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显著性权重RX高光谱异常点检测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
高光谱图像异常点检测中,传统RX异常点检测算法忽略了空间相关性,背景估计不准确。本文提出了一种基于图像局部邻域光谱显著性分析的加权RX算法。该算法通过引入图像显著性分析,对基于概率密度为权重的图像背景建模进行改进,建立光谱显著性权重图,重新定义RX算法中的均值向量和协方差矩阵,并给不同的目标赋予不同的权值,达到优化背景估计的目的。利用合成高光谱数据和真实高光谱数据进行异常点检测实验,结果表明,对于同一组数据,本文算法检测到的异常点数比传统算法多,虚警率较低,有效地提高了检测率。 相似文献
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《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2015,(9)
应用高光谱图像进行异常目标检测是高光谱遥感最重要的应用之一,而异常目标检测算法最为关键的是对背景的描述。RX等经典算法受制于对背景分布的高斯假设,因而在复杂背景条件下不能有效地提取出感兴趣的异常目标。本文提出了一种新的异常目标检测算法,不仅能够有效地检测出亚像元的异常目标,同时以新的方式描述背景。算法首先针对异常检测先验信息不足的问题,采用盲分解方法建立描述背景的冗余字典,该字典是根据像元的纯净性定义估计的背景类端元束构成;然后采用稀疏回归计算每个像元的重建误差,以误差特征作为异常指数,误差越大越可能是异常;为了增强对可能异常目标的描述能力,应用了局部近邻分析来增强目标在图像邻域的离群表达,从而获得最终的异常检测特征。算法将字典构造的全局性与地物的局部连续性结合,提高了异常目标检测的可靠性。采用不同混合比例模拟的亚像元数据和两幅真实数据进行实验,结果表明,算法不仅仅获得了比RX等经典算法更高的精度,同时在不同信噪比条件下表现稳健且抗噪能力强。 相似文献
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本文从高光谱数据的非线性本质出发来引入流形学习方法,结合高光谱影像的自身特性,挖掘高光谱影像内部的非线性流形特征,研究高光谱影像的流形学习降维对应的光谱意义解释,构建适合高光谱影像数据特性的非线性流形学习降维理论和方法体系,并在实践上指导后续的高光谱影像分类、目标识别和异常探测等应用。 相似文献
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提出一种基于局部判别正切空间排列(local discriminative tangent space alignment,LDTSA)的高光谱影像降维方法。LDTSA源于局部正切空间排列(LTSA)中的排列机制,在一个局域块内利用线性局部正切平面对类内样本的流形结构建模,同时还考虑到类间判别信息以最大化判别边界。利用多幅高光谱数据进行降维和分类试验。结果表明,LDTSA主要有三个优点:①在小样本问题上性能稳定;②在降维过程中保持类别间的判别信息;③有效挖掘数据集的几何流形结构。 相似文献
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高光谱遥感影像的波段光谱特征是各类地物内在物理化学性质的反映,在对不同地物进行分类与识别时具有巨大潜能,但由于其波段多造成的信息冗余,需要对高光谱数据进行有效降维,以提高高光谱影像的分类准确度。本文提出了基于判别局部片排列的流形学习算法（DLA）对Hypersion高光谱数据进行降维,通过对局部样本数据进行流形学习框架内的优化训练,将原始光谱特征空间转换为低维的最优判别流形子空间,然后在该子空间内利用最大似然分类器对Hypersion影像中的每个像素进行分类,并与主成分分析（PCA）、原始光谱特征（spectral）降维方法的分类效果进行比较。结果表明,DLA能够有效提高高光谱数据的分类准确度,对不同树种分类取得了满意效果。 相似文献
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高光谱图像的高维数给图像的进一步处理带来了困难,为了解决这一问题,本文提出了一种基于独立成分分析的高光谱图像降维分割方法。首先,利用波段子空间划分和标准差对高光谱图像预处理,选择部分波段的高光谱图像作为实验对象;然后利用基于负熵的快速不动点算法对实验数据解混,再根据平均绝对权重系数对波段排序并选取;最后使用模糊C均值聚类算法对降维后的图像进行分割。实验结果表明,该方法能够有效实现高光谱图像降维,并获得较好的分割结果。 相似文献
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Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
C. Bhuiyan R.P. Singh F.N. Kogan 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2006,8(4):289-302
The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw. 相似文献
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地理数据库的关系模型及其实现 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文从以图论观点分析地理实体入手,系统阐述了地理数据库关系模型的设计法和过程。作者于1984年4～9月间在微型机上设计建立了关系型地理数据库的实方验系统(RGDB)。该系统采用了本文提出的关系模型,采用了可动态扩库的子库组合结构,这种结构具有灵活性和提高空间利用率的优点。RGDB含有多种功能的数据操作命令,除了具有一般检索功能外,还能进行“开窗”选取和十分“自由”的映象选取。本文对RGDB系统的主要性能和实现途径作了扼要介绍。 相似文献
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随着城市面貌日新月异,地下管网的建设也在持续推进,作为城市的地下“神经网络”,全天24 h保障城市的正常运转和发展。本文以实现城市管网管理系统的高可用、无插件、智能化为目标,采用“地上地下一体”“二三维一体”的设计理念,研究基于WebGL的三维智慧管网系统的关键技术,实现了管线设施管理的信息数字化、空间化与图形化。 相似文献
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SVG是一种基于XML的用来描述二维矢量图形和矢量/栅格混合图形的标记语言,虽然SVG不是为了面向地理空间数据发布而制定的标准,但它的许多特性都能被广泛地应用到WebGIS中,从而实现矢量WebGIS。由于SVG通过简单的文本语句描述矢量图像,所以SVG通常数据量很小,并且SVG支持GZIP压缩,所以基于SVG构建WebGIS能减轻网络传输负载,加快地图显示速度。SVG内置了对JavaScript的支持,且SVG可通过DOM解析映像成内存中的树型结构,所以客户层可通过JavaScript对DOM的操作实现对地图的缩放、漫游、查询、图层控制等交互操作。 相似文献
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本文在讨论DDE技术的基础上，对MapInfo的DDE机制的实现作了探讨和分析。根据技园区域GIS的实际开发工作，介绍了利用DDE技术在MapInfo中成功地集成Foxpro和Autocad. 相似文献
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遥感技术在土地利用动态监测中的应用 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
金时华 《测绘与空间地理信息》2006,29(1):98-101
主要论述遥感技术在土地监测中的应用,以某地区土地利用动态遥感监测研究项目的运作过程为例进行阐述。首先介绍了土地利用动态监测的具体内容和技术路线。其次,对数据预处理与信息采集的方法与手段进行了探讨。最后,对作业的内、外业主要过程以及应提交的成果作了介绍。 相似文献
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Automatic 3D extraction of building roofs from remotely sensed data is important for many applications including city modelling. This paper proposes a new method for automatic 3D roof extraction through an effective integration of LIDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) data and multispectral orthoimagery. Using the ground height from a DEM (Digital Elevation Model), the raw LIDAR points are separated into two groups. The first group contains the ground points that are exploited to constitute a ‘ground mask’. The second group contains the non-ground points which are segmented using an innovative image line guided segmentation technique to extract the roof planes. The image lines are extracted from the grey-scale version of the orthoimage and then classified into several classes such as ‘ground’, ‘tree’, ‘roof edge’ and ‘roof ridge’ using the ground mask and colour and texture information from the orthoimagery. During segmentation of the non-ground LIDAR points, the lines from the latter two classes are used as baselines to locate the nearby LIDAR points of the neighbouring planes. For each plane a robust seed region is thereby defined using the nearby non-ground LIDAR points of a baseline and this region is iteratively grown to extract the complete roof plane. Finally, a newly proposed rule-based procedure is applied to remove planes constructed on trees. Experimental results show that the proposed method can successfully remove vegetation and so offers high extraction rates. 相似文献
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遥感和GIS技术应用于伊拉克南部Basrah省土地利用/覆盖变化及城市扩张研究(英文) 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
In recent years, land use/cover dynamic change has become a key subject that needs to be dealt with in the study of global
environmental change. In this paper, remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) are integrated to monitor, map,
and quantify the land use/cover change in the southern part of Iraq (Basrah Province was taken as a case) by using a 1:250
000 mapping scale. Remote sensing and GIS software were used to classify Landsat TM in 1990 and Landsat ETM+ in 2003 imagery
into five land use and land cover (LULC) classes: vegetation, sand, urban area, unused land, and water bodies. Supervised
classification and normalized difference build-up index (NDBI) were used respectively to retrieve its urban boundary. An accuracy
assessment was performed on the 2003 LULC map to determine the reliability of the map. Finally, GIS software was used to quantify
and illustrate the various LULC conversions that took place over the 13-year span of time. Results showed that the urban area
had increased by the rate of 1.2% per year, with area expansion from 3 299.1 km2 in 1990 to 3 794.9 km2 in 2003. Large vegetation area in the north and southeast were converted into urban construction land. The land use/cover
changes of Basrah Province were mainly caused by rapid development of the urban economy and population immigration from the
countryside. In addition, the former government policy of “returning farmland to transportation and huge expansion in military
camps” was the major driving force for vegetation land change. The paper concludes that remote sensing and GIS can be used
to create LULC maps. It also notes that the maps generated can be used to delineate the changes that take place over time.
Supported by the Al-Basrah University, Iraq, the Geo-information Science and Technology Program (No. IRT 0438)China). 相似文献