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1.
目的 通过研究烟草烟雾暴露对哮喘大鼠气道组蛋白去乙酰化酶（histone deacetylase,HDAC）2以及血浆、支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）中干扰素（interferon,IFN）-γ、白细胞介素（interleukin,IL）-4表达的影响,探讨HDAC2在辅助性T淋巴细胞（T helper cell）Th1/Th2平衡中的作用。方法 50只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组、哮喘组、烟雾暴露+哮喘组、布地奈德+哮喘组、布地奈德+烟雾暴露+哮喘组,建立哮喘大鼠模型、哮喘大鼠烟雾暴露模型以及布地奈德干预模型。免疫组织化学法检测各组大鼠气道HDAC2蛋白的表达,酶联免疫吸附试验法（ELISA）检测血浆和BALF中Th1型特征性细胞因子IFN-γ以及Th2型特征性细胞因子IL-4水平。结果 与对照组相比,烟雾暴露+哮喘组、哮喘组大鼠气道HDAC2蛋白表达降低,与哮喘组相比,烟雾暴露+哮喘组大鼠气道HDAC2蛋白表达降低,差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.05）。与布地奈德+哮喘组相比,布地奈德+烟雾暴露+哮喘组大鼠气道HDAC2蛋白表达降低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;与对照组相比,哮喘组大鼠和烟雾暴露+哮喘组大鼠血浆、BALF中IFN-γ表达减少,IL-4表达增加,差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.01）;与哮喘组相比,烟雾暴露+哮喘组大鼠血浆、BALF中IFN-γ表达减少,IL-4表达增加,差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.01）;与布地奈德+哮喘组相比,布地奈德+烟雾暴露+哮喘组大鼠血浆、BALF中IFN-γ表达减少,IL-4表达增加,差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.01）;肺组织HDAC2蛋白的表达与血浆中IFN-γ表达呈正相关（r=0.533,P<0.01）,与IL-4表达呈负相关（r=-0.642,P<0.01）。结论 烟草烟雾暴露可以下调哮喘大鼠模型肺组织HDAC2蛋白的表达,从而影响气道炎症,IFN-γ、IL-4的表达以及布地奈德的治疗效果,这可能是烟草烟雾恶化哮喘气道Th 1/Th2平衡的一个免疫学机制。 相似文献
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目的 研究重组胎盘生长因子（recombinant placental growth factor,rPlGF）对大鼠急性心肌梗死后心肌细胞凋亡的影响并探讨其可能的作用机制。方法 采用结扎冠状动脉的方法建立大鼠急性心肌梗死模型,取40只模型大鼠随机分为模型组和rPlGF治疗组,并设假手术组,尾静脉注射给药。4周后,通过高频率超生影像系统检测舒张末期左心室内径（LVIDd）和收缩末期左心室内径（LVIDs）、短轴缩短率（FS）、射血分数（EF）、每搏排出量（SV）;TTC染色法计算心肌梗死面积,TUNEL法观察心肌细胞凋亡状况,RT-PCR法测定心肌组织bcl-2 mRNA、Bax mRNA表达,Western blot法测定心肌组织caspase-3、NF-κB蛋白表达;比色法测定心肌组织中抗氧化酶活性和丙二醛（MDA）含量。结果 与模型组比较发现经rPlGF 治疗能够显著降低急性心肌梗死大鼠LVIDd和LVIDs,提高FS、EF和SV;降低心肌组织梗死面积,显著降低心肌细胞凋亡指数（apoptosis index,AI）、明显改善心肌细胞凋亡状况,上调bcl-2 mRNA表达并下调Bax mRNA表达、显著提高bcl-2/Bax比值,显著降低caspase-3、NF-κB蛋白表达量,显著提高抗氧化酶（SOD、CAT）活性并显著降低MDA含量,差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05,P<0.01）。结论 rPlGF具有抑制大鼠急性心肌梗死后细胞凋亡的作用,其机制可能与rPlGF改善心功能、调节凋亡相关基因蛋白表达以及抑制氧化应激损伤有关。 相似文献
3.
目的 探讨甲状腺激素受体β1（thyroid hormone receptor β1,TRβ1）、β-链蛋白（β-catenin）及细胞周期蛋白A2（Cyclin A2）在甲状腺乳头状癌（thyroid papillary carcinoma,TPC）组织中的表达及意义。方法 应用免疫组化（SP）法分别检测30例正常甲状腺组织、30例结节性甲状腺肿伴乳头状增生（nodular goiter with papillary hyperplasia,NGWPH）及116例TPC组织中TRβ1、β-catenin及Cyclin A2的表达,同时检测肿瘤淋巴管密度（lymphtic vessel density,LVD）,分析它们与临床病理指标的关系。结果 与正常甲状腺组织和NGWPH组织比较,TPC组织中TRβ1的表达阳性率降低,β-catenin在细胞膜表达显著减弱,而胞质表达明显增强,Cyclin A2的表达阳性率升高,差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。相关性分析结果显示,TRβ1与β-catenin和Cyclin A2的表达呈负相关（r=-0.656和-0.525,均P<0.01）,β-catenin和Cyclin A2呈正相关（r=0.384,P<0.01）;淋巴结转移组的LVD显著高于无淋巴结转移组（P<0.05）;TRβ1低表达、β-catenin胞质异常表达及Cyclin A2过表达与TPC包膜外侵、LVD及淋巴结转移有关（P<0.05）,而与患者年龄、性别、组织类型、肿瘤直径、是否为多病灶无相关性（P>0.05）。结论 TRβ1通过使β-catenin在细胞内大量蓄积,继而诱导下游靶基因Cyclin A2表达途径参与TPC的发生和进展。 相似文献
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目的 初步探讨P16INK4A联合HPV L1壳蛋白检测在宫颈鳞状上皮内病变诊断中的应用价值。方法 选择在温州市人民医院就诊患者,收集69例宫颈鳞状上皮内病变标本,行P16INK4A、HPV L1壳蛋白检测,分析P16INK4A、HPV L1壳蛋白及P16INK4A联合HPV L1壳蛋白在各级宫颈病变中的表达差异。结果 P16INK4A在LSIL组、HSIL组、SCC组中的阳性率分别为45.5%、85.2%、100.0%。同LSIL组比较,P16INK4A在HSIL组及SCC组阳性率明显升高（P<0.01）。HPV L1壳蛋白在LSIL组、HSIL组、SCC组中的阳性率分别为63.6%、18.5%、0%,HPV L1壳蛋白在LSIL组中阳性率明显低于HSIL组及SCC组（P<0.01）。随着宫颈病变加重,P16+/L1-阳性率有升高趋势（P<0.01）,P16-/L1+阳性率有下降趋势（P<0.01）。LSIL组中P16+/L1-阳性率明显低于HSIL组和SCC组（P<0.01）,SCC组P16+/L1-阳性率较HSIL组有明显提高（P<0.05）。LSIL组中P16-/L1+阳性率明显低于HSIL组和SCC组（P<0.01）。P16+/L1-较P16INK4、HPV L1壳蛋白单一检测筛查HSIL+特异性明显升高（P<0.01）。结论 P16INK4A联合HPV L1壳蛋白有望成为诊断宫颈鳞状上皮内病变的有效指标。 相似文献
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目的 探讨硫化氢（hydrogen sulfide,H2S）与糖尿病肾病（diabetic nephropathy,DN）大鼠肾细胞外基质过度积聚的关系。方法 21只SD大鼠随机分成正常对照组（对照组）、糖尿病肾病组（DN组）、硫化氢干预组（DN+H2S组）。链脲佐菌素（STZ）法建立糖尿病大鼠模型,DN+H2S组给予NaHS治疗8周,其他组给予同等剂量的0.9%生理盐水治疗。观察3组大鼠肾脏病理改变、BrdU阳性细胞和α平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-smooth muscle actin,α-SMA）分布差异。结果 与对照组比较,DN组大鼠尿蛋白量、相对肾重均明显增多,病理呈典型的DN改变,BrdU阳性细胞比值、肾小球α-SMA表达和分布显著增多（P<0.01）;应用NaHS治疗后,大鼠肾脏DN改变明显减轻（P<0.01）,BrdU阳性细胞比值、肾小球α-SMA表达和分布与正常对照组比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 H2S可以抑制DN大鼠肌性成纤维细胞增殖,减少α-SMA表达和分布,减缓DN大鼠的肾小球细胞外基质积聚。 相似文献
6.
目的 探讨SSR在心肌重构过程中的表达改变。方法 采用冠状动脉左前降支结扎术建立小鼠心肌梗死后的心肌重构模型、异丙肾上腺素（ISO）皮下注射2周建立小鼠急性心脏损伤模型;胸主动脉结扎术（aortic banding,AB）建立小鼠心肌肥厚的模型。采用RT-PCR检测各种心肌重构模型中SSR转录水平的改变。结果 SSR亚单位1（SSR1）和3（SSR3）在小鼠心肌梗死（miocardial infarction,MI）术后2周表达明显降低（P<0.05）;在ISO诱导的急性心脏损伤后2周表达降低（P<0.05）;在AB术后1周表达降低（P<0.05）。然而SSR1和SSR3的表达在AB术后2周开始增高（P<0.05）,持续到AB术后8周（P<0.05）。结论 SSR1和SSR3的表达在不同模型的心肌重构中均发生明显改变,且呈现动态变化,提示其可能参与心肌重构的发生、发展。 相似文献
7.
目的 探讨肥胖患者上气道结构的多层螺旋CT（MSCT）形态学改变,以揭示肥胖患者上气道结构异常及其与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（OSAHS）病情严重程度的关系。方法 选择经多导睡眠监测（PSG）确诊的非OSAHS和OSAHS肥胖患者各25例,对所有入组患者进行额窦层面至第7颈椎水平多层螺旋CT扫描及三维重建,测量鼻咽、腭咽、口咽和喉咽的最小截面积及其周围组织并进行比较。并且分析4个平面测量指标与体重指数（BMI）、颈围、睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）等指标的相关性。结果 与非OSAHS组患者比较,OSAHS组肥胖患者软腭的面积明显增大（P<0.05）,其体积增大更加明显（P<0.01）;口咽部气道的截面积、前后径、体积,均比非OSAHS组患者明显减小（P均<0.05）,并且软腭的体积均与BMI、AHI呈正相关（P均<0.01）。结论 MSCT能从二维及三维结构评估肥胖患者上气道阻塞及周围软组织情况,并且提示软腭体积增大可能与OSAHS严重程度相关。 相似文献
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目的 探讨高脂饮食大鼠肾脏3-羟基-3甲基戊二酰辅酶A合成酶2（HMGCS2）表达及可能调控机制。方法 断乳Wistar 雄性大鼠27只分为3组：正常对照组（CON）、高脂组（HFG）、绿茶多酚（green tea polyphenols,GTPs）组（G）。CON组大鼠喂养普通饲料,HFG组及GTPs组给予高脂饲料,GTPs组同时自由摄食绿茶多酚浓度为1.6g/L水溶液。26周后测定空腹血糖（FPG）、血清胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）。免疫印迹法测定肾脏HMGCS2和Sirt3蛋白表达水平。结果 与CON组比较,HFG组大鼠体重和脂肪系数升高,血清FPG、TC、TG、LDL-C/HDLC均升高,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;与HFG组比较,GTPs降低大鼠体重和脂肪系数,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,GTPs组血清FPG、TC、TG、LDL-C/HDLC均不同程度降低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。与CON组比较,肾脏组织HMGCS2的表达降低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;与HFG组比较,GTPs组增加肾脏HMGCS2的表达,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。高脂饮食、正常饮食和GTPs干预后,大鼠肾脏组织Sirt3蛋白表达差异无统计学意义。结论 高脂饮食可降低肾脏组织HMGCS2表达,绿茶多酚可逆转此效应;高脂饮食及绿茶多酚对肾脏组织HMGCS2表达的调控不经Sirt3途径。 相似文献
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目的 评价甲强龙联合右美托咪定对体外循环（CPB）心脏瓣膜置换术患者脑认知功能的保护作用。方法 选择内蒙古医科大学附属医院CPB下行心脏瓣膜置换术患者60例,完全随机化分为4组（n=15）,分别为对照组（A组）、甲强龙组（M组）、右美托咪定组（D组）和甲强龙联合右美托咪定组（B组）,在麻醉诱导后气管插管,机械通气。M组在体外循环预冲液加入甲强龙20mg/kg,D组麻醉在诱导后静脉泵注右美托咪定1μg/kg负荷量,之后以0.05μg/（kg·h）速率静脉泵注至术毕,B组既麻醉诱导后静脉注射右美托咪定1μg/kg负荷量,然后以0.05μg/（kg·h）速率静脉输注至术毕又在体外循环预冲液加入甲强龙20mg/kg,A组给于等容量生理盐水。在麻醉后手术前（T1）、CPB即刻（T2）、CPB30min（T3）、CPB结束10min（T4）、术毕（T5）、CPB结束后6h（T6）时采集颈内静脉球部血样,使用酶联免疫吸附实验（ELISA）法测定血清IL-6、IL-10、S100β蛋白和神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）的浓度。记录术前1天术后2天、3天、7天采用简化智能评分量表（MMSE）评估患者认知功能。结果 M组、D组和B组在T1~6各个时间点IL-6、S100β蛋白和NSE均比对照组明显降低,IL-10均比对照组升高,差异有统计学差异（P<0.05）。B组在T1~6各个时间点IL-6、S100β蛋白和NSE均比其他组更低,IL-10均比其他组更高,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。M组、D组和B组术后发生认知功能障碍的发生率均高于对照组,B组发生认知功能障碍的发生率最低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 甲强龙和右美托嘧啶均可以有效降低体外循环中IL-6、S100β蛋白和NSE的浓度,降低脑损伤,减少术后认知功能障碍的发生率,联合应用甲强龙和右美托嘧啶对体外循环后脑损伤的保护效果更佳。 相似文献
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目的 探讨2型糖尿病（T2DM）、非酒精性脂肪肝（NAFLD）与血清胆碱酯酶（S-CHE）的关系。方法 随机选取221例T2DM患者,将患者分为T2DM合并NAFLD、未合并NAFLD两组。并随机选取同一时期体检的工人及退休人员206例,分为单纯NAFLD和正常对照组。所有被检者进行餐前和餐后2h血糖、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、肝肾功能、血脂、S-CHE的检测以及肝胆胰脾B超检查;对T2DM患者进行空腹C肽和餐后C肽的测定,并计算胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA2-IR）、胰岛素敏感度指数（HOMA2-%S）、胰岛β细胞功能（HOMA2-%B）。结果 DM合并NAFLD和单纯NAFLD组的S-CHE水平明显高于T2DM未合并NAFLD组和正常对照组（P均<0.01）;随着T2DM病程的延长,S-CHE、ALT、GGT、TG、TC、空腹C肽、餐后C肽的水平逐渐下降,年龄逐渐增高（P<0.05或P<0.01）;将T2DM患者分为A（S-CHE<8900IU/L）、B（S-CHE≥8900IU/L）两组,B组患者的BMI、脂肪肝百分比、ALT、AST、GGT、TG、TC、LDL-C、HOMA2-IR高于A组,HOMA2-%S低于A组（P<0.05或P<0.01）;Pearson偏相关分析显示,校正年龄、性别、病程、HbA1c、FBG、收缩压、舒张压后,S-CHE与HOMA2-IR、BMI、TG、TC、LDL-C、ALT、GGT水平呈正相关,与HOMA2-%S呈负相关（P<0.05或P<0.01）;多元线性回归分析显示,S-CHE与TC、HOMA2-IR、ALT水平呈正相关（R2=0.281,P均<0.01）。结论 S-CHE的水平在NAFLD患者明显增高,而未合并NAFLD的T2DM患者S-CHE的水平并无增高,S-CHE水平升高主要与脂肪肝、胰岛素抵抗及血脂紊乱相关,常规检测S-CHE可以反映T2DM患者胰岛素抵抗的情况以及早期预测NAFLD的发生。 相似文献
11.
《The Journal of geography》2012,111(3):149-151
Abstract Atop the Urban Hierarchy by Robert A. Beauregard, ed. Totowa, NJ: Rowman &; Littlefield Publishers, Inc. 1989. xx and 304 pp., graphs, tables, maps, refs., and index. $36.50, cloth. The Pageant of World History by Gerald Leinwand Needham Heights, MA: Prentice-Hall, Inc. 1990. Text Book. 827 pp. ISBN 013–647975–8. The Fate of the Forest: Developers, Destroyers and Defenders of the Amazon by Susanna Hecht and Alexander Cockburn New York, NY: Verso. 1989. Maps, glossary, biblio., index. 266 pp. ISBN 0–86091–2. $24.95, cloth. A Place of Sense: Essays in Search of the Midwest by Michael Martone, ed. Iowa City, Iowa: University of Iowa Press. 1988. Illustrations. 170 pp. ISBN 0–87745–217–2. On Assignment National Geographic Society. 1990. Boardgame. $33.20. 相似文献
12.
《The Journal of geography》2012,111(9):391-400
Abstract 1960 Report on Jamaica. British Information Services, 845 Third Ave., New York 22, N.Y., 1963. iv and 477 pages with table of contents, photographs, graphs and bibliography. $3.50. George W. Hoffman. The Balkans in Transition. D. Van Nostrand Co., Princeton, N.J., 1963. 124 pages. $1.45. Stephen W. Sears and Marvin W. McFarland. Air War Against Hitler's Germany. American Heritage Publishing Co., Inc., New York, 1964. 154 pages including index. $3.95. Olive TV. Burt. Wind Before the Dawn. John Day Co., New York, 19G4. 192 pages. $3.50. Los Angeles Geographical Society. Day Tours: Geographical Journeys in the Los Angeles Area. Glenn Cunningham, Editor. Pacific Books, Palo Alto, California, 1964. 277 pages. Maps. $3.95. Editorial note: In answer to inquiries, other Highlighting features on Southeast Asia topics which have appeared in The Journal of Geography are: (1) “Federation of Malaysia,” May, 1963, 230–231, (2) “Indonesian Panism,” May, 1964, 232–233, (3) “Disintegrating Laos,” September, 1964, 284–285, (4) “Splitting Wedge of Communism,” October, 1964, 334–335 and (5) “Cambodia's Three Sea Outlets,” November, 1964, 382–383. John H. Bradley. World Geography. Fourth Edition. Ginn and Co., Boston 17, Mass., 1964. 619 pages with table of contents, list of maps, maps, illustrations, photographs colored and black and white, bibliography, statistics, study guides and index. For high school grades 9–12. $6.20. Atlas of Florida. Compiled by Erwin Raisz and associates; text by John R. Dunkle. University of Florida Press, Gainesville, Fla., 1964. 52 pages with maps, graphs, diagrams, sketches, photographs and fold-in rear cover pocket map. $7.50. Frank R. Brandenburg. The Making of Modern Mexico Prentice-Hall Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1964. 379 pages with index $8.95. A. V. Hardy and F. J. Monkhouse. The Physical Landscape in Pictures. Cambridge University Press, American Branch, 32 E. 57th St., New York, 1964. 92 pages with table of contents, preface and 92 black and white photographs. $1.75 paperbound. Mary F. Horkheimer and John W. Diffor (eds.). Educators Guide to Free Films. Educators Progress Service, Randolph, Wis., 1964. 631 pages. $9.00. Marton Pecsi and Bela Sarfalvi. The Geography of Hungary. Collet's, 44–45 Museum St., London, 1964. xii and 299 pages, black and white illustrations and two colored insert maps. About $4.55. Stephen H. Longrigg. The Middle East: A Social Geography. Aldine Publishing Co., Chicago, 1962. 291 pages. $6.95. 相似文献
13.
Leila De Floriani Paola Magillo 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(5):541-561
Abstract We present a model for describing the visibility of a polyhedral terrain from a fixed viewpoint, based on a collection of nested horizons. We briefly introduce the concepts of mathematical and digital terrain models, and some background notions for visibility problems on terrains. Then, we define horizons on a polyhedral terrain, and introduce a visibility model, that we call the horizon map. We present a construction algorithm and a data structure for encoding the horizon map, and show how it can be used for solving point visibility queries with respect to a fixed viewpoint. 相似文献
14.
《The Journal of geography》2012,111(6):237-239
Abstract Strengthening Geography in the Social Studies Salvatore J. Natoli. editor National Council for the Social Studies Bulletin, No. 81, Contributors, pref., index. $6.95, paper. Glencoe World Geography: A physical and cultural approach by Richard G. Boehm and James L. Swanson Missions Hills, California: Glencoe Publishing Company 1989. T144, figs., illus., graphs, tables, photos, maps, gloss., gazetteer and index. 672 pp. No $, cloth. Refugees: A Third World Dilemma John R. Rogge, editor Totowa, N.J.: Rowman and Littlefield 1987. xi and 370 pp, tables, figs., ackn., biblio., index, contributors. $43.50, cloth. Medicine &; Culture by Lynn Payer New York: Henry Holt &; Company, Inc. 1988. Index, ack., notes, 204 pp. $18.95, cloth. Global Studies: China. Second Edition edited by W. A. Joseph Guilford, CT: Dushkin Publishing 1987. xii and 244 pp, illus., charts, maps, gloss., sources, index, and biblio. $9.25, paper. 相似文献
15.
PurposeTo examine the impact of public bus system on spatial burglary pattern in a Chinese urban context, as well as the spatial variation of this impact.MethodsLocal Moran's I, boxplot-based classification, geo-visualization, Chi-square test, and correlation analysis are used to explore the spatial coupling relationships between bus stops and burglary. Guided by routine activity approach, negative binomial regressions are performed for the developed and developing parts of the DP peninsula, as well as the whole peninsula based on proxies of potential offenders, guardians, targets, and spatial dependence.ResultsStatistically positive correlations are observed between burglary count and bus stop service capability. However, net of other factors, one more unidirectional bus route is expected to reduce burglary by nearly 2 percent for the whole area, and 4 percent for the developed area, while no statistically significant relationship is found for the developing area.ConclusionsThe bus-burglary relationships differ between the developed and developing urban areas. For the former, although burglaries concentrate around bus stops with higher service capability, the increase of bus service capability has a net impact of slightly depressing the occurrence of burglaries. Four possible mechanisms explaining this negative bus-burglary relationship in the DP peninsula are presented. 相似文献
16.
《The Journal of geography》2012,111(5):16-20
Abstract This report describes the results of an attempt to analyze and evaluate a college course for diagnostic purposes. A monitor was used to observe the course, to generate additional information with pre-course and mid-course questionnaires, and to assist the professor and the class in interpreting and acting on the values of the monitoring process as well as two conditions necessary for its success. 相似文献
17.
《The Journal of geography》2012,111(5):229-232
Abstract Marion Clawson. Land for Americans. Resources for the Future Policy Background Series. Rand McNally and Co., P.O. Box 7600, Chicago 80, Ill., 1963. 141 pages with table of contents and black and white illustrations. $2.00. Devereux Butcher. Exploring Our National Wildlife Refuges, 2nd edition. Houghton Mifflin Co., 2 Park St., Boston 7, Mass., 1963. 340 pages with bibliography, 342 photographs and a map. $6.50. Jane Lyon. Clipper Ships and Clipper Captains. American Heritage Co., Inc., 551 Fifth Ave., New York 17, N.Y., 1963. 153 pages with color and black and white illustrations. $3.95. UNESCO. A Review of the National Resources of the African Continent. International Documents Service, Columbia University Press, 2960 Broadway, New York 27, N.Y., 1963. $15.00. Floyd Miller. Ahdoolo! The Biography of Matthew A. Henson. E. P. Dutton and Co., Inc., 201 Park Ave., S., New York 3, N.Y., 1963. 221 pages. $4.50. Edna Mason Kaula. The Land and People of Tanganyika. J. B. Lippincott Co., E. Washington Sq., Philadelphia 5, Pa., 1963. 155 pages with table of contents, two maps, index and photographs. $2.93. Henry M. Kendall, Robert M. Glendinning and Clifford H. MacFadden. Introduction to Geography, third edition. Harcourt, Brace and World, Inc., 750 Third Ave., New York 17, N.Y., 1962. 582 pages with table of contents, index and black and white photographs, maps and illustrations. $8.50. C. William Harrison. The First Book of Wildlife Sanctuaries. Franklin Watts, Inc., 575 Lexington Ave., New York 22, N.Y., 1963. 61 pages with maps, black and white pictures and an appendix regarding some of the United States' national wildlife refuges. $2.50. Denis Baly. Geographical Companion to the Bible. McGraw-Hill Book Co. Inc., 330 West 42nd St., New York 36, N.Y., 1963. 196 pages with maps, photographs, place-names and subject index. $5.95. David J. Bowen. The Land and People of Peru. J. B. Lippincott Co., E. Washington Sq., Philadelphia 5, Pa., 1963. 160 pages with table of contents, index, black and white photographs and one map. $2.93. Victor E. Shelford. The Ecology of North America. University of Illinois Press, Urbana, Ill., 1963. 610 pages. $10.00. Richard F. Burton, edited by Fawn M. Brodie. The City of the Saints and Across the Rocky Mountains to California. Alfred A. Knopf, 501 Madison Ave., New York 22, N.Y., 1963. 654 pages with table of contents, editor's introduction, appendices and index. $8.50. Devereux Butcher. Exploring Our National Parks and Monuments (prepared under the auspices of the National Park Association), fifth edition, third revised printing. Houghton Mifflin Co., 2 Park St., Boston 7, Mass., 1963. 288 pages with table of contents, more than 300 colored and black and white pictures and three maps. $6.50. Jacques M. May, M.D. “The Ecology of Malnutrition in Five Countries of East-Central Europe,” Studies in Medical Geography, Vol. 4. Hafner Publishing Co., 31 East Tenth St., New York 3, N.Y., 1963. 292 pages with table of contents, index and black and white maps. $10.50. William G. Tyrrell. We New Yorkers. Oxford Book Co., 71 Fifth Ave., New York 3, N.Y., 1963. vi and 294 pages with table of contents, maps, photographs, drawings and index. $2.75 (net school price). 相似文献
18.
Abstract Digital elevation data spaced on a regular 30 m grid were generated over a region of moderate topography in south-east Australia. Six algorithms for calculating gradient and aspect from these data were compared. General linear regression models and the third-order finite difference methods were the most accurate. 相似文献
19.
目的 倾向性评分匹配法（Propensity Score Matching,PSM）评估手术联合术中放疗治疗原发性肝癌的安全性及疗效。方法 收集2009~2012年于笔者医院肝胆外科行手术联合术中放疗（intraoperative electron radiotherapy,IOERT）的18例原发性肝癌（primary liver cancer,PLC）患者的临床资料,其中16例经术后病理证实为肝细胞癌（hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC）,2例为肝内胆管细胞癌（intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas,ICC）;采用倾向性评分匹配方法,按照1∶2比例从同期行单纯手术的原发性肝癌患者中筛选出36例做为对照组（32例HCC,4例ICC）,比较两组患者术中及术后并发症发生情况及HCC患者术后早期（2年内）复发率。结果 所有患者均获随访,随访率100%。两组患者术中出血量、术后3个月内肝功能、凝血功能、血常规及术后住院天数的比较,差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）,仅在手术时长方面,联合IOERT组长于单纯手术组（P=0.000）。此外,联合IOERT组术后出现1例急性肾功能衰竭和1例胸腔积液,单纯手术组术后出现1例肝创面出血。在疗效方面,以两组48例HCC患者为研究对象,联合IOERT组的HCC患者为16例,其中6例在2年内复发,早期复发率为37.5%;单纯手术组的HCC患者为32例,20例在2年内复发,早期复发率为62.5%,两组早期复发率的比较,差异无统计学意义（P=0.101）。结论 手术联合术中放疗治疗原发性肝癌安全可行,尽管联合放疗组早期复发率低于单纯手术组,但差异并无统计学意义。 相似文献
20.
ZHILIN LI STAN OPENSHAW 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(5):373-389
Abstract This article describes a new set of algorithms for locally–adaptive line generalization based on the so-called natural principle of objective generalization. The drawbacks of existing methods of line generalization are briefly discussed and the algorithms described. The performance of these new methods is compared with benchmarks based on both manual cartographic procedures and a standard method found in many geographical information systems. 相似文献