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1.
Frost heaving is a well-known phenomenon in cold regions, which may occur in wet clayey grounds during winter. Railway track upheaval occurring in cold regions during the winter is generally understood as frost heaving in the subgrade layer. However, it has been confirmed that upheaval due to frost heaving sometimes occurs in the ballast layer. This understanding has been observed in active railways in northern Japan. The samples collected from ballast and subgrade layers have been examined for frost heave susceptibilities and confirmed that ballast layers which contain fines may heave. 相似文献
2.
The uneven frost heave of frost-susceptible subgrade soil causes track irregularity, which highly enhances train vibration and affects the comfort and safety of railway transportation. This paper presents a coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) analysis for the freezing behavior of railway located above a box culvert. The vertical acceleration of the vehicle, an indicator of riding comfort, is predicted through a vehicle dynamic model. The results reveal that the existence of a box culvert changes the subgrade thermal pattern, leading to a deeper frost penetration depth. The frost heave amount above the box culvert is larger than the adjacent section, resulting in uneven track structure upheave and track irregularity. This frost-induced track irregularity highly affects train vibration. 相似文献
3.
This paper presents methods for monitoring frost heave, device requirements, testing principals, and data analysis requirements, such as manual leveling observation, automatic monitoring (frost heave, frost depth, and moisture), track dynamic detection, and track status detection. We focused on the requirements of subgrade frost heave monitoring for high speed railways, and the relationship of different monitoring methods during different phases of the railway. The comprehensive monitoring system of high speed railway subgrade frost heave provided the technical support for dynamic design during construction and safe operation of the rail system. 相似文献
4.
This paper outlines development of the thickness design of cylindrical frozen walls in artificial ground freezing (AFG). A plain strain mechanical model coupled with infinite surrounding soil and rock ... 相似文献
5.
Alexander Isakov 《寒旱区科学》2013,5(4):0353-0362
The main reasons for a breach of trouble-free operation of the subgrade are the different kinds of deformation, such as train load impact on
subgrade surface, loss of stability to subgrade slope, weight of embankment on the base, and partial or complete failure of the railway track
due to frost heaving. This paper gives a summary of deformation analysis methods being developed in Russia to estimate the operating conditions
of the railway subgrade. 相似文献
6.
According to the technical characteristics of short fixed wheelbase of a high-speed carriage, a subgrade-track integrated space mechanical response analysis model is proposed for trains under the action of biaxial load after the comparison of the stress distribution characteristics of the ballast track subgrade bed structures for high-speed railway under the action of uniaxial load and biaxial load. The loading threshold value (high-cycle long-term dynamic strength) under the circumstance where the cumulative deformation of subgrade structure gradually develops and finally reaches the convergent state, and its relationship with the foundation coefficient K30 were deduced, based on the characteristics of cumulative deformation evolution obtained from the unit structure filling model test under the action of cyclic loading. In view of structure stability and frost resistance requirements of the railway subgrade in cold regions, technical conditions to maintain good service performance of subgrade structure of high-speed railway ballasted track are discussed and analyzed. Study results show that the additive effect manifests itself obviously for railway train bogies under the action of biaxial load than uniaxial load, which has a significant dynamic effect on the subgrade bed bottom and a slight effect on the surface layer. Thus, the adoption of a biaxial load model in the design of a high-speed railway subgrade accurately reflects the vehicle load. Pursuant to the structure design principle, the design method of the subgrade structure of high-speed railway ballasted track is proposed to meet the technical requirements such as structural strength, bearing stiffness and high-cyclic and long-term stability. Technical indicators are obtained for the variation of thickness of the surface layer of reinforced subgrade bed in the double-layer subgrade mode along with the change of K30 at the subgrade bed bottom. The double-layer structure mode of "closure on the upper layer and drainage on the lower layer" was proposed in order to meet the waterproofing and drainage requirements of the upper layer of the subgrade bed in cold regions. A dense-framework graded gravel filler with weak water permeability at a coefficient of 10-4 cm/s is used on the upper layer and the void-framework graded gravel filler at the water permeability coefficient of 10-2 cm/s is adopted on the lower layer. 相似文献
7.
Frost heave is one of the major complications in highway construction in cold regions. Laboratory experiments are im-portant in the study frost heave behavior of soils, and one-dimensional frost heave ... 相似文献
8.
Kazakhstan regions is seasonal climatic with transient freezing of soil groundduring the winter. Roadbed integrity is important to resist the sustained load transmitted by traffic on the road surface. Freezing of soil ground could significantlyinfluence roadbed integrity in the seasonal freezing climate of Kazakhstan. The proper determination magnitude of frost heave and heaving pressure by the influence of freezing temperatures during the winter season are necessary for design and construction of highways. Thus, experimental tests were conducted on specimens obtained from Astana (Kazakhstan) to determine the freezing pressure and magnitude of frost heaving. 相似文献
9.
An active application of a concrete track is expected for the future construction of railroads. For successful concrete track
construction and operation in earthwork areas, the residual settlement should be reasonably controlled by using an appropriate
method. The maintenance for excessive settlement is very difficult on the operating line because the maintenance
method is very restrictive. The objective of this study is to introduce pressurized rapid-hardening cement grouting (PRCG)
method to restore a subsided concrete track without any adverse effects on train operation. This method involves the use of
special types of materials (very quick hardening and middle-hardening mortar), compact grouting equipment, and a special
construction process. In spite of the extremely restrictive environment, this method has been demonstrated to be very effective
and reasonable through laboratory and field tests. 相似文献
10.
Frost heave is an upward swelling of soil during cryogenic conditions in cold regions. It is caused by the accumulation of ice crystals in subgrade soil, which grow upwards when freezing temperatures penetrate into the subgrade. This study establishes the allowable soil subgrade frost heave based on the roughness standard of asphalt pavement in China, and aims to balance the pavement design and frost heave resistance of subgrades in cold regions. We formulated a mechanical model of pavement supported by the boundary conditions of differential frost heave, based on the elastic layered system theory. The differential soil subgrade frost heave was modeled as a sinusoidal function, and the allowable frost heave and the roughness index were modeled as the displacement boundaries for the top and bottom of the pavement structure. Then the allowable frost heave was back-calculated according to the roughness standard. Numerical results show that the allowable frost heave depends on the pavement structure, material properties, the highway grade, and other factors. In order to ensure that the actual soil subgrade frost heave is lower than the allowable frost heave, pavement structures and materials need to be selected and designed carefully. The numerical method proposed here can be applied to establish the frost heave resistance of subgrade when the pavement structure and materials are determined. 相似文献
11.
Frost susceptibility should be considered in the design and construction of foundations and retaining-wall structures in regions with the seasonally freezing-soil ground condition. When planning construction that goes deep into this soil, one has to understand the impact of horizontal forces to an underground wall and realize the potential effect of frost heaving upon, deep foundations. This article presents a few soil tests for frost heaving and the results of those tests show dangerous data for retaining structures under the soil conditions in Kazakhstan. The main parameters of the soil include frost penetration and heaving rate and amount. So, in designing underground structures, one must understand and consider that frost heaving occurs in various directions; this factor is very important for predicting on the restriction of deformations of structures in the seasonally freezing-soil ground condition. 相似文献
12.
Ground temperatures from four of the seven extensively studied highway cross-sections near Gulkana/Glennallen,Alaska during 1954~1962,were chosen to better understand the impacts of highway construction on warm permafrost.Both the thawing of permafrost and seasonal frost action impacted on road surface stability for about 6 years until the maximum summer thaw reached about 3 m in depth.Seasonal frost action caused most of the ensuing stability problems.Unusually warm summers and the lengths of time required to re-freeze the active layer were far more important than the average annual air temperatures in determining the temperatures of the underlying shallow permafrost,or the development of taliks.The hypothesized climate warming would slightly and gradually deepen the active layer and the developed under-lying talik,but its effect would be obscured by unusually warm summers,by warmer than usual winters,and by the vari-able lengths of time of the zero curtains.At least one period of climate mini-cooling in the deeper permafrost during the early 20th century was noted. 相似文献
13.
Frost heave is one of the main freezing problems for construction in permafrost regions.The Konrad-Morgenstern segregation potential（SP） model is being used in practice for frost heave using numerical techniques.However,the heat release from in-situ and migrated water in the freezing zone could result in some numerical instability,so the simulation of frost fringe is not ideal.In this study,a semi-analytical solution is developed for frost heave prediction of clay soil.The prediction results to the two tests with different freezing mode with clay soil agree well with the tested behavior,which indicates the feasibility of the solution. 相似文献
14.
In the cold regions of northern China, incidents of municipal underground gas pipeline rupture and leakage occur quite frequently,
most often in winter. To prevent harm to citizen safety and property, analysis of the causes of such cracking and leakage is therefore
valuable. Two incident analyses are discussed here and the reasons why most of these types of cases occur during winter are clarified.
The effects of vehicle loadings above buried pipelines are calculated and compared with the effects and calculations of frost heaving
forces. We demonstrate that when the soil layer above a pipeline freezes rapidly, the soil generates repeated frost heaving, which exerts
heaving forces on the pipeline that can result in fatigue crack propagation and ultimate pipeline failure. Therefore, the incident induced
by frost heaving is one of the primary reasons of gas pipeline failure. Based on these analyses, we present some recommendations
pertaining to the proper design, construction, and management of gas pipelines. 相似文献
15.
利用2015年9月采自青海北霍布逊湖区的原土样,自行配比进行了室内盐渍细砂土冻胀试验,研究了低干密度盐渍细砂土的低温特性变化规律,探讨了盐渍细砂土的冻胀机理,集中分析了土的冻缩特性。研究发现低干密度盐渍细砂土在不同含水率条件下土的冻胀规律差异很大。低含水率条件下会有冻缩现象,高含水率条件下只会有冻胀现象,临界含水率（含水率14%）条件下细砂土先出现冻缩,之后随着温度的降低又出现冻胀,且由于温度引起的体积变化均在-28℃～-30℃时达到稳定;土的冻缩随着含盐量增加先呈递增趋势,后又呈递减趋势,在中间含盐量10%达到最大;除临界含水率条件下,盐渍细砂土的冻胀、冻缩均与温度呈三次多项式关系,与含水率呈线性关系。研究结果能够为盐渍土地区的工程建设提供有价值的理论依据。 相似文献
16.
DaiChao Sheng 《寒旱区科学》2021,13(2):87-94
Frost susceptibility is a concept widely used in cold region geotechnical design, to quantify the capacity of a soil in generating frost heave and frost damage. The laboratory test used to verify frost susceptibility of a soil is based on the measurement of frost heave generated in the soil under specific conditions. In reality this concept is, however, more related to the soil's potential to thaw weakening than to frost heave. Recent experimental studies show that frost non-susceptible soils like clean sand and clean gavel can also generate much ice segregation and frost heave if the conditions are favourable, hence challenging the usefulness and suitability of soil classification based on frost susceptibility. It is further shown that the concept is not suitable for design scenarios where frost heave itself is a serious hazard, such as in high-speed rail embankments. 相似文献
17.
A new experiment method is introduced to study the relations between frost heaving strain and stress of soil or fracture rock under different moisture contents, temperatures and stress states. Based on experiments, a new triaxial frost heaving stress-strain relation is presented aiming at tunnel in cold regions. The experimental equipments are strain-controlled and low temperature buildup, and different restrained conditions are controlled by changing the stiffness of a test-force-ring. Then the frost heaving strain and stress of soil or fracture rock can be obtained under different restrained conditions, and the frost heaving stress-strain relation can be got by regression analysis of some feature points. Experiments of saturated sandy soil conducted by this method show that the triaxial frost heaving stress-strain relation could be expressed by logarithmic curves, and the frost heaving stress changes linearly with the logarithm of the frost heaving strain. The stronger the constraint, the smaller the frost heaving strain and the larger the frost heaving stresses. The frost heaving stresses would tend to a limit value with increasing the constraint intensity. The larger the confining pressure, the larger the frost heaving strain and stress. 相似文献
18.
近50年中国温带季风区植物花期春季霜冻风险变化 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
中国温带季风区是我国重要的农业区,春季霜冻常对该地区的植物造成严重的损害。本文利用“中国物候观测网”12 个站点的物候观测数据和对应站点气象资料,应用物候模型方法,对1963-2009 年各站点的霜冻频次和多种木本植物的始花期进行了分析,并对植物在花期的霜冻风险进行了评估。结果表明,1963-2009 年,研究区内东北地区和华北地区的始花期分别以-1.52 天/10a (P < 0.01) 和-2.22 天/10a (P < 0.01) 的速度提前。在同一时段,研究区春季霜冻日数显著减少,终霜冻日显著提前。综合考虑花期和霜冻频次的变化,霜冻风险指数,即木本植物花期受到霜冻的物种数占调查总数的百分比,在东北地区以-0.37%/10a 的速度降低(不显著);而在华北地区,霜冻风险指数则以-1.80%/10a 的速度显著下降(P < 0.01)。这表明过去半个世纪研究区植物花期霜冻风险在降低,且存在显著的区域差异。该结论可为农业和森林管理者制订应对春季霜冻害的决策提供参考。 相似文献
19.
1951年以来中国无霜期的变化趋势 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
准确界定无霜期及初、终霜日的时空变化是减少气候变化对农业生产的危害、有效提升农业适应性的重要内容。根据1951年以来国内824个气象站点日最低气温资料,分析初、终霜日和无霜期在全国的分布特征,采用累积距平和线性倾向估计模拟三者的变化趋势,并对无霜期进行突变检验。结果显示：① 中国无霜期随纬度增加或海拔升高而减少,无霜期的年际波动幅度随纬度增加或随海拔降低而减少。② 中国80%以上区域呈现初霜日推后、终霜日提前和无霜期延长的趋势,且三者的变化幅度均是北方大于南方、东部大于西部。③ 中国多数农区无霜期延长是初霜日推后和终霜日提前共同影响,而西南区和长江中下游区部分地区无霜期延长是初霜日的推后幅度大于终霜日的推后幅度或终霜日的提前幅度大于初霜日的提前幅度。④ 中国过半区域无霜期在1980s和1990s发生突变。突变集中分布在东北区中西部、内蒙及长城沿线区、黄淮海区、青藏区和甘新区;突变时间上,东部农区和西部农区无霜期分别在1980s和1990s突变。 相似文献
20.
利用1961—2017年北疆37个地面气象站逐日最低气温观测资料,结合常规气象统计方法,分析北疆地区初、终霜日和霜期的时空演变特征。结果表明:(1)北疆平均初霜日以2.2 d·(10a)-1速率推迟;平均终霜日以1.7 d·(10a)-1速率提前;平均霜期以3.9 d·(10a)-1速率缩短;初、终霜日和霜期的主周期均为2 a左右。(2)北疆霜期缩短趋势较大(小)的地区,能较好的对应其初霜日推迟、终霜日提前较强(弱),伊犁州、塔城地区北部及东天山东北部霜期的缩短趋势最为显著,博州至天山北坡一线居中,阿勒泰地区霜期的缩短趋势最弱。(3)北疆大部分地区初霜日的变化趋势与海拔高度有很好的相关性,其初霜日的推迟速度随海拔高度的增加而减小,垂直递减率为-0.077 d·(a·km)-1;秋季气候变暖是初霜日推迟的主要原因,春、秋季气候变暖同时影响霜期缩短,且秋季的影响更大。 相似文献