共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
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中国l：100万地貌图编制研究任务，来源于“六五”国家科学发展规划的重点项目——农业自然条件、自然资源和农业区划研究和自然科学地学规划水土资潦和土地台理利用的基础研究。由中国l：00万地貌图编辑委员会领导这一全国性工作，有60多个单位参加协作，中国科学院地理研究所负责主持编定，现已完成第一批15幅地貌图和总图例表，近期由科学出版社公开出版发行。 相似文献
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合理的城市空间结构应该能够最大限度和最经济地分配、疏导与调节人流、物流和信息流在城市中心区内部、中心区和边缘区之间的空间布局与功能互动（管驰明和崔功豪,2003）。因而城市副中心的构建既应起到疏解中心城功能,缓解中心城区交通压力的作用,又应与中心城具有较为密切的交通联系,实现城乡统筹、功能互动。空间模式的构建要实现以下目的： 相似文献
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基于休闲需求的城市公园服务等级结构及空间布局特征——以广州市中心城区为例 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
基于城市居民休闲需求的角度,以广州市中心城区作为实证研究地,引入公园规模、公园景观、公用休闲功能、公园门票价格、公园建园时间、公园交通便捷度、公园综合配套服务、公园服务时间等指标来衡量城市公园的休闲服务等级结构.根据广州中心城区发展历史、城区常住人口密度、城区各区经济总量等指标,将广州市中心城区划分为旧城核心区、新城中心区、新城边缘区,城市常住人口高密集带、城市常住人口密集带、城市常住人口稀疏带,经济实力强区(萝岗区)、经济实力较强区(黄埔区、天河区、越秀区)、经济实力弱区(荔湾区、海珠区、白云区)等空间 相似文献
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《中华人民共和国地貌图集》的研究与编制 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
《中华人民共和国地貌图集(1∶100万)》是全面反映我国地貌宏观规律、揭示区域地貌空间分异的国家级基本比例尺基础性图集。本文回顾了我国地貌制图的发展历程,阐述了全国百万数字地貌遥感综合解译和地貌图集编制的过程,从图集内容结构、数值地貌分类体系、数据基础、地貌遥感解析技术、数字地貌数据库共享系统、地貌图图例系统、图集编制及印刷技术、图集蝴蝶装帧技术等方面详细分析了地貌图集的研究内容和编制特色。地貌图集研究成果已在全国土地调查、区域规划、环境保护和灾害监测等多个方面得到广泛应用。 相似文献
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山东南部景观生态特征研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以地貌和基质为基本线索,以植被为标志,建立了山东南部的景观生态分类系统。该系统为二级分类系统,包括７个景观型、１７个景观亚型。以景观亚型或景观亚型的组合为基本制图单位,以１：１００万土壤图为基础底图,参考多种比例尺的卫星照片、植被图、土地利用图、地貌图等,编制了山东南部１：１００万景观生态类型图;在景观生态类型图上量算了各景观亚型的面积,并且分析了山东南部主要景观型的生态问题,据此提出了相应的生态对策。 相似文献
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通过航片、地形图分析，结合野外实地考察资料，研究编制１：１０万巴丹吉林高大沙山典型区景观图的技术方法和图形分析，说明地貌发育成因过程。 相似文献
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陈志明系中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所研究员、博士生导师,于1958年南京大学地理系地貌学专业毕业。几十年来,陈志明研究员专注地貌图的编制、大区域构造地貌图的编制,在国际上多有合作,著述甚多。陈志明老师又一巨著《板块构造与地貌形迹--亚欧与太平洋造貌构造响应》出版(测绘出版社,2017年12月)。该著作是国家自然科学基金项目"亚洲及邻区陆海地貌全图与板块造貌构造图研制"的延伸。全书130多万字,分为上下两册精装,共1100页,书中各章附有参考文献642篇(本),其中英文俄文文献324篇(本)。 相似文献
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腾格里沙漠虽经过多次小规模专题考察,始终未见有沙漠专题地图编制出版,多数只作为专著中的插图加以表现。为此,编制《腾格里沙漠地貌图》显得十分重要,不仅能反映出腾格里沙漠的全貌,还能体现沙漠发展规律、演变特点、分布特征等。依据腾格里沙漠的图幅范围、地貌类型以及印刷纸张规格的要求,将《腾格里沙漠地貌图》的比例尺定为1∶40万。选用1∶25万地形图作为地理基础底图,采用1∶10万地形图作为沙丘符号编绘过渡性的工作底图,专题内容编绘以Google Earth影像资料为主。《腾格里沙漠地貌图》的地貌类型包括风积地貌、风蚀地貌以及其他地貌,其中风积地貌是重点展示的内容。根据腾格里沙漠地貌类型,在编图过程中共设计了16种形态结构类型符号,采用分层设色表示沙丘相对高度,用箭头符号表示沙丘移动方向。 相似文献
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1:25万《毛乌素风沙地貌图》的编制 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
风沙地貌图是认识和研究沙漠（沙地）最基本的图件。毛乌素沙漠沙丘类型复杂多样,对毛乌素沙漠风沙地貌进行详细划分,编制《毛乌素风沙地貌图》对深入研究毛乌素沙漠风沙地貌成因、分布和演化规律具有重要意义。根据编图范围和印刷纸张的要求,将《毛乌素风沙地貌图》的比例尺确定为1∶25万。选用1∶10万地形图作为基础资料,并以1∶5万地形图和1∶20万地质图作为补充资料;专题内容资料以landset-8卫星影像为主,结合Google Earth影像对部分细节内容进行补充。在形态成因相关分析的基础上建立地貌分类体系,将毛乌素沙漠地貌划分为风成地貌、湖成地貌、流水地貌、干燥地貌、黄土地貌和其他等6类,其中风成地貌是本图重点展示的内容。根据毛乌素沙漠的地貌特征,采用图例系统和地貌晕渲相结合的方法表示毛乌素沙漠的具体地貌类型,其中图例系统包括底色、符号、代码和注记等多种表示方法,地貌晕渲的使用增强了地貌的立体感,使地图看起来更加美观。 相似文献
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A review on anthropogenic geomorphology 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
With the continuous development of man’s ability to reshape nature, human activities have become the third geomorphologic agent in the modern geomorphological process. Man-made landform is a landform unit characterized by human activities and is a result of synergizing human and nature geomorphologic agents under the physical geographical background. This article provides an overview on the major progresses in research on anthropogenic geomorphology from aspects like the origin of anthropogenic geomorphology, man-made landform agents and classification, man-made landform evolution and its influencing mechanism, map presentation of man-made landform, and environmental impact of man-made landforms. In addition, in the article, the future development of anthropogenic geomorphology is forecasted. It is pointed out that future studies on anthropogenic geomorphology should pay more attention to the following directions: construction of discipline system of anthropogenic geomorphology, material composition and morphological features of man-made landforms, spatial expansion process and development laws of man-made landforms, regional disparity and accumulative environmental effects of man-made landforms, and environmental management on man-made landforms and comparative analyses of relevant international management policies. 相似文献
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Human activity has been recognized to be an important geomorphic agent, and the resulting changes to landforms and land cover are regarded as a global problem. Although there has been much research into the relationships between geomorphic processes and types of land use such as agriculture, mining, and urbanization, it is important to clarify spatiotemporal human impacts on topography on a regional scale when predicting future changes in land cover.This study examined changes in land use to clarify the distribution and impact of anthropogenic changes to landforms, as well as the influence of geology on the extent of these changes. In a case study from Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan, changes in land use over the last century were analyzed using a geographic information system (GIS). The study area, which covers approximately 4930 km2, has experienced urban development since 1950 and has a current population of over 5 million. Land use data were prepared using paper-based early editions of topographic maps. Subsequently, the distribution of anthropogenic landforms was evaluated by comparing landforms with regional geological data.GIS analysis using our prepared land use data, landform data, and regional geological data has clarified the following characteristics of the study area. (1) Land uses prior to 1950 were constrained by topographic relief. After 1950, land use was characterized by urban sprawl. Urban areas expanded and contained both higher elevations and steeper slopes at their margins. The relationships between land uses and landforms during this urbanization are unclear. (2) The area of urban land increased in the geological regions with Paleogene sedimentary rocks (PSD) and Mesozoic granitic rocks (GR) during the 20th century. The largest coal mining area in Japan was located in the PSD geological regions, and ancient iron working was common in the GR geological regions, particularly during the 7th century. This result indicates that the land use distribution, especially urban areas in sloping terrain, is related to the regional geology. (3) Deforestation related to land use resulted in steeper terrain in forest land in the PSD and GR geological regions. These changes to landforms in forest areas occurred as a result of rapid urban sprawl and have created many new boundaries between forest areas with steeper slopes and urban areas with gentler slopes. This phenomenon may have caused an increase in the frequency of sediment-related disasters.This case study indicates that predictions of anthropogenic changes to landform, which are important for the assessment of global climate change and natural hazards, must clarify the relationships between land uses, landforms, and regional geology. 相似文献
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1∶35万《库姆塔格沙漠地貌图》的编制 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3
沙漠地貌图是认识和研究沙漠的基础图件,编制《库姆塔格沙漠地貌图》是国家科技基础性工作专项“库姆塔格沙漠综合科学考察”内容之一。本文全面总结了《库姆塔格沙漠地貌图》编制的思路和技术。考虑到库姆塔格沙漠地貌类型、分布规律及其形成和演变的需要,以及印刷纸张规格的限定,《库姆塔格沙漠地貌图》比例尺确定为1∶35万。选用的地理基础底图为20世纪70年代的1∶25万地形图,并以1∶10万地形图上作等高线和其他重要地理内容的补充。专题内容以2000—2007年的TM卫星数据为主,部分细节内容以Google Earth影像资料作补充。地貌图专题内容包含地貌类型、高度以及活动性等3层信息。地貌类型包括风成地貌、流水地貌、干燥剥蚀地貌、冰川冰缘地貌以及其他地貌等5大类,其中风成地貌是《库姆塔格沙漠地貌图》重点展示的内容。风沙地貌共分为13种类型,以符号表示,沙丘高度通过分层设色表示,用箭头符号表示沙丘移动方向。为了真实反映沙丘类型及其排列规律,本图对主要沙丘（高度一般大于10 m）都是准确定位描绘,而由于制图比例尺的限制,对一些次要沙丘（高度一般小于10 m）未作定位描绘,仅作示意。由于库姆塔格沙漠发育于阿尔金山北麓的倾斜洪积平原上,所以,洪积扇和干河道也是本图重点反映的内容。《库姆塔格沙漠地貌图》尽量应用现代计算机制图和数字化技术,对可以数字化的信息全部数字化。本图为研究库姆塔格沙漠提供了丰富信息。 相似文献
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城市边缘区的定量分析及判定,对城市发展评价和规划,或是城市空间结构研究都具有重要意义。然而现有研究的边缘区判定指标选择过于单一,判定结果过于破碎,城市预设边界、水体及城市绿地对边缘区判定结果干扰大。针对上述问题,从自然、人口、社会经济的视角出发,以遥感影像、人口数据、POI大数据为数据基础,结合深度学习技术,构建基于多源数据和深度学习的城市边缘区判定方法,进行广州市城市边缘区判定及城市结构空间分布特征分析。结果表明：① 此方法能将城市划分为核心区-边缘区-外缘区,判定结果不会受到预设边界范围的影响,且消除了城市内部水体和城市绿地所造成的破碎化;② 城市边缘区与路网耦合良好;③ 广州市的城市核心区空间分布合理。综上所述,此方法能有效检测城市边缘地带,且结果符合实际情况,能为城市规划、政府决策提供参考。 相似文献
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简析城市地貌环境脆弱带 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
论述了城市地貌的脆弱性,分析了其脆弱带的特点,认为环境的变异敏感度高、持续利用性降低和对灾变的承受弹性减小是城市地貌环境脆弱带的重要特征。 相似文献
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Concerning about the rapid urban growth in recent China, this study takes Beijing as a case and puts forward that urban sprawl can be measured from spatial configuration, urban growth efficiency and external impacts, and then develops a geo-spatial indices system for measuring sprawl, a total of 13 indicators. In order to calculate these indices, different sources data are selected, including land use maps, former land use planning, land price and floor-area-ratio samples, digitized map of the highways and city centers, population and GDP statistical data, etc. Various GIS spatial analysis methods are used to spatialize these indices into 100m×100m cells. Besides, an integrated urban sprawl index is calculated by weight sum of these 13 indices. The application result indicates that geo-spatial indices system can capture most of the typical features and interior differentia of urban sprawl. Construction land in Beijing has kept fast growing with large amount, low efficiency and disordered spatial con-figuration, indicating a typical sprawling tendency. The following specific sprawl features are identified by each indicator: (1) typical spatial configuration of sprawling: obvious fragmenta-tion and irregularity of landscape due to unsuccessful enforcement of land use planning, unadvisable pattern of typical discontinuous development, strip development and leapfrog development; (2) low efficiency of sprawl: low development density, low population density and economic output in newly developed area; and (3) negative impacts on agriculture, en-vironment and city life. According to the integrated sprawl index, the sprawling amount in the northern part is larger than that in the southern, but the sprawling extent is in converse case; most sprawling area include the marginal area of the near suburbs and the area between highways, etc. Four sprawling patterns are identified: randomly expansion at urban fringe, strip development along or between highways, scattered development of industrial land, leapfrog development of urban residence and industrial area. 相似文献
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新疆的黄土地貌及其遥感判读具有不同于我国黄土高原地区的一些特点。根据参与“中国1∶1 000 000数字地貌制图（新疆片）”项目工作的实践和体会,从黄土地貌区的位置、色调与色彩、大小、形状、阴影、水系和纹理、植被和土壤、相关体、相关资料和野外经验等方面总结了7项关于新疆黄土地貌的遥感判读依据,并归纳了新疆黄土地貌与风沙、干燥、流水、冰缘、雅丹等地貌类型之间以及与部分特殊情况之间的一些鉴别特征。结果可为新疆未来的地貌制图及相关的科研与教学工作提供参考。 相似文献