共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
福州SA雷达经过调整常规观测模式采用超低仰角进行扫描,这样可以改进常规观测模式的不足,如远距离和底层探测能力、台风预警预报等,但也易受海浪回波等非气象回波的影响。这些非气象回波会对雷达定量估测降水及其他产品造成污染,所以必须进行自动识别、剔除。分别对超低仰角与常规观测模式仰角下收集到的海浪回波做特征统计分析对比,并利用常规观测模式下的海浪回披识别算法对超低仰角层下观测的海浪回波进行识别。通过特征统计分析及识别结果表明：海浪回波算法识别参数（TDBZ、SPIN、TVDBZ、MDVE）统计特征均无太大变化,利用常规模式下海浪回波识别算法能很好地识别超低仰角下的海浪回波。通过上述验证分析得出：利用常规观测模式下的海浪回波识别算法应用在超低仰角下进行识别是可行的。 相似文献
2.
海面风场是海洋学的基本参量,获取海面风场对了解海洋的物理过程以及海洋与大气之间的相互作用至关重要。宽阔的海域面积及复杂的海面状况通常使南海海面上的风场信息很难被及时获取。ENVISAT ASAR是一种全天候全天时监测海面的微波雷达传感器,可实时获取海面风场数据。本文基于已有ASAR数据对南海海面风场进行反演实验,首先将结合高斯曲线拟合的FFT风向反演方法应用于南海风向反演,并参考Cross-Calibrated Multi-Platform （CCMP）风场数据去除180o方向模糊获得海面风向。然后,将高斯曲线拟合-FFT风向与传统的峰值-FFT风向进行对比,最后将准确率较高的高斯曲线拟合-FFT风向分别输入CMOD4模型和CMOD5模型获得海面风速大小。实验结果与CCMP参考数据的比较结果表明,在风条纹不明显的情况下,利用结合高斯曲线的FFT风向反演方法和CMOD4模型风速反演方法可有效地进行南海海面风场反演。该成果对利用SAR数据实时获取南海大面积海面风场信息,尤其是观测点缺乏海域的风场信息,具有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
3.
《广东海洋大学学报》2014,(1)
利用NCEP预报风场,对2013年3月中旬发生在中国海的一次强冷空气过程进行分析,并利用预报风场计算得到这期间的风能密度,实现"风能密度数值预报",可为风电机采集风能提供日常保障,以提高装备的采集、转换效率。结果表明,1)NCEP预报风场可以很好地刻画冷空气给中国海带来的大风过程,从曲线走势、相关系数、偏差、均方根误差、平均绝对误差等分析也发现,NCEP预报风速在中国海具有很高精度。2)冷空气影响的海域,伴有明显的大风的过程,风能密度也出现明显的增幅。冷空气影响渤海时,该海域大部分区域的风速在10 m/s以上,大值中心在16 m/s以上;风能密度基本都在1 400 W/m2以上。冷空气影响的海域容易出现10 m/s以上的大风,对应区域的风能密度基本都在1 400 W/m2以上;冷空气的边缘海域风速也在8 m/s以上,风能密度在350 W/m2以上。3)利用NCEP预报风场,对海上风电场的风速、风能密度进行预报是可行的,可为风能开发、防灾减灾提供科学依据。 相似文献
4.
地形对台风影响的数值模拟研究——以台风“泰利”为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究台湾岛地形对台风移动路径及结构的影响,利用高分辨率中尺度MM5V3模式,设计3组敏感性试验,对“0513”号台风“泰利”在2005年8月31日00：06到9月1日18：00（世界时）影响台湾岛的过程进行数值模拟研究。主要就台湾岛地形对台风移动路径、气压场、散度场、涡度场和降水场进行分析。试验结果表明：台湾岛地形对台风“泰利”的移动路径和中心气压的影响不显著;地形的强迫作用对台风涡度场的中心强度和非对称结构有明显的影响;台湾岛地形是形成迎风坡诱生低压和背风坡诱生高压的主要因子;地形是台风外围降水加强的主要原因。 相似文献
5.
随着我国AMDAR资料（商业飞机气象观测）不断增加并已逐步应用于数值天气预报,AMDAR观测资料的质量影响其在天气预报业务中的应用效果。为评估AMDAR数据的质量,利用统计学方法,通过对选定的AMDAR温度及风场观测数据,进行其质量特性量一随机误差均方根的统计分析。分析结果表明：温度的随机误差均方根为0．90℃,风速的观测随机误差均方根为1．24m／s。温度观测随机误差均方根、风速观测误差均方根在边界层较大,边界层以上较小。在300hPa-500hPa气压层达到最小,其温度观测随机误差为0．76℃、风速观测随机误差均方根为1．03m／s。 相似文献
6.
IPCC AR5 全球气候模式模拟的中国地区日平均降水精度评价 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文利用中国区域660个站点逐日地面降水资料,评估了由IPCC（the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change）数据中心于2014年最新发布的15个全球气候模式（Global Climate Models, GCMs）以及多模式集合（Multi-Model Ensemble, MME）对中国降水的模拟精度。首先,从全球范围数据集中读取研究区范围内的GCMs降水模拟数据;然后,提取各个气象站点处的GCMs模拟值;其次,将GCMs在同一站点的模拟值取平均,得到MME模拟值;最后,以气象站点实际观测值为基准,对GCMs的模拟值精度进行评估。研究结果表明：IPCC AR5 GCMs 1996-2005年平均日降水模拟值偏差在中国地区的空间分布均呈现出西北向东南逐渐减小的特征,东部地区平均相对误差较小,平均相对误差较大的点主要分布在西部,但均方根误差呈现出从西北向东南增加的趋势;MRI-CGCM3有82.3%的日平均降水模拟值偏差都比较小,偏差介于-0.5到0.5之间;对于中国地区1996-2005年平均日降水量,BNU和MIROC-ESM模拟精度最低;MME模式模拟值的相关系数>0.5、平均相对误差<0.5和均方根误差<4 mm的百分率均为最高,分别达到64.8%、25.8%和86.4%,偏差介于-0.5到0.5之间的比例为56.7%,说明MME对中国地区日平均降水的模拟精度优于大部分模式,MME模式可在一定程度上减少单个模式未来情景模拟的不确定性。 相似文献
7.
《广东海洋大学学报》2015,(4)
研究了一个强度较强、移动较快的台风"麦莎"对浮游植物叶绿素a浓度的影响。利用卫星遥感资料,分析了台风"麦莎"经历前后海表叶绿素a浓度、海表温度(SST)和风速的变化,并初步讨论了近岸与离岸海域海表叶绿素a浓度在台风影响下的不同响应。结果表明,台风"麦莎"对东海海域产生了较大影响。台风路径附近的近岸、离岸海域SST响应都十分明显,台湾岛以东的离岸海域SST平均值约由台风前29°C降为台风中的26.4°C,台风后回升至最大值27.8°C。中国大陆东南沿海的近岸区域SST从台风前28.6°C达到台风中最低值26.1°C,台风后回升至最大值28°C。离岸海域海表叶绿素a浓度始终保持在较低的水平,由台风前0.049 mg·m-3增长至台风后0.077 mg·m-3,在台风期间保持缓慢增长的趋势。而近岸区域在强烈风场的影响下,近岸台风发生前存在的较高值区出现了急剧的衰减,由台风前1.83 mg·m-3降至台风中0.73 mg·m-3,并在台风过境后两天迅速回升至1.17mg·m-3。台风期间近岸海域海表叶绿素a浓度和风速呈负相关,台风后近岸海域叶绿素a浓度恢复至台风前水平时间很短,出现了与离岸海域截然不同的响应变化。 相似文献
8.
为了研究云中微物理量与台风降水的关系,选取0908号台风"莫拉克"作为个例,利用中国自主研发的全球区域同化预报系统对台风引起的暴雨过程进行了数值模拟。该模式系统中包含有详细的云微物理过程。结合TRMM卫星资料、MODIS云顶温度资料、FY-2卫星云图以及常规地面观测等资料与模式结果进行对比分析。分析结果表明,此次强降水主要发生在福建大部分地区以及浙江东南部地区,模拟6小时累积降水最大值超过90m,模式对此次暴雨的雨带位置及其走向都有较好的模拟。台风中云微物理量的垂直分布基本可以分为3层,由冰晶与雪组成的冰相层,一般位于100～400hPa;由云水和雨水组成的液相层,一般位于600hPa之下,以及由霰与云水、雨水形成的混合层,主要分布在400～600hPa。霰在暖区的融化以及云水、雨水的碰并是降水的主要来源。 相似文献
9.
对四平台、榆树台地电场北分量Ex和东分量Ey不同时段分钟值与长春台分量地磁、分量应变资料进行日变形态、日变幅等方面的对比分析,运用FFT将各观测资料的优势周期分解出来,以期进一步得到各物理量之间的相互关系,同时对地电场在地震前的对应性进行相关总结。结果表明：1）两台地电场日变化都以双峰单谷为主;两测向优势周期都是以12 h、8 h为主。与分量磁场相比,东分量By与Ex比较吻合,北分量Bx与Ey的对应性很高;与分量应变相比,12 h的优势周期为共有周期。2）两台地电场都能够记录到明显的地电暴同步变化。3）Ey与Bx的日变幅比较同步,Ex与By的日变幅比较同步,且呈现出较明显的季节变化。4）两台地电场都能够较为清晰地记录到一定的短临异常,但两台震前异常表现形式不尽相同,出现异常的时间也不同：震中距越近,出现异常越早,异常幅度也越大。 相似文献
10.
硫酸盐气溶胶对长江中下游夏季降水年代际转型的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了研究人为硫酸盐气溶胶增长对1970年代末长江中下游夏季降水年代际转型的影响,使用全球气候模式（GFDL—AM2）,对硫酸盐直接气候效应进行了模拟。结果表明,硫酸盐气溶胶增长引起的降水年代际变化与观测到的降水转型有很好的时空一致性;观测中包括副热带高压西伸南移、中国东部近地面异常北风等夏季风年代际减弱信号以及对应的垂直温度、上升运动分布等均能很好地被模式再现。机制上,硫酸盐气溶胶通过引起负辐射强迫,造成中国中东部的大部分地区地面到对流层中层降温,海陆热力对比减小,使东亚夏季风减弱,雨带容易在长江中下游停留,从而导致该区域降水增多。于是,硫酸盐气溶胶增多对长江中下游降水年代际转型有重要贡献。 相似文献
11.
Using the wave model WAVEWATCH III(WW3), we simulated the generation and propagation of typhoon waves in the South China Sea and adjacent areas during the passage of typhoon Nesat(2011). In the domain 100°–145°E and 0°–35°N, the model was forced by the cross-calibrated multi-platform(CCMP) wind fi elds of September 15 to October 5, 2011. We then validated the simulation results against wave radar data observed from an oil platform and altimeter data from the Jason-2 satellite. The simulated waves were characterized by fi ve points along track using the Spectrum Integration Method(SIM) and the Spectrum Partitioning Method(SPM), by which wind sea and swell components of the 1D and 2D wave spectra are separated. There was reasonable agreement between the model results and observations, although the WW3 wave model may underestimate swell wave height. Signifi cant wave heights are large along the typhoon track and are noticeably greater on the right of the track than on the left. Swells from the east are largely unable to enter the South China Sea because of the obstruction due to the Philippine Islands. During the initial stage and later period of the typhoon, swells at the fi ve points were generated by the propagation of waves that were created by typhoons Haitang and Nalgae. Of the two methods, the 2D SPM method is more accurate than the 1D SIM which overestimates the separation frequency under low winds, but the SIM method is more convenient because it does not require wind speed and wave direction. When the typhoon left the area, the wind sea fractions decreased rapidly. Under similar wind conditions, the points located in the South China Sea are affected less than those points situated in the open sea because of the infl uence of the complex internal topography of the South China Sea. The results reveal the characteristic wind sea and swell features of the South China Sea and adjacent areas in response to typhoon Nesat, and provide a reference for swell forecasting and offshore structural designs. 相似文献
12.
《中国海洋湖沼学报》2019,(6)
In this study, typhoon waves generated during three typhoons(Damrey(1210), Fung-wong(1416), and Chan-hom(1509)) in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea were simulated in a simulating waves nearshore(SWAN) model, and the wind forcing was constructed by combining reanalyzed wind data with a Holland typhoon wind model. Various parameters, such as the Holland fitting parameter(B) and the maximum wind radius(R), were investigated in sensitivity experiments in the Holland model that affect the wind field construction. Six different formulations were considered and the parameters determined by comparing the simulated wind results with in-situ wind measurements. The key factors affecting wave growth and dissipation processes from deep to shallow waters were studied, including wind input, whitecapping, and bottom friction. Comparison with in-situ wave measurements suggested that the KOMEN scheme(wind input exponential growth and whitecapping energy dissipation) and the JONSWAP scheme(dissipation of bottom friction) resulted in good reproduction of the significant wave height of typhoon waves. A preliminary analysis of the wave characteristics in terms of wind-sea and swell wave revealed that swell waves dominated with the distance of R to the eye of the typhoon, while wind-sea prevailed in the outer region up to six to eight times the R values despite a clear misalignment between wind and waves. The results support the hypothesis that nonlinear wave-wave interactions may play a key role in the formation of wave characteristics. 相似文献
13.
This paper presents a study on drag coefficients under typhoon wind forcing based on observations and numerical experiments. The friction velocity and wind speed are measured at a marine observation platform in the South China Sea. Three typhoons: SOULIK(2013), TRAMI(2013) and FITOW(2013) are observed at a buoy station in the northeast sea area of Pingtan Island. A new parameterization is formulated for the wind drag coefficient as a function of wind speed. It is found that the drag coefficient(Cd) increases linearly with the slope of 0.083′10~(-3) for wind speed less than 24 m s~(-1). To investigate the drag coefficient under higher wind conditions, three numerical experiments are implemented for these three typhoons using SWAN wave model. The wind input data are objective reanalysis datasets, which are assimilated with many sources and provided every six hours with the resolution of 0.125?×0.125?. The numerical simulation results show a good agreement with wave observation data under typhoon wind forcing. The results indicate that the drag coefficient levels off with the linear slope of 0.012′10~(-3) for higher wind speeds(less than 34 m s~(-1)) and the new parameterization improvese the simulation accuracy compared with the Wu(1982) default used in SWAN. 相似文献
14.
《中国海洋湖沼学报》2019,(6)
When investigating the long-term variation of wave characteristics as associated with storm surges in the Bohai Sea, the Simulating Waves Nearshore(SWAN) model and ADvanced CIRCulation(ADCIRC) model were coupled to simulate 32 storm surges between 1985 and 2014. This simulation was validated by reproducing three actual wave processes, showing that the simulated significant wave height(SWH) and mean wave period agreed well with the actual measurements. In addition, the long-term variations in SWH, patterns in SWH extremes along the Bohai Sea coast, the 100-year return period SWH extreme distribution, and waves conditional probability distribution were calculated and analyzed. We find that the trend of SWH extremes in most of the coastal stations was negative, among which the largest trend was-0.03 m/a in the western part of Liaodong Bay. From the 100-year return period of the SWH distribution calculated in the Gumbel method, we find that the SWH extremes associated with storm surges decreased gradually from the center of the Bohai Sea to the coast. In addition, the joint probability of wave and surge for the entire Bohai Sea in 100-year return period was determined by the Gumbel logistic method. We therefore, assuming a minimum surge of one meter across the entire Bohai Sea, obtained the spatial SWH distribution. The conclusions of this study are significant for offshore and coastal engineering design. 相似文献
15.
Wind and waves are key components of the climate system as they drive air-sea interactions and influence weather systems and atmospheric circulation. In marine environments, understanding surface wind and wave fields and their evolution over time is important for conducting safe and efficient human activities, such as navigation and engineering. This study considers long-term trends in the sea surface wind speed(WS) and significant wave height(SWH) in the China Seas over the period 1988–2011 using the Cross-Calibrated Multi-Platform(CCMP) ocean surface wind product and a 24-year hindcast wave dataset obtained from the WAVEWATCH-III(WW3) wave model forced with CCMP winds. The long-term trends in WS and SWH in the China Seas are analyzed over the past 24 years to provide a reference point from which to assess future climate change and offshore wind and wave energy resource development in the region. Results demonstrate that over the period 1988–2011 in the China Seas: 1) WS and SWH showed a significant increasing trend of 3.38 cm s~(-1)yr~(-1) and 1.52 cm yr~(-1), respectively; 2) there were notable regional differences in the long-term trends of WS and SWH; 3) areas with strong increasing trends were located mainly in the middle of the Tsushima Strait, the northern and southern areas of the Taiwan Strait, and in nearshore regions of the northern South China Sea; and 4) the long-term trend in WS was closely associated with El Ni?o and a significant increase in the occurrence of gale force winds in the region. 相似文献
16.
SHAO Weizeng YU Wupeng JIANG Xingwei SHI Jian WEI Yongliang JI Qiyan 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2022,21(1):15-27
In this work, we examined long-term wave distributions using a third-generation numerical wave model called WAVE- WATCH-Ⅲ(WW3) (version 6.07). We also evaluated the influence of sea ice on wave simulation by using eight parametric switches. To select a suitable ice-wave parameterization, we validated the simulations from the WW3 model in March, May, September, and December 2017 against the measurements from the Jason-2 altimeter at latitudes of up to 60?N. Generally, all parameterizations ex-hibited slight differences, i.e., about 0.6 m root mean square error (RMSE) of significant wave height (SWH) in May and September and about 0.9 m RMSE for the freezing months of March and December. The comparison of the results with the SWH from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts for December 2017 indicated that switch IC4_M1 performed most effec-tively (0.68 m RMSE) at high latitudes (60?– 80?N). Given this finding, we analyzed the long-term wave distributions in 1999 – 2018 on the basis of switch IC4_M1. Although the seasonal variability of the simulated SWH was of two types, i.e., 'U' and 'sin' modes, our results proved that fetch expansion prompted the wave growth. Moreover, the interannual variability of the specific regions in the 'U' mode was found to be correlated with the decade variability of wind in the Arctic Ocean. 相似文献
17.
The validation and assessment of Envisat advanced synthetic aperture radar (ASAR) ocean wave spectra products are important to their application in ocean wave numerical predictions. Six-year ASAR wave spectra data are compared with one-dimensional (1D) wave spectra of 55 co-located moored buoy observations in the northern Pacific Ocean. The ASAR wave spectra data are firstly quality control filtered and spatio-temporal matched with buoy data. The comparisons are then performed in terms of 1D wave spectra, significant wave height (SWH) and mean wave period (MWP) in different spatio-temporal offsets respectively. SWH comparison results show the evident dependence of SWH biases on wind speed and the ASAR SWH saturation effect. The ASAR wave spectra tend to underestimate SWH at high wind speeds and overestimate SWH at low wind speeds. MWP comparison results show that MWP has a systematic bias and therefore it should be bias-modified before used. The comparisons of 1D wave spectra show that both wave spectra agree better at low frequencies than at high frequencies, which indicates the ASAR data cannot resolve the high frequency waves. 相似文献
18.
The current storm wave hazard assessment tends to rely on a statistical method using wave models and fewer historical data which do not consider the effects of tidal and storm surge.In this paper,the wave-current coupled model ADCIRC+SWAN was used to hindcast storm events in the last 30 years.We simulated storm wave on the basis of a large set of historical storms in the North-West Pacific Basin between 1985 and 2015 in Houshui Bay using the wave-current coupled model ADCIRC+SWAN to obtain the storm wave level maps.The results were used for the statistical analysis of the maximum significant wave heights in Houshui Bay and the behavior of wave associated with storm track.Comparisons made between observations and simulated results during typhoon Rammasun(2014)indicate agreement.In addition,results demonstrate that significant wave height in Houshui Bay is dominated by the storm wind velocity and the storm track.Two groups of synthetic storm tracks were designed to further investigate the worst case of typhoon scenarios.The storm wave analysis method developed for the Houshui Bay is significant in assisting government's decision-making in rational planning of deep sea net-cage culture.The method can be applied to other bays in the Hainan Island as well. 相似文献
19.
Xudong Zhang Jie Zhang Chenqing Fan Junmin Meng Jing Wang Yong Wan 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2018,17(3):487-497
The 21st century Maritime Silk Road(MSR) proposed by China strongly promotes the maritime industry. In this paper, we use wind and ocean wave datasets from 1979 to 2014 to analyze the spatial and temporal distributions of the wind speed, significant wave height(SWH), mean wave direction(MWD), and mean wave period(MWP) in the MSR. The analysis results indicate that the Luzon Strait and Gulf of Aden have the most obvious seasonal variations and that the central Indian Ocean is relatively stable. We analyzed the distributions of the maximum wind speed and SWH in the MSR over this 36-year period. The results show that the distribution of the monthly average frequency for SWH exceeds 4 m(huge waves) and that of the corresponding wind speed exceeds 13.9 ms~(-1)(high wind speed). The occurrence frequencies of huge waves and high winds in regions east of the Gulf of Aden are as high as 56% and 80%, respectively. We also assessed the wave and wind energies in different seasons. Based on our analyses, we propose a risk factor(RF) for determining navigation safety levels, based on the wind speed and SWH. We determine the spatial and temporal RF distributions for different seasons and analyze the corresponding impact on four major sea routes. Finally, we determine the spatial distribution of tropical cyclones from 2000 to 2015 and analyze the corresponding impact on the four sea routes. The analysis of the dynamic characteristics of the MSR provides references for ship navigation as well as ocean engineering. 相似文献
20.
《中国海洋湖沼学报》2019,(6)
The effect of the drag coefficient on a typhoon wave model is investigated. Drag coefficients for Pingtan Island are derived from the progress of nine typhoons using COARE 3.0 software. The wind parameters are obtained using the Weather Research and Forecasting model. The simulation of wind agrees well with observations. Typhoon wave fields are then simulated using the third-generation wave model SWAN. The wave model includes exponential and linear growths of the wind input, which determine the wave-growth mode. A triple triangular mesh is adopted with spatial resolution as fine as 100 m nearshore. The SWAN model performs better when using the new drag coefficient rather than the original coefficient. 相似文献