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天津滨海新区地表水悬浮物浓度遥感反演研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
针对传统的实地地表水水质监测测量方法费时费力,且存在监测布设点有限,无法反映水质的时空变化情况等问题,该文以天津滨海新区的Landsat-8卫星影像作为数据源,将实地水样采集、实验室测量分析和遥感影像不同波段像元亮度值结合,对滨海新区海河水体的悬浮物浓度,分别建立基于统计回归和神经网络的两种经验算法反演模型。结果表明,神经网络模型的反演结果能较准确地反映实际水体的悬浮物浓度分布情况,为该地区地表水水质监测提供一种可行的解决方案。 相似文献
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矿产资源的持续开采与加工利用使得矿区周边水资源受到的污染日趋严重,急需采用先进技术对水污染进行监测分析,遥感技术是水环境监测最为有效的技术之一。利用国产环境一号小卫星多光谱遥感影像数据,针对福建省龙岩市紫金山矿区不同时相的数据进行水质遥感监测。利用近红外单波段阈值分割法提取悬浮物浓度信息,基于矿区酸碱性水体光谱曲线特性采用342波段假彩色合成影像,采用SVM分类方法进行分类,判别矿区水体酸碱性以及分析水体受污染程度变化和污染源。结果表明,研究区汀江水体2008年呈现碱性,2010年呈现弱碱性,水质在研究时段内得到一定的改善,但在选矿厂与矿区附近的水体中仍含有大量重金属沉积物。 相似文献
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昆承湖水质状况遥感监测与空间特征分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
针对镇域水资源常规的监测方法不能满足对水质适时、大尺度的监测评价要求等问题,该文以江苏常熟辛庄镇昆承湖为例,分析叶绿素a(Chl-a)和悬浮物(SS)浓度值与水体归一化反射光谱、一阶微分反射光谱特征的关系,运用PEARSON法分析两者之间的相关性,确定Chl-a和SS的敏感波段,利用Chl-a和SS敏感波段归一化光谱反射值和实测浓度数据建立了水质参数反演模型。采用同时相ETM遥感数据对水质参数(叶绿素a和悬浮物)浓度进行遥感定量反演,并根据反演结果分析镇域水体污染空间分布特征。结果表明,对水质参数几个最大正(负)相关的光谱值进行波段组合处理可以提高反演精度,并且模型反演值和实测浓度值之间误差较低。通过对叶绿素、悬浮物等水质参数反演实现了对昆承湖水体污染状况的快速、准确和动态的信息获取和评价,有效地实时监测镇域水体在空间和时间上的变化状况和特性。 相似文献
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黄浦江水质指标与反射光谱特征的关系分析 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
利用地物光谱测量技术及同步配套的常规水质采样分析实验，对上海市黄浦江全河段水体进行调查研究。共选取31个典型站位进行了光谱测量和同步水质取样，每个测点分析了9个水质指标，包括TP，TN，CODMn，CODCr，NH3-N，BOD5，DO，悬浮物浓度和浊度。各水质参数之间存在较大的相关性，以总氮（TN）和悬浮物浓度两个水质指标为例，分析了这两个水质指标与单波段归一化反射率、反射率的一阶微分、不同波段之间反射率的比值以及反射率取对数等之间的相关关系，给出了以上两个水质指标的单波段归一化反射率、一阶微分反射率识别的特征波段，以及两个波段比值的最佳波段组合。建立了常规水质参数与水体光谱反射率之间的关系模型，为利用遥感技术监测水环境提供了基础。 相似文献
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长时序大范围内陆水体光学遥感研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
地球表面的江河、湖泊和水库等内陆水体是水资源的主要组成部分,由气候变化和人类活动所引起的内陆水体分布和水质时空变化等问题已成为各国科学家和政府关注的热点。相比常规实地采样监测手段,卫星遥感在长时序、大范围内陆水体监测方面具有重要优势。受到海洋水色遥感理论和方法的推动,同时也得益于内陆水体光学特性数据的不断积累,近年来内陆水体光学遥感研究取得了很大的进展,已经从典型研究区的典型算法实验性研究,拓展到长时序、大范围水体产品生产;从水色遥感算法的科学研究,发展到内陆水体参量时空变化分析和水环境监管决策支持方面。尤其是在水体分布提取、水体遥感数据大气校正、叶绿素a浓度反演、水体颜色监测、浑浊程度监测、营养状态评价、黑臭水体监测、湖冰监测等方面都已经取得了重要进展,形成了一些面向长时序、大范围内陆水体的光学遥感产品。未来,为了进一步提高内陆水体光学遥感的应用效果,需要进一步加强不同类型内陆水体光学特性数据获取和分析工作,完善面向长时序、大范围内陆水体的水色遥感算法。此外,有必要发射面向内陆水体监测的卫星星座,或者在通用陆地卫星星座遥感器设计中兼顾内陆水体的应用需求,从数据源上解决内陆水体光学遥感面临的问题。 相似文献
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基于高光谱遥感反射比的太湖水体叶绿素a含量估算模型 总被引：19，自引：1，他引：19
旨在寻找叶绿素a的高光谱遥感敏感波段并建立其定量估算模型。通过对太湖水体的连续监测，获得了从2004年6月到8月3个月的太湖水体高光谱数据和水质化学分析数据。利用实测的高光谱数据分析计算太湖水体的离水辐亮度和遥感反射比；然后，通过相关分析寻找反演叶绿素a浓度的高光谱敏感波段，进而建立反演太湖水体叶绿素a浓度的高光谱遥感定量估算模型，并用相关数据对模型进行精度分析。研究发现，水体的遥感反射比光谱在719nm和725nm存在两个峰，其中719nm处的峰更明显且稳定。通过模型的对比分析，发现用这两个峰值处的遥感反射比参与建模可以提高叶绿素a的估算精度；并且认为由反射比比值变量R719／R670所建立的线性模型对叶绿素a浓度的估算精度最理想。 相似文献
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基于GF-1号卫星WFV数据的太湖水质遥感监测 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
为研究高分一号(GF-1)卫星数据监测太湖水质的可行性,基于新发射的GF-1卫星16 m分辨率的多光谱宽覆盖(wide field of view,WFV)相机和HJ-1A CCD数据,对太湖的叶绿素a、悬浮物、透明度和富营养化状况进行遥感监测,以评价GF-1 WFV相机的应用潜力。研究结果表明:GF-1 WFV与HJ-1A CCD数据对水质参数的反演结果具有一致性,可有效反映叶绿素a浓度、悬浮物浓度、透明度和富营养化指数的空间变化规律。其中,太湖西北部分布有少量水华蓝藻,在大面积蓝藻爆发区域附近,叶绿素a浓度明显高于其他区域的水体,平均浓度为62.46 mg·m-3;悬浮物浓度以竺山湾及西部沿岸湖区较大,沿西北向东南方向递减,平均浓度为26.07 mg·L-1;透明度整体从西北向东南递增,与悬浮物浓度的分布趋势相反,平均值为22.1 cm;富营养化指数整体从西北向东南递减,与叶绿素浓度的分布趋势相同,平均值为69.62。遥感监测指标的结果均符合常规监测规律。 相似文献
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Tatenda Dalu Timothy Dube P. William Froneman Mwazvita T.B. Sachikonye Bruce W. Clegg Tamuka Nhiwatiwa 《国际地球制图》2015,30(10):1130-1143
Traditional approaches to monitoring aquatic systems are often limited by the need for data collection which often is time-consuming, expensive and non-continuous. The aim of the study was to map the spatio-temporal chlorophyll-a concentration changes in Malilangwe Reservoir, Zimbabwe as an indicator of phytoplankton biomass and trophic state when the reservoir was full (year 2000) and at its lowest capacity (year 2011), using readily available Landsat multispectral images. Medium-spatial resolution (30 m) Landsat multispectral Thematic Mapper TM 5 and ETM+ images for May to December 1999–2000 and 2010–2011 were used to derive chlorophyll-a concentrations. In situ measured chlorophyll-a and total suspended solids (TSS) concentrations for 2011 were employed to validate the Landsat chlorophyll-a and TSS estimates. The study results indicate that Landsat-derived chlorophyll-a and TSS estimates were comparable with field measurements. There was a considerable wet vs. dry season differences in total chlorophyll-a concentration, Secchi disc depth, TSS and turbidity within the reservoir. Using Permutational multivariate analyses of variance (PERMANOVA) analysis, there were significant differences (p < 0.0001) for chlorophyll-a concentration among sites, months and years whereas TSS was significant during the study months (p < 0.05). A strong positive significant correlation among both predicted TSS vs. chlorophyll-a and measured vs. predicted chlorophyll-a and TSS concentrations as well as an inverse relationship between reservoir chlorophyll-a concentrations and water level were found (p < 0.001 in all cases). In conclusion, total chlorophyll-a concentration in Malilangwe Reservoir was successfully derived from Landsat remote sensing data suggesting that the Landsat sensor is suitable for real-time monitoring over relatively short timescales and for small reservoirs. Satellite data can allow for surveying of chlorophyll-a concentration in aquatic ecosystems, thus, providing invaluable data in data scarce (limited on site ground measurements) environments. 相似文献
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A rapid degradation of aquatic vegetations in Taihu Lake has roused a wide attention in recent years. Giving large-scale harvesting activity on aquatic vegetation since 2012, whether water eutrophication or the human harvest activity induced the degradation remains controversial and unclear. In this study, based on Landsat and HJ-CCD data acquired from 1984 to 2016 and a 12-year field observation (2005–2016) of water quality, a method was proposed to quantitatively assess impacts of harvesting activity and water quality change on degradations of both floating-leaved aquatic vegetation (FAV) and submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) in Taihu Lake. First, areas of FAV and SAV covers from 1984 to 2016 in Taihu Lake were mapped using the satellite data, and then the mapped areas were modified to those on a reference date by using phenological curves of FAV and SAV covers. Next, correlations between water quality data and FAV and SAV covers were analyzed by using Pearson correlation analysis based on the data before implementing the human harvesting activity (i.e., before 2012), and multiple general linear models were established based on the selected water quality variables with p-value <0.01 for estimating covers of FAV and SAV from 2012 to 2016. Finally, based on the predicted areas of FAV and SAV covers by the models and the modified areas mapped from satellite data, the influences of water eutrophication and the human harvesting activity on the degradation of FAV and SAV covers were quantitatively assessed. The results indicated that (1) FAV cover exhibited a significant increase from 1984 to 2011 and then a rapid decrease, while SAV cover increased significantly before 2003 and then obviously declined; (2) water level (WL) and total nitrogen (TN) showed significantly negative correlations with FAV and SAV covers, while secchi disk depth (SDD) and SDD/WL had significantly positive correlations with FAV and SAV covers; (3) the human harvesting activity made a major contribution to the loss of FAV cover, and the degradation of SAV cover was mainly due to an increased lake eutrophication and deteriorated underwater light environment. The findings derived from this study could offer a guidance for Taihu Lake ecological restoration and effective management. 相似文献
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Water quality problems continue on a global scale and this creates the need for regular monitoring using cheaper technologies to inform management. The objective of this study was to test for significant relationships between the field-measured and Landsat 8 OLI sensor-retrieved water quality parameters. The study was carried out in two reservoirs with contrasting trophic states in Zimbabwe. Results show that the Blue/Red ratio had strong predictive relationships with Secchi disc transparency (R2 > 0.70) and turbidity (R2 ≥ 0.65). The Near-infrared/Red ratio was a strong predictor of chlorophyll-a in Mazvikadei (R2 > 0.84) whereas in Lake Chivero, which is more polluted, the red band was the most useful predictor (R2 = 0.69). Overall, our work demonstrates the utility of using Landsat 8 band ratios for remote assessment of water quality in African reservoirs as a value-addition to the traditional field-based methods, which are expensive resulting in data scarcity. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(2):103-114
Abstract Due to spatial and temporal variability an effective monitoring system for water resources must consider the use of remote sensing to provide information. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is useful due to timely data acquisition and sensitivity to surface water and flooded vegetation. The ability to map flooded vegetation is attributed to the double bounce scattering mechanism, often dominant for this target. Dong Ting Lake in China is an ideal site for evaluating SAR data for this application due to annual flooding caused by mountain snow melt causing extensive changes in flooded vegetation. A curvelet-based approach for change detection in SAR imagery works well as it highlights the change and suppresses the speckle noise. This paper addresses the extension of this change detection technique to polarimetric SAR data for monitoring surface water and flooded vegetation. RADARSAT-2 images of Dong Ting Lake demonstrate this curvelet-based change detection technique applied to wetlands although it is applicable to other land covers and for post disaster impact assessment. These tools are important to Digital Earth for map updating and revision. 相似文献
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K. Adem Ali Joseph Ortiz Nicholas Bonini Morgan Shuman Catherine Sydow 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2016,53(4):483-505
There is considerable interest in accurately estimating water quality parameters in turbid (Case 2) and eutrophic waters such as the Western Basin of Lake Erie (WBLE). Lake Erie is a large, open freshwater body that supports diverse ecosystem, and over 12 million people in the mid-western part of the United States depend on it for drinking water, fisheries, navigational, and recreational purposes. The increasing utilization of the freshwater has deteriorated the water severely and currently the lake is experiencing recurring harmful algal blooms (HABs). Improving the water quality of Lake Erie requires the use of robust monitoring tools that help water quality managers understand sources and pathways of influxes that trigger HABs. Satellite-based remote sensing sensor such as the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) may provide frequent and synoptic view of the water quality indices. In this study, data set from field measurements was used to evaluate the performance of 14 existing ocean color algorithms. Results indicated that MODIS data consistently underestimated the chlorophyll a concentrations in the WBLE, with the largest source of errors from dissolved organic matter and xanthophyll accessory pigments in this data set. Most of the global algorithms, including OC4v4 and the Baltic model, generated near-identical statistical parameters with an average R2 of ~0.57 and RMSE ~2.9 μg/l. MODIS performed poorly (R2 ~0.18) when its NIR/red bands were used. A slightly improved model was developed using similar band ratio approach generating R2 of ~0.62 and RMSE ~1.8 μg/l. 相似文献
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太湖流域典型中小湖群水资源利用及动态变化的遥感调查与分析 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
近年来太湖流域中小型湖群的网围水产养殖业带来了十分可观的经济效益，挑、涌湖经遥感分析网围养殖面积占总湖水面积75％以上，属超密度网围。超密度网围养殖的负面效应是湖水营养盐急剧增高，水草资源大幅度减少，从而破坏了湖泊的生态平衡，恶化了湖水环境。采用15年以来的陆地卫星影像结合航空数据，对研究区的水资源利用类型、空间分布及变化状况进行了分析解译和目标分类，结合佃技术，对各类型进行了面积量算，推算了网围养殖密度，同时遥感分析了养殖水域环境和水草资源的变化，并展开了野外实地调查验证。 相似文献
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准确提取湖泊围网区域的时空分布信息对湖泊的保护和可持续发展具有重要意义。本文以阳澄湖为研究区域,收集该地区1984年—2017年所有的Landsat 5和Landsat 8影像(共计396景),提出了结合光谱和纹理特征的围网提取新算法,同时利用时间序列滤波消除年际间因数据不一致造成的偏差。以高清影像人工解译作为参考,阳澄湖围网提取结果的生产者精度在72.57%—88.53%,用户者精度在79.79%—98.10%,围网面积变化与文献记录吻合。结果表明,阳澄湖围网经历了"无围网期"(1984年—1994年)、"快速增长期"(1994年—1998年)、"巅峰期"(1999年—2002年)、"快速下降期"(2003年—2006年)和"稳定期"(2007年—2017年)5个阶段,最高达到100 km2,目前稳定在30 km2;通过研究围网区植被指数发现,2002年之后围网区浮水植物的种植面积增大;通过对比水质数据发现,2002年至今持续15年的围网拆除并未使阳澄湖恢复到80年代无围网养殖时期的II类水,其水质依然处于Ⅲ—Ⅳ类。因此在湖泊养殖开发过程中,政府应该坚持可持续发展道路,在不破坏湖泊水质的基础上发展湖泊经济。 相似文献
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Fayma Mushtaq 《国际地球制图》2017,32(3):274-285
The overarching aim of this study was to derive simple and accurate algorithms for the retrieval of water quality parameters for the Wular Lake using Landsat 8 OLI satellite data. The water quality parameters include pH, COD, DO, alkalinity, hardness, chloride, TDS, total suspended solids (TSS), turbidity, electric conductivity and phosphate. Regression analysis was performed using atmospherically corrected true reflectance values of original OLI bands, images after applying enhancement techniques (NDVI, principal components) and the values of the water quality parameters at different sample locations to obtain the empirical relationship. Most of the parameters were well correlated with single OLI bands with R2 greater than 0.5, whereas phosphate showed a good correlation with NDVI image. The parameters like pH and DO showed a good relation with the principal component I and IV, respectively. The high concentration of pH, COD, turbidity and TSS and low concentration of DO infers the anthropogenic impact on lake. 相似文献
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A topographically fragmental archipelago with dynamic waters set the preconditions for assessing coherent remotely sensed information. We generated a turbidity dataset for an archipelago coast in the Baltic Sea from MERIS data (FSG L1b), using CoastColour L1P, L2R and L2W processors. We excluded land and mixed pixels by masking the imagery with accurate (1:10 000) shoreline data. Using temporal linear averaging (TLA), we produced satellite-imagery datasets applicable to temporal composites for the summer seasons of three years. The turbidity assessments and temporally averaged data were compared to in situ observations obtained with coastal monitoring programs. The ability of TLA to estimate missing pixel values was further assessed by cross-validation with the leave-one-out method. The correspondence between L2W turbidity and in situ observations was good (r = 0.89), and even after applying TLA the correspondence remained acceptable (r = 0.78). The datasets revealed spatially divergent temporal water characteristics, which may be relevant to the management, design of monitoring and habitat models. Monitoring observations may be spatially biased if the temporal succession of water properties is not taken into account in coastal areas with anisotropic dispersion of waters and asynchronous annual cycles. Accordingly, areas of varying turbidity may offer a different habitat for aquatic biota than areas of static turbidity, even though they may appear similar if water properties are measured for short annual periods. 相似文献