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1.
O. M. Khlystov E. E. Kononov H. Minami A. V. Kazakov A. V. Khabuev N. A. Gubin A. G. Chenskii 《Geography and Natural Resources》2018,39(1):33-38
A high-resolution bathymetric survey of the entire underwater slope in South Baikal was carried out for the first time by means of the multibeam echosounder. New elements were revealed in the underwater relief of the southern slope of the basin from the Kultuchnaya river to the Mysovka river, and a relevant regionalization was carried out into three areas according to the presence of ancient landforms and the intensity of the processes of their reworking, with the boundaries along the delta-front and the river fan of the Utulik and Pereemnaya. We reconstructed the formation process of the modern relief of this area of the underwater slope and determined a dominant role of the underwater-erosion processes in the formation of the modern relief, with the tectonic movements served as the “trigger” for them. The study revealed a direct correlation between the reworking of the ancient geomorphological surfaces and the occurrence of separate large underwater elevations or group ridges (remnants), canyons and linear depressions. It is determined that the pivotal role in the appearance of the modern relief of the underwater slope in the second area of extensive plano-convex (in section) and fan-shaped (in plan) delta-fronts of large rivers and debris fans enveloping the remnants. The existence of a steep underwater slope from the mouth of the Pereemnaya to the mouth of the Bol’shaya Tel’naya and of two large benches, and also the proximity of the maximum depths of the southern basin at the foot of this slope are explained by a more intense step-like lowering of this part of the lake when compared with the western part of the basin. This also accounts for the absence of large remnants in this part of the slope. The area of occurrence of lacustrine-fluvial and lacustrine-delta deposits of the Tankhoi paleobasin within the southern basin of Baikal is reconstructed. Four new hydrate-bearing structures associated with these deposits and morphologically pronounced in the vertex parts of the remnants were discovered. The morphological exploration indicators of the presence of new accumulations of gas hydrates on the underwater slopes of Baikal have been expanded. 相似文献
2.
O. V. Gagarinova 《Geography and Natural Resources》2018,39(3):222-227
This paper considers the theoretical and methodological aspects of landscape-hydrological analysis in substantiating the possible development of recreational activities within the boundaries of the central ecological zone of the Baikal natural territory (BNT CEZ) in Irkutsk oblast. The hydrological characteristics of the landscapes in terms of their sensitivity and resistance to natural changes and external influences are given. We carried out a landscape-hydrological zoning for the BNT CEZ territory within the boundaries of Irkutsk oblast having regard to the conditions of runoff formation, the characteristic features of its regulation in various landscapes, and to the possibility of preserving the natural water regime and the waterecological state in utilizing the territory. It is determined that the main factors for the landscape differentiation in assessing the advisability of recreational development without damage to the Lake Baikal ecosystem and to the natural waters of BNT CEZ as a whole are the hydrological properties of landscapes and resistance of natural complexes to impacts. It is found that the level of realization of the main hydrological functions of landscapes, i. e. the runoff formation, runoff regulation and water protection functions, characterizes the involvement of the natural complex in the formation of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the local runoff, in the replenishment processes of dynamical reserves of subsurface waters, the regulation of natural floods and freshets, the preservation of the water-ecological potential of the territory. As a result a landscape-hydrological framework zoning of the territory using the landscape planning tools, three zones have been identified: the zone of the preservation of the existing state, the zone of regulated use, and the zone of territorial development. The proposed zones have general recommendations for the preservation of the hydrological and water-ecological indicators of the natural complexes which imply abandoning any activity in areas of particularly high value and highly sensitive to impacts, and the possibility of developing recreational activities in sustainable areas, subject to environmental protection measures. 相似文献
3.
旅游与文化生态保护研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
郑玉玉 《云南地理环境研究》2012,24(1):105-110
旅游可持续发展与文化生态保护的良性互动机制成为学界的研究热点。运用文献分析法分析了旅游与文化生态保护研究进展,按研究内容将已有研究主要归纳为文化生态理念在旅游开发规划中的应用、旅游对文化生态保护的效应及文化生态保护模式3个方面,研究方法以结合具体案例的定性研究为主。在此基础上,提出未来旅游与文化生态保护的研究趋势：加强旅游与文化生态保护作用机制、旅游开发共性与文化生态保护个性模式、旅游与文化生态保护测评、旅游利益相关者与文化生态保护主体等方面的研究。 相似文献
4.
Along the entire length of a large river there is taking place a substantial change in the formation conditions and stability of the channel, the rate and character of channel deformations and, accordingly, in the possibilities of water resources utilization, transport and engineering development of the river. By parametrizing the channel processes, it is possible to rank the river sections according to the degree of complexity of the channel processes, forms of their manifestation, and to the regime of channel reconfiguration, which, in turn, determines the possibilities of planning the measures ensuring the water resources utilization. Using the Ob’ as an example, we provide a rationale for the criteria for singling out the river sections differing by the degree of complexity of the channel processes, on the basis of parameters characterizing the forms of their manifestation, the state of the channels, and the intensity of deformations. We have identified eight sections of a different length, sequentially alternating along the length of the river from the confluence of the Biya and Katun’ as far as the mouth. The ranking of the river sections permitted the future planning of the water resources utilization measures. 相似文献
5.
Main directions of development of the Baku urban agglomeration 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
E. S. Badalov 《Geography and Natural Resources》2016,37(2):174-180
An analysis is made of the historical development and formation of the major Baku urban agglomeration. The theoretical and methodological foundations of population distributions are considered, and an analysis is made of the influence of the natural, historical and economic factors on the formation of this region. The historical development of the major urban agglomeration and productive forces is investigated, which involves a high level of concentration of production and mining industries as well as with infrastructural development. A study is made of the dynamics of demographic processes, the characteristics of natural and migration movement of the population, and of the age/gender and marriage/family population composition which form the social-demographic structure of population and have an important practical significance in the determination of long-term development of the Baku agglomeration. The structural and dynamical formations of new settlements of Baku depended on their functional characteristics as well as on the distance from the center. An analysis is made of the Soviet and post-Soviet periods of population growth in the agglomeration. The dynamics of the demographic processes of the population in the agglomeration shows that the growth rates of the settlements in the outer zone are substantially higher than in Baku itself; therefore, pendulum migration is taking shape between the city and the suburb, which creates serious problems. Urbanization and its influence on the settlement process, and the problems of development of urban settlements are investigated. The ways of long-term socioeconomic development, and the transformation of the territorial organization of the Baku agglomeration are outlined. Also, an analysis is made of the population dynamics and formation of labor resources, and the problems of using and employing them in the region are considered. Based on the research done, recommendations are made for the regulation of demographic processes across the territory under investigation. 相似文献
6.
I. V. Bychkov O. V. Gagarinova I. I. Orlova L. M. Korytny V. M. Plyusnin V. N. Bogdanov 《Geography and Natural Resources》2017,38(4):364-370
We examine the complicated situation with demarcation of the boundary of the Lake Baikal water protection zone. It was found that although the principles of ecological zoning, a unique legal instrument regulating the development of a territory with a special nature conservation status and the preservation of the Lake Baikal ecosystem, have been developed and implemented, it was not until 2015 that the boundaries of the water protection zone of Lake Baikal itself were defined. The boundaries of the water protection zone along the boundary of the central ecological zone of Lake Baikal as established by a Decree of the RF Government combined severe restrictions on water use of the two zones across the territory with the area more than 50 thou km2. It is concluded that there is a need to reconsider the decision and develop the project of the water protection zone of Lake Baikal substantiated from the landscape-hydrological perspective. It is demonstrated that the substantiation of the size of the water protection zone must rely on the hydrological runoff-forming and runoffregulating functions of landscapes that determine the formation and transformation of the local runoff between the watershed and the draining water body. The approach to implementing the water protection zoning project on the landscape-hydrological principles is developed to provide maximum protection of Lake Baikal against the input of pollutants with the subsurface and surface runoff from the neighboring coastal territories due to the natural processes of self-purification in landscapes and soil-ground layers. The main criterion is defined for the width of the water protection zone: all pollutants beyond the imposed limits of the zone are drained by the inflows from the lake and do not enter directly Lake Baikal; also, the protection of subsurface waters from the vertical penetration of pollutants is taken into account. For the settlements situation on the shores of Lake Baikal, it is proposed to delineate the boundary of the lake’s water protection zone having regard to the existing and future plans of development and engineering-technological infrastructuring of the territory. 相似文献
7.
文章强调我国解决"三农"问题的焦点是粮食生产流通体制的改革。在我国当前存在的多个严峻条件的刚性约束之下,粮食的生产流通改革必须按市场经济规律进行。以对粮食生产流通所需要素的科学评估为依据,以粮食流通体制的改革为核心,以按市场化机制运行的各类企业为市场主体,以政府的引导和扶持政策为基本保障,形成良性运行模式,以尽快解决对粮食主产区农民的组织问题,达到粮食生产及流通直接与市场对接的目的。 相似文献
8.
Within the mushroom-shaped head of a cylindrical mantle plume melting occurs, the melt segregates from the matrix, and the matrix deforms and spreads laterally. These processes have been studied with a model of two-phase flow with melting. After characteristics of the solution near the axis of symmetry of the plume were found, a set of asymptotic relations for the variables along the symmetry axis was derived from McKenzie's equations for conservation of mass, momentum and energy of a two-phase system. The distribution of porosity along the plume axis and the vertical and radial segregation velocity of the melt in the vicinity of the axis of symmetry were obtained as functions of depth. Our analytic results show that within the head of a cylindrical mantle plume the contribution of the deformation of the matrix to the total non-hydrostatic pressure gradient cannot be neglected, and melt convergence or divergence is controlled by the radial scale of the upward velocity profile at the depth of the beginning of melting. 相似文献
9.
行动者网络视域下世界遗产地的空间生产——以广东开平碉楼与村落为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
行动者网络理论（Actor-Network Theory,ANT）通过把人与非人的、物质的和社会的要素并置在行动者网络内,为地理学家审视“空间”提供了一个强大的理论工具,在人文地理学各分支学科的应用日益增多。文章以开平碉楼与村落世界遗产地为研究对象,使用ANT研究了开平碉楼与村落从偏僻乡野向世界遗产地的空间生产过程。研究发现,开平碉楼与村落的行动者主要包括联合国教科文组织世界遗产委员会、国家各级政府、开平碉楼与村落专项基金会、旅游企业、旅游者、碉楼华侨业主、碉楼当地业主、其他非业主居民和开平碉楼与村落环境。开平碉楼与村落所处区域的经济衰落呈现出的行动者集体的问题是行动者转译原因,也是开平碉楼空间再生产的起点;申遗与旅游开发成为行动者利益赋予、征召与动员的过程,也同时阐述了空间再生产过程的机理,由部分业主对网络提出的异议则指涉了新的空间再生产。 相似文献
10.
综合考虑交通状态日变化规律、区际联系出入口等级及高速公路、过江大桥和隧道等对通达性的影响,引入路网饱和度模型分析南昌市区区际联系通达性的时空分布特征,研究表明：① 南昌市区区际通达性主干路指向性强,整体呈由中心向外围不规则辐射状;② 全区通达性格局受交通状态影响,不同时段通达性格局差异明显,尤其是南昌市核心区变化更为显著;③ 过江大桥、隧道的交通状态对区域通达性影响较大,高峰期过江大桥及隧道的拥堵凸显出河流、铁路线等因素对交通的阻隔,河流及铁路线两侧通达性差距拉大。在此基础上,为提升区际联系通达性提出了南昌市区际公路及市内道路空间组织的优化建议。 相似文献
11.
根据景观基因及其图谱理论,探讨景观基因及其图谱和画卷式旅游规划概念,建立了基于三者之间内在关系的古城镇“画卷式”旅游规划技术;遵循“一目标、二意义、三功能、四特性、五要素”的理论结构,探讨以基因信息的遗传路线和文化故事表达为图谱形态的“画卷式”旅游规划模式。在此基础上,以靖港古镇为例,结合实地走访与历史文化特色分析等方法,探寻了该古镇景观主体基因图谱,构建并运用了“画卷式”旅游规划模式。结果表明：靖港古镇宜居宜业的生态文明是主体基因图谱表达的画卷模式;军事科教的活动体验是内在唯一基因图谱表达的画卷模式,地方性很强的民俗活动是外在唯一基因图谱表达的画卷模式;宗教文化活动是局部唯一基因图谱表达的画卷模式。 相似文献
12.
V. M. Fedorov R. V. Gorbunov T. Yu. Gorbunova N. K. Kononova 《Geography and Natural Resources》2017,38(1):86-92
A comparison is made of the calculated values of solar radiation incident on the upper atmospheric boundary with the measured values of surface temperature on the territory of the Crimean Peninsula. It is shown that the long-term temperature regime on the territory of the Crimean Peninsula is characterized by a stability. It is determined that the stability of the long-term regime of mean annual surface air temperatures is associated with the characteristics of the latitudinal distribution of solar radiation incident on the upper atmospheric boundary. The incident solar radiation increases in the regions of heat sources and decreases in the regions of heat sink. Stability of long-term mean annual values of surface air temperature is associated with the location of the Crimea on the boundary of the regions of heat sources and sinks. The study revealed the chronological structure of long-term changes in surface air temperature. The anomaly in the long-term surface air temperature variability is characterized by short-duration variations. An analysis is made of the chronological structure of interannual variability in surface air temperature on the territory of the peninsula. The dominant interannual and 2–3-year periodicities in the temperature regime variations are correlated with variations in incident solar radiation. In 62.7% of cases, the sign of interannual variability in surface air temperature corresponds to the sign of interannual variability in incident solar radiation. Thus it is shown that a small tendency in the long-term surface air temperature variability on the territory of the Crimean Peninsula, and the characteristics of its variations are determined largely by the specific character of the input and distribution of solar radiation incident on the upper atmospheric boundary. 相似文献
13.
人类活动对南极环境的影响主要表现为全球性人类活动的影响和南极局地人类活动的影响两方面。本文在对南极乔治王岛菲尔德斯半岛环境进行调查和采样分析的基础上,明确了南极环境中存在源于北半球中高纬地区人类核活动产生的人工放射性同位素１３７Ｃｓ：土壤表层（０～５ｃｍ）、苔藓活体层、枝状地衣、壳状地衣体中１３７Ｃｓ比活度分别为６．０～１４．８、２５．１、２９．０和５８．１Ｂｑ／ｋｇ;而中国北方地区土壤表层（０～１０ｃｍ）、壳状地衣体中１３７Ｃｓ比活度分别为６．４～３７．３和２９４．０～３１２．０Ｂｑ／ｋｇ,可见这类全球陆地表面广泛分布的壳状地衣是监测人工放射性核素长期扩散影响极为敏感的信息载体。南极科学考察活动对局地生态系统和地表冻融过程有一定程度的干扰,南极生物体（特别是地衣体）和水体是对人类活动影响极为敏感的环境信息载体,考察站区周围的生物体和水体中Ｃｒ、Ｃｕ、Ｎｉ、Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ等污染物含量明显偏高。菲尔德斯半岛作为南极科学考察站最为密集的地区之一,其环境与陆地生态系统受人类活动影响较为明显,故加强本区环境和生物保护工作已成为当前南极环境科学研究的重要方面 相似文献
14.
通过有关数据并运用计量方法进行实证研究,分析乌鲁木齐区域金融中心的建设水平以及影响因素。选取九个丝绸之路经济带上西部区域金融中心城市,结合西部地区金融发展现状,构建区域金融中心建设水平评价指标体系,分析得出乌鲁木齐区域金融中心建设水平在丝绸之路经济带上九个西部区域金融中心城市中排名第7,总体建设水平较低。对乌鲁木齐区域金融中心建设的影响因素分析发现,代表经济因素的第三产业比重、代表基础设施因素的交通、邮电和软件信息服务业投资额和代表开放程度因素的进出口总额会对乌鲁木齐区域金融中心的发展产生有利的影响,而代表成本因素的单位劳动成本和税率水平会对乌鲁木齐区域金融中心的发展产生不利的影响。金融中心将为新疆丝绸之路经济带核心区的建设发挥重要的支撑作用,乌鲁木齐应抢抓历史新机遇,当务之急建立机构集中、市场发达、信息通达、设施先进、服务高效的区域性金融中心。 相似文献
15.
中国新城市空间现象研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
该文针对中国转型时期出现的城市空间问题，提出新城市空间的概念和类型，对当前国内外在新城市空间方面的研究进展进行综述和总结，着重探讨中国新城市空间形成的背景和机制，并分析研究中国新城市空间特征及存在的问题。 相似文献
16.
中国和印度是亚洲近十多年来经济发展速度较快的两大发展中国家，作为两大文明古国，传统文化在其现代化进程中起着不可低估的作用。本文首先分析了中国和印度20年的经济增长，然后对两国的文化内核进行了归纳，着重比较和分析了两国在经济发展中文化所起到的积极影响和消极影响，并就改造传统文化对经济发展的消极影响方面提出了相应的意见和建议。 相似文献
17.
18.
学校体系规模调整和空间演化特征的测度与分析——以南京市普通高级中学为例 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
基于分形理论和可达性理论,运用学校规模测度技术和地理空间测度技术对南京市2006年和2010年普通高中学校规模和空间布局进行分析。具体方法包括运用Hausdorff维数测度学校规模位序,运用关联维数测度学校空间分布的相关性,运用集聚维数测度学校空间分布的集聚性,运用时间可达性测度技术测度学校的可达性。测度结果显示:①2006~2010年间,南京市普通高中学校规模呈扩大趋势,但体系规模总体均衡,且5 a来规模差异有所缩小;②学校空间布局相关性高,且2006~2010年间的布局调整使空间相关性呈现加强趋势;③学校空间布局表现出集聚的特征,且2006~2010年间的布局调整使主城区学校空间布局趋于均衡(分散),而使郊区空间布局趋于集聚(集中);④无论5 a来趋于分散的主城区学校布局还是趋于集中的郊区学校布局,调整后区域内学校可达性都降低,学生上学时间成本普遍增加。建议教育部门在"十二五"期间进一步采取措施,一方面提高学校办学质量,另一方面在让学生就学更加便捷的前提下实现学校空间布局的均衡,以促进教育公平。 相似文献
19.
以地域经济系统理论为指导,以福建省300强企业为研究样本,以县级行政区为基本的地域单元,以根据区域所有制数量的动态变化所划分的4种区域所有制结构类型为研究的结构框架,以300强企业的所有制及企业主要产品的行业属性为研究起点,分析了区域所有制结构的空间变化特征,并探究了区域所有制结构与区域产业结构之间的关系,揭示了区域所有制结构与区域经济发展水平的关系。研究的结果显示：4种所有制结构类型的区域工业经济发展梯度已经形成,其中,始终多于3种所有制的区域所有制结构和区域产业结构最复杂,工业经济发展水平最高。 相似文献
20.
Surface-wave propagation across the Mexican Volcanic Belt and the origin of the long-period seismic-wave amplification in the Valley of Mexico 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
N. M. Shapiro M. Campillo A. Paul S. K. Singh D. Jongmans F. J. Sánchez-Sesma 《Geophysical Journal International》1997,128(1):151-166
A network of nine broad-band seismographs was operated from March to May 1994 to study the propagation of seismic waves across the Mexican Volcanic Belt (MVB) in the region of the Valley of Mexico. Analysis of the data from the network reveals an amplification of seismic waves in a wide period band al the stations situated in the southern part of the MVB.
The group velocities of the fundamental mode of the Rayleigh wave in the period range 2–13 s are found to be lower in the southern part of the MVB than in its northern part and in the region south of the MVB. The inversion of dispersion curves shows that the difference in group velocities is due to the presence of a superficial low-velocity layer (with an average S -wave velocity of 1.7 km s-1 and an average thickness of 2 km) beneath the southern part of the MVB. This low-velocity zone is associated with the region of active volcanism.
Numerical simulations show that this superficial low-velocity layer causes a regional amplification of 8–10 s period signals, which is of the same order as the amplification measured from the data. This layer also increases the signal duration significantly because of the dispersion of the surface waves. These results confirm the hypothesis of Singh et al. (1995), who suggested that the regional amplification observed in the Valley of Mexico is due to the anomalously low shear-wave velocity of the shallow volcanic rocks in the southern MVB 相似文献
The group velocities of the fundamental mode of the Rayleigh wave in the period range 2–13 s are found to be lower in the southern part of the MVB than in its northern part and in the region south of the MVB. The inversion of dispersion curves shows that the difference in group velocities is due to the presence of a superficial low-velocity layer (with an average S -wave velocity of 1.7 km s
Numerical simulations show that this superficial low-velocity layer causes a regional amplification of 8–10 s period signals, which is of the same order as the amplification measured from the data. This layer also increases the signal duration significantly because of the dispersion of the surface waves. These results confirm the hypothesis of Singh et al. (1995), who suggested that the regional amplification observed in the Valley of Mexico is due to the anomalously low shear-wave velocity of the shallow volcanic rocks in the southern MVB 相似文献