共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 906 毫秒
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格网DEM上径流长度计算误差的定量分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基于格网DEM的径流长度的计算误差主要来源于DEM数据和流径提取算法。通过数据独立的误差分析方法,定量分析流径提取算法模型产生的误差。首先选取5种数学曲面作为模拟DEM数据源,计算出径流长度,以由曲面公式推导的径流长度公式计算的径流长度作为理论真值,通过两者的对比,分析误差及其空间分布。结果表明,汇水区的径流长度计算精度明显高于分水区;分水区的径流长度含有一定的系统误差。 相似文献
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不同空间尺度DEM地形信息容量综合对比研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
DEM包含了大量地形信息,是进行地形分析的基本数据。由于DEM数据的多尺度因素,加之地形、地貌特征具有宏观性与区域分异性的特点,不同尺度下的DEM地形信息容量具有较大的差异。本研究选取黄土高原地区的绥德、佳县、富县和宜君县四个实验样区,以Arc view/GIS软件为技术平台,提取了基于DEM数据的地形因子,并运用比较分析与数理统计的方法,对地形因子的提取结果进行了分析,获取了单一值因子的量化表达模型,确定了DEM地形信息容量与分辨率、地域及比例尺之间的量化相关关系,并在此基础上分析了DEM地形信息容量在不同空间尺度上的分异规律。 相似文献
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基于规则格网DEM谷地线提取受格网的几何形态、空间剖分和网格布局影响较大。传统的四边形格网D8算法中，四边形网格的角邻域与边邻域存在的距离度量差异，影响了其计算结果对于地形变化的表达在两方向上的均衡性，从而影响了谷地线提取结果。六边形格网具有邻域一致、各向同性、紧凑、采样率高等优点，在空间场建模中越来越得到重用。本文旨在探求六边形格网结构在DEM谷地线提取中的性能特征，发现其与四边形格网比较的突出优势。基于六邻域处理单元，对六边形格网DEM谷地线提取过程中填洼、流向计算及平地区域流向判定作预处理，然后对流向线作拓扑连通组织，从而实现基于六边形DEM的谷地线提取。本文比较发现六边形方法在谷地线形状特征保持方面能力强，随着分辨率减小，六边形DEM所提取的谷地线与实测数据吻合程度高，弯曲特征继承性强。同时，在相同数据存储量条件下，六边形DEM数据精度更高，且其提取的谷地线网络的形状特征更为精细。 相似文献
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在基于LRIS-3D系统建立高分辨率DEM基础上,以黄土高原丘陵沟壑区桥沟小流域为对象,利用GIS工具,以三维激光扫描系统扫描数据为基础数据,研究基于DEM的数字地形特征和水文特征的提取与分析方法。研究结果表明：与普通DEM相比,高分辨率DEM提取研究区平均坡度变小、坡度标准差变大,总体地形向平坦转化,坡面曲率增大,沟壑密度增大,更详细地描述了地表特征。对流域水文过程分析、特别是对流域汇流的参数确定及汇流模型的建立有积极作用。 相似文献
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基于 DEM 对喀斯特地貌山地及水系信息的提取--以桂林阳朔县为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以30 m分辨率的SRTM－DEM数据为基础,通过GIS的空间分析功能,首先对数据进行坡度分析,通过坡度分级法将山地与平原划分,自动提取出山地的信息,再运用碎斑处理结合TM影像对结果进行修正;其次,在ArcGIS的水文分析（ Hydrology）模块下对 DEM进行数字地形分析,提取流域特征。经分析得到了研究区域的山地及河网特征信息,并与实际地形及河流水系大致吻合,改进了传统手工和野外调查为主的提取方法,初步实现了山地、水系信息的自动提取,为研究区域社会经济更好更快地发展具有一定的参考意义。 相似文献
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Yong Ge Xitao Xing Qiuming Cheng 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2010
Society relies greatly upon infrastructure networks that are highly interconnected and mutually dependent in complex ways. Simulation and modeling assist in dealing with the complexity of infrastructure networks, especially in the effective response and management of resources for rescue, recovery, and restoration. This paper introduces the Petri net into a geographical information system to develop the GeoPetri Net system, which can be used to simulate the complex geographical relationships among places and nodes. Unlike the ordinary Petri net, the GeoPetri Net deals with places and nodes with geographical locations and the geographical relationships between these nodes and records the statuses of nodes to produce simulated events. A case study involving an education layer with 15 nodes (schools) and a transportation layer with 25 node lines (streets) in a geographical information system is presented to substantiate the above conceptual arguments. 相似文献
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提出一种基于路段连接图的格网模式识别方法.该方法以路段连接对作为研究的基本单元,以节点路段为点,路段的连接为边用路段连接图表达道路网.将在道路网中识别格网转化为在路段连接图中搜索格网回路.提出了描述路段连接对几何与连接关系的5个参量,用于筛选图中符合格网特点的节点和边.设计了图搜索的约束条件,使用广度优先遍历搜索连接关... 相似文献
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基于GIS的乌江流域地表径流模拟研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
基于GIS平台，建立了数字乌江流域。在此基础上，选择5个典型子流域，利用流域1956-2000年的降雨和水文资料及流域2000年土地利用数据，分别计算5个子流域的年均降雨量、年均地表径流量和土地利用百分比；用多元回归分析工具建立流域年均地表径流量与年均降雨量和土地利用百分比之间的关系式，得到不同土地利用方式下的降雨径流模型；通过实测资料对模型进行验证的结果表明，模型模拟精度较高，相对误差在7％以内。 相似文献
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This article presents an approach to hierarchical matching of nodes in heterogeneous road networks in the same urban area. Heterogeneous road networks not only exist at different levels of detail (LoD), but also have different coordinate systems, leading to difficulties in matching and integrating them. To overcome these difficulties, a pattern‐based method was implemented. Based on the authors' previous work on detecting patterns of divided highways, complex road junctions, and strokes to eliminate the LoD effect of road networks, the proposed method extracts the local networks around each node in a road network and uses them as the matching units for the nodes. Second, the degree of shape similarity between the matching units is measured using a Minimum Road Edit Distance based on a transformation. Finally, the proposed method hierarchically matches the nodes in a road network using the Minimum Road Edit Distance and eliminates false matching nodes using M‐estimators. An experiment involving matching heterogeneous road networks with different LoDs and coordinate systems was carried out to verify the validity of the proposed method. The method achieves good and effective matching regardless of differences in LoDs and road‐network coordinate systems. 相似文献
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道路网的鲁棒性分析有助于预防或者降低恐怖袭击、自然灾害以及交通拥堵造成的损失。从开放街道地图上获得世界范围内的50个城市道路网，沿用复杂网络鲁棒性分析方法，运用连续删除模型和级联模型对以道路链相交关系表示的城市道路网进行了鲁棒性分析，同时对路网的鲁棒性与其拓扑模式间的关系进行了探讨。研究发现，对于路网的鲁棒性，运用连续删除模型和级联模型所得到的鲁棒性结果存在差异。其中，连续删除模型的道路网鲁棒性普遍较差；而级联模型的鲁棒性，不同路网之间的差别较大；对于同一模型下的度策略和介数策略，介数策略的破坏性大于度策略。对于路网鲁棒性与其拓扑模式的关系，在连续删除模型下，路网鲁棒性与度相关性呈现显著正相关，无标度与非无标度的路网鲁棒性有差异；在级联模型下，路网鲁棒性与度相关性不相关，无标度与非无标度的路网鲁棒性差异不显著。 相似文献
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利用信任评估进行匿名认证路由协议 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据动态统计节点的行为,引入一种信任评估系统,使节点及时地发现网络中的恶意行为,保证在路由建立过程中各节点不承担过重的安全任务,降低路由协议的复杂度。在路由建立前,完成通信节点与CA的匿名双向认证,有效防止中间人的攻击。提出在路由表中存储节点匿名身份的哈希路由登记表,保证网络匿名安全性的同时,避免重复发起路由,提高路由查找的效率。基于Diffie-Hellman密钥交换算法,完成会话密钥协商。本协议结合对称密码体制和公钥密码体制,结构简单、有效。 相似文献
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Contemporary public buildings are becoming conglomerates of open, semi‐open and closed spaces, with indoor, outdoor and underground sections. For humans and robots to navigate seamlessly through such environments, new flexible approaches need to be developed. Navigation systems generally rely on a network (nodes and edges) as an abstraction of underlying space availability. However, indoor and outdoor networks have different origins. While indoor systems rely on indoor space subdivision approaches, current outdoor systems utilize road‐based network approaches. Linking such networks via particular nodes is possible but restrictive. Many spaces in the built environment are not strictly indoor or outdoor spaces and are thus often omitted from navigation networks, further limiting navigation options. To overcome these shortcomings, we introduce a new space definition framework in which the entire built environment is categorized into indoor, outdoor, semi‐indoor and semi‐outdoor spaces. We provide strict definitions for the four space categories. Our framework allows the same navigation network extraction approaches to be used and therefore enables seamless indoor/outdoor path computation for single or combinations of locomotion modes. The notions of semi‐indoor and semi‐outdoor spaces offer new options for further tailoring of the navigation path with respect to environmental factors, which we demonstrate with two use cases. 相似文献
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Using degree distribution to assess network vulnerability represents a promising direction of network analysis.However,the traditional degree distribution model is inadequate for analyzing the vulnerability of spatial networks because it does not take into consideration the geographical aspects of spatial networks.This paper proposes a spatially weighted degree model in which both the functional class and the length of network links are considered to be important factors for determining the node degrees of spatial networks.A weight coefficient is used in this new model to account for the contribution of each factor to the node degree.The proposed model is compared with the traditional degree model and an accessibility-based vulnerability model in the vulnerabil-ity analysis of a highway network.Experiment results indicate that,although node degrees of spatial networks derived from the tra-ditional degree model follow a random distribution,node degrees determined by the spatially weighted model exhibit a scale-free distribution,which is a common characteristic of robust networks.Compared to the accessibility-based model,the proposed model has similar performance in identifying critical nodes but with higher computational efficiency and better ability to reveal the overall vulnerability of a spatial network. 相似文献
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城市道路网络的中介中心性分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
将几个典型城市道路网络作为有向图来分析,这些城市道路网络弧段的BC(betweenness centrality)值的分布呈现一致的规律分布,具有层级性。从总体上来看城市道路网络中大部分等级高的道路具有较高的BC值,大部分等级低的道路具有较低的BC值。 相似文献