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1.
Yan Xinghong 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1993,11(3):235-244
Isolated protoplasts from thalli ofPorphyra haitanensis andPorphyra yezoensis were treated with colchicine or irradiated by ultraviolet (UV). Several types of color variants were observed among the protoplast
offspring. After treatment with colchicine: (1) 0.04–0.09% of red type variants inP. haitanensis were obtained; (2) The rate of red type variants and the variegated chimeral thalli composed of red type and wild type of
sectors were 0.31–1.11% inP. yezoensis. After irradiation with UV: (1) 3.5–10.5% of red type variants inP. yezoensis were obtained: (2) 0.5–2.0% of red type variants and the variegated chimeral thalli composed of red type and wild type of
sectors were obtained inP. haitanensis. Colchicine and UV’s mutangenic effects onP. yezoensis protoplasts were stronger than those onP. haitanensis protoplasts. The most efficient concentration of colchicine was 0.05%. The optimal length of UV-radiation was 1/2 min (radiation
distance 5 cm). The red type variants induced by colchicine treatment grew faster than the wild type thalli. The clones of
vegetative propagation from protoplasts of red type variants were still red type thalli. The red type variants will be good
materials for genetic studies and improvement ofPorphyra strains. 相似文献
2.
LIU Hongquan ) ) YU Wengong ) * DAI Jixun ) GONG Qianhong ) SHI Xiaochong ) YANG Kunfeng ) ) Institute of Marine Drugs Foods Ocean University of China Qingdao P..R.China ) College of Marine Life Sciences Ocean University of China Qingdao P..R.China 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2004,3(1)
1 Introduction PorphyraisthemainobjectforalgafarmingandplaysaveryimportantroleinChinesemarineindus tries.Recently ,therehasbeenagreatlossinPor phyracultivationduetothedegenerationoftheculti var,sothereisanincreasingdemandforgoodPor phyracultivars .Theprerequisiteofthetraditionalbreed ingandbioengineeringresearchofPorphyraistheconstructionofpurelines .Traditionally ,theclassifi cationofPorphyrawasaccordingtotheirmorphologi calcharacteristics .However ,mostmorphologicalfea turesofPorphyraar… 相似文献
3.
Modified carbol fuchsin staining method was successfully introduced into the karyotype analyses of marine algae, in-cluding Porphyra, Undaria pinnatifida and Laminaria japonica. Haploid chromosomes were numbered clearly in the vegetative, spermatangial and conchosporangial cells of P. haitanensis and P. yezoensis. Diploid chromosomes were observed and numbered in immature conchosporangial cells of P. haitanensis and P. yezoensis. Pit-connections of Porphyra were also clearly demonstrated. Prophase chromosomes of conchocelis cells were also clearly stained with modified carbol fuchsin. One molar per liter hydrochloric hydrolysis at 60℃ for 7-8min is necessary for getting transparent cytoplasm for conchosporangial karyotype analysis of Porphyra. Staining effects of the three methods using iron alum acetocarmine, aceto-iron-haematoxylin-chloral hydrate and modified carbol fuchsin were compared on the vegetative, sperrnatangial and conchosporangial cells of Porphyra and the gametophytes of U. pinnati-fida and L. japonica. Among the three methods, the modified carbol fuchsin method gave the best result of deep staining and good contrast between nucleus and cytoplasm. 相似文献
4.
Observation of female gamete （Carpogonia） germination of Porphyra yezoensis and P. oligospermatangia
Several papers have reported that part or whole leafy thallus seemingly consisting of zygotospores can give rise to both blades and conchocelis in the same culture of Porphyra. Study on samples of wild and cultivated Porphyra yezoensis and P. oligospermatangia were conducted to clarify the origination of the young blades in the culture. It is confirmed that single cells on the blade of both species, which normally intermixed with zygotospores, germinated into young blades. TEM and SEM observation has shown that the single cells of Porphyra yezoensis had typical features of female gamete （carpogonia） but archeospore. Therefore, the female gametes are responsible in developing leafy thalli. 相似文献
5.
GONG Qianhong) YU Wengong) * DAI Jixun) LIU Hongquan) ) XU Rifu) GUAN Huashi) and PAN Kehou) ) College of Medicine Pharmaceutics Ocean University of China Qingdao P. R. China ) College of Marine Life Sciences Ocean University of China Qingdao P. R. China ) College of Fisheries Ocean University of China Qingdao P. R. China 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2007,6(1):21-25
1 Introduction Porphyra yezoensis is one of the most widely con-sumed and cultivated seaweeds in the world. Over the past decades, much effort has been made in improving the cultured stocks and developing breeding techniques of alga. At present, nuclear transformation systems of eu-karyotic algae such as green unicellular alga Chlamydo-monas reinhardii (Rochaix and Dillewijn, 1982), diatom Phseodactylum tricornutum (Lioudmila et al., 2000) and simple multicellular green alga Volvox carteri (… 相似文献
6.
An improved method of PCR in which the small segment of conchocelis is amplified directly without DNA extraction was used to amplify a RUBISCO intergenic spacer DNA fragment from nine species of red algal genus Porphyra(Bangiales,Rhodophyta),including Porphyra yezoensis(Jiangsu,China),P.haitanensis(Fujian,China),P.oligospermatangia(Qingdao,China),P.katadai(Qingdao,China),P.tenera(Qingdao,China),P.suborboculata(Fujian,China),P.pseudolinearis(Kogendo,Korea),P.linearis(Devon,England),and P.fallax(Seattle,USA).... 相似文献
7.
《中国海洋湖沼学报》2016,(3)
Pyropia haitanensis(T.J.Chang et B.F.Zheng) N.Kikuchi et M.Miyata( Porphyra haitanensis) is an economically important genus that is cultured widely in China.P.haitanensis is cultured on a larger scale than Pyropia yezoensis,making up an important part of the total production of cultivated Pyropia in China.However,the majority of molecular mechanisms underlying the physiological processes of P.haitanensis remain unknown.P.haitanensis could utilize inorganic carbon and the sporophytes of P.haitanensis might possess a PCK-type C 4-like carbon-fixation pathway.To identify micro RNAs and their probable roles in sporophyte and gametophyte development,we constructed and sequenced small RNA libraries from sporophytes and gametophytes of P.haitanensis.Five micro RNAs were identified that shared no sequence homology with known micro RNAs.Our results indicated that P.haitanensis might posses a complex s RNA processing system in which the novel micro RNAs act as important regulators of the development of different generations of P.haitanensis. 相似文献
8.
The sequences of the ITS(internal transcribed spacer) and 5.8S rDNA of three cultivated strains of Porphyra haitanensis thalli(NB,PT and ST) were amplified,sequenced and analyzed.In addition,the phylogenic relationships of the sequences identified in this study with those of other Porphyra retrieved from GenBank were evaluated.The results are as follows:the sequences of the ITS and 5.8S rDNA were essentially identical among the three strains.The sequences of ITS1 were 331 bp to 334 bp,while those of the 5.8... 相似文献
9.
The structural feature of agar polysaccharides from Porphyra haitanensis grown in south China and transplanted to the north was investigated by fractioriation on DEAE - Sephadex A 50, chemical analysis, and infrared and 13C - NMR spectroscopy.The agars composed mainly of Charged molecules were eluted from DEAE - Sephadex A 50 with 1.0 mol/L- NaCl solution from the southern P. haitanensis and with 0.5 mol/L NaCl from the northern one. The 13C-NMR spectra showed that agarobiose [(1 -3)- B D - galactopyranosyl - (1 -4)-3,6-anhydro-a-L-galactopyranose] and the biological precursor of agarobiose [(1-3} B-D-galactopyra nosyl- (1-4)- 6- sulfate-a- L-galactopyranose ] were the major disaccharide repeating units in the charged fractions. The content of the biological precur sor in the agar polysaccharides from southern P. haitanensis was higher than that in the northern one, the content of the biological precursor extracted from cold water was higher than that from hot water, and the content of 6- OMe-D-galactos 相似文献
10.
The early stage differentiation of thallus cells ofPorphyra haitanensis T. J. Chang et B. F. Zheng was studied. Protoplasts or single cells were isolated from the blades using enzyme mixture comprising
2% sea snail gut enzyme and 1% cellulase. The isolated protoplasts or single cells were incubated in the MES medium. The cell
differentiations were examined under the microscope at intervals after incubation. Four types of cell differentiation, namely,
normal, abnormal, carposporangial and spermatorangial, and rhizoidal types, were observed. Since normal cell differentiations
occur mostly in small thalli 50 mm in length and middle portions of big thalli 200 mm in length, it is essential to select
tissues from these two kinds of thalli essential for commercial production. 相似文献
11.
Results of the experiment of northward transplantation of Porphyra haitanensis showed thatintercrop of P. haitanensis with Bay Scallop is feasible because the growth duration of both of them is about the same in August - December.Full use of cultivating area, lowering its cost and increasing its product per unit area as well as improving the ecological envronment are realized during intercrop. 相似文献
12.
《中国海洋湖沼学报》2021,(4)
The genus Pyropia contains several important cultivated species.Genetic research in nori species has mainly focused on the cell nucleus,with few studies on organelles(chloroplast and mitocho ndria).Due to the high copy numbers of organelles in cells,which influence the development and traits of algae,it is necessary to study their genetic mechanism.In this study,the marine red alga yezoensis,an important economic macroalga,was selected as the study object.To investigate organelle(chloroplast and mitochondria) inheritance in P yezoensis,the wild type RZ(maternal strain) was cro ssed with the red mutant HT(paternal strain) and 30 color-sectors from 11 F1 gametophytic blades were examined.The complete chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes of the red mutant(HT) were assembled for the first time.One reliable and stable single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) loci filtrated by bioinformatics analysis was used as a molecular marker for chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA,respectively,in subsequent experiments.PCR amplification and sequence analysis showed that the haplotypes of color-sectors detected were consistent with those of the maternal parent,confirming that both chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes were inherited maternally in P.yezoensis.The inheritance pattern of organelles in P.yezoensis can be used to guide the hybridization and breeding of nori.Additionally,the organelle SNP markers developed in this study can be applied in subsequent genetic research. 相似文献
13.
Observation of female gamete (Carpogonia) germination of Porphyra yezoensis and P. oligospermatangia
Several papers have reported that part or whole leafy thallus seemingly consisting of zygotospores can give rise to both blades
and conchocelis in the same culture ofPorphyra. Study on samples of wild and cultivatedPorphyra yezoensis andP. oligospermatangia were conducted to clarify the origination of the young blades in the culture. It is confirmed that single cells on the blade
of both species, which normally intermixed with zygotospores, germinated into young blades. TEM and SEM observation has shown
that the single cells ofPorphyra yezoensis had typical features of female gamete (carpogonia) but archeospore. Therefore, the female gametes are responsible in developing
leafy thalli.
This project was sponsored by the NSFC (No. C-0205-05-39770593) 相似文献
14.
Bryopsis hypnoides Lamouroux is a unique intertidal siphonous green alga whose extruded protoplasm can aggregate spontaneously in seawater to form numerous new cells that can develop into mature algal thalli.In this study,the photosynthetic responses during dehydration of both the thalli and protoplasts isolated from B.hypnoides were measured using a Dual-PAM(pulse amplitude modulation)-100 fluorometer.The results show that the photosynthetic rates of B.hypnoides thalli were maintained for an initial period,beyond which continued desiccation resulted in reduced rates of PSI and PSII.However,the photosynthetic performances of the isolated protoplasts dehydrated in air(CO2 concentration 600±700 mg/L) showed a slight increase of Y(II) at 20% water loss,but the rates decreased thereafter with declining water content.When protoplasts were dehydrated in CO2 deficient conditions(CO2 concentration 40±80 mg/L),the values of Y(II) declined steadily with increased dehydration without an initial rise.These results indicated that the thalli and isolated protoplasts of this alga can utilize CO2 in ambient air effectively,and the photosynthetic performances of the isolated protoplasts were significantly different from that of the thalli during dehydration.Thus the protoplasts may be an excellent system for the study of stress tolerance. 相似文献
15.
《中国海洋湖沼学报》2016,(2)
Members of the Dna J family are proteins that play a pivotal role in various cellular processes, such as protein folding, protein transport and cellular responses to stress. In the present study, we identified and characterized the full-length Dna J c DNA sequence from expressed sequence tags of Pyropia yezoensis( Py Dna J) via rapid identification of c DNA ends. This c DNA encoded a protein of 429 amino acids, which shared high sequence similarity with other identified Dna J proteins, such as a heat shock protein 40/Dna J from Pyropia haitanensis. The relative m RNA expression level of Py Dna J was investigated using real-time PCR to determine its specific expression during the algal life cycle and during desiccation. The relative m RNA expression level in sporophytes was higher than that in gametophytes and significantly increased during the whole desiccation process. These results indicate that Py Dna J is an authentic member of the Dna J family in plants and red algae and might play a pivotal role in mitigating damage to P. yezoensis during desiccation. 相似文献
16.
Chuner Cai Yuan Wang Chunxia Li Ziye Guo Rui Jia Weining Wu Yan Hu Peimin He 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,13(3):479-484
Phycoerythrin and phycocyanin were purified from Porphyra yezoensis Ueda with their bioactivity determined in this study. Continuous precipitation with ammonium sulfate at different concentrations （10%, 20%, 40%and 50%） increased the purity （A564：A280） of phycoerythrin to 1.49, 3.92 fold of the raw extract （0.38） and the purity （A615：A280） of phycocyanin to 0.70, 3.33 fold of the raw extract （0.21）. Two more times of chromatography with hydroxylapatites finally made the purity of phycoerythrin and phy-cocyanin reach 5.50, 14.47 fold of the raw extract, and 5.10, 24.29 fold of the raw extract, respectviely. The yield of high purity phycoerythrin and phycocyanin were 0.21%and 0.09%of dried P. yezoensis blade, respectively. The photodynamic cytotoxic ex-periment showed that both phycoerythrin and phycocyanin inhibited the growth of liver tumor cells significantly. It was found that 250 mg L-1 purified phycoerythrin and phycocyanin inhibited the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cells 24 h after laser-irradiation by 80%and 59%, respectively, and 100 mg L-1 purified phycoerythrin and phycocyanin induced the apoptosis of 31.54%and 32.54%of the cells, respectively, 8 h after photodynamic therapy. Oue findings demonstrated that P. yezoensis can serve as photosensitizer （phycoerythrin and phycocyanin） producer. 相似文献
17.
This research deals mainly with the use of the vegetative cells of a marine red algaPorphyra haitanensis (laver) as seeds and their culture into young thalli for further cultivation in the sea. The experimental process was as
follows. Enzymatically isolated vegetative cells were attached to rope substrates and cultured in the laboratory for a month
until they became about 0.2–0.5 cm long sporelings and were then attached (7–15 sporelings per cm of rope) to nets for removal
to the open sea for cultivation. A month after culturing, the thalli reached a maximum length of 50 cm (average of 20–30 cm).
The thalli grew faster as the water temperature dropped from 21°C to 17°C. It was proved that the vegetative cells isolated
from a small thallus about 5 cm long could grow up into normal thalli after being kept frozen for a year. The results of this
study show that vegetative cells can be used as new seeds to simplify the production of laver sporelings. This technique is
a significant advance in the field ofPorphyra culture. 相似文献
18.
It had been demonstrated that individual cells or protoplasts isolated from Porphyra thallus by enzyme could develop into normal leafy thalli in the same way as monospores, and that isolated cells develop in different way in liquid and on semi solid media. The authors observed the ultrastructure of isolated vegetative cells cultured on semi solid media and compared them with those of monospores and isolated cells cultured in liquid media. The results showed that subcellular structures were quite different among cells in different conditions. In their development, isolated cells on semi solid media did not show the characteristic subcellular feature of monospore formation, such as production of fibrous vesicles. Callus like cells formed on semi solid media underwent a distinctive modification in cellular organization. They developed characteristic cell inclusions and a special 2 layer cell covering. Golgi bodies, ER, starch grains, mitochondria. Vacuoles were not commonly found in them. 相似文献
19.
In Silico Screening for Microsatellite Markers from Expressed Sequence Tags of Porphyra yezoensis （Bangiales,Rhodophyta） 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
WANG Mengqiang HU Jingjie ZHUANG Yunyun ZHANG Lei LILT Wei MAO Yunxiang 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2007,6(2):161-166
The genomic resources of Porphyra yezoensis expressed sequence tags （ESTs） were utilized to identify simple sequence repeats （SSRs）, or microsatellites. This method took the advantage of using ESTs and microsatellites either for the establishment of gene identities or for the acquisition of high polymorphism. The microsatellites can be used as gene markers when microsatellites are tagged to genes. Revealed by bioinformatics analysis, 1162 out of 21954 ESTs contained microsatellites and cluster analysis indicated that 984 of these ESTs fell into 112 contigs, while the other 178 ESTs were singletons. A total of 290 unique SSR-containing genes were identified. The AAC SSRs were the most populous type of microsatellites. GC-rich microsatellites were predominant among all the microsatellites. 相似文献
20.
There are many reports that cells (protoplasts) separated from the thallus of Porphyra by enzyme can develop to normal leafy thalli in the same way as monopores. But there are few investigations on the subcellular structure of the isolated vegetative cell for ccmparison with the subcellular structure of monospores. To clarify whether the separated and cultured cells undergo the same or similar ultrastructure changes during culture and germination as monospores undergo in their formation and germination, we observed their ultrastructure, ccxnpared them with those of the monospore and found that the ultrastructure of separated and cultured cells did not have the characteristic feature as that of monospore formarion, such as production of small and large fibrous vesicles, but was acccxnpanied by vacuolation andstarch mobilization like that in monospore germination. The paper also discusses the relations between monospores and separated and cultured cells. 相似文献