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1.
Regulation of water quality and growth characteristics of indoor raceway culture of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Litopenaeus vannamei</Emphasis> 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Two modes of regulating the water quality of experimental ponds in indoor raceway culture of Litopenaeus vannamei were evaluated using simple water treatment facilities. A self-made water purifying net, aeration stone, composite microbe
preparation, and Ceratophyllum demersum were placed in the experimental ponds and the culture water was circulated along the raceway inside the pond using a paddle
wheel aerator. In addition, the water quality in the experimental pond was improved by draining effluent from the pipeline
at the bottom of ponds 7 and 8 (mode I) and exchanging the circulating water in pond 10 (mode II) with the reservoir water
in pond 9 using a pump and pipeline. The water quality in the experimental ponds was similar in response to regulation using
mode I or mode II. Water quality parameters in the experimental ponds were controlled within a suitable range by simple facilities
during culture period without using any chemical treatments. The rich content of dissolved oxygen was maintained by the circular
flow and continuous aeration of the pond water. The respective average values of the main water parameters in experimental
ponds 7 and 10 in response to regulation of the water quality using modes I and II were as follows: pH 8.17 and 7.99; DO 5.16
mg/L and 5.97 mg/L; CODMn 18.45 and 12.61 mg/L; TAN (NH3-N) 0.854 mg/L (0.087 mg/L) and 0.427 mg/L (0.012 mg/L); NO2-N 0.489 mg/L and 0.337 mg/L. Moreover, the average body length and body weight of harvested shrimp of pond 7 and pond 10
were 7.56 cm and 8.99 cm, 5.10 g and 8.33 g, respectively. Furthermore, the survival rate, average biomass yield and average
condition factor of the shrimp harvested were 70% and 60%, 2.54 kg/m2 and 2.14 kg/m2, and 0.675 g/cm and 0.927 g/cm, respectively. Linear equations describing the relationship between body length and culture
time and cubic or power functions describing the relationship between body weight and body length were obtained based on evaluation
of the growth data of shrimps throughout the culture period. 相似文献
2.
对凡纳滨对虾高位养殖池水质环境状况进行了研究。结果表明,养殖期间虾池水体透明度前期较高,中后期较低;虾池pH变化在7.89~9.02之间,变化幅度较小。虾池水体悬浮物数量和CODMn随养殖时间延长而持续升高,变化范围分别为18.5~162.3 mg/L和3.52~14.58 mg/L。虾池水体中营养盐各月份波动较大,无机氮的数量变化在0.206~1.621 mg/L之间,含量逐渐升高,磷酸盐数量变化在0.009~0.067 mg/L之间,含量逐渐下降。水环境中N、P比较高,平均为62.7。养殖水体中后期处于严重富营养化状态。 相似文献
3.
Halophilic archaea comprise the majority of microorganisms found in hypersaline environments. C50 carotenoids accumulated in archaea cells are considered potential biotechnological products and possess a number of biological functions. Ten red colordes were isolated from brine water in a saltem crystaltizer pond of the Hangu Saltworks, China. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the colonies belonged to the extremely halophilic archaea genera Halobacterium and Halorubrum. Two representative strains, Halobacterium strain SP-2 and Halorubrum strain SP-4, were selected for further study on the phenotypic characteristics and effects of salinity and pH on accumulation and composition of pigments in their cells. The archaeal strains were isolated and grown in a culture medium prepared by dissolving yeast extract （10 g/L） and acid-hydrolyzed casein （7.5 g/L） into brine water obtained from a I.ocal salt pond. Their optimum salinity and pH for growth were 250 and 7, respectively, although pigment accumulation （OD490/ mL broth） was highest at pH 8. In addition, at 150-300 salinity, increasing salinity resulted in decreasing pigment accumulation. Analysis of the UV-Vis spectrum, TLC and HLPC chromatograms showed that C50 carotenoid bacterioruberin is the major pigment in both strains. 相似文献
4.
凡纳滨对虾与金钱鱼混养模式水质理化因子及浮游生物群落结构的变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)与金钱鱼(Scatophagus argus)混养池塘和凡纳滨对虾单养池塘为研究对象,对两池塘水体的理化因子及浮游生物进行测定。结果显示:混养池塘水体的溶解氧与单养池塘相比均无显著性差异;混养和单养池塘的化学需氧量(COD)、亚硝酸盐和氨氮的含量在实验过程中均呈现持续上升趋势,但混养池上升趋势较缓,两池塘的上述指标在养殖前期差异不显著,养殖后期有显著差异(P<0.05)。在养殖后期,混养池塘的浮游植物丰度显著大于单养池塘(P<0.05),而浮游动物丰度显著低于单养池塘(P<0.05)。结果表明,混养金钱鱼可有效改善凡纳滨对虾精养池塘的水质,降低亚硝酸盐、氨氮及COD的含量,稳定浮游植物种群结构,控制池塘中浮游动物的过度繁殖。 相似文献
5.
用物理、化学、生物和药物等方法综合系统地处理对虾育苗用水:1)澄清海水,用10~20 mg/L生石灰调节酸碱度;2)在沉淀海水中泼洒沸石粉30～50 mg/L,去除或降低总氨氮、亚硝酸氮等有害物质;3)用15~23 mL/m3甲醛消毒海水,杀除海水病原体;4)用棉花、过滤袋双层过滤,减少微细悬浮物及有害生物;5)育苗池投放水质改良剂及有益微生物制剂,维持稳定良好的水质,确保幼体正常生长。结果:对虾出苗率提高30%～100%。 相似文献
6.
本文探索虾病防治新途径,采用低值海藻江蓠和对虾混养的生态学方法,江蓠吸收水中二氧化碳进行光合作用,产生大量氧气;同时吸收有机物的分解物 NH_3—N,加速有机物分解。减少 H_2S 积累;从而消除水中紧迫因子威胁,大大减少池水自污及病害,起到抑菌、抑虫、净化水质作用,提高成活率,试验圹对虾成活率达95.1%,对照圹56.6%。试验结果表明,虾病防治效果显著,经济效益明显。 相似文献
7.
8.
《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2021,(4)
In order to explore the effect of carbon and nitrogen (C/N) ratio on the performance of anoxic/aerobic-moving bed biofilm reactor (A/O-MBBR) process for treating mariculture wastewater,a laboratory-scale A/O-MBBR was conducted.The results showed that the reduction of C/N ratio was conducive to improving the removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen (NH_4~+-N),while inhibiting that of nitrite nitrogen (NO_2~--N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO_3~--N).The extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in anoxic zone were significantly higher in concentration than that in aerobic zone although they both declined with decrease of C/N ratio.The result provides solid support for better controlling the pollution of mariculture wastewater. 相似文献
9.
YUE Lixi MA Chunling and CHI Zhenming* UNESCO Chinese Center of Marine Biotechnology Ocean University of China Qingdao P.R.China 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2006,5(4)
1IntroductionWater co-produced with oil and gas recovery istermed oil-field produced water.This water is consid-ered to be of the largest volume in the waste streamfromoil and gas production processes.The volume ofproduced water can be more than10ti mes t… 相似文献
10.
为研究生物酶采油解堵剂中产蛋白酶菌株的初、复筛选及培养条件优化,从大庆原油样品中筛选菌种,通过水解酪素的透明圈实验及福林酚测蛋白酶酶活的方法进行菌株的初、复筛选;以蛋白酶酶活为优化指标,采用单因素实验对筛选的产蛋白酶菌株的培养基及培养条件进行优化,优化最适培养基:可溶性淀粉为15g/L,蛋白胨为20g/L,酵母膏为20g/L,NaCl为1.0g/L,CaCl2为0.02g/L,Na2HPO4为0.2g/L,NaH2PO4为0.1g/L;在初始pH为6.0、接种量为5%(体积分数)、温度为31℃、摇床转速为160r/min的条件下,培养72h后,菌株的蛋白酶酶活为551.0U/mL,为复筛选菌株的蛋白酶酶活的22.92倍,即为菌株生长繁殖及代谢的最佳条件,能够获得更高的蛋白酶酶活,有利于后续实验的进行.结果表明:菌株产蛋白酶对原油作用效果为发酵液表面张力从作用前的56.2mN/m降低到作用后的30.5mN/m,表面张力显著降低,还有降解降黏原油等效果,具有一定的研究价值. 相似文献
11.
A Gram negative bacterium Ar/W/b/75°25＇N/1 producing extracellular alkaline protease was isolated from surface water of latitude 75°25＇N, and longitude 162°25＇W in Chukchi sea, Arctic. The strain can grow at the temperature range from 7℃ to 30℃, and grow better at 30(℃. It can not grow at 40℃. Keeping certain salinity concentration in medium is necessary for cell growth. It grows well in medium containing salinity concentration from 0. 5 % to 10 % sodium chloride. Glucose, sucrose and soluble starch can be utilized by the strain, among which glucose is the optimal carbon source. Peptone is the optimal organic nitrogen source for cell growth and protease producing, and ammonium nitrate is the optimal inorganic nitrogen source.About 75.7% of total protease of the strain are extracellular enzyme. Optimal temperature for proteolytic activity is at 40℃. Protease of the strain keeps stable below 40℃, and shows high proteolytic activity within the pH range from 7 to 11. 相似文献
12.
《中国海洋湖沼学报》2021,(3)
The use of high alkaline medium is a feasible way to provide carbon source and prevent biological contamination for the outdoor cultivation of alkaliphilic microalgae and cyanobacteria. A novel cyanobacterial strain was isolated from the open pond of a marine green alga( Picochlorum sp. SCSIO-45015, Sanya, Hainan) and identified as Cyanobacterium sp. SCSIO-45682. The effects of initial sodium bicarbonate(NaHCO_3) concentrations on the growth and biochemical composition of Cyanobacterium sp. SCSIO-45682 were investigated. The results demonstrated that Cyanobacterium sp. SCSIO-45682 had good adaptation to 16.8-g/L NaHCO_3(the same concentration of NaHCO_3 used in Zarrouk medium for Spirulina). Moreover, the yields of biomass, polysaccharide, chlorophyll a(chl a), and phycocyanin increased under high NaHCO_3 concentrations. The maximum final biomass concentration of 2.5 g/L was observed at 8.4-g/L NaHCO_3, while the highest intracellular total saccharide content of 49.2% of dry weight(DW) and exopolysaccharide(EPS) concentration of 93 mg/L were achieved at the NaHCO_3 concentration of 16.8 g/L. The crude protein content declined under high NaHCO_3 concentrations, which provide a possible explanation for the accumulation of polysaccharide. This study shows a good potential of alkaliphilic Cyanobacterium sp. SCSIO-45682 as a polysaccharide feedstock. 相似文献
13.
A pyrethroid insecticide-degrading bacterium, strain HS-24, was isolated from an offshore seawater environment. The strain, which can degrade cypermethrin(CYP) and deltamethrin(DEL), was identified as Methylophaga sp. The optimal culture and degradation conditions for CYP and DEL by strain HS-24 is pH 7 at 28°C. Under optimum culture conditions, strain HS-24 exhibited a broad degradation concentration range of 100, 200, 400, 600, and 800 mg/L for CYP and DEL. The metabolic intermediates were analyzed by NMR, which provided strong evidence that CYP and DEL removal occurred mainly because of a biological process. The toxicity of the degradation products of strain HS-24 was studied simultaneously by measuring the light output of the luminescence bacterium. This demonstrated that the biodegradation ability of strain HS-24 significantly decreased the toxicity of CYP- and DEL-contaminated aquaculture seawater. Finally, the findings of this paper indicate that strain HS-24 is thus revealed as a biological agent for the remediation of marine aquatic environments. 相似文献
14.
Investigation of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC) at 12 stations in Yantal Sishili Bay in May, August, and November of 1997 and March and May of 1998 showed that DOC concentrations varied from 1.14 mg/L to 5.35 mg/L; that the average values at all staticrLs ineach entise varied from 1.52 mg/L to 2.12 mg/L; that POC concentrafions varied from 0.049 mg/L to 1.411mg/L; and averaged 0.159 mg/L to 0.631 mg/L in each cruise. Horizontal distribution of DOC was influ-enced by factors such as continental input, organism activity, temperature, aquieulture environment, etc. The higher POC concentration occurred along the coast. The vertical distribution of DOC and POC changed obviously in spring and summer, but not obviously in autumn and winter. DOC concentration was highest in summer and POC in spring; both were lowest in winter. The seasonal change of DOC was con-sistent with primary productivity seasonal variation, and that of POC was consistent with ehlorophyll-a sea-sanal variation. The seasonal change trend of the C/N ratio of dissolved organic matter was obvious, but the C/N ratio of particulate organic matter had no such trend. 相似文献
15.
ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＯｖｅｒｔｈｅｐａｓｔｄｅｃａｄｅ ,Ｈａｅｍａｔｏｃｏｃｃｕｓｐｌｕｖｉａｌｉｓｈａｓｂｅｅｎａｓｕｂｊｅｃｔｏｆｎｕｍｅｒｏｕｓｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｉｏｎｓｂｅ ｃａｕｓｅｉｔｓｃｏｎｓｐｉｃｕｏｕｓｒｅｄｃｏｌｏｒｐｏｉｎｔｓｔｏｉｔｓｐｏｓｓｉｂｉｌｉｔｙａｓａｈｏｐｅｆｕｌｒｅｇｅｎｅｒａｔｉｖｅｂｉｏｒｅｓｏｕｒｃｅｏｆａｓｔａｘａｎ ｔｈｉｎ .Ｅｘｔｅｎｓｉｖｅｓｔｕｄｙｏｆｃｕｌｔｕｒｅｆａｃｔｏｒｓ (ｓｕｃｈａｓｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅ,ｉｌｌｕｍｉｎａｔｉｏ… 相似文献
16.
Biofloc technology has been applied successfully in the intensive aquaculture of several fish and shrimp species.The growth of heterotrophic microorganisms can be stimulated through adding extra carbon,which reduces the nitrogen level in the water and provides microbial protein to the animals.However,most of the studies and practical applications have been conducted in freshwater and marine environment.This paper focused on brine shrimp Artemia that lives in high salinity environment together with other halophilic or halotolerant microorganisms.The effect of carbon supplementation on Artemia growth,water quality,and microbial diversity of bioflocs was studied in the closed culture condition without any water exchange.The salinity of the culture medium was 100.A 24-d culture trial was conducted through supplementing sucrose at carbon/nitrogen(C/N)ratio of 5,15,and 30(Su5,Sul5,and Su30),respectively.The culture without adding sucrose was used as a control.Artemia was fed formulated feed at a feeding ration of 60% recommended feeding level.The results showed that sucrose supplementation at higher C/N ratio(15 and 30)significantly improved the Artemia survival,growth and water quality(P0.05).Addition of sucrose at C/N ratio of 15 and 30 significantly increased biofloc volume(BFV)(P0.05).The Illumina MiSeq sequencing analysis showed that supplementing carbon at C/N ratio of 15 had a better total bacterial diversity and richness,and shaped the microbial composition at genera level.This study should provide information for studying the mechanism of biofloc technology and its application in high salinity culture conditions. 相似文献
17.
研究了人工湿地循环处理哈氏仿对虾(Parapenaeopsis hardwickii)高盐度(21.1-23.3)养殖废水的净化效果。人工湿地对高盐度养殖废水中各水质指标去除率为:总氨氮66.7%,亚硝酸盐80.0%,化学需氧量12.5%,浊度69.1%,硝酸盐-12.1%,总氮3.5%,总磷0.0%。养殖池水质状况良好。在试验负载范围内,湿地对总氨氮、亚硝酸盐、浊度的去除量随进水污染负载量的增加而增加。研究表明:人工湿地能持续有效降低哈氏仿对虾养殖废水中的主要水质因子浓度。 相似文献
18.
The tolerance to ammonia and nitrites in freshwater ciliate Paramecium bursaria was measured in a conventional open system. The ciliate was exposed to different concentrations of ammonia and nitrites for 2h and 12h in order to determine the lethal concentrations. Linear regression analysis revealed that the 2h-LC50 value for ammonia was 95.94 mg/L and for nitrite 27.35 mg/L using probit scale method (with 95% confidence intervals). There was a linear correlation between the mortality probit scale and logarithmic concentration of ammonia which fit by a regression equation y=7.32x-9.51 (R^2=0.98; y, mortality probit scale; x, logarithmic concentration of ammonia), by which 2 h-LC50 value for ammonia was found to be 95.50 mg/L. A linear correlation between mortality probit scales and logarithmic concentration of nitrite is also followed the regression equation y=2.86x 0.89 (R^2=0.95; y, mortality probit scale; x, logarithmic concentration of nitrite). The regression analysis of toxicity curves showed that the linear correlation between exposed time of ammonia-N LC50 valueand ammonia-N LC50 value followed the regression equation y=2 862.85e-0.08x (R^2=0.95; y, duration of exposure to LC50 value; x, LC50 value), and that between exposed time of nitrite-N LC50 value and nitrite-N LC50 value followed the regression equation y = 127.15e-0.13x (R^2=0.91; y, exposed time of LC50 value; x, LC50 value). The results demonstrate that the tolerance to ammonia in P. bursaria is considerably higher than that of the larvae or juveniles of some metozoa, e.g. cultured prawns and oysters. In addition, ciliates, as bacterial predators, are likely to play a positive role in maintaining and improving water quality in aquatic environments with high-level ammonium, such as sewage treatment systems. 相似文献
19.
Production of polyhydroxybutyrate by the marine photosynthetic bacterium Rhodovulum sulfidophilum P5
The effects of different NaCl concentrations, nitrogen sources, carbon sources, and carbon to nitrogen molar ratios on biomass accumulation and polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production were studied in batch cultures of the marine photosynthetic bacterium Rhodovulum sulfidophilum P5 under aerobic-dark conditions. The results show that the accumulation of PHB in strain P5 is a growth-associated process. Strain P5 had maximum biomass and PHB accumulation at 2%-3% NaCl, suggesting that the bacterium can maintain growth and potentially produce PHB at natural seawater salinity. In the nitrogen source test, the maximum biomass accumulation (8.10±0.09 g/L) and PHB production (1.11±0.13 g/L and 14.62%±2.25% of the cell dry weight) were observed when peptone and ammonium chloride were used as the sole nitrogen source. NH 4 + -N was better for PHB production than other nitrogen sources. In the carbon source test, the maximum biomass concentration (7.65±0.05 g/L) was obtained with malic acid as the sole carbon source, whereas the maximum yield of PHB (5.03±0.18 g/L and 66.93%±1.69% of the cell dry weight) was obtained with sodium pyruvate as the sole carbon source. In the carbon to nitrogen ratios test, sodium pyruvate and ammonium chloride were selected as the carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. The best carbon to nitrogen molar ratio for biomass accumulation (8.77±0.58 g/L) and PHB production (6.07±0.25 g/L and 69.25%±2.05% of the cell dry weight) was 25. The results provide valuable data on the production of PHB by R. sulfidophilum P5 and further studies are on-going for best cell growth and PHB yield. 相似文献
20.
长江中游平原区面临着一系列严重的地质环境问题，其中地下水铵氮和磷的问题十分突出，但目前对于二者共存规律的认识还十分薄弱。以长江中游沿岸故道区为典型研究区，对采集的地下水样品进行了水文地球化学分析，并综合运用因子分析和随机森林模型探讨了铵氮和磷的赋存规律。结果表明:地下水整体处于还原环境中，NH4-N的质量浓度为0.03~71.0 mg/L（均值9.92 mg/L），P的质量浓度为0.02~3.38 mg/L（均值0.51 mg/L）。地下水中高浓度的铵氮与磷均主要为天然成因，但铵氮与磷的迁移富集过程存在差异:铵氮的迁移富集与含氮有机质矿化过程密切相关；磷的迁移富集与铁氧化物或氢氧化物的还原性溶解密切相关，而含磷有机质矿化是磷富集的次要过程。Eh很低的地下水环境易产生高浓度铵氮的地下水，相对中等的还原环境会产生高浓度的磷但通常不会伴生高浓度的铵氮；当地下水中S2-，DOC，I均处于相对较高的浓度水平时会伴生大量的铵氮，而磷的浓度在很大程度上受控于Fe2+浓度；当DOC，I和Fe2+浓度都高时，通常会出现铵氮和磷浓度都较高的现象。 相似文献