共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 468 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
测绘地理信息标准是推动测绘地理信息技术进步、保障测绘地理信息成果质量的基础,是促进测绘地理信息事业转型发展、提升测绘地理信息服务保障能力的重要技术支撑,对测绘地理信息技术进步、产业升级和事业发展具有重要的作用。通过对测绘地理信息标准的主要类型、三大国际测绘地理信息标准组织的标准分类体系进行详细介绍,分析测绘地理信息标准未来发展趋势,为国内测绘地理信息标准的制修订工作提供借鉴。 相似文献
8.
9.
从广东省测绘地理信息技术的发展及地方标准建设的实际出发,结合本省数据建设的基本需要,总结并探讨广东省测绘地理信息地方标准体系的建设内容和保障机制,提出测绘地理信息地方标准建设的必要性和迫切性。 相似文献
10.
为了做好城市测绘地理信息生产、管理、应用标准化的顶层设计,城市测绘地理信息标准体系建设势在必行。该文分析了国内外标准体系的现状和城市测绘地理信息标准体系的特点,提出了城市标准体系构建原则、方法和技术路线,并在国家两大标准体系指导下,利用UML统一建模语言,构建了从采集到服务、从基础到专项、从地上到地下的城市测绘地理信息标准体系层次模型及框架,同时以南京市为例开展标准体系的实践,在全国率先构建了首个层次清晰、结构合理的城市测绘地理信息标准体系。 相似文献
11.
Michael Batty Robin Morphet Paolo Masucci Kiril Stanilov 《Journal of Geographical Systems》2014,16(4):363-385
We pose the central problem of defining a measure of complexity, specifically for spatial systems in general, city systems in particular. The measures we adopt are based on Shannon’s (in Bell Syst Tech J 27:379–423, 623–656, 1948) definition of information. We introduce this measure and argue that increasing information is equivalent to increasing complexity, and we show that for spatial distributions, this involves a trade-off between the density of the distribution and the number of events that characterize it; as cities get bigger and are characterized by more events—more places or locations, information increases, all other things being equal. But sometimes the distribution changes at a faster rate than the number of events and thus information can decrease even if a city grows. We develop these ideas using various information measures. We first demonstrate their applicability to various distributions of population in London over the last 100 years, then to a wider region of London which is divided into bands of zones at increasing distances from the core, and finally to the evolution of the street system that characterizes the built-up area of London from 1786 to the present day. We conclude by arguing that we need to relate these measures to other measures of complexity, to choose a wider array of examples, and to extend the analysis to two-dimensional spatial systems. 相似文献
12.
Integrating a GIS has been a common way to combine the functionality of two or more systems for some time. A three-dimensional model of integration is described which shows the range of linkages that can be achieved. Extremely flexible and dynamic linkages between systems can now be created through the recent advances of client/server and object-oriented technology. An expert system shell is coupled with a GIS to create a generic spatial rule-based toolbox called SES (spatial expert shell). An expert system developer using this toolbox can transparently access spatial data and relationships from a GIS by linking application objects to spatial classes. These spatial classes include methods that format and send requests to the GIS server. Thus the linkage is determined at run-time allowing a flexible interwoven interaction between the expert system and the GIS. 相似文献
13.
《制图学和地理信息科学》2013,40(1):17-23
The qibla problem—determination of the direction to Mecca—has given rise to retro-azimuthal map projections, an interesting, albeit unusual and little known, class of map projections. Principal contributors to this subject were Craig and Hammer, both writing in 1910. A property of retro-azimuthal projections is that the parallels are bent downwards towards the equator. The resulting maps, when extended to the entire world, thus must overlap themselves. An unusual recent discovery from Iran suggests that Muslims might have been prior inventors of a similar projection, by at least several centuries. A later corollary by Schoy leads to a new "cylindrical" azimuthal map projection with parallels bending away from the equator, here illustrated for the first time. 相似文献
14.
Categorical maps, comparisons, and confidence 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The comparison of categorical maps is a common problem in several different contexts. Differences between categorical maps can be characterized and measured in a variety of ways. In 2004 we invited individuals from remote sensing, geographical information analysis, spatial modelling, and landscape ecology to participate in a virtual workshop in order to compare strategies for comparison. This revealed that the key dimensions of comparison relate to (1) the map characteristics considered, (2) the nature of the comparison, (3) the handling of geographical space, (4) the units of computed measures, and (5) the tests of significance.Ferko Csillag deceased 相似文献
15.
16.
Economic, legal, and public policy issues influencing the creation, accessibility, and use of GIS databases 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
DAVID W RHIND 《Transactions in GIS》1996,1(1):3-12
Rhind (1992) argued that government data policies and Intellectual Property Righr (IPR) considerations would play an increasingly large role in influencing the use of GIS. This has proved to be correct in general but the non-technical factors affecting data collection, supply, and price have become ever more complex. Indeed, one characteristic of the present situation is that it is now impossible to consider the legal, economic, and public policy issues in isolation. Consequently, this paper sets out to identify the interactions between them and the areas of conflict. It draws upon the literature of a much wider area than traditional GIS. This approach is essential because of two factors. The first is that GIS databases are presently of modest commercial value compared to some other data and hence key decisions on IPR, etc are being made outside our discipline. The second is that the nature of GIS databases is mutating rapidly through the wider use of multi-media and of the internet. It is concluded that the future is largely unpredictable in any detail since the interactions differ in different countries and at different moments in time. In many cases, however, revenue generation from sales or leasing of data or from services built upon data exploitation is likely to be a characteristic of both the public and the private sectors. Such charging has observable beneficial effects to set against the frequently claimed disadvantages, whether measured in financial, legal, or public access terms. 相似文献
17.
18.
19.
20.