共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
1.
目前三维地层表面建模方法构建的三维地层模型上表面粗糙,与地形不一致.在分析当前建模方法缺陷的基础上,基于多层DEM建模思想,提出了利用DEM修正主TIN的建模方法;该方法可保证模型与地形的空间一致性,实现模型与地理数据的一体化显示.并提出了利用虚拟钻孔进行剖面图离散化处理,将建模数据源统一为钻孔数据,从而将剖面图融入实际建模流程,解决了单一钻孔数据导致建模结果不精确及模型无法修正的问题,也简化了多源数据导致建模方法复杂的问题.最后以合肥市某区为例,展示了该方法的实现过程及建模效果. 相似文献
2.
基于钻孔的三维地质模型快速构建及更新 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
明镜 《地理与地理信息科学》2012,28(5):55-59,113
为利用钻孔数据快速构建三维地质模型并进一步提高模型合理性和数据质量,提出了基于钻孔的三维地质模型快速构建及更新方法.利用基于层位标定的钻孔数据快速解译方法完成原始钻孔中地层分界点的编号之后,实现了三维模型的自动构建;通过在约束条件下调整层面虚拟控制点,完成了模型的交互式调整,并能根据调整结果自动更新三维模型.该方法在建模实际案例中的成功应用,证明其能够很好地处理工程实践中的复杂问题,提高了建模效率及模型质量. 相似文献
3.
城市三维地层建模中虚拟孔的引入与实现 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11
该文引入“虚拟孔”的概念并将其应用到实际的城市三维地层建模流程。在建模过程中,用户可以根据实际工作需要,结合对地质模型的理解,在特定位置处加入适当数目的虚拟孔,并将其与实际的钻孔数据一起约束到模型中,从而构建精细的三维地层实体模型,有效满足实际工程的要求。通过一个建模实例,比较了引入虚拟孔前后的建模效果,表明应用虚拟孔建模具有很强的灵活性、直观性和可操作性。 相似文献
4.
基于虚拟钻孔的工程地质三维剖切的实现 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
梁师俊 《地理与地理信息科学》2010,26(1)
给出工程地质数据库的结构,并利用标准地层层序表和钻孔数据,根据层面TIN模型,建立了工程地质三维模型;在此基础上提出一种实用的工程地质三维剖切的实施方法,该方法通过剖切平面与层面TIN边的交点生成虚拟钻孔,把虚拟钻孔所在的地质剖面作为约束条件,将虚拟钻孔和实测钻孔一起重新构建层面TIN模型,并实现工程地质三维剖切。该方法简易可行,对层状地质结构的三维剖切效果较好,能满足工程地质分析和地质解释等应用的实际需要。 相似文献
5.
基于钻孔数据和交叉折剖面约束的三维地层建模方法研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
提出基于钻孔数据和交叉折剖面约束的三维地层建模方法,解决了单纯基于钻孔数据建模方法中无法控制钻孔间复杂的地质现象等问题.在该方法中,还利用道格拉斯一普克(Douglas-Poiker)矢量曲线抽稀算法对交叉折剖面中的矢量地层曲线进行了处理,消去了光滑曲线上对模型质量无影响的密集顶点,避免了在剖面线处Delaunay三角剖分出现过多非正三角形,从而提高了整个模型的精度.在"杭州市城市地质信息管理与服务系统"中应用该方法取得较好的效果. 相似文献
6.
《地理与地理信息科学》2016,(4)
在城市地质三维模型构建中,数据来源庞杂,且不同应用领域对模型精度的要求不同。当前地质体三维模型构建技术还无法很好地支持大范围复杂地质结构模型的快速构建,建模过程繁杂,并影响后续地质分析工作的开展。为了解决这一问题,该文面向三维城市地质调查工作,提出了一种知识驱动的多尺度三维地质体模型快速构建方法。以专家知识为指导,通过对研究区域进行盆地分析和古沉积环境分析,建立了研究区域内符合城市地质要求的沉积地层分层标准,摸清了时代内沉积相和沉积微相的空间分布。在此基础上,融合多源多类地质数据,运用Kriging插值、多约束条件Delaunay三角剖分与局部拓扑重构技术,详细探讨了从钻孔与剖面数据→地层格架面→三维地质体模型的快速构建过程。该方法已在中国地质调查局试点项目"闽江口地区地质环境调查"项目中得到应用,并集成在QuantyView3D系列地矿应用软件中。 相似文献
7.
针对ArcGIS软件复杂钻孔三维精细地质模型自动构建研究存在的不足,该文在简要分析MultiPatch三维空间数据模型和深入研究复杂钻孔三维空间精确定位方法的基础上,探讨了基于ArcGIS Engine的复杂钻孔三维精细地质模型自动构建工作流程,并从空间精确定位、属性精细表达两个层面对钻孔三维精细地质模型构建算法进行了设计与实现.经软件功能研发及实际应用检验表明,该研究能够有效实现复杂钻孔精细地质属性特征的三维空间精确定位及多尺度精细表达,为应用ArcGIS Engine自动构建复杂钻孔三维精细地质模型提供了一种新的有效途径,也可为基于ArcGIS Engine的复杂地质体三维可视化建模及精细地质属性表达研究提供应用借鉴. 相似文献
8.
基于知识的地质剖面图生成器研究和实现 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
三维数据的获取一直是地质体可视化的难点,三维剖面建模技术通过二维的剖面图来描述地层等信息,将三维问题二维化,为三维数据获取提供了解决方案。但在利用计算机自动绘制剖面图的过程中,不但需要钻孔数据,还需要利用专家知识来绘制剖面图,因此提出将已有的专家手工绘制的剖面图作为一个重要的数据来源,生成虚拟钻孔数据,获取剖面生成知识。在此基础上,给出基于知识的剖面器开发方法,研究剖面图的数据模型和知识应用模型,并给出剖面图生成实例。 相似文献
9.
在三维地层建模过程中,一些复杂的地质构造(如倒转褶皱)往往需要人工干预才能生成正确的模型。针对地质体的特点,提出一种三棱柱模型的改进算法,将核心序列优先等方法运用于建模过程,同时运用虚拟钻孔柱的方法处理尖灭,在无需人工干预的情况下较好地实现了对复杂地层倒转现象的模拟。 相似文献
10.
《地理与地理信息科学》2016,(2)
为了展现地裂缝在地表和地下的形态特征,该文提出了一种基于广义三棱柱模型的地裂缝三维建模方法。首先提出假设对地裂缝进行概化,利用有限的地裂缝数据建立地裂缝模型,展现地裂缝地表及地下形态特征;然后利用地层数据建立地质体模型,并通过其与地裂缝模型间的空间布尔运算得到地质体-地裂缝集成模型。地质体-地裂缝集成模型空间拓扑关系明确,能够为后续空间查询、分析研究工作提供支持。最后研究利用该方法通过计算机编程实现了对无锡市洛社镇石塘湾因果岸村地裂缝的自动建模,并利用OpenGL绘制模型实现地裂缝地质体的三维表达。 相似文献
11.
基于地层时序与属性语义的相邻钻孔地层连接与推理 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
相邻钻孔之间地层连接关系的判断与推理是基于钻孔数据的三维地学建模的关键。相邻钻孔之间地层的连接关系可分为基于年代地层单位的时序地层关系和基于地层属性的岩性地层关系两种;地层属性及其语义关系是岩性地层关系判断和细节地层连接的基础。相邻钻孔之间细节地层的岩性连接有对应、包含和尖灭3种,基于地层属性及其语义关系的地层连接关系推理有6种基本模式,设计了相应的地层连接推理算法。以徐州地区两个邻近地质区域的寒武纪钻孔数据为例,在GeoMo3D平台上进行了地层连接与推理实验,验证了基于细节地层属性的语义关系进行连接推理的可行性与可靠性。 相似文献
12.
Katsuaki Koike Toshiaki Minta Shinya Ishizaka Michito Ohmi 《Natural Resources Research》1996,5(1):23-32
An application of a geotechnical database system for primary evaluation of ground-water resources in a sedimentary basin is proposed. The database consists of 1200 borehole logs including geologic columns,in situ test results, ground-water level, water quality data, and resistivity logs. The Kumamoto plain, situated in southwest Japan, is chosen as a study area. The evaluation process consists of two steps: (1) modeling of shapes of water-bearing strata, and (2) modeling of distribution of physical quantity which has some relationship with the porosity of those strata. In step (1), the shapes of upper and/or lower surface of the pyroclastic flow deposits and the andesitic lava were determined, whereas the three-dimensional distribution model of resistivity was constructed from resistivity logging data obtained from 100 boreholes and using the proposed interpolation method in the step (2). An empirical equation between the porosity and the resistivity of the lava was also identified. The integration of two types of model and the empirical equation contributed to an estimate of the total volume of the ground-water under the study area. 相似文献
13.
Geological structures introduce heterogeneity along deformed strata, which in turn exert a strong control on regional groundwater occurrences and water flow. We developed and applied procedures of structural, borehole and direct current resistivity (DCR) data to (1) figure out a reliable structural model of a fault-related dome, (2) visualize the relationship between structural complexity and aquifers geometry and (3) characterize the fault damage zones and its related sealing potentialities. The present approach was applied at the northern Eastern Desert, Egypt, considering its complex deformation history. To alleviate the uncertainties and artifacts in solving the DCR inverse problem, advanced and non-conventional inversion schemes were applied. Moreover, fault seal potentialities were assessed by applying the shale gouge ratio (SGR) estimation to predict the groundwater pathway flow. The main findings include: (a) The DCR measurements can be considered as a complementary tool to visualize the relationship between subsurface structures and aquifers geometry at highly deformed areas; (b) detailed surface structural data analysis combined with sophisticated inversion algorithms application can increase the reliability of the constructed geo-electrical cross sections for deep and large-scale geological surveys; and (c) the structural modeling of geological units and faults distribution contributes to clarify hydrogeological settings and aquifers connectivity. The approach can be readily applied elsewhere, as long as detailed structural analysis, geometric parameters and high-resolution DCR resistivity data are available.
相似文献14.
三维矿床模型及可视化研究是我国"数字化矿山"进程中的热点,本文应用数字化矿山软件Surpac,针对某钼矿66个钻孔数据进行三维矿床模型的构建,最终在三维可视化模型的基础上进行了钼矿资源储量估算。与传统计算方法对比结果表明,Surpac软件三维模型所计算的结果准确可靠,且该模型可依据品位的变化进行矿体的动态圈定。 相似文献
15.
Stuart Hardy 《Basin Research》2019,31(3):584-599
Extensional fault‐propagation folds are now recognised as being an important part of basin structure and development. They have a very distinctive expression, often presenting an upward‐widening monocline, which is subsequently breached by an underlying, propagating fault. Growth strata, if present, are thought to provide a crucial insight into the manner in which such structures grow in space and time. However, interpreting their stratigraphic signal is neither straightforward nor unique. Both analogue and numerical models can provide some insight into fold growth. In particular, the trishear kinematic model has been widely adopted to explain many aspects of the evolution and geometry of such fault‐propagation folds. However, in some cases the materials/rheologies used to represent the cover do not reproduce the key geometric/stratigraphic features of such folds seen in nature. This appears to arise from such studies not addressing adequately the very heterogenous mechanical stratigraphy seen in many sedimentary covers. In particular, flexural slip between beds/layers is often not explicitly modelled but, paradoxically, it appears to be an important deformation mechanism operative in such settings. Here, I present a 2D discrete element model of extensional fault‐propagation folding which explicitly includes flexural slip between predefined sedimentary units or layers in the cover. The model also includes growth strata and shows how they may reflect the various evolutionary stages of fold and fault growth. When flexural slip is included in the modelling scheme, the resultant breached monoclines and their growth strata are strikingly similar to some of those seen in nature. Results are also compared with those obtained using simple, homogeneous, frictional‐cohesive and elastic cover materials. Both un‐lithified and lithified growth strata are considered and clearly show that, rather than just being passive recorders of structural evolution, growth strata can themselves have an important effect on fault‐related fold growth. Implications for the evolution of and strain within, the resultant growth structures are discussed. A final focus of this study is the relationship that trishear might have with the upward‐widening zone of flexural slip activation away from a fault tip singularity. 相似文献
16.
Structural style and evolution of a salt‐influenced rift basin margin; the impact of variations in salt composition and the role of polyphase extension 
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下载免费PDF全文 Because salt can decouple sub‐ and supra‐salt deformation, the structural style and evolution of salt‐influenced rifts differs from those developed in megoscopically homogenous and brittle crust. Our understanding of the structural style and evolution of salt‐influenced rifts comes from scaled physical models, or subsurface‐based studies that have utilised moderate‐quality 2D seismic reflection data. Relatively few studies have used high‐quality 3D seismic reflection data, constrained by borehole data, to explicitly focus on the role that along‐strike displacement variations on sub‐salt fault systems, or changes in salt composition and thickness, play in controlling the four‐dimensional evolution of supra‐salt structural styles. In this study, we use 3D seismic reflection and borehole data from the Sele High Fault System (SHFS), offshore Norway to determine how rift‐related relief controlled the thickness and lithology of an Upper Permian salt‐bearing layer (Zechstein Supergroup), and how the associated variations in the mechanical properties of this unit influenced the degree of coupling between sub‐ and supra‐salt deformation during subsequent extension. Seismic and borehole data indicate that the Zechstein Supergroup is thin, carbonate‐dominated and immobile at the footwall apex, but thick, halite‐dominated and relatively mobile in high accommodation areas, such as near the lateral fault tips and in the immediate hangingwall of the fault system. We infer that these variations reflect bathymetric changes related to either syn‐depositional (i.e. Late Permian) growth of the SHFS or underfilled, fault scarp‐related relief inherited from a preceding (i.e. Early Permian) rift phase. After a period of tectonic quiescence in the Early Triassic, regional extension during the Late Triassic triggered halokinesis and growth of a fault‐parallel salt wall, which was followed by mild extension in the Jurassic and forced folding of Triassic overburden above the fault systems upper tip. During the Early Cretaceous, basement‐involved extension resulted in noncoaxial tilting of the footwall, and the development of an supra‐salt normal fault array, which was restricted to footwall areas underlain by relatively thick mobile salt; in contrast, at the footwall apex, no deformation occurred because salt was thin and immobile. The results of our study demonstrate close coupling between tectonics, salt deposition and the style of overburden deformation for >180 Myr of the rift history. Furthermore, we show that rift basin tectono‐stratigraphic models based on relatively megascopically homogeneous and brittle crust do not appropriately describe the range of structural styles that occur in salt‐influenced rifts. 相似文献
17.
三维含拓扑地质剖面三角剖分可视化研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
三维剖面是地质对象表达和地质问题分析中最基本和最常用的数据。该文分析三维复杂地质折剖面可视化存在的问题,并提出展开剖分算法。该方法保证了各点之间的水平距离与剖面拓扑关系不变,能够对由"多边形-弧段-结点"矢量结构构成的三维折剖面进行有效剖分。在此基础上实现了三维剖面的可视化,尤其合理解决了纹理映射中的纹理变形与重复接缝等问题。 相似文献
18.
Normal fault array evolution above a reactivated rift fabric; a subsurface example from the northern Horda Platform,Norwegian North Sea 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The impact of a pre‐existing rift fabric on normal fault array evolution during a subsequent phase of lithospheric extension is investigated using 2‐D and 3‐D seismic reflection, and borehole data from the northern Horda Platform, Norwegian North Sea. Two fault populations are developed: (i) a population comprising relatively tall (>2 km), N‐S‐striking faults, which have >1.5 km of throw. These faults are up to 60 km long, penetrate down into crystalline basement and bound the eastern margins of 6–15 km wide half‐graben, which contain >3 km of pre‐Jurassic, likely Permo–Triassic, but possibly Devonian syn‐rift strata; and (ii) a population comprising vertically restricted (<1 km), NW‐SE‐striking faults, which are more closely spaced (0.5–5 km), have lower displacements (30–100 m) and not as long (2–10 km) as those in the N–S‐striking population. The NW‐SE‐striking population typically occurs between the N‐S‐striking population, and may terminate against or cross‐cut the larger structures. NW–SE‐striking faults do not bound pre‐Jurassic half‐graben and are largely restricted to the Jurassic‐to‐Cretaceous succession. Seismic‐stratigraphic observations, and the stratigraphic position of the fault tips in both fault populations, allow us to reconstruct the Late Jurassic‐to‐Early Cretaceous growth history of the northern Horda Platform fault array. We suggest the large, N‐S‐striking population was active during the Permo–Triassic and possibly earlier (Devonian?), before becoming inactive and buried during the Early and Middle Jurassic. After a period of relative tectonic quiescence, the N‐S‐striking, pre‐Jurassic fault population propagated through the Early‐Middle Jurassic cover and individual fault systems rapidly (within <10 Ma) established their maximum length in response to Late Jurassic extension. These fault systems became the dominant structures in the newly formed fault array and defined the locations of the main, Late Jurassic‐to‐Early Cretaceous, syn‐rift depocentres. Late Jurassic extension was also accommodated by broadly synchronous growth of the NW‐SE‐striking fault population; the eventual death of this population occurred in response to the localization of strain onto the N–S‐striking fault population. Our study demonstrates that the inheritance of a pre‐existing rift fabric can influence the geometry and growth of individual fault systems and the fault array as a whole. On the basis of observations made in this study, we present a conceptual model that highlights the influence of a pre‐existing rift fabric on fault array evolution in polyphase rifts. 相似文献
19.
Three‐dimensional (3D) numerical modelling of fault displacement enables the building of geological models to represent the complex 3D geometry and geological properties of faulted sedimentary basins. Using these models, cross‐fault juxtaposition relationships are predicted in 3D space and through time, based on the geometries of strata that are cut by faults. Forward modelling of fault development allows a 3D prediction of fault‐zone argillaceous smear using a 3D application of the Shale Gouge Ratio. Numerical models of the Artemis Field, Southern North Sea, UK and the Moab Fault, Utah, USA are used to demonstrate the developed techniques and compare them to traditional one‐ and two‐dimensional solutions. These examples demonstrate that a 3D analysis leads to significant improvements in the prediction of fault seal, the analysis of the interaction of the sealing properties of multiple faults, and the interpretation of fault seal within the context of sedimentary basin geometry. 相似文献