共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
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目前,小波阈值去噪方法简单有效,已成为图像去噪领域中常用的去噪方法.但传统的小波阈值去噪方法存在一些缺点,在去除图像噪声的过程中会出现去噪不彻底、噪声残留和噪声误判的问题.本文首先利用小波边缘检测算法确定图像边缘特征的小波系数;然后,根据噪声的方差设置优化阈值函数去噪,即在以往统一阈值基础上加以修改,使阈值能随着分解尺度的变化而改变,对传统的软闽值和硬阈值的优点予以保留,改进它们的缺点,生成一种新的阈值函数,使它在处理小波系数时更加灵活.经过优化的小波阈值去噪后得到平滑图像;最后,把小波边缘检测图像镶嵌入平滑图像中.实验表明,与传统的小波阈值去噪方法相比,该算法解决了传统阈值函数在去噪过程中出现的问题,进行有效去噪的同时保留图像的细节,使图像更加清晰,提高了信噪比. 相似文献
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《国土资源遥感》2015,(4)
结合离散小波变换(discrete wavelet transform,DWT)与二维多级中值滤波(two-dimensional multi-stage median filtering,TMMF)算法,提出了一种遥感图像自适应去噪(de-noising)算法。该算法首先对噪声图像进行单层DWT,分出低频子图像和高频子图像,由于其中的低频子图像包含了大量背景信息,几乎不受噪声的污染,因而变换后仍保持原样无需再处理;对于高频子图像继续执行单层DWT,获得多方向分布的次低频子图像和次高频子图像;然后对次高频子图像采用改进的TMMF算法进行去噪,对次低频子图像采用改进的小波硬阈值函数模型进行噪声抑制;最后对上述去噪后的子图像进行二次小波重构,得到去噪后的遥感图像。采用3景细节信息丰富的遥感图像进行算法性能测试,并与TMMF算法、改进的TMMF算法以及小波变换硬阈值去噪算法进行比较,结果表明,基于双重离散小波变换算法的去噪性能有所提升。 相似文献
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用传统的边缘检测方法效果不理想,针对遥感图像中存在的噪声问题,提出了一种基于小波变换和多结构元素的数学形态学相结合的图像边缘检测方法。该方法充分利用小波多分辨率的特点,对图像进行去噪处理,然后用多结构元素灰度形态学的方法对图像的边缘进行检测。试验结果证明,此方法优于传统的边缘检测方法,具有边缘检测准确和良好的抗噪能力。 相似文献
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小波变换由于其良好的时频分离特性以及接近人类视觉系统的多分辨分析,在SAR图像的去噪和复原中得到了很好的应用,但是经典小波变换不具备平移不变性,且得到的高频分量的方向非常有限.复数小波变换是一种具有近似平移不变性、更多方向选择性且能够完全重构的双数正交小波变换,在图像去噪方面表现出更强的性能.建立了复数小波变换分解与重构的过程,并对分解后的实部和虚部图像的高频部分分别进行局部非线性软阈值法滤波.实验结果显示,复数小波变换较小波变换不仅滤除了更多的噪声,而且得到的图像边缘更加平滑. 相似文献
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利用小波分析改进Brovey遥感影像融合方法 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
Brovey变换的遥感图像融合方法要求高分辨率全色波段和多光谱波段的光谱响应范围要一致或相近,从而限制了遥感数据的融合,存在着融合图像受噪点影响大、高分辨率影像零星细节保留过多等缺点。文中针对以上问题,引入了小波分析的方法进行改进。首先在小波多分辨率基础上对高分辨率影像进行去噪及边缘增强,然后在小波分析基础上与多光谱影像进行融合。通过实验发现,改进后得到的融合图像与原方法融合图像相比,细节信息更为突出,整体信息更为丰富,基本达到了改进的目的。 相似文献
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Brovey变换的遥感图像融合方法要求高分辨率全色波段和多光谱波段的光谱响应范围要一致或相近,从而限制了遥感数据的融合,存在着融合图像受噪点影响大、高分辨率影像零星细节保留过多等缺点.文中针对以上问题,引入了小波分析的方法进行改进.首先在小波多分辨率基础上对高分辨率影像进行去噪及边缘增强,然后在小波分析基础上与多光谱影像进行融合.通过实验发现,改进后得到的融合图像与原方法融合图像相比,细节信息更为突出,整体信息更为丰富,基本达到了改进的目的. 相似文献
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Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
C. Bhuiyan R.P. Singh F.N. Kogan 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2006,8(4):289-302
The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw. 相似文献
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SVG是一种基于XML的用来描述二维矢量图形和矢量/栅格混合图形的标记语言,虽然SVG不是为了面向地理空间数据发布而制定的标准,但它的许多特性都能被广泛地应用到WebGIS中,从而实现矢量WebGIS。由于SVG通过简单的文本语句描述矢量图像,所以SVG通常数据量很小,并且SVG支持GZIP压缩,所以基于SVG构建WebGIS能减轻网络传输负载,加快地图显示速度。SVG内置了对JavaScript的支持,且SVG可通过DOM解析映像成内存中的树型结构,所以客户层可通过JavaScript对DOM的操作实现对地图的缩放、漫游、查询、图层控制等交互操作。 相似文献
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本文在讨论DDE技术的基础上，对MapInfo的DDE机制的实现作了探讨和分析。根据技园区域GIS的实际开发工作，介绍了利用DDE技术在MapInfo中成功地集成Foxpro和Autocad. 相似文献
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遥感技术在土地利用动态监测中的应用 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
金时华 《测绘与空间地理信息》2006,29(1):98-101
主要论述遥感技术在土地监测中的应用,以某地区土地利用动态遥感监测研究项目的运作过程为例进行阐述。首先介绍了土地利用动态监测的具体内容和技术路线。其次,对数据预处理与信息采集的方法与手段进行了探讨。最后,对作业的内、外业主要过程以及应提交的成果作了介绍。 相似文献
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Automatic 3D extraction of building roofs from remotely sensed data is important for many applications including city modelling. This paper proposes a new method for automatic 3D roof extraction through an effective integration of LIDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) data and multispectral orthoimagery. Using the ground height from a DEM (Digital Elevation Model), the raw LIDAR points are separated into two groups. The first group contains the ground points that are exploited to constitute a ‘ground mask’. The second group contains the non-ground points which are segmented using an innovative image line guided segmentation technique to extract the roof planes. The image lines are extracted from the grey-scale version of the orthoimage and then classified into several classes such as ‘ground’, ‘tree’, ‘roof edge’ and ‘roof ridge’ using the ground mask and colour and texture information from the orthoimagery. During segmentation of the non-ground LIDAR points, the lines from the latter two classes are used as baselines to locate the nearby LIDAR points of the neighbouring planes. For each plane a robust seed region is thereby defined using the nearby non-ground LIDAR points of a baseline and this region is iteratively grown to extract the complete roof plane. Finally, a newly proposed rule-based procedure is applied to remove planes constructed on trees. Experimental results show that the proposed method can successfully remove vegetation and so offers high extraction rates. 相似文献
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遥感和GIS技术应用于伊拉克南部Basrah省土地利用/覆盖变化及城市扩张研究(英文) 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
In recent years, land use/cover dynamic change has become a key subject that needs to be dealt with in the study of global
environmental change. In this paper, remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) are integrated to monitor, map,
and quantify the land use/cover change in the southern part of Iraq (Basrah Province was taken as a case) by using a 1:250
000 mapping scale. Remote sensing and GIS software were used to classify Landsat TM in 1990 and Landsat ETM+ in 2003 imagery
into five land use and land cover (LULC) classes: vegetation, sand, urban area, unused land, and water bodies. Supervised
classification and normalized difference build-up index (NDBI) were used respectively to retrieve its urban boundary. An accuracy
assessment was performed on the 2003 LULC map to determine the reliability of the map. Finally, GIS software was used to quantify
and illustrate the various LULC conversions that took place over the 13-year span of time. Results showed that the urban area
had increased by the rate of 1.2% per year, with area expansion from 3 299.1 km2 in 1990 to 3 794.9 km2 in 2003. Large vegetation area in the north and southeast were converted into urban construction land. The land use/cover
changes of Basrah Province were mainly caused by rapid development of the urban economy and population immigration from the
countryside. In addition, the former government policy of “returning farmland to transportation and huge expansion in military
camps” was the major driving force for vegetation land change. The paper concludes that remote sensing and GIS can be used
to create LULC maps. It also notes that the maps generated can be used to delineate the changes that take place over time.
Supported by the Al-Basrah University, Iraq, the Geo-information Science and Technology Program (No. IRT 0438)China). 相似文献
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地理数据库的关系模型及其实现 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文从以图论观点分析地理实体入手,系统阐述了地理数据库关系模型的设计法和过程。作者于1984年4～9月间在微型机上设计建立了关系型地理数据库的实方验系统(RGDB)。该系统采用了本文提出的关系模型,采用了可动态扩库的子库组合结构,这种结构具有灵活性和提高空间利用率的优点。RGDB含有多种功能的数据操作命令,除了具有一般检索功能外,还能进行“开窗”选取和十分“自由”的映象选取。本文对RGDB系统的主要性能和实现途径作了扼要介绍。 相似文献
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随着城市面貌日新月异,地下管网的建设也在持续推进,作为城市的地下“神经网络”,全天24 h保障城市的正常运转和发展。本文以实现城市管网管理系统的高可用、无插件、智能化为目标,采用“地上地下一体”“二三维一体”的设计理念,研究基于WebGL的三维智慧管网系统的关键技术,实现了管线设施管理的信息数字化、空间化与图形化。 相似文献
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We aim a better understanding of the effect of spring-time snow melt on the remotely sensed scene reflectance by using an extensive amount of optical spectral data obtained from an airborne hyperspectral campaign in Northern Finland. We investigate the behaviour of thin snow reflectance for different land cover types, such as open areas, boreal forests and treeless fells. Our results not only confirm the generally known fact that the reflectance of a melting thin snow layer is considerably lower than that of a thick snow layer, but we also present analyses of the reflectance variation over different land covers and in boreal forests as a function of canopy coverage. According to common knowledge, the highly variating reflectance spectra of partially transparent, most likely also contaminated thin snow pack weakens the performance of snow detection algorithms, in particular in the mapping of Fractional Snow Cover (FSC) during the end of the melting period. The obtained results directly support further development of the SCAmod algorithm for FSC retrieval, and can be likewise applied to develop other algorithms for optical satellite data (e.g. spectral unmixing methods), and to perform accuracy assessments for snow detection algorithms.A useful part of this work is the investigation of the competence of Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI) in snow detection in late spring, since it is widely used in snow mapping. We conclude, based on the spectral data analysis, that the NDSI -based snow mapping is more accurate in open areas than in forests. However, at the very end of the snow melting period the behavior of the NDSI becomes more unstable and unpredictable in non-forests with shallow snow, increasing the inaccuracy also in non-forested areas. For instance in peatbogs covered by melting snow layer (snow depth < 30 cm) the mean NDSI -0.6 was observed, having coefficient of variation as high as 70%, whereas for deeper snow packs the mean NDSI shows positive values. 相似文献