共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
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数字高程模型(Digital Elevation Model,DEM)的数据误差和地形描述误差是两种不同性质的误差.本文以模拟实验获得的高精度DEM为数据源,分析坡度计算精度与DEM数据误差和地形描述误差的耦合关系.研究表明:DEM数据误差和地形描述误差对坡度精度影响是一个反向作用的过程.随着DEM格网的增大,数据误差的影响逐渐减小,地形描述误差的影响逐渐增大;在起伏变化地形区域,坡度误差先减小后增大,且存在一个最佳大小的格网,此时坡度误差最小.最佳格网的大小与DEM数据误差大小和地形起伏变化的复杂程度密切相关.研究结果表明,基于DEM提取坡度的误差来源与误差性质,对正确估算坡度精度具有很好的实际意义. 相似文献
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温湿指数是气候舒适度评价模型之一,通过温度与湿度的组合反映人体与周围环境的热量交换,本文利用2003-2018年浙江省及其周边71个气象站点月平均气温、地面水汽压数据,以及MODIS水汽产品,基于GridMet模型模拟了浙江省各月温湿指数空间分布（100 m×100 m）,分析了浙江省温湿指数随地形因子（海拔、坡度、坡向）变化的特征;讨论了各地形因子对温湿指数空间分布的影响程度。结果表明：① 海拔、坡度、坡向3个地形因子中,1月温湿指数随坡向的变化最大,7月最小;② 同坡向上,坡度变化对1月温湿指数影响较大,而海拔变化则是对7月影响最大;③ 南坡1月温湿指数随海拔和坡度增加均略为增加,南坡其他月份及北坡各月均为随海拔和坡度增加温湿指数减小;④ 北坡相对于南坡而言,海拔和坡度对温湿指数的影响更为明显。浙江大部分山区由于地形影响,夏季较为“舒适”,适宜建立避暑消夏的旅游项目。 相似文献
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在南北向低空急流下,通过简单二层模式讨论地形起伏对重力惯性波的影响,研究指出:(1)存在一个对重力惯性波稳定度无影响的函数和不产生不稳定重力惯性波地形函数;(2)地形起伏越大,不稳定重力惯性波越强;(3)无论南风或北风基流,都是南坡比北坡更有利于产生不稳定重力惯性波。最后,通过实例计算表明,动力分析结果与实况有较好的一致性。 相似文献
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InSAR相位解缠是利用干涉合成孔径雷达(InSAR)数据,提取数字高程模型,进行精确差分干涉测量的关键技术之一。然而缠绕的差分相位信息在地形陡峭或者坡度变化较大区域的解缠结果会有较大的误差传递的问题,针对此问题将干涉图中的地形坡度表示为距离向和方位向的局部相位频率,利用局部相位频率估计地形坡度和推导缠绕相位梯度概率密度函数(PG-PDF)参数模型,并将参数模型作为非线性最小二乘相位解缠模型约束条件,平滑不满足要求的缠绕相位梯度,经过迭代求解得到的解缠结果可以在消除噪声的同时减少地形因素的欠采样对相位解缠结果的影响,提高相位解缠的精度。最后,利用欧空局ENVISAT ASAR卫星获取的干涉数据进行实验,验证了算法在解缠精度和对地形的适应性方面优于直接加权的相位解缠算法,在频域下顾及地形的方法能有效克服LS对于相位坡度欠估计的缺点,具有较高的精度和稳定性,能够有效地考虑地形坡度的影响,抑制误差传递。 相似文献
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地形复杂山区常用植被指数的地形校正对比 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
植被指数能反映地表植被生长、覆盖等情况,常作为反演植物生物物理参量的有效参数。然而,在地形复杂的山区,由于地形效应的影响,导致一些植被指数适用性受限。基于以上现状,本文以贵州省江口县为研究区,采用4种地形校正模型（Teillet-回归模型、Minnaert模型、C模型、SCS+C模型）对常用植被指数（SR、MSR、NDVI、SAVI、MSAVI、EVI）进行地形校正,以评价不同坡度条件下植被指数地形校正效果。结果表明：地形校正对缓解波段比形式的植被指数（SR、MSR、NDVI）地形效应的作用有限,而对非波段比形式的植被指数（SAVI、MSAVI、EVI）效果较好。另外,随着坡度增加,地形效应显著,地形校正效果也更明显：坡度较小时,波段比形式的植被指数无需进行地形校正,而建议非波段比形式的植被指数进行地形校正;坡度较大时,建议2类植被指数都进行地形校正,但非波段比形式的植被指数可能会发生过度校正现象。此外,地形校正后非波段比形式的植被指数与森林地上生物量线性回归模型的精度明显提高。因此,建议在地形复杂山区利用非波段比形式的植被指数进行定量反演时,先进行地形校正。 相似文献
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DEM提取坡度信息的不确定性分析 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
以陕西省671幅1∶50000比例尺,25m分辨率的DEM数据为信息源,分析DEM分辨率对提取坡度信息的不确定性影响。研究表明:平均坡度随DEM分辨率的减小呈显著递减型二次曲线变化,但当DEM分辨率减小到一定程度时,平均坡度将趋于稳定;并且,随DEM分辨率变化,坡度的不确定性呈现明显的空间结构性分布,DEM栅格单元内部地形的复杂性和变异性越大,坡度提取不确定性越大,如沟坡地坡度提取误差明显大于沟间地。因此,实际应用中要充分考虑研究区域DEM地形描述的尺度效应和不确定性问题,选择合适尺度的DEM提取坡度信息,保证提取结果的科学有效。 相似文献
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以岭北稀土矿区植被退化的环境为研究背景,数据选择1990、1999、2008、2013四年30 m分辨率LandsatTM数据,利用像元二分模型估算研究区植被覆盖度;利用DEM数据获取研究区的坡度及坡向地形因子,并对不同地形因子进行定量评价。分析定南县岭北矿区植被覆盖度与不同地形因子条件的相关性,及不同地形因子条件下植被覆盖的分布特点。研究结果表明:植被覆盖度受高程、坡度影响较大,其中在高程400 m到500 m,坡度6°~15°区域内植被覆盖度较其他区域高,坡向影响主要表现在阳坡阴坡上,阴坡植被覆盖度普遍比阳坡高。研究结果能够快速、客观地反映稀土矿区植被的状况,为南方稀土矿区环境的治理和监测提供有效科学依据。 相似文献
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TanDEM-X 90 m 数字高程模型（DEM）在其原始雷达影像的采集与DEM产品生产过程中,坡度、坡向和地表覆盖物等 因素都会对误差产生一定的影响。为了便于该数据更好地为各领域的研究提供服务,本文以整个中国大陆为研究区域,运用ICESat/GLA14数据对该区域的TanDEM-X 90 m DEM对应位置的高程数据进行提取统计,对比分析了我国陆地区域 TanDEM-X DEM数据与GLA14高程点数据的整体误差精度,并提取坡度、坡向地形因子,研究TanDEM-X 90 m DEM误差在不同坡度、不同坡向以及不同地表覆盖物影响下的分布规律。结果表明：① TanDEM-X 90 m DEM在中国区域整体的绝对误差均值为3.89 m,中误差为9.03 m,标准差为8.85 m; ② 受地形因子的影响,在坡度<3°时,绝对误差均值仅为1.29 m,标准差为2.84 m; 在坡度>25°时,绝对误差均值20 m以上,标准差也达到30 m左右,即误差随着坡度的上升逐渐增大;③ 坡向对误差也有一定影响,在南北方向的绝对误差均值明显比东西方向小;④ 受地表覆盖物影响较大,在荒地误差最小,绝对误差均值仅为 1.85 m,但在冰川积雪区绝对误差均值达到12.68 m。通过与无人机获取的等高线及剖面图对比分析发现,TanDEM-X 90 m DEM能较好地反映真实地形情况。最后,根据不同影响因素的权值,绘制全国范围的TanDEM-X 90 m DEM误差绝对值分布图,且验证了可靠性。 相似文献
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The ability of cell to modulate the fluidity of plasma membrane was crucial to the survival of microorganism at low temperature. Plasma membrane proteins, fatty acids and carotenoids profiles of Antarctic psychrophilc yeast Rhodotorula sp. NJ298 were investigated at -3 ℃, 0 ℃ and 8 ℃. The results showed that plasma membrane protein content was greater at -3 ℃ than that at 8 ℃, and a unique membrane polypeptide composition with an apparent molecular mass of 94.7 kDa was newly synthesized with SDS-PAGE analysis; GC analysis showed that the main changes of fatty acids were the percentage of unsaturated fatty acids (C18∶ 1 and C18∶ 2) and shorter chain saturated fatty acid (C10∶ 0) increased along with the decrease of the culture temperature from 8 ℃ to -3 ℃; HPLC analysis indicated that astaxanthin was the major functional carotenoids of the plasma membrane, percentage of which increased from 54.6±1.5% at 8 ℃ to 81.9±2.1% at -3 ℃. However the fluidity of plasma membrane which was determined by measuring fluorescence anisotropy was similar at -3 ℃, 0 ℃ and 8 ℃. Hence these changes in plasma membrane's characteristics were involved in the cellular cold-adaptation by which NJ298 could maintain normal plasma membrane fluidity at near-freezing temperature. 相似文献
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《极地研究(英文版)》2014,(4)
正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprehensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose 相似文献
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《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,(4)
<正>Copyright Submfnion of a roanusatpt inks:that the work described has not been published before(exoept In the form of an abstrW or as part of a published lecture,review,or thesis);that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere that its publication has been approved by ail 相似文献
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《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,(6)
<正>The Journal of Ocean University of China(Oceanic and Coastal Sea Research)is a comprehensive academic quarterly sponsored by the Ocean University of China,published one volume per year.This journal is devoted to the publication of the theoretical and applied research results on oceanography and marine fisheries.The fieldcovered include the physical,chemical,biological,geo- 相似文献
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Massimo GRECO 《山地科学学报》2014,(6):1383-1384
<正>The 35th IAHR World Congress was held in Chengdu,China from September 8 to September 132013.The title of the conference was:"The Wise Finds Pleasure in Water:Meandering through Water Science and Engineering".During the congress,1239 papers were presented in 139sessions for oral presentations and 7 sessions for poster presentations.After the Congress,a Committee was appointed to select some of the best papers presented at the Congress for publication,after a 相似文献
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As an important component of the cryosphere,sea ice is very sensitive to the climate change.The study of the sea ice physics needs accurate sea ice thickness.This paper presents an electromagnetic-induction(EM) technique which can be used to measure the sea ice thickness distribution efficiently,and the successful application in Bothnian Bay.Based on the electromagnetic field theory and the electrical properties of sea ice and seawater,EM technique can detect the distance between the instrument and the ice/water interface accurately,than the sea ice thickness is obtained.Contrastive analysis of the apparent conductivity data obtained by EM and the value of drill-hole at same positions allows a construction of a transformable formula of the apparent conductivity to sea ice thickness.The verification of the sea ice thickness calculated by this formula indicates that EM technique is able to get reliable sea ice thickness with average relative error of only 12%.The statistic of all ice thickness profiles shows that the level ice distribution in Bothnian Bay was 0.4-0.6 m. 相似文献
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Based on the hydrographic data in austral summer during the 22nd Antarctic Expedition of China(2005/2006),some features can be found about the northern margin of Emery ice shelf as follows.The heat content in the surface layer(0-50 m) at the eastern end and the western end of the ice-shelf margin is much higher than that at the middle.The upper mixing-layer depth and the seasonal thermocline depth at the middle of the ice-shelf northern margin are much shallower than those at the both ends.However there is much less difference between the middle and the ends in the bottom layer.The remote sensing photos show that the inhomogeneity in the surface-layer water is closely related to the spatial distribution of the floes and polynia in the area. 相似文献
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Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA of 8 strains of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice was studied.The results showed that strain BJ1 belonged to genus Planococcus,which was a genus of low mole percent G C gram-positive bacteria;strain BJ6 belonged to genus Burkholderia of β-proteobacteria and the rest 6 strain all belonged to γ-proteobacteria,of which strain BJ8 was a species of Pseudoalteromonas,strain BJ2-BJ5 and BJ7 were members of genus Psychrobacter.Phylogenetic analysis also indicated that bacteria of genus Psychrobacter of the isolates formed a relatively independent phylogenetic cluster in comparison with other bacteria belonged to genus Psychrobacter. 相似文献
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正Rapid changes of Arctic sea ice cover have been in the focus of the international climate research community in recent years.Quite a few of nations have completed a large number of related surveys and research projects in the Arctic Ocean.Up to now,China has performed six research cruises to the Arctic Ocean resulting in a significant volume of research output.Improved knowledge on the atmospheree-sea ice-ocean interactions in the Arctic is a 相似文献