tippie and Dana Kester. Reviving the Industrial City: the Politics of Urban Renewal in Lyon and Birmingham. Jerry A. Webman. Andean Reflections: Letters from Carl O. Sauer While on a South American Trip under a Grant from the Rockefeller Foundation, 1942. Robert C. West, ed. Cartographic Drawing with Computers. P. Yoeli. 相似文献
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《The Professional geographer》1983,35(4):488-524
Book Reviewed in this article: Main Street: Northeastern Oregon: The Founding and Development of Small Towns . Barbara Ruth Bailey . Food Politics: The Regional Conflict . David N. Balaam and Michael J. Carey , eds. The International Economy and Industrial Development: Trade and Investment in the Third World . R. Ballance , J. Ansari and H. Singer . Neighborhoods in Urban America . Ronald H. Bayor , ed. The English Heartland . By Robert Beckinsale and Monica Beckinsale . Regional Dimensions of Industrial Policy . Michael E. Bell and Paul S. Lande , eds. Tension Areas of the World . D. Gordon Bennett , ed. Latin America: an Introductory Survey . B. W. Blouet and O. M. Blouet , eds. Integration and Division: Geographical Perspectives on the Northern Ireland Problem . Frederick W. Boal and J. Neville H. Douglas , eds. Energy and Land Use . Robert W. Burchell and David Listokin , eds. Slopes and Weathering . Michael Clarke and John Small . Alaska's Rural Development . Peter G. Cornwall and Gerald Mc Beath , eds. The Politics of Park Design: A History of Urban Parks in America . Galen Cranz . World Congress on Land Policy, 1980, Proceedings . Matthew Cullen and Sharon Woolery , eds. Oregon Divided: A Regional Geography . Samuel N. Dicken and Emily F. Dicken . Urban Food Marketing and Third World Rural Development . T. Scarlett Epstein . South Africa: Spatial Frameworks for Development . T. J. D. Fair . Institutions and Geographical Patterns . Robin Flowerdew , ed. Industrialization of U.S. Agriculture, An Interpretive Atlas . Howard F. Gregor . Planning Theory: Prospects for the 1980s . Patsy Healy , Glen Mc Dougall and Michael J. Thomas , eds. Neighborhood Mobilization: Redevelopment and Response . Jeffrey R. Henig . The American Urban System: A Geographical Perspective . R. J. Johnston . Climate, History and the Modern World . Hubert H. Lamb . Climate and History: Studies in Past Climates and Their Impact on Man . T. M. L. Wigley , M. J. Ingram and G. Farmer . China: Railways and Agricultural Development, 1875–1935 . Ernest P. Liang . A Desirable Energy Future—A National Perspective . Robert S. Livingston , T. D. Anderson , T. M. Besmann , M. Olszewski , A. M. Perry , and C. D. West . Topothesia: Essays Presented to T. S. Ó Máille . B. S. Mac Aodha , ed. Transportation for the Poor: Research in Rural Mobility . Hal S. Maggied . Land Uses in American Cities . Harold M. Mayer and Charles R. Haves . Industrial Organisation and Location . Philip Mc Dermott and Michael Taylor . Human Adaptability: an Introduction to Ecological Anthropology . Emilio F. Moran . Regional Analysis and the New International Division of Labor . Frank Moulaert and Patricia W. Salinas , eds. The Nuclear War Atlas. Victoriaville, Quebec, Canada : Urbanization and Environmental Quality . Isao Orishimo . The Garden of Eden: The Botanic Garden and the Re-Creation of Paradise . John Prest . Earthfire, The Eruption of Mount St. Helens . Charles Rosenfeld and Robert Cooke . Contest for the South China Sea . Marwyn S. Samuels . The Future of the Wetlands: Assessing Visual-Cultural Values . Richard C. Smardon , ed. Tucson: the Life and Times of An American City. C. L. Sonnichsen . The Geography of Multinationals . Michael Taylor and Nigel Thrift , eds. Impact of Marine Pollution on Society . Virginia Tippie and Dana Kester . Reviving the Industrial City: the Politics of Urban Renewal in Lyon and Birmingham . Jerry A. Webman . Andean Reflections: Letters from Carl O. Sauer While on a South American Trip under a Grant from the Rockefeller Foundation, 1942 . Robert C. West , ed. Cartographic Drawing with Computers . P. Yoeli . 相似文献
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《寒旱区科学》2014,(4):I0001-I0001
Permafrost engineering has been developing rapidly in recent years. Many projects have been undertaken with the latest technologies and show their importance in supporting regional social and economical development. For example, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway has been a milestone project in permafrost engineering. However, when designing and building infrastructures in cold regions, 相似文献
17.
HAYASHI Hiroaki 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2014,5(4):395-397
<正>1 Characteristics of Kunisaki GIAS and aims of this research Kunisaki GIAHS in the Kunisaki peninsula and Usa area,Oita,Japan,is a system where forestry,agricultural production,and fisheries are sustained by the strong connection between Sawtooth Oak forest,multiple interlinked irriga tion ponds,and Seto Inland Sea(Vafadari 2013a;2013b;Hayashi 2013).This area receive around 1,500 mm of annual precipitation with a 相似文献
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P. Guilizzoni A. Marchetto A. Lami N. G. Cameron P. G. Appleby N. L. Rose Ø. A. Schnell C. A. Belis A. Giorgis L. Guzzi 《Journal of Paleolimnology》1996,15(3):245-264
A palaeoecological study of an oligotrophic alpine lake, Paione Superiore (Italy), provided a record of historical changes in water quality. Historical trends in lake acidification were reconstructed by means of calibration and regression equations from diatoms, chrysophycean scales and pigment ratios. The historical pH was inferred by using two different diatom calibration data sets, one specific to the alpine region. These pH trends, together with the record of sedimentary carbonaceous particles and chironomid remains, indicate a recent acidification of this low alkalinity lake.Concentration of total organic matter, organic carbon, nitrogen, biogenic silica (BSiO2), chlorophyll derivatives (CD), fucoxanthin, diatom cell concentration and number of chironomid head capsules increased during the last 2–3 decades. When expressed as accumulation rates, most of these parameters tended to decrease from the past century to c. 1950, then all except P increased to the present day. A marked increase in sedimentary nitrogen may be related to atmospheric pollution and to the general increases in output of N in Europe. High C/N ratios indicate a prevailing allochthonous source of organic matter.Finally, the increase in measured air temperature from the mid-1800's appeared to be related to lake water pH before industrialization: cold periods generally led to lower pH and vice-versa. The more recent phenomenon of anthropogenic acidification has apparently decoupled this climatic-water chemistry relationship. 相似文献
19.
K. F. Walker I. G. Dunn D. Edwards T. Petr H. Z. Yang 《International Journal of Salt Lake Research》1995,4(3):169-222
Quinghai Hu is a large, high-altitude, saline lake in north-western China, and supports a fishery based on an endemic species of naked carp (snow trout). The fish take seven years to attain maturity and a marketable weight of 300 g, and have a lifespan of 14–21 years under the present fishery regime. They seasonally migrate from the lake to spawn over the gravel beds of inflowing rivers, but these areas have been reduced by weirs and irrigation diversions and recruitment may have declined. The population may have been affected also by a 1.85-m fall in the lake level over the past 30 years, and by associated changes in salinity. The fishery was opened to large-scale exploitation in 1958. Yields declined sharply (max. 28,523 tonnes, 1960) as the larger, older fish were removed, and then more slowly (min. 2523 tonnes, 1983). Since 1987 the fish factory has been limited to an annual quota of 1200 tonnes, taken by a fleet of four pair trawlers. Another 800 tonnes are taken by licensed fishermen, mainly using gill nets, and perhaps 1000 tonnes are taken illegally. The estimated total catch in 1992 was 3000 tonnes. New trawlers introduced in 1989–90 substantially increased the factory's catch per unit effort, and in 1990 the quota was virtually filled in one month in a zone within 20 km of the factory. Although this could suggest that the stocks will be conserved if the quota is retained, at least half of the catch in 1989–92 consisted of immature individuals. Trawling operations recently were suspended following a further decline in the catch after 1992. While the new trawlers are capable of a major increase in effort, neither the changing environment, the fish stocks or the present markets favour intensified pressure. Gillnets may provide better control over the minimum size limit and may cause less damage than trawling. Other options to improve the viability and profitability of the fishery include improvements in handling, processing and marketing. Failure to develop the fishery may encourage attempts to introduce exotic fish, at some risk to survival of the local species. 相似文献