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1.
Liu Hongyu 《中国地理科学(英文版)》1997,8(3):281-288
Wetland is a special ecological system in the earth, which can provide a good habitat for many wild animals. It is a reproduction
and overwintering area for many rare waterfowls, too. The northeast region, including Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning provinces,
and the east of Inner Mongolia, is a district with the maximum areas and types of wetlands in China. It is the center of the
waterfowls reproduction in Northeast Asia and the necessary region moving to the south. The conservation of wetland and waterfowls
habitats in northeast China plays an important role in international waterfowls habitats conservation. The northeast weterfowls’
types, number and distribution specific features are studied in three aspects in the paper, so do the rare waterfowls. Existing
problems and the administration polices on waterfowls and their habitats conservation in the northeast are also discussed.
It shows that the conservation of wetland waterfowls habitats in northeast China is important. 相似文献
2.
莱州湾南岸滨海湿地作为环渤海滨海湿地的一部分，具有海洋与河口交互性、海陆过渡性和生态脆弱性等特点，湿地面积广阔、资源丰富，是东北亚环西太平洋鸟类迁徙的重要“中转站”及越冬、栖息和繁殖地。湿地总面积为1150．079km^2，湿地维管束植物区系包括维管束植物53科144属217种。近年来，在对滨海湿地的开发中，虾池、盐田等人工湿地面积不断扩大，造成自然湿地面积减小、植被退化、地貌和水文条件改变、生物多样性下降，改变了原始的滨海湿地自然景观，破坏了珍稀鸟类的生存环境。 相似文献
3.
The northeast region is one of the principal mire distribution regions in China. According to the process of peat formation and accumulation , middle geomorphology type controlling water source supplement and the plant cover, 2 types, 10 subtypes and 27 mire bodies are divided. The mire area decreases gradually from north to south. There is more peat mire in the mountain and there is mainly gley mire without peat in the plain. The paper also explains the mire types in the principal mire distribution region and the utilization of mire in the fields of agriculture, forest, animal husbandry. The mire is a wetland ecosystem. It can reserve a lot of water, adjust rivers, humidify air. Thereby , attention must be paid to protecting ecological balance in the process of reclaiming mire and the mire protection. 相似文献
4.
白洋淀湿地是华北平原仅存的为数极少的湖泊型湿地之一,具有改善生态环境、保护生物多样性等功能。通过遥感手段进行白洋淀地区湿地变化研究,可为景观格局变化、生态环境分析及湿地保护等提供重要的信息支撑,具有非常重要的意义。本文在分析遥感大数据特点的基础上,对遥感应用中的大数据信息提取这一重要环节进行了分析,并以遥感信息计算为切入点,深入分析并总结了遥感大数据计算过程中的多种协同计算问题。结合白洋淀地区长时相遥感湿地水体提取与变化分析的应用需求,本文提出了基于协同计算方式下的白洋淀水体提取技术路线,并详细分析了水体信息计算过程中的几种重要的协同计算问题,提高了水体信息提取的精度。最后,根据白洋淀地区43期（1973-2015年）精确的水体提取信息,统计了白洋淀历史时期水体面积的变化,并指出该区域自1973年以来水体面积经历了“减少-增加-再减少-再增加”的变化过程。 相似文献
5.
《中国地理科学(英文版)》2019,(6)
Incorporating private and working lands into protected area networks could mitigate the isolation state of protected areas(PAs) and improve the efficiency of conservation.But how to select patches of land for conservation is still a troublesome issue.In this study, the MaxEnt model and irreplaceability index were applied to guide marsh conservation in the Nenjiang River Basin, Northeast China.According to the high accuracy of the MaxEnt model predictions(i.e., the average AUC value = 0.933), the Wuyuer River and Zhalong marshes in the downstream reaches of Wuyuer River are the optimal habitat for the Red-crowned crane and migratory waterfowls.There are 22 marsh patches selected by the patch irreplaceability index for conservation, of which 12 patches had been included in the current network of protected areas.The other 10 patches of marsh(amounting to 1096 km~2) far from human disturbances with high NDVI(up to 0.8) and close distance to water(less than 100 m), which are excluded from the existing network of PAs, should be implemented conservation easement programs to improve the protection efficiency of conservation.Specifically, the marshes at Taha, Tangchi, and Lamadian should be given priority for conservation and restoration to reintroduce migratory waterfowls, as this would lessen the current isolation state of the Zhalong National Nature Reserve. 相似文献
6.
STUDY ON WETLAND LOSS AND ITS REASONS IN CHINA 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
１ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＷｅｔｌａｎｄｓａｒｅｔｈｅｅｃｏｓｙｓｔｅｍｓｗｉｔｈｍａｎｙｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎｓａｎｄｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｐｒｏｖｉｄｉｎｇｕｓｗｉｔｈａｒａｎｇｅｏｆｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎｓａｎｄｂｅｎｅｆｉｔｓｓｕｃｈａｓｗａｔｅｒｓｕｐｐｌｙｆｌｏｗｒｅｇｕｌａｔｉｏｎｓｅｎｄｉｍｅｎｔｒｅｔｅｎｔｉｏｎｍｏｄｅｒａｔｉｏｎｏｆｃｌｉｍａｔｅｐｒｅｖｅｎｔｉｏｎｏｆｓａｌｉｎｅｗａｔｅｒｉｎｔｒｕｓｉｏｎｅｔｃ．Ａｌｔｈｏｕｇｈｗｅｔｌａｎｄｏｃｃｕｐｙｏｎｌｙａｂｏｕｔ６％… 相似文献
7.
基于无人机影像和面向对象随机森林算法的岩溶湿地植被识别方法研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目前对岩溶湿地的重视程度远低于其他湿地类型,缺乏利用遥感技术进行岩溶湿地植被高精度识别的研究,但岩溶湿地同其他湿地类型一样,湿地面积退化严重,亟待需要解决。因此,本文选取受人类活动影响较大、湿地退化较为严重的广西桂林会仙喀斯特国家湿地公园的部分核心区域作为研究区,以DJI大疆御Mavic Pro无人机航摄影像为数据源,利用泛化能力强、分类精度高的面向对象随机森林算法实现了会仙岩溶湿地植被的高精度分类,探究无人机可见光影像和面向对象随机森林算法在岩溶湿地植被识别中的适用性,为无人机遥感技术应用于岩溶湿地的研究和保护提供技术参考。首先,在eCognition Developer9.0中利用多尺度迭代分割算法对影像图层进行分割;然后,基于以往在进行面向对象分类研究的经验来指导我们进行特征选择,充分考虑了影像的光谱和纹理特征、植被指数、无人机遥感数据派生的研究区数字地表模型（DSM）和几何特征;最后,在RStudio中实现了随机森林算法参数的调优、模型的构建以及分类。结果显示,面向对象随机森林算法对会仙湿地植被具有较高的识别能力,在95%置信区间内总体精度为86.75%,Kappa系数为0.83。在单一典型岩溶湿地植被识别精度中,狗牙根-白茅-水龙植被群丛的用户精度在90%以上,生产者精度高于80%,竹子-马甲子-桂花生产者精度高于80%,但是用户精度较低,仅为70.59%。 相似文献
8.
近30年天津滨海新区湿地景观格局遥感监测分析 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
在GIS和FRAGSTATS软件支持下,结合景观格局数量分析方法,利用1979-2008年间共6期TM遥感影像与非遥感数据,对天津滨海新区近30年的湿地景观空间格局进行了动态分析。结果表明,滨海新区湿地(以人工湿地为主),1979-2004年滨海新区湿地总面积变化不大,但各类型间转换较大,主要是自然湿地转变为人工湿地,沼泽湿地几近消失。2006-2008年,由于城市建设大量滨海滩涂湿地被围填占用,到2009年5月自然海岸线的90%以上被占用。景观破碎度增加,湿地斑块数量从137个增加到704个,同时造成平均斑块面积下降。驱动力分析表明,降雨量减少的同时,年平均气温上升是主要的自然驱动因素。和自然因素相比,人类干扰为主要人文驱动因素,表现在水产养殖为主的农业经济活动、城市建设用地占用和围海造地等方面。目前,滨海新区几乎没有自然湿地生态系统,破碎化和人工化是该区域湿地的主要特征。 相似文献
9.
APPLICATION OF ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS TO ASSESSING THE ECOLOGICAL VULNERABILITY OF WETLANDS IN THE JIANGHAN PLAIN 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
WANGXue-lei NINGLong-mei HUWang-bin 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2003,13(3):272-276
Wetlands in the Jianghan Plain are important components of wetland types in lake area in the middle and lower reaches the Changjiang (Yangtze) River and they fulfill many uses and functions related to hydrology,waste assimilation, ecosystem productivity and biodiversity. Owing to natural factors and human activities, especially excessive reclamation from lakes, the shrinking process of the lakes has been accelerated. Wetland ecosystem has shown the characteristics of vulnerability. According to the analysis of wetland ecological function in the Jianghan Plain, this paper presented an index system related to productivity, stability and environmental capacity. By using the method of Analytic Hierarchy Process, we computed the values of the relative weights of the indexes, and evaluated the vulnerability level of the wetland ecosystem by the method of multi-indexes. The case study showed that the fragile extent of wetland ecosystem in the Jianghan Plain is 5.6. This means that the wetland ecosystem in the Jiang-han Plain is laid to the state of middle vulnerability. Therefore, the wetland conservation and eco-rehabilitation in the JiangJaan Plain should be paid attention to. 相似文献
10.
中国东北地区地震构造以盆地群及控制盆地群的北东向断裂为主要特征,其中松辽盆地及控制该盆地的北东向断裂最具代表性,该盆地也是区域地震活动最强烈的地区。日本大地震后对中国东北地区主要活动断裂触发的库仑破裂应力中,北东向展布的大多增加,从西北至东南、从西南至东北具有逐渐增加的特点;北西向展布以及近东西向展布的大多减小,且从西至东、从西北至东南的减小值逐渐增大。日本大地震改变了中国东北地区与日本本岛的基本运动趋势,日本大地震的发生使中国东北地区由原来的挤压状态改变为拉张状态。在2002~2018年、2006~2018年2个时段的运动趋势中,日本大地震对中国东北地区的影响仍非常显著,现今中国东北地区的地球动力学环境仍将处于日本大地震的影响之中,对较为规律的中国东北地区浅源地震和深源地震的韵律性特征将产生一定影响。1999年开始的第5活动期已经结束,或将进入第6活动期前的间歇平静期,或仍将持续一段时间,还需时间的验证。 相似文献
11.
Shuangtaizi estuarine wetland along the Bohai Sea coast,the biggest bulrush wetland in the world,has been listed in ‘The Record of Important International Wetland Conservation District’. Taking the year of 2 000 as an example,the minimum,the most suitable and the maximum ecological water requirement of Shuangtaizi estuarine wetland are calculated in this paper based on both ecological theory and Geological Information System technology. In addition,the remote sensing technique is adopted in the data acquisi... 相似文献
12.
Xiaofei Yu Shanshan Ding Yuanchun Zou Zhenshan Xue Xianguo Lyu Guoping Wang 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2018,28(4):654-664
Northeast China is the region with the largest area of wetlands in China. The Sanjiang Plain and the Songnen Plain are large freshwater marsh distribution regions that are affected by climate warming and by the increasing frequency and density of extreme weather and are the regions most subject to disturbances by human activities in Northeast China. The wetlands of the Sanjiang Plain and the Songnen Plain have shrunk severely in the past 60 years, and wetland functions have been reduced substantially because of climate change, unreasonable land use, fire episodes, engineering and construction works and urbanization. Large-scale agricultural development started in the 1950s has been the most important driving factor for wetland loss and degradation in the Sanjiang Plain. Water shortage has been the most important factor for degradation and fragmentation of wetlands in the Songnen Plain. To mitigate wetland degradation and better protect wetlands, special regulations, long-term mechanisms and technical support of wetland protection should be established. A wetland compensation program should be implemented, and technologies for increasing the adaptive capacity of wetlands should be developed. Moreover, it is most important to find the balanced threshold between agricultural development and wetland protection. 相似文献
13.
鲁南微山县郗山稀土矿为我国北方三大富轻稀土矿之一,也是山东省最重要的轻稀土矿产地,其周边地区是山东省重要的稀土矿远景找矿预测区。通过综合找矿方法在山东省枣庄市薛城地区开展矿产调查工作,发现了重要的稀土矿找矿线索,其成矿类型、成矿时期及成矿模式等与郗山稀土矿具有内在的时空、成因联系。该文以利用综合找矿方法在枣庄薛城地区稀土矿调查评价中的应用为实例,通过与郗山稀土矿的对比探讨,分析了该区稀土矿的成矿规律及成矿模式,并结合区域成矿背景进行了成矿预测,对鲁南地区今后稀土矿的调查评价工作具有指导作用。 相似文献
14.
Shuangtaizi estuarine wetland along the Bohai Sea coast, the biggest bulrush wetland in the world, has been listed in ‘The
Record of Important International Wetland Conservation District’. Taking the year of 2 000 as an example, the minimum, the
most suitable and the maximum ecological water requirement of Shuangtaizi estuarine wetland are calculated in this paper based
on both ecological theory and Geological Information System technology. In addition, the remote sensing technique is adopted
in the data acquisition process. Moreover, the total water requirement and the unit area water requirement for different wetland
types are obtained. The result is very important for water resources planning, ecological conservation and regional agriculture
structure adjustment in Shuangtaizi. Meanwhile, this study can serve as a useful example for calculating the ecological water
requirement in other similar estuarine wetlands. 相似文献
15.
Shuangtaizi estuary wetland, the largest natural conservation district in China, and one of the best preserved, largest ecological
lands with the most complete vegetation types in the world, is located in Panjin city, Liaoning Province. In recent years,
the degradation of Shuangtaizi estuary wetland is very serious. In order to rescue lives in the wetland and protect valuable
natural resources, the information system of Shuangtaizi estuary wetland was built with ‘3S’ technology, and the minimum,
optimum, and maximum eco-environmental water requirements were calculated respectively. Furthermore, for restoring the ecological
functions of wetland and preventing wetland degradation, the balance between supply and demand of water resource was analyzed,
and an optimal allocation scheme of water resources was proposed based on three kinds of equilibrium. 相似文献
16.
EFFECTS OF AGRICULTURE RECLAMATION ON THE HYDROLOGIC CHARACTERISTICS IN THE SANJIANG PLAIN, CHINA 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
1 THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS The Sanjiang Plain is located in the northeast of Heilongjiang Province, China. Russia borders this region in the north and east. Its total area is 1.088×107ha. The area of plain occupies 61.21％of the total land area and that of hill and mountain amounts to 38.79％of the total land area. It is not only one of the most important regions with large area of fresh water wetlands and with varieties of rare migratory waterfowls, but a… 相似文献
17.
Wetland economic valuation approaches and prospects in China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Ecosystem services valuation seeks to increase the social relevance of ecosystem characteristics, the underlying biological mechanisms that support services, by making the contribution of ecosystems to human well-being explicit. Economic valuation can help management by clarifying the full range of benefits and costs of proposed management actions. In the past two decades, economic valuation of wetland ecosystem services has become one of the most significant scientific priorities for wetland protection. In this paper, we provide an overview of ecosystem services, and summarize the main interdisciplinary approaches to measure and value wetland ecosystem services. We identified four main methodological gaps preventing progress on wetland valuation of ecosystem services in China, which are: 1) confusion on terminology like intermediate and final ecosystem services, 2) lack of ecological production functions to link ecosystem characteristics to final ecosystem services, 3) static valuation making it difficult to evaluate the trade-offs and synergies among ecosystem services, and 4) lack of clear guidance on relating ecological compensation programs to conservation targets. Overcoming these gaps is important to inform wetland compensation mechanisms and conservation policies. We propose future research on wetland ecosystem services in China should be focused on: 1) defining final ecosystem services based on beneficiary preferences and underlying biophysical mechanisms, 2) establishing wetland monitoring programs at specific sites to collect data on final ecosystem service indicators and ecosystem characteristic metrics to create ecological production functions for economic valuation and rescaling techniques, and 3) incorporating wetland ecosystem service values into decision-making processes to inform wetland management. 相似文献
18.
Mangrove forests provide valuable societal and ecological services and goods. However, they have been experiencing high annual rates of loss in many parts of the world. In order to evaluate a long-term wetland conservation strategy that compromises urban development with comprehensive wetland ecosystem management, remote sensing techniques were used to analyze the changing mangrove distribution in the Zhanjiang Mangrove Forest National Nature Reserve. Between 1991 and 2000, the mangrove area within the study region declined from 2 264.9 to 2 085.9 ha consistent with an annual decrease of 0.79%. However, there was an overall 34.3% increase in mangrove coverage from 2 085.9 to 2 801.8 ha between 2000 and 2011. Major causes of forest loss include local human pressures in the form of deforestation, conversion to agriculture, and natural forces such as erosion. The recent gain in mangrove forest cover is attributed to eff ective conservation management in the nature reserve area, including intensive mangrove plantation eff orts and increased local awareness of wetland conservation. 相似文献
19.
1 INTRODUCTION The Ussuri / Wusuli River watershed is located in the southeast part of Heilongjiang Province of China, which joins remote regions of Russia. The watershed consists of approximately 26 000 000 ha, which is about two thirds of the watershed ecosystem in Russia, one third in China. The Ussuri River forms part of the border between Russia and China, the shared border stretches more than 1100 km. Khanka/Xingkai Lake lies within both China and Russia. Its total area … 相似文献
20.
Wetland Is an important landscape existing almost DEFINITIONS OF WETLANDall over the world．In China，wetlands are distributedeverywhe。加mfrlgld－tern。。。ie zone to tropical zone，XU QI et al．dehned wetland as the soil which isfrom lmoral！o Inland from paln to pforeau and moisten by under－ground water or Is permanently ormountains．＞ome ot the wetlands share the sam。char－temno。rllv soak。d by ground。ater（XU，1995）．Thisacterlstlcs of other countries，and some are un… 相似文献