共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 93 毫秒
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滑坡稳定性判别的非计算方法 总被引：2，自引：6，他引：2
用计算来确定滑坡的稳定性，由于参数选取存不确定因素，就必然导致了其计算结果的不确定性。而滑坡稳定性判别的非计算方法，是通过对滑坡发育程度、形成条件的综合分析来确定滑坡的稳定程度的方法。文中通过归纳分析波坡的形成条件，然后从滑坡地貌条件、动力作用、堆积物特征、诱发因素等方面详细阐述了滑坡稳定性判别的方法，最后，例举了川藏公路102滑坡实例对该方法进行了验证。实践证明该方法是滑坡稳定性中非常实用和有效的方法。 相似文献
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黑方台黄土滑坡类型与发育规律 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
20世纪60年代末期,为了安置刘家峡、盐锅峡库区移民,在黑方台建成了提水灌溉工程,造成地下水位上升,诱发了大量黄土滑坡.作者于2006-04～2007-09先后对黑方台黄土滑坡进行了野外调查.利用IKONOS影像对黄土滑坡进行了遥感解译,将其与研究区数字高程模型(DEM)进行叠加再现了滑坡场景.基于以上工作,首先对黑方台黄土滑坡进行了较为系统的分类,包括黄土泥流、黄土滑动、黄土-泥岩接触面滑坡、黄土-泥岩顺层滑坡和黄土-泥岩切层滑坡.黄土泥流集中发育于野狐狗北部凹地形处;黄土-泥岩滑坡受基岩倾向控制,分布于坡向150°～200°的塬边地段.农业灌溉补给地下水的增湿、软化作用是黑方台黄土滑坡的根本诱发原因.对黑方台黄土滑坡机制的研究进行了展望. 相似文献
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川藏公路拉月滑坡破坏过程模型试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
拉月滑坡是川藏公路线上典型的岩质滑坡。拉月一带斜坡岩体中节理裂隙十分发育,节理、裂隙间相互切割、组合,形成具不同块状结构特征的岩体,特别是不同结构特征的岩石块体相互嵌合,形成具不同稳定状况的的岩体结构。拉月滑坡的发生机理是因块状破坏而引发的滑坡,拉月滑坡破坏过程模型试验就是从机理上分析滑坡的发生过程。拉月滑坡模型试验采用了相似材料模型试验方法,建立相似的试验模型,重现滑坡体的受力状态、变形和破坏过程。 相似文献
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川藏公路龙胆溪1#滑坡的演变 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
特大型滑坡如同其它事物一样经历着从发育、成长到灭亡以致循环往复的演变过程。本文从代表性的川藏公路龙胆溪特大型滑坡的发育机理研究出发,分别通过地质力学模型试验、数值计算、工程结构与滑坡的相互作用分析、大规模立体原位测试等多种手段,模拟、数据展现和结构调控了该滑坡的发育演变过程。为藏区的减灾环保和我国西部建设的发展作一些科学的储备。 相似文献
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张溪滑坡--台风诱发滑坡成因分析 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
14号台风“云娜”造成我国东部沿海地区发生多处滑坡地质灾害,张溪滑坡便是其中个案。通过对张溪滑坡成因进行分析,得出了张溪滑坡是在一定厚度覆盖层、特定地形条件、植被条件下,台风风力加载作用及暴雨的淘蚀、软化、增重等一系列过程共同作用下滑动失稳的滑坡。它与暴雨型滑坡的形成机理有显著不同,这一分析成果对类似滑坡的研究和防治具有一定的意义。 相似文献
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本区规模较大的崩塌、滑地和泥石流,多集中分布在雷波、马边、宜宾、高县、兴文、筠连和古蔺等县境内。 1.滑坡 目前,区内体积达上千万立方米的滑坡只见2处,一为雷波县金沙江左岸的牛滚凼滑坡,另一是猫儿山滑坡;体积100万—500万立方米的滑坡见有5处,如喜捷滑坡、 相似文献
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在对汶川地震诱发的典型滑坡进行详细野外调查的基础上,根据滑坡的运动特点和运动方式的不同,将滑坡分为4种基本类型:滑动型滑坡、滑动-流动型滑坡、坠落-滑动型滑坡及坠落-弹射-滑动型滑坡,其中滑动型滑坡又按照滑动特点、物质组成特性以及滑体宏观破碎程度的不同,分为整体滑动型滑坡、碎裂滑动型滑坡和碎屑滑动型滑坡,并通过不同类型的典型滑坡实例对每一类滑坡的基本特征,特别是运动特征及运动过程进行了深入细致的分析.这不仅有助于更全面深入地认识地震滑坡的类型和特征,而且也为今后减轻和预防地震滑坡灾害提供了基础. 相似文献
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Modeling typhoon- and earthquake-induced landslides in a mountainous watershed using logistic regression 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4
Landslides can be caused by storms and earthquakes. Most logistic regression models proposed in recent years have been targeted at rainfall-induced landslides. In areas such as Taiwan, where landslides can be triggered by typhoons (tropical cyclones) and earthquakes, a rainfall-induced model is insufficient because it provides only a partial explanation of landslide occurrence and overlooks the potential effect of earthquakes on typhoon-triggered landslides. This study used landslides triggered by a major earthquake and a typhoon prior to the earthquake to develop an earthquake-induced model and a typhoon-induced model. The models were then validated by using landslides triggered by three typhoons after the earthquake. According to the results, typhoon-triggered landslides tended to be near stream channels and earthquake-triggered landslides were more likely to be near ridge lines. Moreover, a major earthquake could still affect the locations of typhoon-triggered landslides 6 years after the earthquake. This study therefore demonstrates that an earthquake-induced model both sheds light on the environmental factors for triggering landslides, and augments a rainfall-induced model in its predictive capability in areas such as Taiwan. 相似文献
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山地灾害研究的发展态势与任务 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
泥石流、滑坡等山地灾害已成为世界各国十分关注的自然灾害问题。据最近几年的国际学术会议,泥石流、滑坡研究的前沿领域是：泥石流、滑坡活动的地带性与全球气候变化的规律；泥石流、滑坡起动机理、动力学模型；泥石流、滑坡等山地灾害风险分析、发生时间预报；成灾机理与减灾防灾关键技术。国内研究较晚,但发展很快。经过近50 a的研究,涉及上述诸多研究颁域。但研究不深,还存在不少差距。据国内外研究态势,针对山地所实际,提出了在泥石流、滑坡理论创新和防治关键技术等研究方面12条任务。 相似文献
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岷江上游多级多期崩滑堵江事件初步研究 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7
本文研究了岷江上游地区较场-茂县-汶川长约100km河段上形成多级、多期大型滑坡堵江事件。研究表明，这类特殊的地质灾害有其发生发展的特殊的地质背景，它们造成的灾害和环境效应较一般的滑坡灾害更严重。有针对性对岷江上游这类灾害进一步深入研究是很必要的。 相似文献
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系统分析了近20年来广东省的滑坡活动特征。结果表明,广东省滑坡活动的时间分布规律主要受降水变化和人类工程活动的制约;滑坡活动呈现与暴雨过程及工程建设活动相关的同发性和滞后性、日内活动的夜发性、继承老滑坡活动的重复性、突发性和隐蔽性等特征。从区域性滑坡活动的时间分布规律看,具有明显的不稳定周期性和随机性,降雨作用是影响滑坡活动年际时间分布规律的主要因素;从滑坡年内活动的时间分布特征看,具有明显的季节性,集中在每年6-9月的雨季发生;从日内发生的具体时间看,以傍晚及夜间发生居多。研究滑坡活动的时间分布规律,对滑坡预警预报工作有重要的科学意义。 相似文献
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三峡库区山地灾害基本特征及滑坡与降水关系 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
分析三峡库区山地灾害的基本特征，着重讨论库区滑坡灾害与前期降水量的相关关系，运用Fisher判别法则建立该区滑坡发生的降水预报方程。结果表明，三峡库区山地灾害主要出现在雨季，7月发生最为频繁，灾害种类多样，主要以滑坡为主，降水是诱发山地灾害的主要因素；当日和前5d的暴雨日数、当日和前10d降水量与滑坡发生的关系最为密切，诱发库区滑坡灾害的主要降水类型为暴雨诱发型和多日中大雨诱发型；通过Fisher判别方法，以两个降水因子建立起的滑坡发生的预报方程，对于三峡库区滑坡发生具有一定的判别能力，为库区山地灾害的预防提供科学依据。 相似文献
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M. Heshmati J. Shamshuddin N.M. Majid M. Ghaituri 《Journal of Arid Environments》2011,75(11):1072-1082
Part of the mountainous semi-arid areas of Iran is geologically and topographically susceptible to landslides. A study was conducted at the Merek catchment, Iran which is geologically characterized by limestone, sandstone, shale and marls so as to determine the factors responsible for the occurrence of landslides. In this study, geomorphological units within the catchment were mapped by overlapping geological, topographical, land use and erosion data, using satellite image and GIS. Rocks and soils were sampled within each unit to determine their physico-chemical and mineralogical properties. It was found that landslides have affected about 15% of the Merek catchment and that their occurrence were promoted by unstable soils, being eroded at the rate of 18.57 t ha−1 yr−1. These landslides were initiated by crack formation in areas having smectite, a mineral which can swell and contract, depending on the availability of water. Smectite is the dominant mineral in about 80% of the area affected by landslides. Low aggregate stability in the topsoil further promotes the occurrence of landslides. Field verification showed that landslides occur mainly in the forest where the canopy cover is less than 15% with slope of 10-40%. Deforestation, overgrazing and improper tillage practices were found to accelerate landslides in this catchment. 相似文献
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A case study of coseismic landslides and post-seismic sedimentary impacts of landslides due to rainfall events was conducted in the Tachia River basin, Taichung County, central Taiwan. About 3000 coseismic landslides occurred in the basin during the ML 7.3 Chi-Chi earthquake in 1999. The deposits from these landslides provided material for numerous debris flows induced by subsequent rainfall events. The estimated 4.1 × 107 m3 of landslide debris produced in the upland area caused sediment deposition in riverbeds, and flash floods inundated downstream areas with sediment during torrential rains. The landslide frequency-size distributions for the coseismic landslides and the subsequent rainfall-induced landslides were analyzed to determine the sediment budgets of the post-seismic geomorphic response in the landslide-dominated basin. Both the coseismic and the rainfall-induced landslides show a power–law frequency-size distribution with a rollover. It was found that the rainfall-induced landslide magnitude was smaller than the coseismic one, and that both have comparable negative scaling exponents in cumulative form, of about − 2.0 for larger landslides (> 10− 2 km2). This may be attributed to ongoing movement or reactivation of old landslides, and a natural stabilisation of small landslides between 10− 4 and 10− 2 km2. It is proposed that the characteristics of geological formations and rainfall as well as changes in landslide area are reflected in the power–law distribution. 相似文献