首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
利用SAR影像配准偏移量提取地表形变的方法与误差分析   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
陈强  罗容  杨莹辉  雍琦 《测绘学报》2015,44(3):301-308
单一的InSAR观测技术可提取地表沿雷达视线方向(LOS)上的一维位移,而利用SAR影像配准过程中的同名像素偏移量可提取地表沿雷达方位向(近南北向)与距离向(近东西向)的二维形变场,与LOS方向的一维形变形成优势互补。本文在分析SAR影像配准偏移量提取地表形变场方法的基础上,推导建立了雷达方位向与距离向形变提取的误差模型,探讨了该方法提取地表形变的主要误差源。以Bam地震ASAR影像和玉树地震PALSAR影像为数据源,分别开展同震形变场的提取与误差分析试验,结果表明,基于SAR像素配准偏移量提取同震形变场的精度主要受匹配窗口尺寸与过采样因子影响,形变提取误差随匹配计算窗口的增大而减小,形变提取精度随过采样因子的增大有适量提高,地形起伏效应在高差较大的SAR影像区域中表现较为显著。  相似文献   

2.
InSAR由于大范围、高精度、全天候等优势,被广泛应用。但InSAR局限于监测视线向形变,无法观测方位向形变。多孔径干涉测量技术(MAI)作为一种监测方位向形变的有效技术得到广泛应用,其精度可达厘米级。该技术对监测快速,激烈的地表形变更为有效,如冰川流速、同震形变等。文中利用MAI-InSAR技术,选用日本ALOS卫星PALSAR数据,监测玉树Mw=6.9地震的2-D同震形变场,获得有益的结论。  相似文献   

3.
韩鸣  张永志  程冬  尹鹏 《测绘通报》2019,(4):75-78,129
2017两伊地震是自1900年以来发生在扎格罗斯山脉的最大地震,为了研究此次地震引起的同震形变场,利用覆盖同一地区的3对Sentinel-1A升降轨数据分别进行两通差分DInSAR处理,得到了研究区3个视线向的地表同震形变场,通过直接解算法重建了研究区的三维同震形变场。试验表明:3种视角的升降轨视线向上升与沉降总体趋势基本一致;联合多个视角的观测结果可以实现三维形变场的重建;根据地表视线向和三维同震形变的特征以及地质构造背景推测了发震断层很有可能为扎格罗斯山前断层。  相似文献   

4.
升降轨干涉测量可以更好地反映地震同震形变场特征。利用欧空局ASAR数据通过二轨法差分干涉测量提取了新疆于田县Ms 7.3级地震升降轨同震形变场信息。结果显示:升轨同震形变场最大视线向(LOS)隆升形变量约+13.3 cm,沉降形变量约-83.9 cm;降轨同震形变场最大LOS向隆升形变量约+36.5 cm,沉降形变量约-66.5 cm。于田地震以NNE向正断层破裂为主,并伴随左旋走滑运动,西北盘为正断层破裂的上盘(沉降盘),东南盘为正断层破裂的下盘(隆升盘)。升降轨同震形变场存在一定差异,但其变化趋势与特征非常相似,其差异主要是由于两种不同观测模式所造成的。  相似文献   

5.
孙建宝  梁芳  徐锡伟  宫鹏 《遥感学报》2006,10(4):489-496
通过对覆盖同一地区的升降轨道ASAR雷达数据进行两路差分干涉(D-INSAR)处理,得到了2003年12月26日伊朗巴姆(Bam)地震(Mw6.5)在两种成像几何状态下的视线向(LOS)同震形变场。利用Okada弹性形变模型对形变场进行正演计算,得到地震断层的几何参数及形变的南北向分量。对得到的干涉条纹图进行相位解绕处理,综合分析两种不同的雷达成像几何关系,并利用模型估计得到的南北向分量,计算了该地震造成的3D同震形变场,结果显示了典型的单断层右旋走滑活动特征。研究表明,合并升降轨道雷达数据,能够为形变模型提供有效约束,用一条简化的断层模型就可以解释升降两条轨能的干涉形变场,更为复杂的双断层模型是不必要的。  相似文献   

6.
电离层延迟是合成孔径雷达差分干涉测量(DInSAR)的误差源之一,对长波段SAR数据影响尤为严重。文中提出联合SAR相位和振幅信息精确测量方位向偏移,并基于方位向偏移构建模型校正DInSAR电离层延迟相位。选取覆盖2008年汶川地震的ALOS PALSAR(轨道号471)同震干涉对为实验数据,进行电离层延迟校正实验和精度分析。结果表明,实验同震干涉对中电离层贡献相位达17rad,对应约32cm的视线向形变误差,经过校正后地震远场形变均方根减小59%。对比传统方法校正结果,所提方法可有效提高电离层延迟相位校正精度。  相似文献   

7.
利用GIS对InSAR结果进行分析可以更全面地解释地表形变机制。介绍了利用GIS对SAR影像进行裁剪、切割和拼接处理、剖面和等值分析的方法。在此基础上,以汶川Mw7.9级地震为例介绍了基于GIS的InSAR结果分析方法在地震形变机制解释方面的应用:①根据InSAR距离向偏移量和同震形变场,利用GIS技术提取了汶川Mw7.9级地震发震断层的地表迹线;②将基于位错模型正演得到的视线向形变场与InSAR同震形变场进行比较,得到了汶川地区InSAR同震形变场的上盘和整体改正数,进一步借助GIS进行修正得到了更为真实的InSAR同震形变场;③利用2D/3DInSAR同震形变场、干涉纹图和剖面分析结果对汶川Mw7.9级地震同震形变特征进行了具体分析和解释。  相似文献   

8.
高分辨率同震形变数据对地震学研究十分重要。欧州空间局哨兵一号A/B星(Sentinel-1 A/B)自2014年、2016年在轨运行以来,在板块交界地带获取了大量数据,成为研究地震的主要雷达遥感系统之一。本文通过简要介绍Sentinel-1A/B数据获取模式和最新数据处理技术,结合2014年加州纳帕山谷地震,2015年尼泊尔地震,2016年日本熊本地震和新西兰地震4个典型震例,综述全面利用Sentinel-1数据中的相干及非相干信息提取远场和近场、方位向和距离向同震形变数据的最新进展。相关研究成果表明,从Sentinel-1数据中不但能够通过传统InSAR技术提取地震远场形变梯度较为平缓的形变,也能够获取靠近地表破裂,形变梯度较大的形变。这些新方法和最新震例研究表明Sentinel-1系统在地震学领域将会发挥越来越重要的作用。  相似文献   

9.
为及时获取大范围地震震前震后的形变数据,监测和分析地表形变,利用欧空局最新发射的SENTINEL-1A SAR影像,采用D-InSAR技术获取台湾高雄Mw6.7级地震同震形变场。研究分析得到台湾高雄地震的震中位置约为120.41°E、22.96°N,地震主要形变范围为震中方圆约8.3 km,地表在雷达视线向最大形变约为16.4 cm、最大相对形变约18.0 cm。  相似文献   

10.
利用哨兵(Sentinel)-1A卫星升、降轨影像,在地震位错模型约束下获取了2017年九寨沟Mw 6.5地震的高质量三维形变场。首先,利用合成孔径雷达干涉测量技术(interferometric synthetic aperture radar,InSAR)提取九寨沟地震升、降轨同震形变场;然后,通过“两步法”反演获取该地震发震断层的几何参数和分布式滑动模型,以此为约束,采用方差分量估计算法联合解算九寨沟地震三维形变场。结果表明,九寨沟地震同震三维形变场以水平位移为主,垂向形变较弱;南北向形变呈拉张趋势,断层上盘向南、下盘向北滑动,最大位移分别为-19.81 cm和14.38 cm;东西向形变不对称性明显,断层上盘西北部向东水平运动,最大位移为18.37 cm,下盘东南部向西运动,最大位移不足8 cm。将南北、东西向形变与6个全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system,GNSS)台站观测数据进行比较,两者一致性较好且均方根误差较小,分别为1.44 cm和1.77 cm,表明联合升、降轨InSAR观测和地震位错模型约束构建同震三维形变场方法具有较高可行性,显著降低了大地测量数据不足、InSAR观测对南北向形变不敏感等问题的影响。  相似文献   

11.
针对IGS实时数据流产品,该文开展了实时精密单点定位技术在远海实时GPS验潮中的应用研究。对RTS改正的实时精密卫星轨道和钟差进行了精度验证和分析,给出了实时精密单点定位的数据处理策略以及实时GPS验潮的基本流程;组织和实施了渤海湾船载GPS验潮试验,以压力式验潮仪数据为参考,对远距离实时GPS潮汐测量结果进行了精度分析。结果表明:以IGS最终卫星轨道和钟差产品为参考,实时数据流产品实时精密卫星轨道在X、Y、Z方向的精度均优于3cm,卫星钟差的精度优于0.15ns;采用傅里叶低通滤波方法,消除波浪对潮汐观测的影响,进一步提取潮位信息。在忽略船体姿态改正的情况下,实时精密单点定位验潮相对于压力式验潮仪结果的最大偏差优于20cm,RMS达到7.5cm。  相似文献   

12.
The international GNSS service (IGS) has been providing an open-access real-time service (RTS) since 2013, which allows users to carry out real-time precise point positioning (RT-PPP). As the availability of RTS products is vital for RT-PPP, a disruption in receiving RTS products will be a concern. Currently, the IGS Ultra-rapid (IGU) orbit is accurate enough to be used as an alternative orbit for RTS during RTS outages, while the precision of the IGU predicted clock offsets is far below that of the RTS clock product. The existing clock prediction methods based on received RTS clock data will not work well if the discontinuity arises shortly after the start of the RT-PPP processing due to the lack of RTS clock data to fit the prediction model or to predict clock offsets at a high precision. Even if there is a sufficient amount of RTS clock data available, saving large amounts of RTS clock data would also use processor memory. An alternate approach for GPS clock prediction is proposed. The prediction model, composed of linear polynomial and sinusoidal terms, is similar to those used by the precious methods. The main innovation is the determination of the model coefficients: coefficients of linear and sinusoidal terms are estimated with the epoch-differenced clock offsets from the IGU observed part, while the constant coefficient is computed with the latest RTS clock corrections. There is no need to save the received RTS clock corrections, and clock prediction can be carried out even with only one epoch of RTS data. Evaluation of the proposed method shows that the predicted clock offsets within a short period of prediction time, e.g., 5 min, are slightly worse than RTS clock data. Even when the predicted time reaches up to 1 h, the precision of the predicted clock offsets is still higher than that of IGU predicted clock offsets by about 50%.  相似文献   

13.
多星定轨条件下北斗卫星钟差的周期性变化   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
周佩元  杜兰  路余  方善传  张中凯  杨力 《测绘学报》2015,44(12):1299-1306
基于地面监测网的多星精密定轨可以同时解算出北斗卫星轨道和卫星钟差。由于轨道和钟差的耦合影响,卫星钟差时序难免会出现周期性波动。此外,受限于目前并不完善的北斗全球监测网络分布、系统导航文件缺失以及定轨后处理软件的设置问题,3类卫星的钟差均存在大量数据间断问题。本文利用适用于间断数据的谱分析方法,对多星定轨条件下的北斗卫星钟差数据进行了周期项提取,并利用周期项改进后的钟差预报模型评估了24h以内的预报精度。基于近一年的数据分析表明,北斗GEO卫星钟差3个主周期依次为12、24和8h,IGSO卫星钟差的3个主周期依次为24、12和8h,而MEO卫星钟差的3个主周期依次为12.91、6.44和24h。与改进前相比,周期项改进后的钟差预报模型将北斗卫星钟差在24h以内的预报精度提高了20%~40%。  相似文献   

14.
针对传统事后精密单点定位技术的时间延迟问题,该文基于IGS RTS实时数据流产品,开展了实时精密单点定位技术在远海实时GPS验潮中的应用研究.对RTS改正的实时精密卫星轨道和钟差进行了精度验证和分析,给出了RT-PPP的数据处理策略以及实时GPS验潮的基本流程;组织和实施了渤海湾船载GPS验潮试验,以压力式验潮仪数据为参考,对远距离实时GPS潮汐测量结果进行了精度分析.结果表明:①以IGS最终卫星轨道和钟差产品为参考,RTS实时精密卫星轨道在X、y、Z方向的精度(RMS)均优于3 cm,卫星钟差的精度优于0.15 ns;②采用傅里叶低通滤波方法,消除波浪对潮汐观测的影响,进一步提取潮位信息.在忽略船体姿态改正的情况下,实时精密单点定位验潮相对于压力式验潮仪结果的最大偏差优于20 cm,RMS达到7.5 cm.  相似文献   

15.
Autonomous orbit determination is the ability of navigation satellites to estimate the orbit parameters on-board using inter-satellite link (ISL) measurements. This study mainly focuses on data processing of the ISL measurements as a new measurement type and its application on the centralized autonomous orbit determination of the new-generation Beidou navigation satellite system satellites for the first time. The ISL measurements are dual one-way measurements that follow a time division multiple access (TDMA) structure. The ranging error of the ISL measurements is less than 0.25 ns. This paper proposes a derivation approach to the satellite clock offsets and the geometric distances from TDMA dual one-way measurements without a loss of accuracy. The derived clock offsets are used for time synchronization, and the derived geometry distances are used for autonomous orbit determination. The clock offsets from the ISL measurements are consistent with the L-band two-way satellite, and time–frequency transfer clock measurements and the detrended residuals vary within 0.5 ns. The centralized autonomous orbit determination is conducted in a batch mode on a ground-capable server for the feasibility study. Constant hardware delays are present in the geometric distances and become the largest source of error in the autonomous orbit determination. Therefore, the hardware delays are estimated simultaneously with the satellite orbits. To avoid uncertainties in the constellation orientation, a ground anchor station that “observes” the satellites with on-board ISL payloads is introduced into the orbit determination. The root-mean-square values of orbit determination residuals are within 10.0 cm, and the standard deviation of the estimated ISL hardware delays is within 0.2 ns. The accuracy of the autonomous orbits is evaluated by analysis of overlap comparison and the satellite laser ranging (SLR) residuals and is compared with the accuracy of the L-band orbits. The results indicate that the radial overlap differences between the autonomous orbits are less than 15.0 cm for the inclined geosynchronous orbit (IGSO) satellites and less than 10.0 cm for the MEO satellites. The SLR residuals are approximately 15.0 cm for the IGSO satellites and approximately 10.0 cm for the MEO satellites, representing an improvement over the L-band orbits.  相似文献   

16.
首次推导出角差前方交会的方式,在桥墩定位的施工现场,可简便、快速地求得持定点的坐标偏离值。该方法精度高,适用于各种定位,特别是深水桥墩浮运物的快速精密定位更具优越性。  相似文献   

17.
提出利用原始单程星间伪距数据联合地面监测站载波相位和伪距数据同时确定北斗卫星轨道和钟差的方法。该方法引入时间窗概念,用多项式表示卫星钟差,从而能够直接对非同时观测的原始单程伪距数据进行平差处理。收集中国境内的6个iGMAS监测站和星间测距数据对北斗三号卫星进行轨道和钟差确定试验。结果表明,轨道重叠段互差在R、T和N方向的RMS分别为0.078、0.321和0.375 m,钟差重叠段互差的RMS和STD分别达到0.589和0.519 ns。相比于仅用国内监测站数据的结果,轨道和钟差的改进幅度分别超过80%和60%。星间链路单程伪距残差的平均RMS为0.083 m,星间链路信号发射和接收设备时延偏差估值的平均稳定度分别为0.53和0.72 ns。  相似文献   

18.
Kalman-filter-based GPS clock estimation for near real-time positioning   总被引:11,自引:4,他引:7  
In this article, an algorithm for clock offset estimation of the GPS satellites is presented. The algorithm is based on a Kalman-filter and processes undifferenced code and carrier-phase measurements of a global tracking network. The clock offset and drift of the satellite clocks are estimated along with tracking station clock offsets, tropospheric zenith path delay and carrier-phase ambiguities. The article provides a brief overview of already existing near-real-time and real-time clock products. The filter algorithm and data processing scheme is presented. Finally, the accuracy of the orbit and clock product is assessed with a precise orbit determination of the MetOp satellite and compared to results gained with other real-time products.
André HauschildEmail:
  相似文献   

19.
Combination of GNSS and SLR observations using satellite co-locations   总被引:6,自引:6,他引:0  
Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) observations to Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) satellites may be used for several purposes. On one hand, the range measurement may be used as an independent validation for satellite orbits derived solely from GNSS microwave observations. On the other hand, both observation types may be analyzed together to generate a combined orbit. The latter procedure implies that one common set of orbit parameters is estimated from GNSS and SLR data. We performed such a combined processing of GNSS and SLR using the data of the year 2008. During this period, two GPS and four GLONASS satellites could be used as satellite co-locations. We focus on the general procedure for this type of combined processing and the impact on the terrestrial reference frame (including scale and geocenter), the GNSS satellite antenna offsets (SAO) and the SLR range biases. We show that the combination using only satellite co-locations as connection between GNSS and SLR is possible and allows the estimation of SLR station coordinates at the level of 1–2 cm. The SLR observations to GNSS satellites provide the scale allowing the estimation of GNSS SAO without relying on the scale of any a priori terrestrial reference frame. We show that the necessity to estimate SLR range biases does not prohibit the estimation of GNSS SAO. A good distribution of SLR observations allows a common estimation of the two parameter types. The estimated corrections for the GNSS SAO are 119 mm and −13 mm on average for the GPS and GLONASS satellites, respectively. The resulting SLR range biases suggest that it might be sufficient to estimate one parameter per station representing a range bias common to all GNSS satellites. The estimated biases are in the range of a few centimeters up to 5 cm. Scale differences of 0.9 ppb are seen between GNSS and SLR.  相似文献   

20.
曾超  刘智敏 《全球定位系统》2012,37(1):61-64,68
国际地球动力学服务组织(IGS)提供的精密星历的数据间隔是15min,远远不能满足实际数据处理需要。利用纳维尔(Neville)算法编程实现对IGS精密星历的卫星坐标和钟差的加密,并将卫星坐标插值结果与广播星历计算得到的坐标结果进行对比得到有益结论,钟差插值结果与IGS提供30s钟差数据进行比较得到较高精度的结果。  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号