共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
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结合随机森林面向对象的森林资源分类 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
针对森林资源分类研究较少且缺少相对简单有效的方法的情况,提出一种结合面向对象和随机森林的森林资源分类方法。面向对象分割技术可减少“椒盐效应”,随机森林分类算法具有高准确度、抗噪声能力强、性能稳定等优势。鉴于此,通过调整面向对象的分割参数,构造最优特征空间及估算随机森林中决策树的数量等,构建了最优的面向对象随机森林分类模型。另外,选择了SVM算法作对比试验。试验结果显示,本文分类算法的总体精度达到83.34%,Kappa系数为0.7892,明显高于SVM,能够有效提高森林资源分类的精度。 相似文献
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基于多波束的声学底质分类是近年来快速发展起来的新型海底底质探测技术.针对多波束声学底质分类中底质类型多样化、类型之间差异较小等多分类难点问题,本文提出一种GA-SVM-AdaBoost算法.利用自适应性和全局搜索能力强的遗传算法(genetic algorithm,GA)去优化支持向量机(support vector machines,SVM),以获得最优模型初始参数,并将多个GA优化后的SVM作为弱分类器组成AdaBoost强分类器.对胶州湾采集到的多波束反向散射强度数据,经过精细处理后生成海底声呐镶嵌图;构建SVM-RFE-CBR算法从提取的36维声强空间特征中筛选出10维优势特征,将其输入到GA-SVM-AdaBoost模型中进行分类识别.通过与SVM、GA-SVM、基于单层决策树的AdaBoost分类模型对比,GA-SVM-AdaBoost算法的总体分类精度高达92.19％,优于另外3种模型,证明GA-SVM-AdaBoost分类模型可有效应用于高精度海底底质类型识别. 相似文献
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利用混合光谱分解与SVM估算不透水面覆盖率 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
对比了线性混合光谱分解模型(SMA)与支持向量机(SVM)在TM影像上估算不透水面覆盖率(ISP)的精度,通过SVM模型拟合TM像元光谱特征与样本ISP间的关联而获得对未知像元ISP的估算能力。对于天津市主城区的TM影像,选择学校区、工矿区和住宅区的高分辨率影像分类结果作为训练样本(7020个)和验证样本(1500个),SVM模型的ISP估算均方差(15.4%)优于SMA估算结果(19.4%);在增加缨帽变化“绿度分量”及混合光谱分解“高反射率分量”作为SVM特征变量后,ISP估算精度提高为12%。研究结果表明：SVM模型能够拟合各像元光谱组分间非线性关系且具有较好小样本泛化的性能,适用于地面样本较少的大区域ISP制图;增加与ISP相关性大的光谱特征向量作为SVM输入能提供更多的区域地物空间分布信息,能够调整无样本的地表类型的ISP估算值,提高区域ISP估算的整体精度。 相似文献
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《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2015,(9)
针对基于像素或基于区域的马尔科夫随机场(Markov random field,MRF)模型仅能描述单一层次影像数据特性的局限,提出了一种综合像素和区域特性的多层次MRF模型,以提高MRF模型表达遥感数据层次特性的能力。为利用高分辨率遥感影像几何结构信息来提高不同地物的可区分性,提出了一种描述地物结构特性的形状特征,用于区分光谱特性相似的不同地物。本文的分类算法包括两个过程:首先,基于像素和区域特征,采用多层次MRF模型进行初始分类;然后,基于形状特征采用SVM对第一步分类结果中易混淆的地物进行分类。根据不同地物采用合适特征量描述可在特征空间中增加可区分性的事实,采用形状特征对基于层次MRF模型的错分类别进行再分类可有效改善分类精度。同现有基于单一层次的方法相比,实验结果表明该算法的分类性能有了明显的改善。 相似文献
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针对卷积神经网络特征维度高且单层特征不能准确表达复杂高分辨率遥感影像语义信息的问题,本文提出了一种提取低维卷积神经网络（LDCNN）深层次特征进行多核SVM分类的场景分类方法。首先将预训练的卷积神经网络改造成低维网络结构,其次提取低维网络的不同深层特征并进行不同核函数的SVM分类,找到对应的最优核函数;然后将多种最优核函数加权融合成为一个新的合成核;最后进行多核SVM分类。试验表明,本文方法不仅特征维度低,且通过多核SVM能够充分结合各层特征的优点,在两个标准数据集上均取得了99%以上的分类精度。此外,该试验还证明了本文方法具有较强的迁移学习能力。 相似文献
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城市道路的多特征多核SVM提取方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对高分辨率遥感影像中城市道路提取的复杂性及SVM的分类性能,提出了一种城市道路的多特征多核SVM提取方法。首先利用FCM算法将原始影像粗分为建成区和非建成区两类,剔除非建成区;然后根据分水岭分割算法分割建成区并提取分割对象的光谱特征与空间特征,以全局核函数和局部核函数加权组合的方式构建多核SVM对建成区进行二次分类,去除建成区中的建筑物等非道路信息;最后利用数学形态学处理,获得最终的道路提取结果。试验结果表明：文中所提方法能够较精确地提取城市道路信息,分类精度高于单核SVM提取及其他对比方法。 相似文献
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Monitoring drought dynamics in the Aravalli region (India) using different indices based on ground and remote sensing data 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
C. Bhuiyan R.P. Singh F.N. Kogan 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2006,8(4):289-302
The hard-rock hilly Aravalli terrain of Rajasthan province of India suffers with frequent drought due to poor and delayed monsoon, abnormally high summer-temperature and insufficient water resources. In the present study, detailed analysis of meteorological and hydrological data of the Aravalli region has been carried out for the years 1984–2003. Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) has been used to quantify the precipitation deficit. Standardised Water-Level Index (SWI) has been developed to assess ground-water recharge-deficit. Vegetative drought indices like Vegetation Condition Index (VCI) and Temperature Condition Index (TCI) and Vegetation Health Index (VHI) have been computed using NDVI values obtained from Global Vegetation Index (GVI) and thermal channel data of NOAA AVHRR satellite. Detailed analyses of spatial and temporal drought dynamics during monsoon and non-monsoon seasons have been carried out through drought index maps generated in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) environment. Analysis and interpretation of these maps reveal that negative SPI anomalies not always correspond to drought. In the Aravalli region, aquifer-stress shifts its position time to time, and in certain pockets it is more frequent. In comparison to hydrological stress, vegetative stress in the Aravalli region is found to be slower to begin but quicker to withdraw. 相似文献
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SVG是一种基于XML的用来描述二维矢量图形和矢量/栅格混合图形的标记语言,虽然SVG不是为了面向地理空间数据发布而制定的标准,但它的许多特性都能被广泛地应用到WebGIS中,从而实现矢量WebGIS。由于SVG通过简单的文本语句描述矢量图像,所以SVG通常数据量很小,并且SVG支持GZIP压缩,所以基于SVG构建WebGIS能减轻网络传输负载,加快地图显示速度。SVG内置了对JavaScript的支持,且SVG可通过DOM解析映像成内存中的树型结构,所以客户层可通过JavaScript对DOM的操作实现对地图的缩放、漫游、查询、图层控制等交互操作。 相似文献
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本文在讨论DDE技术的基础上，对MapInfo的DDE机制的实现作了探讨和分析。根据技园区域GIS的实际开发工作，介绍了利用DDE技术在MapInfo中成功地集成Foxpro和Autocad. 相似文献
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遥感技术在土地利用动态监测中的应用 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
金时华 《测绘与空间地理信息》2006,29(1):98-101
主要论述遥感技术在土地监测中的应用,以某地区土地利用动态遥感监测研究项目的运作过程为例进行阐述。首先介绍了土地利用动态监测的具体内容和技术路线。其次,对数据预处理与信息采集的方法与手段进行了探讨。最后,对作业的内、外业主要过程以及应提交的成果作了介绍。 相似文献
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地理数据库的关系模型及其实现 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文从以图论观点分析地理实体入手,系统阐述了地理数据库关系模型的设计法和过程。作者于1984年4～9月间在微型机上设计建立了关系型地理数据库的实方验系统(RGDB)。该系统采用了本文提出的关系模型,采用了可动态扩库的子库组合结构,这种结构具有灵活性和提高空间利用率的优点。RGDB含有多种功能的数据操作命令,除了具有一般检索功能外,还能进行“开窗”选取和十分“自由”的映象选取。本文对RGDB系统的主要性能和实现途径作了扼要介绍。 相似文献
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Automatic 3D extraction of building roofs from remotely sensed data is important for many applications including city modelling. This paper proposes a new method for automatic 3D roof extraction through an effective integration of LIDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) data and multispectral orthoimagery. Using the ground height from a DEM (Digital Elevation Model), the raw LIDAR points are separated into two groups. The first group contains the ground points that are exploited to constitute a ‘ground mask’. The second group contains the non-ground points which are segmented using an innovative image line guided segmentation technique to extract the roof planes. The image lines are extracted from the grey-scale version of the orthoimage and then classified into several classes such as ‘ground’, ‘tree’, ‘roof edge’ and ‘roof ridge’ using the ground mask and colour and texture information from the orthoimagery. During segmentation of the non-ground LIDAR points, the lines from the latter two classes are used as baselines to locate the nearby LIDAR points of the neighbouring planes. For each plane a robust seed region is thereby defined using the nearby non-ground LIDAR points of a baseline and this region is iteratively grown to extract the complete roof plane. Finally, a newly proposed rule-based procedure is applied to remove planes constructed on trees. Experimental results show that the proposed method can successfully remove vegetation and so offers high extraction rates. 相似文献
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遥感和GIS技术应用于伊拉克南部Basrah省土地利用/覆盖变化及城市扩张研究(英文) 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
In recent years, land use/cover dynamic change has become a key subject that needs to be dealt with in the study of global
environmental change. In this paper, remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) are integrated to monitor, map,
and quantify the land use/cover change in the southern part of Iraq (Basrah Province was taken as a case) by using a 1:250
000 mapping scale. Remote sensing and GIS software were used to classify Landsat TM in 1990 and Landsat ETM+ in 2003 imagery
into five land use and land cover (LULC) classes: vegetation, sand, urban area, unused land, and water bodies. Supervised
classification and normalized difference build-up index (NDBI) were used respectively to retrieve its urban boundary. An accuracy
assessment was performed on the 2003 LULC map to determine the reliability of the map. Finally, GIS software was used to quantify
and illustrate the various LULC conversions that took place over the 13-year span of time. Results showed that the urban area
had increased by the rate of 1.2% per year, with area expansion from 3 299.1 km2 in 1990 to 3 794.9 km2 in 2003. Large vegetation area in the north and southeast were converted into urban construction land. The land use/cover
changes of Basrah Province were mainly caused by rapid development of the urban economy and population immigration from the
countryside. In addition, the former government policy of “returning farmland to transportation and huge expansion in military
camps” was the major driving force for vegetation land change. The paper concludes that remote sensing and GIS can be used
to create LULC maps. It also notes that the maps generated can be used to delineate the changes that take place over time.
Supported by the Al-Basrah University, Iraq, the Geo-information Science and Technology Program (No. IRT 0438)China). 相似文献
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随着城市面貌日新月异,地下管网的建设也在持续推进,作为城市的地下“神经网络”,全天24 h保障城市的正常运转和发展。本文以实现城市管网管理系统的高可用、无插件、智能化为目标,采用“地上地下一体”“二三维一体”的设计理念,研究基于WebGL的三维智慧管网系统的关键技术,实现了管线设施管理的信息数字化、空间化与图形化。 相似文献
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We aim a better understanding of the effect of spring-time snow melt on the remotely sensed scene reflectance by using an extensive amount of optical spectral data obtained from an airborne hyperspectral campaign in Northern Finland. We investigate the behaviour of thin snow reflectance for different land cover types, such as open areas, boreal forests and treeless fells. Our results not only confirm the generally known fact that the reflectance of a melting thin snow layer is considerably lower than that of a thick snow layer, but we also present analyses of the reflectance variation over different land covers and in boreal forests as a function of canopy coverage. According to common knowledge, the highly variating reflectance spectra of partially transparent, most likely also contaminated thin snow pack weakens the performance of snow detection algorithms, in particular in the mapping of Fractional Snow Cover (FSC) during the end of the melting period. The obtained results directly support further development of the SCAmod algorithm for FSC retrieval, and can be likewise applied to develop other algorithms for optical satellite data (e.g. spectral unmixing methods), and to perform accuracy assessments for snow detection algorithms.A useful part of this work is the investigation of the competence of Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI) in snow detection in late spring, since it is widely used in snow mapping. We conclude, based on the spectral data analysis, that the NDSI -based snow mapping is more accurate in open areas than in forests. However, at the very end of the snow melting period the behavior of the NDSI becomes more unstable and unpredictable in non-forests with shallow snow, increasing the inaccuracy also in non-forested areas. For instance in peatbogs covered by melting snow layer (snow depth < 30 cm) the mean NDSI -0.6 was observed, having coefficient of variation as high as 70%, whereas for deeper snow packs the mean NDSI shows positive values. 相似文献