共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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Network transport is an important aspect of geographical information science, transportation, complex networks, etc. Previous studies have shown that the transport capacity of street networks can be enhanced by improving routing algorithms. However, the upper throughput limit of street networks is unknown in detail. This article studies the transport process of networks and finds that any connected network has a maximum throughput depending on the topological and structural properties of the network. Based on this, the maximum throughput of street networks is obtained. Experiments show that when the street network remains unchanged, the maximum throughput of the street network is limited and is dependent on road capacity and average path length, regardless of adopted routing algorithms. Our findings suggest that the throughput of networks can be improved by increasing node capacity or decreasing average path length, but the maximum transport capacity of the network cannot be greater than the ratio of the sum of all the nodes' capacities to the average path length of the network, no matter what routing strategies are adopted. This study is expected to be a starting point for more sophisticated research in network transport, such as evaluating the inherent throughput of an urban street network. 相似文献
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基于GIS的呼和浩特市区街道信息变迁分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于人文地理学、城市地理学理论,运用历史文献和统计分析方法,运用GIS,并参阅呼和浩特市地名志、呼和浩特市新城区志等资料,对近百年来的呼和浩特市街道信息变迁进行分析。研究结果表明,近百年呼和浩特市街道数量明显增多;新建街道主要向东南方向扩展;街道名称的变化反映了不同时期的社会背景。 相似文献
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在线状要素注记配置规则的基础上，分析了城市街道注记自动配置规则，研究了从图面注记到空间目标名称属性的自动转换方法。结合Arc／Info平台的特点，给出了城市街道注记离散化定位的自动推理策略和计算方法，在Arc／Info平台上编程实现了该算法。 相似文献
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为实现第二次全国地名普查成果转化目的,利用普查成果数据,基于WebGIS、大数据、云平台等技术方法,开发了北京市区划地名信息社会服务系统。介绍了系统建设背景及其必要性,详细阐述了系统设计方案、总体架构及其关键技术,深入挖掘地名特色和文化内涵,以讲地名故事、检索地名信息及空间位置、统计地名图表等多种形式,满足社会公众获取权威地名信息的需求。本文以北京市区划地名信息社会服务系统建设为主线,实现全方位、多角度的展示北京市地名普查成果。 相似文献
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地名数据是一种重要的地理信息资源,目前我国的地名数据库建设多局限于国内地名,缺少国外数据。传统地名数据的检索多为关键字查询,查询效率低且无法用于复杂地名查询。文中提出一种基于开源地名数据库GeoNames和开源搜索引擎Solr的地名数据全文检索方法,通过分析GeoNames的数据类型和结构,构建MySQL地名数据库,并利用Solr建立地名索引,提供基于Web服务的地名数据全文检索。实验表明,基于Solr的地名数据全文检索能够显著提高地名数据检索效率,对于复杂地名查询,也能进行有效地检索。 相似文献
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Selection of Streets from a Network Using Self-Organizing Maps 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
We propose a novel approach to selection of important streets from a network, based on the technique of a self‐organizing map (SOM), an artificial neural network algorithm for data clustering and visualization. Using the SOM training process, the approach derives a set of neurons by considering multiple attributes including topological, geometric and semantic properties of streets. The set of neurons constitutes a SOM, with which each neuron corresponds to a set of streets with similar properties. Our approach creates an exploratory linkage between the SOM and a street network, thus providing a visual tool to cluster streets interactively. The approach is validated with a case study applied to the street network in Munich, Germany. 相似文献
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城市突发事件时人员会选择不同的交通方式（步行、驾车等）进行疏散,在交叉口处极易出现人车混行。提出了一种利用反向流和冲突消除策略的人车混行疏散路网优化方法,对主要疏散路径进行人、车流的反向以扩大通行能力,并在交叉口处禁止人、车的部分转向来进行人车分流以消减人车冲突。建立了以平均疏散时间和平均疏散路径长度最小为目标的优化模型,并利用遗传算法求解最优的人车分流方案。以武汉市2 km范围内的路网为例进行实验,并针对不同的人车混合比例进行模型敏感性分析。结果表明,所提方法能通过人车混行网络设计提高疏散效率,在行人比例较高的情况下,平均疏散时间及疏散路径长度的改善较明显。 相似文献
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Street view (panoramic view) services have begun to shift from PC platforms to mobile smart devices. Considering the capabilities of smart terminal devices, a 360° spherical level of detail (LoD) model for mobile street view services that renders panoramic images on the inner surface of a sphere via LoD is proposed in this article. Panoramic images are segmented into tiles and organized in a pyramid tile structure for LoD rendering to improve the rendering efficiency of the proposed model. A projection model between panoramic images and the spherical surface is presented to map the panoramic tiles on the spherical graticule. A street view‐rendering algorithm of panoramic images is proposed with the rendering function of OpenGL for Embedded Systems (OpenGL ES). A street view service app running on Android, based on the proposed approach, is implemented to assess two aspects of the panoramic view model, namely visualization effect and efficiency. Experiment results reveal that the 360° spherical LoD model of the panoramic image can display 3D street view scenes better than the cubic panoramic view model. The proposed model also has an excellent 3D visualization effect and high‐efficiency rendering ability for mobile street view services. Therefore, it is applicable in large‐scale mobile street view services both online and offline and in augmented reality navigation. 相似文献
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This article presents a novel open source toolbox for street network comparison based on the Sextante geoprocessing framework for the open source Geographic Information System Quantum GIS (QGIS). In the spirit of open science, the toolbox enables researchers worldwide to assess the quality of street networks such as OpenStreetMap (OSM) by calculating key performance indicators commonly used in street network comparison studies. Additionally, we suggest two new performance indicators for turn restriction and one‐way street comparisons specifically aimed at testing street network quality for routing. We demonstrate the use of this toolbox by comparing OSM and the official Austrian reference graph “Graph Integration Platform” (GIP) in the greater Vienna region. 相似文献
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Qi Zhou 《Transactions in GIS》2015,19(6):848-876
Delineated built‐up areas may be used for applications such as navigation, database enrichment and the identification of urban sprawl. As more road network data have become available, many studies have considered using road network data to delineate built‐up areas. This study investigated the three existing approaches to delineating built‐up areas on a map: the grid‐based approach, kernel density analysis and an approach based on street blocks. These approaches are evaluated and compared from three angles. First, two measures were proposed to quantitatively evaluate the land area of the delineated built‐up areas; second, a questionnaire was designed to visually compare the representations of the delineated built‐up areas; and, third, the time complexity of using each approach was tested. The three approaches were applied to different sets of road network data for New Zealand; data from buildings and residential areas were used as benchmarks. The results showed that: (1) in a quantitative assessment, both the grid‐based approach and kernel density analysis can usually detect more built‐up areas than the approach based on street blocks; (2) on visual inspection, most of the students who completed the questionnaire performed the representations using the approach based on street blocks; and (3) in time complexity, the approach based on street blocks always takes the least time. 相似文献
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Reference data enhancement for geographic information retrieval using linked data 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1 
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下载免费PDF全文 Tiago H. V. M. Moura Clodoveu A. Davis Jr. Frederico T. Fonseca 《Transactions in GIS》2017,21(4):683-700
Gazetteers are instrumental in recognizing place names in documents such as Web pages, news, and social media messages. However, creating and maintaining gazetteers is still a complex task. Even though some online gazetteers provide rich sets of geographic names in planetary scale (e.g. GeoNames), other sources must be used to recognize references to urban locations, such as street names, neighborhood names or landmarks. We propose integrating Linked Data sources to create a gazetteer that combines a broad coverage of places with urban detail, including content on geographic and semantic relationships involving places, their multiple names and related non‐geographic entities. Our final goal is to expand the possibilities for recognizing, disambiguating and filtering references to places in texts for geographic information retrieval (GIR) and related applications. The resulting ontological gazetteer, named LoG (Linked OntoGazetteer), is accessible through Web services by applications and research initiatives on GIR, text processing, named entity recognition and others. The gazetteer currently contains over 13 million places, 140 million attributes and relationships, and 4.5 million non‐geographic entities. Data sources include GeoNames, Freebase, DBPedia and LinkedGeoData, which is based on OpenStreetMap data. An analysis on how these datasets overlap and complement one another is also presented. 相似文献
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结合济宁市基础地理信息数据整合及地名地址数据库建设项目介绍了地名地址数据采集方法,并利用先进的自主开发软件程序完成了数据编辑、入库等工作,解决了数据转换、入库数据丢失和错漏的问题,实现了无损转换和无缝衔接,提高了工作效率,为其他地区开展地名地址数据采集和建库工作积累了经验,提供了参考。 相似文献
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中文地名识别是命名实体识别的重要研究课题之一,也是提高地理信息系统应用水平的关键。传统的地名识别主要基于词性或地名要素特征,特征类型有限。提出了一种基于复合特征的中文地名识别方法,挖掘中文地名在自然语言中的特点,设计了类型、路径、距离和数量四种句法特征,基于地名要素特征、词性特征、句法特征三种复合特征利用条件随机场模型实现了中文地名的训练和识别。通过实验对比复合特征在中文地名识别方法的效果,结果表明复合特征能够有效提高中文地名识别的准确率和召回率,尤其是对于复杂地名的识别,具有良好的效果。 相似文献
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Various network model creation algorithms have been introduced to demonstrate a better approximation of the actual walking pattern and to provide a better wayfinding guide. However, it is under‐investigated which algorithm creates the most appropriate indoor navigation network model in the context of wayfinding applications. Due to the lack of discussion, some studies unconsciously extended an algorithm designed for creating an outdoor navigation network model to indoor space applications. This is problematic because indoor space has different spatial contexts from outdoor space, such as non‐linear space and no‐designated walking space. Our solution is to select five well‐known algorithms that have been introduced, to reproduce the algorithm for the automated construction of the indoor navigation network model, and to evaluate the applicability of algorithms for indoor wayfinding applications. This article compares the quality of wayfinding results from the output of the indoor navigation network model against two criteria: route efficiency (i.e., length) and route simplicity (i.e., number of directions). Our statistical analysis illustrates that the visibility graph algorithm is the most appropriate for indoor wayfinding applications. 相似文献
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介绍了在地图缩编中因道路符号所对应的实际尺寸加宽而破坏了建筑物与道路符号的正确关系时,针对第二、三、四类建筑物进行移位所涉及的数学方法,并给出了实验结果。最后,介绍了用栅格探测加矢量计算法对移位后可能产生的要素间的后继图形冲突所进行的探测,以及消除后继冲突的方法。 相似文献
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点状地名信息的加权泰森多边形检索法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
鉴于地名库中多数地名仅以中心点坐标形式记录其空间位置信息,缺乏其空间范围的具体描述,造成地名检索中的片面性和局限性,本文在深入分析地名及其空间属性、空间关系的基础上,考虑同类型地名的不同性质在检索中的重要作用,利用泰森多边形在地名边界近似中的优势,提出了针对点状地名信息的加权泰森多边形检索法,依据同类型地名的面积属性作为权重指标构建泰森多边形,以近似表达地名的空间范围,进而描述地名间的各类空间关系;并从拓扑关系、方位关系与距离关系3个方面给出了具体公式以计算地名间的空间相似性;最后以行政区划边界近似与检索为例验证该方法。试验结果表明,该方法可较好地近似表达地名空间范围及空间关系,增强了检索词与地理信息资源在空间位置上的相似性度量,检索结果优于传统方法。 相似文献
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提取道路中心线并建立道路网络是网络分析和地图综合中的基本问题,本文提出了利用约束Delaunay算法形成道路约束三角形网,并在此基础上提取道路中心线,形成道路中心线及建立网络。强调在提取过程中要注意的几个关键问题,并提出了解决方法。 相似文献