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1.
Chitosan derived from crab shells,was used to prepare the graft polymer in aqueous solution with acrylamide (AM) and methacrylatoethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC) as raw materials and ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) as initiator.The floc-culation ability of the resulting polymer (PCAD) was studied in waste water treatment experiments.Its properties were determined on the basis of the transmittance of waste water after flocculation.The effects of chitosan and DMC content on PCAD’s flocculation ability wer... 相似文献
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针对大庆油田N5区西部P1试验区块聚合物驱后含水率上升速度加快,产油量降低,且尚存大量剩余油的现状,提出进一步提高聚合物驱后剩余油的凝胶与二元复合体系段塞式交替注入驱油技术,通过实验分析铬离子凝胶体系黏度的影响因素,研究聚合物驱后凝胶体系与二元复合体系(相对分子质量为2 500万的聚合物和RMA-1型表面活性剂)段塞式交替注入驱油的效果;通过数值模拟分析聚合物驱后凝胶与二元复合体系段塞式交替注入驱油的可行性.结果表明:凝胶与二元体系段塞式交替注入驱油阶段采收率在聚合物驱基础上提高10%以上,说明该技术可以作为聚合物驱后进一步提高原油采收率的技术储备. 相似文献
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考虑海上稠油油藏严重非均质性和海上平台寿命短、大井距开采的情况,也为解决疏水缔合聚合物在长时间高温、高盐度和高剪切条件下分子间疏水缔合比例降低问题,选择疏水性交联聚合物微球与疏水缔合聚合物进行复合.通过黏浓性质、抗剪切性能、填砂管封堵实验和人造岩心驱油实验,发现复合体系中微球能够与聚合物发生疏水缔合作用,改善聚合物在高温下的流变性能和抗剪切性能;且复合体系兼具交联聚合物微球的深部调剖和聚合物的增黏驱油性能,封堵性能和驱油效果均优于单纯聚合物驱.由于微球和AP-P4之间的疏水缔合作用使两者具有较好的复合效果,为改善聚合物驱提供新方法,为研究微观机理和指导聚合物驱奠定基础. 相似文献
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坡缕石/聚合物纳米复合材料的研究进展 总被引：14，自引：1，他引：13
坡缕石是一种层链状硅酸盐矿物。具有独特的纳米棒晶结构。是一种很有潜力的一维纳米增强材料。综述了坡缕石／聚合物纳米复合材料的研究进展，所涉及的聚合物包括丁苯橡胶、丁腈橡胶、聚乙烯、聚氯乙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚丙烯、环氧树脂、双马来酰亚胺树脂(BMI)和聚酰胺等。制备方法包括机械共混法、乳液共混共凝法、溶液共混法、熔融复合法和原位聚合法。研究表明。坡缕石纳米棒晶的分散在制备纳米复合材料的过程中非常重要，而超声波分散是目前最经济有效的方法。还简要论述了对甘肃某地坡缕石提纯并应用于丁腈橡胶制备纳米复合材料的研究。最后展望了坡缕石／聚合物纳米复合材料的应用前景。并对以后需要深入研究的方向进行了分析。 相似文献
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应用传统的对流扩散方程模拟聚驱后示踪剂产出曲线存在不适应性,将产生质量不守恒或模拟不出实际产出曲线问题.根据连续时间随机游走(CTRW)理论,利用CTRW模型对含聚合物的示踪剂测试实验的产出曲线进行模拟.结果表明:CTRW模型模拟的示踪剂产出曲线克服了基于传统的对流扩散方程模拟示踪剂产出曲线时所遇到的问题;CTRW模型对于模拟聚驱后示踪剂产出曲线具有良好的适应性,比传统的对流扩散方程模拟范围广. 相似文献
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Molecularly imprinted polymers(MIPs) were prepared by the bulk polymerization using crystal violet as the template molecule, and the methacrylic acid and ethylene glycol dimetheacrylate as functional monomer and cross-linker, respectively. Systematic investigations of synthetic conditions were conducted. The surface morphology and recognition mechanism of the obtained polymers were studied using scanning electron microscope and spectrophotometric analysis. MIPs showed high affinity to template molecule and were successfully applied as special solid-phase extraction sorbent for selective extraction of crystal violet from natural seawater. An off-line molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction(MISPE) method followed by high-performance liquid chromatography with diodearray detection for the analysis of crystal violet was also established. MISPE columns have good recoveries for crystal violet standard solutions and good linearity was obtained over the concentration range of 0-200 μg L-1(R2 0.99). Finally, two natural seawater samples were investigated. The recoveries of spiked seawater on the MISPE columns were from 44.47% to 62.34%, the relative standard deviation(n=3) being in the range of 2.89%-5.96%. 相似文献
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纳微米聚合物微球的水化膨胀封堵性能 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为改善聚合物微球的深度调剖效果,利用蒸馏沉淀聚合法制备纳微米聚合物微球,并利用激光粒度分析仪、微孔滤膜装置和驱替装置对纳微米聚合物微球的粒径、水化膨胀能力和变形封堵能力进行测试分析.结果表明:纳微米聚合物微球为较规则均匀的球形,粒径分布集中,具有良好的水化膨胀性能;随着盐矿化度增大,纳微米聚合物微球膨胀性能变差;随着温度升高,微球的膨胀性能变强;在氯化钙和氯化镁水型中,微球膨胀性能变差;在酸性和碱性环境中,微球膨胀性能变差;随着水化时间增长,微球的封堵性能和变形能力逐渐增强,对孔道产生有效封堵的同时又能变形通过孔道,在渗透率较低的岩心中具有更好的深度调剖效果. 相似文献
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《青岛海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,(2):236-242
Molecularly imprinted polymers （MIPs） were prepared by the bulk polymerization using crystal violet as the template molecule, and the methacrylic acid and ethylene glycol dimetheacrylate as functional monomer and cross-linker, respectively. Sys- tematic investigations of synthetic conditions were conducted. The surface morphology and recognition mechanism of the obtained polymers were studied using scanning electron microscope and spectrophotometric analysis. MIPs showed high atTmity to template molecule and were successfully applied as special solid-phase extraction sorbent for selective extraction of crystal violet from natural seawater. An off-line molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction （MISPE） method followed by high-performance liquid chroma- tography with diodearray detection for the analysis of crystal violet was also established. MISPE columns have good recoveries for crystal violet standard solutions and good linearity was obtained over the concentration range of 0-200 ~tg L-1 （R2 〉 0.99）. Finally, two natural seawater samples were investigated. The recoveries of spiked seawater on the MISPE columns were from 44.47% to 62.34%, the relative standard deviation （n=3） being in the range of 2.89%-5.96%. 相似文献
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作者以丙烯酰胺泥浆为例，阐述了聚合物泥浆的井壁防塌机理；对聚合物泥浆井壁防塌效果进行了实验与分析记述，指明了聚合物泥浆井壁防塌的现场处理方法。认为聚合物泥浆有较好的井壁防塌和维护井壁稳定的效果；指出跟聚合物泥浆与CaCl2，KCl，NaCl等无机盐类相结合使用是防止井壁塌坍的良方；使用聚合物泥浆不仅是促进钻井工艺技术进步，且提高了钻井效益。 相似文献
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HPAM和疏水缔合聚合物溶液在孤东七区油藏中适应性评价 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
为了解决孤东七区油藏聚合物溶液流变性与注入性的矛盾,筛选适宜非均质强、储层结构疏松等油藏条件的聚合物,在不同长度岩心中开展聚合物溶液渗流实验.在同一岩心上分段测压,建立聚合物溶液注入性评价方法,对HPAM和疏水缔合聚合物的注入性进行评价;在不同长度岩心出口端取采出液,研究该聚合物溶液在近井和油藏深部阻力因数、残余阻力因数以及黏度分布特性.结果表明:注入HJ的压力梯度上升率为16.37MPa.m-1.PV-1,压力梯度稳定值为5.68MPa.m-1,压力梯度上升率和压力梯度稳定值小于相同质量浓度的DH5和B4的值;从提高波及效率的能力和聚合物溶液的流变性来看,疏水缔合聚合物DH5在油藏深部的阻力因数、残余阻力因数和黏度保留率分别为283.86、39.4和0.713,阻力因数、残余阻力因数远大于相同质量浓度的B4和HJ的值;综合注入性和流变性分布评价可知,1.8g.L-1的HJ好于相同质量浓度的DH5和B4的. 相似文献
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Drilling fluid additives has a major impact on rheology behavior and other performances of the drilling fluid. The key to low temperature drilling fluids is choosing antifreeze and polymer agent which have a strong ability in resisting low temperature. On the basis of determining glycol as antifreeze agent, the low-temperature-performance and capacities of anti-collapse of regular validity mud agents have been studied, the mechanism of anti-caving of the partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (PHPA), polypropylene potassium (KPA) and PAC-141 polymer additives have been also analyzed. A pilot study of compatibility between ethylene glycol and the polymers has educed that the polymers, ethylene glycol and inorganic salt are compatible, and they can significantly reduce the freezing point of drilling fluid. Anti-collapse ability of the drilling mud is the results of synergistic action among the agents. 相似文献
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针对在渗流过程中聚合物溶液机械降解问题,提出计算聚驱过程中聚合物相对分子质量模型,引入降解因子概念,给出计算渗流过程中聚合物相对分子质量数学模型及其模型验证.结果表明,新模型的计算结果与实验数据的计算结果吻合程度很高;共选取9组实验数据进行对比计算,其中7组实验数据所计算的结果与用新模型计算的结果之间的误差小于5%.聚合物分子的降解程度与降解因子之间有密切联系,即随降解因子的增加,聚合物分子降解程度也不断增加;降解程度呈现先迅速增加后趋于平缓的现象,渗流过程中相对分子质量呈现前期迅速下降后期趋于稳定的规律.新模型可准确描述渗流过程中聚合物相对分子质量变化过程. 相似文献
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ZHAN Jiajia XU Huiwen CAI Hongliang .College of Construction Engineering Jilin University Changchun China .China Water Northeastern Investigation Design Research Co.Ltd Changchun China 《东北亚地学研究》2009,12(1):32-35
Drilling fluid additives has a major impact on rheology behavior and other performances of the drilling fluid. The key to low temperature drilling fluids is choosing antifreeze and polymer agent which have a strong ability in resisting low temperature. On the basis of determining glycol as antifreeze agent, the low-temperatureperformance and capacities of anti-collapse of regular validity mud agents have been studied, the mechanism of anti-caving of the partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide （PHPA）, polypropylene potassium （KPA） and PAC-141 polymer additives have been also analyzed. A pilot study of compatibility between ethylene glycol and the polymers has educed that the polymers, ethylene glycol and inorganic salt are compatible, and they can significantly reduce the freezing point of drilling fluid. Anti-collapse ability of the drilling mud is the results of synergistic action among the agents. 相似文献
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基于大庆油田三元复合驱采出污水回注对地层存在的损害现象,研究了污水回注渗透率的影响因素。采用室内水驱实验方法,对三元复合驱采出污水中悬浮物、油、碱、聚合物等因素进行了分析,阐述了各种成分对渗透率的影响机理。结果表明,悬浮物颗粒会堵塞孔隙喉道,油产生的"贾敏效应"将增大油水流动阻力,碱与岩石及黏土矿物间的物理化学作用会使地层结垢,聚合物在岩芯中的吸附和滞留共同造成地层渗透率的下降。因此,建议将三元复合驱采出污水中悬浮物、油、碱、聚合物等处理合格后再进行回注,以减轻对地层的损害。 相似文献
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化学驱数值模拟技术 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
随着化学驱技术在油田矿场的推广应用,现有软件的化学驱模拟功能越来越难以满足油田实际需求.通过调研化学驱数值模拟技术,阐述油藏数值模拟技术的发展现状,并将CMG、ECLIPSE、UTCHEM等8种软件分为综合型软件化学驱模块和单一化学驱软件两类,分析各软件的优缺点,对比各软件的综合性能及化学驱功能,指出化学驱数值模拟软件技术存在的主要问题及发展方向.现有软件在增强前后处理功能的同时,还需进行核心的完善.化学驱软件考虑众多物理化学因素,导致求解困难,需要在数值模拟的稳定性和机理描述的合理性之间进行适当取舍.虽然国产数值模拟软件在整体性能上弱于国外商业化软件,但是在化学驱数学模型和机理描述上具备较大优势. 相似文献
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为了改善海上油田深部调驱效果,研制一种易于配制、施工简便的由聚合物FP、交联剂和助剂组成的冻胶体系.基于合适的成冻时间和成冻强度,优选适合该油藏条件的冻胶调驱体系配方,即聚合物FP(1 500～2 000mg.L-1)+交联剂(750～1 250mg.L-1)+助剂(1 000～1 500mg.L-1).利用三层非均质岩心进行调驱体系用量和调驱时机对调驱效果影响的评价,优化调驱体系的注入用量和注入时机参数.结果表明:当水驱至目标油藏含水率70%时,随着注入调驱体系用量的增加,采收率增加值越高;基于采出程度和经济效益双重考虑,优选调驱体系的用量为0.2PV;当注入用量为0.2PV调驱体系,油藏综合含水率低于50%条件下,早期注入调驱体系进行深部调驱,采收率增加值高,能够达到很好的调驱效果. 相似文献
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正Rapid changes of Arctic sea ice cover have been in the focus of the international climate research community in recent years.Quite a few of nations have completed a large number of related surveys and research projects in the Arctic Ocean.Up to now,China has performed six research cruises to the Arctic Ocean resulting in a significant volume of research output.Improved knowledge on the atmospheree-sea ice-ocean interactions in the Arctic is a 相似文献
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