共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
珊瑚礁遥感研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
珊瑚礁是生物多样性和初级生产力最高的海洋生态系统之一,对人类社会与海洋生态环境的健康和可持续发展有重要作用,而珊瑚礁又是中国南海主要的国土类型,国家因此越来越重视对南海珊瑚礁的规划、管理、建设与保护。珊瑚礁的调查与探测则是进行珊瑚礁活动的基础与依据,而遥感则在珊瑚礁的大范围探测方面具有很大的潜力,所以国内外已经存在很多利用遥感对珊瑚礁进行调查与探测的研究与应用。本文将按照被动遥感和主动遥感的顺序,客观地阐述国内外珊瑚礁遥感研究与应用的进展,探讨珊瑚礁遥感研究与应用的发展趋势,并尝试总结中国珊瑚礁遥感的机遇和挑战。其中被动遥感包括珊瑚礁地形与水深的遥感、珊瑚礁底质与地貌的遥感、珊瑚礁岸线变化与稳定性的遥感以及珊瑚礁环境的遥感等,而主动遥感则包括珊瑚礁水深的机载激光雷达遥感、珊瑚礁地貌的船载声学遥感和珊瑚礁地形的星载微波遥感等。结果发现,国内珊瑚礁遥感研究与应用的整体水平落后于国外:虽然在部分数据处理方面具有比国外更先进的技术,但相应的应用基础研究仍然达不到国外的广度与深度。因此,国内的珊瑚礁遥感研究仍需要鼓励珊瑚礁学者更多的参与与合作,以便在硬件设备和数据处理等方面加强针对珊瑚礁遥感的研究,进而融合多种手段而实现珊瑚礁遥感的工程化应用。 相似文献
2.
珊瑚礁对于海洋生态环境研究具有重要意义,通过分析珊瑚礁底栖物质的分布及健康状况,可以对珊瑚礁生态环境进行评估。本文提出了一种基于面向对象的图像分类方法,通过试验确定不同地貌的最优分割尺度,其中陆地和深海的最优分割尺度为150,各类底栖物质的最优分割尺度为30。以Sentinel-2A卫星遥感影像为例,提取海南三亚珊瑚礁自然保护区的珊瑚礁底栖物质,并使用混淆矩阵对提取结果进行精度评估。结果表明,底栖物质提取总体分类精度为87.91%,Kappa系数为0.83。面向对象分类方法可有效结合珊瑚礁底栖物质的纹理特征和光谱特征,并充分利用遥感影像不同波段的组合特性,可为三亚珊瑚礁保护管理提供方法支撑。 相似文献
3.
Anjali Bahuguna Shailesh Nayak Dam Roy 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2008,10(2):229-1
Tsunami waves struck the Indian coast on 26th December 2004 affecting the Andaman and Nicobar group of islands. A quick assessment of the status of the vital coastal ecosystems has been made using pre- and post-tsunami Advance Wide Field Sensor (AWiFS) data of Indian satellite RESOURCESAT with an accuracy of 87–90% and the Kappa ranging from 0.8696 to 0.9053. Among the coastal ecosystems the coral reefs have suffered the maximum with the Nicobar reefs (69% eroded and 29% degraded) bearing the brunt more than the Andaman reefs (54% eroded and 22% degraded). Significant improvement to the condition of the reef damaged due to backwash has been noted. About 41% of the Sentinel reef area has undergone significant improvement. The continuance of the erosion of the southwestern Andaman reefs is due to the impact of recurring earthquakes. The impact on mangroves of both the groups of islands has been due to uprooting as well as inundation of seawater and resulting stagnation. Changes are expected in community structure of mangroves as a result of tsunami. 相似文献
4.
《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2013,50(2):251-274
New methods are needed for the study of coral reefs, as they are changing rapidly. Satellite remote sensing has become a common method for benthic mapping with advances in satellites and sensors and as methods are devised to account for atmospheric and water-column effects. Images from the QuickBird satellite have proven useful in reef mapping. Sand was distinguished from coral with an overall accuracy of 75% on the shallow reef off of the Caribbean island of Bonaire. Coral and sand had user accuracies of 50% and 90%, respectively. Increased samples of field-collected data would further increase the accuracies of such classifications. 相似文献
5.
E. P. Nobi E. Dilipan K. Sivakumar T. Thangaradjou 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2012,40(3):467-481
Seagrasses ecosystems are fragile yet highly productive ecosystems of the world showing declining trend throughout the world due to natural and anthropogenic pressures. Effective conservation and management plan is thus required to protect these resources, to aid with conservation need mapping and monitoring of seagrasses using high resolution remote sensing data is very much required. Hence, the present study was made to record the seagrass aerial cover in the Lakshadweep islands using IRS P6 LISS IV satellite data. The suitability of LISS IV sensor for seagrass mapping was tested for the first time with an overall accuracy of 73.16%. The study found an area of 2590.2?ha of seagrasses in Lakshadweep islands with 1310.8?ha and 1279.4?ha dense and sparse seagrass cover respectively. The study recommends the use of LISS IV data for mapping the shallow water seagrasses, as mapping efficiency increases nearly 4 times more than the LISS III data, as the former (LISS IV) picks up the small patches of seagrasses and delineates the coral and reef vegetation patches from seagrass class. 相似文献
6.
Martina Anelli Tommaso Julitta Luca Fallati Paolo Galli Micol Rossini Roberto Colombo 《国际地球制图》2019,34(5):459-472
Photogrammetry represents a non-destructive, cost-effective tool for coral reef monitoring, able to integrate traditional remote sensing techniques and support researchers’ work. However, its application to submerged habitats is still in early stage. We present new ways to employ Structure from Motion techniques to infer properties of reef habitats. In particular, we propose the use of Digital Surface Models and Digital Terrain Models for assessing coral colonies extension and height and discriminating between seabed and coral cover. Such information can be coupled with digital rugosity estimates to improve habitat characterization. DTM, DSM and orthophotos were derived and used to compute a series of metrics like coral morphologies, reef topography, coral cover and structural complexity. We show the potentialities offered by underwater photogrammetry and derived products to provide useful basic information for marine habitat mapping, opening the possibility to extend these methods for large-scale assessment and monitoring of coral reefs. 相似文献
7.
将可靠性理论引入到航天摄影测量中,研究卫星成像质量可靠性问题。提出了卫星成像可靠性即是在规定条件和时间内,卫星的成像质量达到规定要求的能力;卫星成像质量可靠性分为可靠性设计、测试、增长和保持4个部分,并对可靠性的分析方法和流程进行叙述。对国外主流光学/合成孔径雷达（synthetic aperture radar,SAR）卫星成像质量可靠性研究情况进行了概述,针对国产卫星成像质量可靠性进行初步的研究和分析,验证了卫星成像质量可靠性理论与方法在国产卫星应用的有效性。 相似文献
8.
星载合成孔径雷达（SAR）是一种工作在微波波段的主动式遥感器,它综合运用合成孔径技术、脉冲压缩技术和数据处理技术,采用较短的天线就能够获得方位和距离两个方向的高分辨率雷达图像。研制星载SAR系统的目的是获得具有一定测绘带宽和一定分辨率的地面目标图像,传统SAR模式不能同时满足高分辨率及较宽测绘带的要求。本文主要研究了多... 相似文献
9.
雷达遥感六十年：四个阶段的发展 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
雷达遥感问世60年来已经历了4个阶段的发展,其在对地观测中的作用正日益凸显,已经广泛应用于不同领域。4个阶段分别是单波段单极化阶段,多波段多极化阶段,极化和干涉阶段,以及以双/多站或星座、高时序高分宽幅、3维成像为代表的新阶段。本文结合作者长期在雷达遥感领域的研究经历,总结和回顾了雷达遥感的阶段发展和具有里程碑式的代表性技术;从观测技术、数据处理和应用角度阐述了新阶段雷达遥感的发展趋势,以及雷达遥感与人工智能和大数据结合的思考;最后着眼未来,介绍了月基雷达对地观测平台的前瞻性研究。 相似文献
10.
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data are of high interest for different applications in remote sensing specially land cover classification. SAR imaging is independent of solar illumination and weather conditions. It can even penetrate some of the Earth’s surface materials to return information about subsurface features. However, the response of radar is more a function of geometry and structure than a surface reflection occurs in optical images. In addition, the backscatter of objects in the microwave range depends on the frequency of the band used, and the grey values in SAR images are different from the usual assumption of the spectral reflectance of the Earth’s surface. Consequently, SAR imaging is often used as a complementary technique to traditional optical remote sensing. This study presents different ensemble systems for multisensor fusion of SAR, multispectral and LiDAR data. First, in decision ensemble system, after extraction and selection of proper features from each data, crisp SVM (Support Vector Machine) and Fuzzy KNN (K Nearest Neighbor) are utilized on each feature space. Finally Bayesian Theory is applied to fuse SVMs when Decision Template (DT) and Dempster Shafer (DS) are applied as fuzzy decision fusion methods on KNNs. Second, in feature ensemble system, features from all data are applied on a cube. Then classifications were performed by SVM and FKNN as crisp and fuzzy decision making system respectively. A co-registered TerrraSAR-X, WorldView-2 and LiDAR data set form San Francisco of USA was available to examine the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show that combinations of SAR data with different sensor improves classification results for most of the classes. 相似文献
11.
传统光学遥感技术手段在森林覆盖区难以准确获取林下地形,原因在于其只能测量森林冠层顶部高程。微波信号能够穿透森林冠层并记录森林垂直结构信息,为解决林下地形测绘难题带来了契机,如何准确获取林下地形已成为微波遥感领域的研究热点。首先介绍了面向林下地形测绘的合成孔径雷达（synthetic aperture radar,SAR）干涉测高原理及数据获取手段。然后对利用SAR进行林下地形测绘的方法进行了分类,主要包括基于合成孔径雷达干涉测量（interferometric synthetic aperture radar,InSAR）、极化合成孔径雷达干涉测量（polarimetric InSAR,PolInSAR）及基于多基线InSAR/PolInSAR数据的层析SAR（tomographic SAR,TomoSAR）技术的林下地形测绘方法,并介绍了上述3种方法的应用进展。最后在此基础上,从数据获取、误差改正及散射模型构建3个角度分析了林下地形测绘所面临的问题。 相似文献
12.
Eco-Geomorphological zonation of The Bangaram Reef, Lakshadweep 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Benidhar Deshmukh Anjali Bahuguna Shailesh Nayak V. K. Dhargalkar T. G. Jagtap 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2005,33(1):99-106
Coral reefs, which are known for rich biological diversity and productivity, are being threatened throughout the world by various natural and anthropogenic activities. The present study concentrates on establishing methodology to zone the geo-morphological and ecological zones of the Bangaram reef (of atoll type), Lakshadweep islands, using remotely sensed data and adequately supported by field data. Classification system has been evolved to zone the reefs. Comparative studies have also been carried out using image processing techniques in order to establish the suitable technique for studying the Indian reefs. The IRS LISS III images representing three different tidal conditions of the period 1998-2000 were analyzed. The unsupervised classification of both the raw images as well as principal component images gave similar information. The classified product was subjected to contextual editing. Misclassification among various classes was found to increase with the increase in the depth of the water column present over the reef. The zones identified on the image are central deep lagoon, reef knolls (rising steeply from the central deep lagoon floor), reef edge, reef platform, coralline shelf, broad shallow sandy-bottomed lagoon, beach and two islets. The zonation has helped in getting information on the presence of live corals on the Bangaram reef. This kind of study is a valuable input in assessing the health of the reefs and its diversity. 相似文献
13.
14.
Varghese Ouseph Alappat Ashok Kumar Joshi Y. V. N. Krishnamurthy 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2011,39(4):583-589
Optical remote sensing data have been extensively used to derive biophysical properties that relate forest type and composition.
However, stand density, stand height and stand volume cannot be estimated directly from optical remote sensing data owing
to poor sensitivity between these parameters and spectral reflectance. The ability of microwave energy to penetrate within
forest vegetation makes it possible to extract information on both the crown and trunk components from radar data. The type
of polarization employed determines the radar response to the various shapes and orientations of the scattering mechanisms
within the canopy or trunk. This study mainly presents experimental results obtained with airborne E-SAR using polarimetric
C and L bands over the tropical dry deciduous forest of Chandrapur Forest Division, Maharashtra. A detailed documentation
of the relationship between SAR C & L bands backscattering and forest stand variables has been provided in the present study
through linear correlation. Linear correlation of the single channel SAR derived estimates with the field measured means show
a good correlation between L HV backscattering coefficient with stand volume (r2 = 0.71) and L HH backscattering coefficient with stand density (r2 = 0.75). The results imply that SAR data has significant potential for stand menstruation in operational forestry. 相似文献
15.
基于光学影像的遥感技术受云雨等天气条件影响较大,而合成孔径雷达(SAR)由于具有穿透能力可以很好的克服这一缺陷。本文以黑龙江流域扎龙湿地为研究区域,采用时间序列C波段双极化(VV、VH)Sentinel-1数据,结合面向对象的图像分析技术对扎龙湿地进行分类。对比分析了5种机器学习算法得出随机森林算法的精度最高,总体精度为88.43%,Kappa系数为0.8646,其中沼泽的制图精度达到84.68%,用户精度达到89.47%。使用Sentinel-1数据对扎龙湿地进行湿地信息提取的最佳时相为5月、7月和8月。 相似文献
16.
针对现有的配准方法用于多光谱影像与SAR遥感影像配准时，存在受SAR图像斑纹噪声影像大、手工选取配准控制点精度低、利用图像景物特征配准时获取区域和边沿困难等问题，以SPOT5影像与RADARSATSAR影像配准进行实验，提出了一种利用改进的SIFT在提取的特征图像上寻找匹配点进行粗配准，然后利用交叉累积剩余熵作为相似性测度结合原始影像信息寻找光学特征图像的角点在SAR影像上的匹配点并进行精配准的方法，配准精度达到了子像素级水平。实验结果表明该方法对多源遥感影像有很强的适应性，配准精度高。 相似文献
17.
基于谱学的成像光谱遥感技术发展与应用 总被引：18，自引：3，他引：15
成像光谱遥感技术是80年代初发展起来的新型遥感技术。近20年来,该技术发展很快,已成为遥感技术发展的3大趋势之一(成像光谱遥感,微波遥感及3S技术系统)。由于成像光谱具有高光谱分辨率的图像与光谱合二为一的特点,它的发展不仅使遥感技术能有效地直接识别地表物质,而且还能更深入地研究地表物质的成分及结构。本文综述成像光谱遥感技术的发展,理论基础,方法技术及其应用。 相似文献
18.
提出了一种基于深度学习技术的遥感分类方法，它能有效解决中分辨率影像在分类过程中出现的像元混分问题。研究选用2016年5月12日武汉市Landsat 7 ETM+遥感影像，基于GoogleNet模型中的Inception V3网络结构，借助迁移学习方法，构建出遥感分类模型，实现了对武汉市主城区4类典型地物（不透水层、植被、水体和其他用地）的自动分类提取，并将分类结果与传统最大似然分类（ML）结果进行了对比分析。研究表明：基于深度学习方法的遥感影像总体分类精度高达88.33%，Kappa系数为0.834 2，明显优于传统ML方法总体分类精度83%和Kappa系数0.755 0，而且有效抑制了地物在分类过程中出现的像元混分现象。 相似文献
19.
机载SAR影像地表要素解译试验研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
雷达影像以其全天候、全天时、穿透力强的工作能力,成为当前摄影测量与遥感领域的研究热点,近年来机载SAR系统在国内外得到快速发展和应用。本文介绍了高分辨率多极化机载SAR数据的特点,论述了SAR影像的正射纠正,分析了不同地表要素在机载SAR影像中的成像特点和解译方法,并与光学影像作了对比,得出了基于SAR影像地表要素解译的几点看法。 相似文献
20.
A global inventory of coral reef stressors based on satellite observed nighttime lights 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In this article, we present a satellite-based approach to gather information about the threat to coral reefs worldwide. Three chosen reef stressors – development, gas flaring and heavily lit fishing boat activity – are analysed using nighttime lights data derived from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) produced at the National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration, National Geophysical Data Center (NOAA/NGDC). Nighttime lights represent a direct threat to coral reef ecosystems and are an excellent proxy measure for associated human-caused stressors. A lights proximity index (LPI) is calculated, measuring the distance of coral reef sites to each of the stressors and incorporating the stressor's intensity. Colourized maps visualize the results on a global scale. Area rankings clarify the effects of artificial night lighting on coral reefs on a regional scale. The results should be very useful for reef managers and for state administrations to implement coral reef conservation projects and for the scientific world to conduct further research. 相似文献