共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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在提出地名本体的基本概念之后,根据基于地理空间语义网的日常地理信息查询需要,进行了地名本体的概念设计,提出了通过复用地名词典和地理主题词表构建地名本体的概念框架和设计方法;提出地名本体由地理实体本体、实体类型本体和空间关系本体3种地理本体构成,并详细介绍了其设计结构。 相似文献
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Geo-ontology Tools: The Missing Link 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Numerous authors have presented ontology building tools that have all been developed as part of academic projects and that are usually adaptations of more generic tools for geo-spatial applications. While we trust that these tools do their job for the special purpose they have been built, the GIScience user community is still a long way away from off-the-shelf ontology builders that can be used by GIS project managers. In this article, we present a comparative study of ontology building tools described in some twenty peer-reviewed GIScience journal articles. We analyze them from the perspective of two application domains, crime analysis and transportation/land use. For the latter, we developed a database schema, which is substantially different from the three main templates commonly used. The crime analysis application uses a rule base for an agent-based model that had no precursor. In both cases, the currently available set of tools cannot replace manual coding of ontologies for use with ESRI-based application software. Based on these experiences, we outline a requirements list of what the tools described in the first part of the article are missing to make them practical from an applications perspective. The result is an R&D agenda for this important aspect of GIScience. 相似文献
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This paper presents ongoing research in the field of extensional mappings between ontologies. Hitherto, the task of generating mappings between ontologies has focused on the intensional level of ontologies. The term intensional level herein, refers to the set of concepts that are included in an ontology. However, an ontology that has been created for a specific task or application needs to be populated with instances. These comprise the extensional level of an ontology. This particular level is generally neglected during the ontologies’ integration procedure. Thus, although methodologies of geographic ontologies integration, ranging from alignment to true integration, have, in the course of years, presented a solid ground for information exchange, little has been done in exploring the relationships between the data. In this context, this research strives to set a framework for extensional mappings between ontologies using Information Flow Theory by presenting a case study of interoperability between the thematic content of maps. 相似文献
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基于本体协同的空间信息互操作方法 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7
提出了基于标准空间信息本体和混合结构语义本体协同的地理信息系统互操作，通过本体的协同实现基于标准空间本体的异构空间信息互通和基于异构语义本体分级匹配的空间信息重分类及语义互操作。 相似文献
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基于描述逻辑本体的GIS多重表达 总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7
多重表达是地理信息弹性表达和弹性存取的一个内在要求,它实质上提供了一个多尺度、多应用主题的数据集成机制。多重表达的建模不能仅限于数据库中多重几何特征的一致性表达,还必须支持不同语义粒度、不同应用主题下语义特征的弹性描述。基于形式化本体的地理信息建模更贴近于认知模型,还有助于语义表达以及基于语义的信息集成和共享。通过经典描述逻辑中具体域以及context的扩展,满足区域拓扑和上下文语义形式化描述的需要;给出一个基于描述逻辑的多表达地理本体方案,该方案能够为数据库中几何信息和语义信息的弹性表达提供一个统一的基于逻辑的模型理论基础。 相似文献
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Geospatial Ontology Development and Semantic Analytics 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
I Budak Arpinar Amit Sheth Cartic Ramakrishnan E Lynn Usery Molly Azami Mei-Po Kwan 《Transactions in GIS》2006,10(4):551-575
Geospatial ontology development and semantic knowledge discovery addresses the need for modeling, analyzing and visualizing multimodal information, and is unique in offering integrated analytics that encompasses spatial, temporal and thematic dimensions of information and knowledge. The comprehensive ability to provide integrated analysis from multiple forms of information and use of explicit knowledge make this approach unique. This also involves specification of spatiotemporal thematic ontologies and populating such ontologies with high quality knowledge. Such ontologies form the basis for defining the meaning of important relations terms, such as near or surrounded by, and enable computation of spatiotemporal thematic proximity measures we define. SWETO (Semantic Web Technology Evaluation Ontology) and geospatial extension SWETO‐GS are examples of these ontologies. The Geospatial Semantics Analytics (GSA) framework incorporates: (1) the ability to automatically and semi‐automatically tract metadata from syntactically (including unstructured, semi‐structured and structured data) and semantically heterogeneous and multimodal data from diverse sources; and (2) analytical processing that exploits these ontologies and associated knowledge bases, with integral support for what we term spatiotemporal thematic proximity (STTP) reasoning and interactive visualization capabilities. This paper discusses the results of our geospatial ontology development efforts as well as some new semantic analytics methods on this ontology such as STTP. 相似文献
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Krzysztof Janowicz 《Transactions in GIS》2012,16(3):351-374
Big Data, Linked Data, Smart Dust, Digital Earth, and e‐Science are just some of the names for research trends that surfaced over the last years. While all of them address different visions and needs, they share a common theme: How do we manage massive amounts of heterogeneous data, derive knowledge out of them instead of drowning in information, and how do we make our findings reproducible and reusable by others? In a network of knowledge, topics span across scientific disciplines and the idea of domain ontologies as common agreements seems like an illusion. In this work, we argue that these trends require a radical paradigm shift in ontology engineering away from a small number of authoritative, global ontologies developed top‐down, to a high number of local ontologies that are driven by application needs and developed bottom‐up out of observation data. Similarly as the early Web was replaced by a social Web in which volunteers produce data instead of purely consuming it, the next generation of knowledge infrastructures has to enable users to become knowledge engineers themselves. Surprisingly, existing ontology engineering frameworks are not well suited for this new perspective. Hence, we propose an observation‐driven ontology engineering framework, show how its layers can be realized using specific methodologies, and relate the framework to existing work on geo‐ontologies. 相似文献
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Monitoring soil moisture with satellite sensors is an effective approach for agricultural drought assessment. Currently, large quantities of sensor-derived observation data with different observation metadata models exist, and they require efficient and accurate methods of discovery. In this study, an earth observation (EO) metadata ontology with a spatiotemporal-spectral-enhanced structure is designed to solve this problem. The ontology is based on the proposed EO metadata model, which is composed of nonfunctional and functional sub-modules and supports the Open Geospatial Consortium EO profile of observations and measurements. Using EO metadata ontology, an application for soil moisture monitoring in Hubei Province in China is tested. The results indicate that metadata retrieval with a spatiotemporal-spectral-enhanced method can efficiently achieve fine-grained discovery of qualified EO metadata and obtain soil moisture monitoring information from sensor images. In summary, the spatiotemporal-spectral semantics in the proposed ontology demonstrate the use of EO metadata in the context of a soil moisture monitoring application, improving the efficiency and accuracy of EO metadata discovery. 相似文献
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地理要素的变化与建设工程行政审批事项密切相关,主要研究面向建设工程行政审批事项的地理要素更新与应用,提出了将建筑本体及其周边地理本体以及由其引起的事件进行关联融合的方法。通过引入4D流本体框架,面向建设工程中建筑规划、建筑产生、建筑持存和建筑消亡4个阶段,设计了建设工程全生命周期时空数据模型,并以建筑本体中的房屋要素为例,开展了地理要素及其对应事件的更新应用研究。研究表明,该模型能够完整记录建筑本体的状态并对其生命周期进行连续性描述,实现了基于建筑本体生命周期的地理本体和要素事件的关联和融合。研究成果对于开展基于事件的地理要素更新、主题分析、专题规划设计等工作具有重要的理论价值和实践意义。 相似文献
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简介GIS互操作和本体理论,以及本体建模语言DAML+OIL。讨论了本体理论在解决GIS互操作中的作用,并给出了使用DAML+OIL构建地理本体在GIS中简单应用实例。 相似文献
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Denis J Dean 《Transactions in GIS》2007,11(3):399-412
Developing an ontology that succinctly describes the contents of a spatial database is a very difficult undertaking. Yet most current efforts to develop spatial ontologies remain focused on describing content. Ontologies describing other aspects of spatial databases may prove to be much easier to develop and nearly as useful as content ontologies, and yet these alternative ontologies have received little attention from the research community. This paper explores one such alternative, specifically, an ontology that describes how a spatial database may have been derived. Derivation ontologies are shown to be highly complementary to content ontologies, and in some cases can perform nearly identical tasks. It is also shown that derivation ontologies are much more straightforward to develop than are content ontologies. Finally, we present a genetic programming (GP)‐based approach to automatically developing derivation ontologies for existing databases. It is concluded that while derivation ontologies cannot replace content ontologies, they are a useful and practical complement that offer their own unique set of strengths to the problem of semantically characterizing spatial data. 相似文献
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The paper gives an overview of the current status of education in geoinformatics in China. First, the paper provides a brief introduction to the history of geoinformatics education in China and a general review of the scientific and technological development. It then presents how the development affects the education and training in China. In the paper, universities and institutes in China that can award academic degrees related to geoinformatics are summarized, and undergraduate majors are briefly introduced. Next, the paper reports the work having been done by the national expert group on Surveying and Mapping, including the revision of discipline catalog and guide for graduate education and requirements. A list of typical curricula in geoinformatics education is suggested. Activities on promoting the graduate student exchange platform are presented. Finally, a case study of geoinformatics education in Wuhan University is discussed. 相似文献
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We consider the problem of enabling interoperability and information sharing among geospatial applications that use ontologies to describe their concepts and the relationships among them. We present two fully automatic alignment methods that use the graph structures of a pair of ontologies to establish their alignment, that is, the semantic correspondences between their concepts. We have tested our methods on geospatial ontologies pertaining to wetlands and four other pairs that belong to a repository that has been used in the Ontology Alignment Evaluation Initiative (OAEI). Using these ontologies, we have compared the effectiveness (precision and recall) of our methods against the Similarity Flooding Algorithm that was proposed by others and show that for each of the tested ontologies one of our methods is at least as effective as their method. We have tuned the performance of our methods by introducing a greedy approach that reduces the number of concepts that get compared. This approach reduces runtime by approximately 30% with a minor compromise to the effectiveness of the results. To further validate our approach, we participated in the OAEI competition to align a pair of ontologies, each with a few thousand concepts. 相似文献
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Naicong Li Robert Raskin Michael Goodchild Krzysztof Janowicz 《Transactions in GIS》2012,16(3):313-329
Numerous systems and tools have been developed for spatial decision support (SDS), but they generally suffer from a lack of re‐usability, inconsistent terminology, and weak conceptualization. We introduce a collaborative effort by the SDS Consortium to build a SDS knowledge portal. We present the formal representation of knowledge about SDS, the various ontologies captured and made accessible by the portal, and the processes used to create them. We describe the portal in action, and the ways in which users can search, browse, and make use of its content. Finally, we discuss the lessons learned from this effort, and future development directions. Our work demonstrates how ontologies and semantic technologies can support the documentation and retrieval of dynamic knowledge in GIScience by offering flexible schemata instead of fixed data structures. 相似文献
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为了解决土地利用信息领域由认知差异和语义描述引起的歧义,本文以本体为理论基础,建立了土地利用信息本体逻辑结构,同时以广西临桂新区"智慧城市"建设中的土地利用信息为载体构建土地利用信息领域本体,对该领域的各类本体进行语义形式化表达,实现了语义互操作。最后用Oracle Spatial对信息本体进行组织存储,为土地资源信息的无缝共享提供了借鉴。 相似文献
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传统的GIS应用以空间数据库为中心进行组织,而异构的空间数据库之间因为缺乏被计算机所理解的语义知识,很难解决日益增长的异构的GIS应用之间的互操作的需求。本体（ontology）技术被看成是解决不同应用系统之间的异构性以及互操作难题的一个重要途径。传统的地理本体需要通过领域专家人工建立,比较耗费时间。本文提出一种从已经存在的空间数据库中提取出地理本体的方法,来解决异构系统中本体获取困难的问题。 相似文献
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Using Ontologies for Integrated Geographic Information Systems 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
Frederico T. Fonseca Max J. Egenhofer Peggy Agouris & Gilberto Câmara 《Transactions in GIS》2002,6(3):231-257
Today, there is a huge amount of data gathered about the Earth, not only from new spatial information systems, but also from new and more sophisticated data collection technologies. This scenario leads to a number of interesting research challenges, such as how to integrate geographic information of different kinds. The basic motivation of this paper is to introduce a GIS architecture that can enable geographic information integration in a seamless and flexible way based on its semantic value and regardless of its representation. The proposed solution is an ontology-driven geographic information system that acts as a system integrator. In this system, an ontology is a component, such as the database, cooperating to fulfill the system's objectives. By browsing through ontologies the users can be provided with information about the embedded knowledge of the system. Special emphasis is given to the case of remote sensing systems and geographic information systems. The levels of ontologies can be used to guide processes for the extraction of more general or more detailed information. The use of multiple ontologies allows the extraction of information in different stages of classification. The semantic integration of aerial images and GIS is a crucial step towards better geospatial modeling. 相似文献