共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
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Environmental change, geographical displacement, and disputes over land and resources have increased around the world. This article focuses on strategies developed by the Kaiabi indigenous people to cope and adapt to environmental change after development-forced displacement and resettlement in the Brazilian Amazon. A mixed methods approach was adopted, combining ethnographic and quantitative methods. Semistructured interviews were performed among 214 individuals in a study on the dynamics of indigenous knowledge (IK) and natural resource management across three Kaiabi lands. We identified seven main coping and adaptive strategies developed by the displaced group: leadership and reciprocity networks, mobility, maintenance and innovation of native language, knowledge articulation, substitution of strategic resources, transmission across genders, and revitalizing diversity. These strategies have helped to enhance social–ecological resilience at different scales. Policies for resettlement and adaptation to environmental change must be developed with indigenous communities based on local knowledge and institutions. 相似文献
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Alan B. Dixon 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2008,29(3):341-356
Local community based institutions that coordinate the management of natural resources have been linked to socioecological resilience, adaptation and sustainability within rural livelihood systems throughout the developing world. The resilience and sustainability of related local institutions, however, is influenced by their relationship with external actors and institutions, particularly in facilitating, supporting or hindering local institutional arrangements. From this standpoint, this paper examines the case of local community based institutions involved in wetland management in western Ethiopia. Drawing upon the findings of participatory fieldwork undertaken in eight wetland‐using communities of Illubabor and Western Wellega zones in Oromia Region it is argued that although local institutions do play a key role in coordinating wetland management and sustaining the benefits from wetlands, the sustainability and resilience of the institutions themselves is threatened by a range of factors. Despite their grassroots nature, their effectiveness is influenced by their reliance on local government backstopping that appears to have diminished in recent years, as well as a perceived lack of local government support for collective action over individual rights. 相似文献
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可持续性转型研究动态与经济地理学展望 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
近年来,可持续性转型概念进入经济地理学者视野,用于探究区域绿色技术、消费市场和产业转型的多维因果过程与空间动力机制,已成为演化经济地理学和环境经济地理学新兴议题之一。为掌握该研究动态,本文对2000—2020年来共计2453篇可持续性转型文献进行回顾,重点探讨了转型地理研究进展和理论不足,阐述了经济地理学对可持续性转型研究的理论价值和融入方向。本文发现：① 可持续性转型是创新研究和可持续管理领域热门议题,呈多学科介入特点;其中,转型地理研究正不断崛起,并聚焦区域绿色新兴产业发展的社会-技术共演过程、多尺度动力机制、环境经济和社会效应及其转型地理性等问题。② 经济地理学对转型研究有三个视角优势：时空语境敏感性;转型过程、机制和结果的空间多样性;新产业系统的地方嵌入及其合法化的地理性。③ 经济地理学对可持续性转型研究含三个提升方向：概念内涵深化（含地方、尺度和空间）、多范式互动融合（演化、制度和政治经济地理）、分析框架构建方向（多地理尺度性与多层次视角,区域创新系统与技术创新系统）。④ 中国转型地理研究在三个议题上有广阔前景：基于国家语境敏感的地方转型探索、绿色利基发展与转型空间机制研究、以及区域新产业路径发展与转型研究。 相似文献
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CHRISTINE ERIKSEN 《The Geographical journal》2007,173(3):242-256
Despite the historical importance of fire as a savanna land management tool, much controversy still surrounds discussions on anthropogenic fire utilization and the sustainability of indigenous land management practices in African savannas. This controversy is arguably a result of a discord between official fire policies and actual indigenous fire practices – a discord based on a gap in existing knowledge of, and a lack of informed literature on, the importance of fire for socio-economic and environmental survival in savanna environments. Addressing a continuing lack of research on the political ecology of fire, this study investigates the historical and present day socio-economic, environmental and political frameworks that affect anthropogenic burning regimes and land management in the Kafinda Game Management Area and Kasanka National Park in Zambia. A series of participatory research activities revealed the continuing importance of fire to rural livelihoods, but that a mismatch in desired burning regimes exists between local stakeholders. The paper argues that local power relations are preventing the local communities from adopting burning regimes that would be more environmentally sustainable and more in line with present day farming systems. 相似文献
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生态健康评价在温地管理中的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文系统地闸述了生态系统健康的内涌、评价方法及其与湿地管理的密切联系,论述了生态系统健康评价在湿地管理中的应用途径,进而找出我国湿地健康评价不能适应快速发展的湿地管理的问题所任.生态系统健康是湿地管理的目的和基础,生态健康评价是实现湿地可持续管理的工具,生态健康评价不仅可以对湿地生态系统健康的整体状况进行综介评估和预测,而且可以应用于单个指标评价的健康状况排序,能够确定湿地管理措施实施的先后顺序,恢复行为的有效性,提高湿地综合管理能力,是开展湿地管珲工作的重要工具. 相似文献
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生态健康评价在湿地管理中的应用 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
本文系统地阐述了生态系统健康的内涵、评价方法及其与湿地管理的密切联系,论述了生态系统健康评价在湿地管理中的应用途径,进而找出我国湿地健康评价不能适应快速发展的湿地管理的问题所在。生态系统健康是湿地管理的目的和基础,生态健康评价是实现湿地可持续管理的工具,生态健康评价不仅可以对湿地生态系统健康的整体状况进行综合评估和预测,而且可以应用于单个指标评价的健康状况排序,能够确定湿地管理措施实施的先后顺序,恢复行为的有效性,提高湿地综合管理能力,是开展湿地管理工作的重要工具。 相似文献
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森林碳汇决策与农村可持续发展研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
认为有必要在基于碳汇的土地利用和当地可持续发展之间建立一种更加明确的联系.依托一个中国-加拿大合作项目,以中国贵州省黎平县为例,阐述了一种将森林碳汇、森林资源管理以及如何促进当地可持续发展联系起来的综合评估方法,并且着重介绍了能帮助资源管理和规划部门实施这种综合评估的土地利用决策支持工具(LUDST). 相似文献
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认为有必要在基于碳汇的土地利用和当地可持续发展之间建立一种更加明确的联系.依托一个中国-加拿大合作项目,以中国贵州省黎平县为例,阐述了一种将森林碳汇、森林资源管理以及如何促进当地可持续发展联系起来的综合评估方法,并且着重介绍了能帮助资源管理和规划部门实施这种综合评估的土地利用决策支持工具(LUDST) . 相似文献
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三江平原湿地生态特征变化及其可持续性管理对策 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
近５０年来,由于三江平原太面积开荒,使得湿地面积缩小,湿地水状况及水质的改变,湿地产品的不可持续开发以及外来物种的引入等,湿地退化和丧失的最根本原因是人口压力的变化,文章提出了对三江平原湿地进行了可持续性管理方案,并从生态,社会,经济指标出发,探讨了湿地可持续性管理的对策。 相似文献
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黄河三角洲湿地生态特征变化及可持续性管理对策 总被引：54，自引：10，他引：54
近年来，由于农业市场化和产业化的发展，工业与城市化的崛起，黄河三角洲湿地生态特征发生了巨大变化。表现在湿地类型和面积的改变，湿地水状况及水质的变化，湿地产品的不可持续利用等，通过对湿地生态变化的自然因素和人为原因进行分析，提出了黄河三角洲湿地可持续性管理的方案，并从生态、社会、经济指标出发，探讨了湿地可持续性管理对策。 相似文献
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Haq A H M Rezaul Tapan Kumar Ghosal Pritam Ghosh M Aminul Islam 《湿地科学》2005,3(3):161-166
1INTRODUCTION Hydroponics(aGreekword,hydromeanswater andponos,labour),asoil-lessagriculture,isa termtobedescribedinseveralwaysinwhichplants cangrowwithoutsoil,byuseofaninertmedium whereplantcantakeupessentialnutrients,either fromwaterinwhichanutrientsolutionisaddedor fromorganicmaterialsthatexistsinthemedium.Thesemediacanbegravel,sand,peat,vermiculate,prelite,sawdustorotherplantmatters(organiccom ponents).Therefore,theprocessinwhichaquatic weedsaredumpedonwatertoconstructfloatingbed orart… 相似文献
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《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2018,39(3):332-350
Wetlands are important environmental resources for rural livelihoods in Ethiopia. The study investigated spatiotemporal change of wetlands, drivers and effects in North Central Ethiopian Highlands. Landsat satellite imageries of 1984, 1993, 2000, and 2013 were used to analyse wetland changes over the last three decades. Practical observations, interviews and discussions with local communities and officers were also conducted to address the main objective. Furthermore, secondary data on crop yields were collected to supplement the primary data. The study shows that wetlands have been converted into built‐up areas and farmlands. Wetlands in the study area experienced annual loss across the entire study period. Consequently, the area size of wetlands decreased from 7.4 per cent in 1984 to 2.6 per cent in 2013. About 66 per cent of the total wetlands was lost within 30 years mainly due to farmland encroachment and urban expansions. The highest rate of wetland change was recorded between 2000 and 2013. Such wetland changes increased conflicts among land users. However, the converted wetlands increased short‐term benefits due to wetland recession agriculture. To conclude, wetland resources are under enormous threats, and challenge the sustainability of livelihoods. Thus, integrated and adaptive wetland restoration policies could improve the degraded wetlands. 相似文献
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西方人文地理学研究评述与借鉴——面向知行合一的中国人文地理学 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
中国人文地理学研究需要走出“精致的平庸”,走向“精致的创新”.而要实现这一点,关键是要厘清当前研究中学术与应用间的梗阻,使学术研究回到创新的源点:理论与现实的相互激发,并破除对西方人文地理研究的模仿和迷信.为此,需要借鉴西方人文地理学研究的成果与方法并使之根植于本土的问题和制度;需要完善本土研究机制,包括区分学会和协会、区分学术和应用、区分学术地理和应用地理;要倡导真正的科学精神,对已有研究保持批判性;让知识体系保持高度的开放性,并适应本土知识生产的需求;让研究实事求是、根植于地,在理论与现实之间深度交流.只有这样,中国人文地理学方能实现知行合一,走出殖民地理的陷阱,走上真正自主的知识生产之路. 相似文献
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国际湿地科学研究的主要特点、进展与展望 总被引：164，自引：5，他引：164
湿地科学是当前国际众多学科学者共同热切关注的重点学科和前沿领域。根据大量最新国际湿地科学研究文献资料中的信息 ,提出了湿地的科学定义和湿地科学的概念。归纳出国际湿地科学研究发展的主要特点 ,即湿地科学历史久远 ,过去发展缓慢而现代发展迅速 ;目前已成为 2 1世纪科学研究的重点学科和研究领域 ;研究内容增多 ,领域扩大 ;综合性增强 ,分化性加大 ;世界湿地科学发展不平衡 ,发展中国家与发达国家之间的湿地研究水平差距逐步缩小。总结了国际湿地科学研究前沿领域的最新进展和发展趋势 ,主要在湿地保护与管理 ,形成、发育与演化 ,古环境重建 ,生态过程与动态 ,生物多样性保护 ,温室气体排放、温室效应和全球环境变化 ,湿地退化机制、退化湿地恢复与重建和人工湿地构建 ,生态系统健康 ,泥炭地与泥炭开发利用、湿地生态工程模式与管理技术和新技术、新手段与新方法应用方面取得突出进展。 相似文献
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<湿地科学>的创刊是标志中国湿地科学发展的重要里程碑.通过从学科理论、学科体系和学术交流平台建设等3个方面探讨湿地科学建设与发展的有关问题.首先,回顾作者多年来从事沼泽湿地的研究历程,从对早期研究普遍沿用但不适用于中国沼泽的一些国外理论产生质疑,到在大量国内外比较研究和实践基础上提出关于沼泽发育多模式理论、沼泽区域分异规律、沼泽生态系统的性质、沼泽分类与沼泽生态建设等基本问题的新的理论和观点,指出新学科理论建设的重要意义.其次,目前湿地科学尚未形成完整的科学体系.文章认为湿地生态系统的特殊性和生态过程的复杂性,湿地研究的多学科性、边缘交叉性,为湿地研究提供了广阔的创新空间,最终将形成多学科多层次的湿地科学体系.第三,<湿地科学>面向国际,为国内外湿地研究提供了学术交流的平台,将通过刊登富有创新性、前沿性和探索性的研究成果,形成自己的办刊风格,为推动学科发展,建立和完善湿地科学作出贡献. 相似文献
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The importance of migratory caribou ( Rangifer tarandus ) to northerners, the increasing pressure to extract non-living resources, and predicted global climate change have led researchers, managers and resource users alike to focus on how to improve our knowledge of this unique northern ungulate. Unprecedented threats to caribou sustainability, along with the increasingly acknowledged value of indigenous hunters'contribution to caribou research, pose the additional challenge to innovate research methods that accommodate differing cultural perspectives and facilitate communication among groups. This paper surveys the state of scientific knowledge of the eleven major northern mainland herds of North America. We recommend an approach to improve our working knowledge of barren-ground caribou in order to assess better future impacts. The transfer of knowledge gained from years of research and indigenous experience on many aspects of caribou ecology should be evaluated and, where applicable, transferred to herds with more modest databases. The establishment of a North American Caribou Monitoring and Assessment System, based on a synthesis of local knowledge and research-based science, is recommended as a tool for improved communication and collective learning. 相似文献
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湿地水环境可持续性度量指标体系分为层次结构和组成结构。构建湿地水环境可持续性度量指标体系应遵循科学性、可操作性、简明性与完备性相统一、针对性与时空性相统一的原则。湿地系统的结构特征制约着湿地水环境可持续性度量指标体系的准则层,不同类型的湿地水环境,选择的度量因子及相同因子在度量中所占的权重不同,同类湿地水环境的可持续性应该有一套可以借鉴的度量指标和方法。在确定湿地水环境可持续性度量主要指标和权重的过程中,灰关联分析法、特尔斐法和层次分析法是可以采用的有效方法。 相似文献
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The literature on local government management of the environment in Australia has been limited in that it has typically focused on the urban sphere. In contrast, this paper places rurality at the centre of its inquiry. It uses data from 15 case studies of rural local governments in Australia to identify the main factors that inhibit natural resource management by rural councils. These barriers mobilise around four key themes: capacity, commitment, co-ordination and community. While many of the issues raised in this study of non-urban shires have been described in previous research, the paper argues that the geographic location of the areas under investigation aggravates barriers to engaging sustainability initiatives. It is contended that rural local governments need to be resourced accordingly to ensure that natural resource management at the local government level in Australia is not compromised. 相似文献