共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
锦绣龙虾消化系统的解剖学及组织学研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
锦绣龙虾的消化系统由消化管和消化腺组成,消化管包括口、食道、胃、中肠和后肠。胃分为贲门胃和幽门胃,中肠较长,占消化管总长度的74.18%。消化管的基本结构由内向外可分为4层,即黏膜层、黏膜下层、肌肉层和外膜。黏膜层主要由单层柱状上皮和基膜构成,除中肠外其余消化管管壁上皮均覆盖有几丁质膜,黏膜下层和外膜均为结缔组织层,消化道的结缔组织中分布有皮肤腺。消化腺主要是肝胰腺,由肝小管组成,根据其形态和功能的不同,可把构成肝小管的单层细胞分为四类:分泌细胞、吸收细胞、纤维细胞和胚细胞。 相似文献
2.
对珠母小核果螺 [Drupella margariticola （Broderip）] 的外部形态和内部结构进行系统观察.结果表明：珠母小核果螺壳高12.92 - 31.74 mm,平均26.17±4.31 mm,壳宽8.10 - 18.46 mm,平均15.34±2.48 mm,螺体质量0.36- 5.30 g,平均2.99±1.14 g;消化系统由口、吻、嗉囊、食道、胃、肠、直肠及肛门等消化道,以及唾液腺、食道腺和肝脏等消化腺组成;成螺肉食性,摄食时将吻伸出,吻管内有齿舌,齿舌上有齿3 列,每列有齿3 枚,对称排列,齿式1.1.1,齿舌在齿舌软骨表面产生运动,切刮食物;雌雄异体,外形上难以区别,雄性生殖系统由精巢、前列腺、储精囊、输精管和阴茎组成,雌性生殖系统由卵巢、输卵管、蛋白腺、缠卵腺、交接囊和阴道组成. 相似文献
3.
湛江地区光裸星虫的生殖细胞发育和生殖周期 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用活体观察和常规石蜡切片技术对湛江地区光裸星虫生殖周期、生殖细胞的发育及形态结构进行研究。结果表明:星虫雌雄异体,无肉眼可见生殖腺结构,原生殖细胞在体腔液中发育;雌性生殖细胞根据其卵膜的形成和卵黄积累情况可以分为4个发育阶段,小生长期、大生长期、成熟前期和成熟期;雄性生殖细胞也分为增殖期、生长期、成熟期和变态期4个阶段;成熟的生殖细胞经肾管排出体外。生殖季节为5~9月,其中7~8月为高峰期。 相似文献
4.
《广东海洋大学学报》2016,(1)
测定广东湛江、广西北海、福建漳州等地4个主产区的光裸星虫(Sipunculus nudus)的主要营养成分,分析光裸星虫群体间营养差异。结果表明,光裸星虫体壁的水分的平均质量分数为(79.39±1.81)%,体壁干品中粗蛋白、粗脂肪和灰分的平均质量分数分别为、(80.54±3.11)%、(1.45±0.27)%和(9.75±2.14)%。体壁干品中共检测到16种氨基酸,氨基酸总量(TAA)、必需氨基酸(EAA)、呈味氨基酸(DAA)的平均质量分数分别为(63.91±1.78)%、(21.76±0.63)%、(32.23±0.64)%;含量最高的5种氨基酸中,4种为呈味氨基酸,其中谷氨酸质量分数9.51±0.26%为最高,天冬氨酸(6.58±0.22)%为其次。光裸星虫的第一限制氨基酸和第二限制氨基酸分别是蛋氨酸和缬氨酸。4个群体的水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分、氨基酸总量(TAA)、呈味氨基酸质量分数(DAA)等营养指标差异具统计学意义(P0.05),必需氨基酸质量分数(EAA)、EAA/TAA、DAA/TAA、非必需氨基酸质量分数(NEAA)、EAA/NEAA等指标差异不具统计学意义(P0.05)。光裸星虫是一种优质的高蛋白、低脂肪、味道鲜美、营养丰富的海产品。 相似文献
5.
湛江地区光裸星虫的生殖细胞发育和生殖周期 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用活体观察和常规石蜡切片技术对湛江地区光裸星虫生殖周期、生殖细胞的发育及形态结构进行研究。结果表明：星虫雌雄异体，无肉眼可见生殖腺结构，原生殖细胞在体腔液中发育；雌性生殖细胞根据其卵膜的形成和卵黄积累情况可以分为4个发育阶段，小生长期、大生长期、成熟前期和成熟期；雄性生殖细胞也分为增殖期、生长期、成熟期和变态期4个阶段；成熟的生殖细胞经肾管排出体外。生殖季节为5～9月，其中7～8月为高峰期。 相似文献
6.
采用聚丙烯酰胺梯度凝胶垂直平板电泳对湛江地区的光裸星虫(Sipunculus nudus)3种组织(肠组织、体腔液和体壁肌肉)12种同工酶(SOD、EST、MDH、LDH、ALP、AMY、ME、ACP、G6PDH、SDH、ADH、GPI)进行检测分析。结果表明:检测的12种同工酶中的7种酶(SOD、EST、MDH、LDH、ALP、AMY、ME)具有明显的组织特异性;GPI在组织中表达不稳定,未检测到其他4种同工酶(ACP、G6PDH、SDH、ADH)的活性;光裸星虫酶谱带数目少,酶谱构型单一。并说明了对其种群内遗传生化特性进行系统研究的必要性。 相似文献
7.
【目的】探究不同碳水化合物与蛋白质水平配合饲料对光裸星虫(Sipunculus nudus)稚虫生长及体壁营养成分的影响。【方法】以碳水化合物/蛋白质质量分数分别为39.46%/20.67%(EG1组)、34.97%/24.02%(EG2组)、30.48%/27.37%(EG3组)、25.99%/30.72%(EG4组)和21.50%/34.07%(EG5组)的饲料,饲喂体质量为(2.45±0.40)g的光裸星虫稚虫12周,测定稚虫的生长指标及体壁一般营养成分及氨基酸组成。【结果】随着碳水化合物水平降低、蛋白质水平升高,各饲料组光裸星虫的增重率和特定生长率均呈先升后降的趋势,其中EG2组的增重率和特定生长率显著性高于其余4组(P<0.05);EG2组的存活率显著高于EG3组、EG5组(P<0.05),但与EG1组、EG4组差异不显著(P>0.05);不同碳水化合物蛋白质水平饲料会影响光裸星虫稚虫体壁的水分及其干物质的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分、蛋氨酸、异亮氨酸、缬氨酸、亮氨酸、丙氨酸、天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、酪氨酸和精氨酸的含量(P<0.05),而各组的其他氨基酸含量、必需氨基酸总量、呈味氨基酸总量、氨基酸总量则差异不显著(P>0.05)。【结论】当饲料碳水化合物/蛋白质质量分数为34.97%/24.02%时,光裸星虫增重率和特定生长率最高,且不会影响其体壁的氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸和呈味氨基酸含量。 相似文献
8.
采用实验生态学方法,比较了温度和体质量对光裸星虫排氨率和耗氧率的影响,按光裸星虫湿体质量设立了大规格(L组)、中规格(M组)和小规格(S组)3组,设立10℃、15℃、20℃、25℃和30℃共5个温度梯度。结果表明:(1)在15℃～25℃,3种规格的星虫的耗氧率都随温度的升高而增加,当温度升至30℃时,S组的耗氧率继续随温度的升高而增加,而L组和M组的耗氧率则出现下降的趋势。在相同温度条件下(10℃除外),3种规格的星虫耗氧率比较为:S组>L组>M组,在10℃条件下各组间的耗氧率无显著性差异(p>0.05),在温度15℃～30℃各组间的耗氧率存在显著性差异(p<0.05)。(2)在温度10℃～30℃,三种规格的星虫的排氨率都随着温度的升高而增加。在相同的温度条件下,3种规格的星虫排氨率比较为:S组>L组>M组,在10℃条件下,各组间的排氨率无显著性差异(p>0.05),在15℃～30℃时,各组间的排氨率存在显著性差异(p<0.05)。(3)方差分析结果表明,温度,体质量以及相互作用均对耗氧率和排氨率存在显著性影响(p<0.05)。 相似文献
9.
【目的】筛选光裸星虫体壁、肠道、肾管、吻、收吻肌以及体腔液细胞中稳定表达的内参基因。【方法】应用荧光定量PCR技术,对GAPDH、β-actin、TUB、TBP以及UBC等常用内参基因的表达情况进行分析,通过ge Norm、Norm Finder、Best Keeper以及在线内参筛选工具Ref Finder对8个内参基因表达稳定性进行评测。【结果】8个内参基因均可获得特异性扩增产物,但稳定性各异。通过累计积分法综合了4个软件给出的稳定性排序结果,候选内参基因表达稳定性综合排名为TBP(1)TBP(2)UBCGAPDHTUB(2)TUB(1)β-actin(2)β-actin(1)。【结论】TBP(1)在光裸星虫全组织中的表达最稳定,可作为最适单内参基因。 相似文献
10.
【目的】探究方格星虫(Sipunculus nudus)脂肪酸组成特征,分析其食物组成。【方法】气相色谱-质谱联用法测定方格星虫4个地理群体(福建漳州海澄镇、广东湛江东海岛和遂溪草潭镇、广西北海沙虫寮村)体壁肌肉的脂肪酸含量,脂肪酸标记法分析其食物组成。【结果】4个地理群体方格星虫共检出30种脂肪酸。方格星虫饱和脂肪酸总含量(ΣSFA)和多不饱和脂肪酸总含量(ΣPUFA)较高,ΣSFA主要由C14:0、C16:0和C18:0所组成,ΣPUFA以EPA、DHA、C18:2n6和C20:4n6为主要成分;单不饱和脂肪酸总含量(ΣMUFA)较低,其中C18:1n9和C17:1n7贡献最大。方格星虫体壁脂肪酸呈现出多种饵料生物的脂肪酸标记物特征。【结论】方格星虫体壁脂肪酸种类丰富,不同地理群体间脂肪酸组成和相对含量存在明显差异。 相似文献
11.
Histological Study on the Digestive System Development of Takifugu rubripes Larvae and Juvenile 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The digestive tract of Takifugu rubripes during early life stages was studied with light microscopy. At the beginning of hatching, the digestive tract is represented by a simple and undifferentiated straight tube and does not communicate with the exterior, as the mouth and anus are not open yet. At 2 d after hatching, a constriction between intestine and rectum that will become the intestino-rectal valve is visible. During the endogenous feeding phase, the yolk sac is resorbed and the digestive tract becomes functional and differentiated. The liver and pancreas also become apparent at this time. At onset of exogenous feeding （3 d after hatching）, yolk sac resesves are not completely depleted, suggesting a period of mixed nutrition. The digestive tract differentiates fully into b.uccopharynx, esophagus, stomach, intestine and rectum. At 9 d after hatching, the yolk sac reserves are completely depleted. The most noticeable events occurring from 5 to 17 d after hatching are the transformation of the epithelia type, the differentiation of the pneumatic sac, the epithelial cell, gut convolution, mucosal fold increase, and the growth of liver and pancreas. From 18 to 27 d after hatching, the numbers of intestine folds and mucus cells increase progressively. From then on, morphological changes of digestive features are almost completed. At 27 d after hatching, the morphology and function of digestive system are similar to that of the adult. 相似文献
12.
We investigated the distribution of four enzymes involved in the immune response of Apostichopus japonicus. We collected samples of the tentacles, papillate podium, integument, respiratory tree, and digestive tract and stained them for acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), non-specific esterase (NSE) and peroxidase (POD) activity. The distribution and content of ACP, AKP, NSE, and POD differed among the tissues. The coelomic epithelium of the tentacle, papillate podium, and integument and the mucous layer of respiratory tree were positive for ACP activity. The coelomic epithelium and cuticular layer of the tentacle, papillate podium, and integument and the mucous layer and tunica externa of the respiratory tree and digestive tract stained positive or weakly positive for AKP activity. Almost all the epithelial tissues stained positive, strongly positive, or very strongly positive for NSE activity. The cuticular layer of the tentacle and integument and the mucous layer, tunica submucosa, and tunica externa of the respiratory tree and digestive tract stained positive for POD activity. We hypothesize that these enzymes play a role in the immune response in A. japonicus. 相似文献
13.
Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.), a carnivorous fish species with high dietary protein requirement, was chosen to examine the expression pattern of peptide and amino acid transporter genes along its digestive tract which was divided into six segments including stomach, pyloric caeca, rectum, and three equal parts of the remainder of the intestine. The results showed that the expression of two peptide and eleven amino acid transporters genes exhibited distinct patterns. Peptide transporter 1 (PepT1) was rich in proximal intestine while peptide transporter 2 (PepT2) was abundant in distal intestine. A number of neutral and cationic amino acid transporters expressed richly in whole intestine including B0-type amino acid transporter 1 (B0AT1), L-type amino acid transporter 2 (LAT2), T-type amino acid transporter 1 (TAT1), proton-coupled amino acid transporter 1 (PAT1), y+L-type amino acid transporter 1 (y+LAT1), and cationic amino acid transporter 2 (CAT2) while ASC amino acid transporter 2 (ASCT2), sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 2 (SNAT2), and y+L-type amino acid transporter 2 (y+LAT2) abundantly expressed in stomach. In addition, system b0,+ transporters (rBAT and b0,+AT) existed richly in distal intestine. These findings comprehensively characterized the distribution of solute carrier family proteins, which revealed the relative importance of peptide and amino acid absorption through luminal membrane. Our findings are helpful to understand the mechanism of the utilization of dietary protein in fish with a short digestive tract. 相似文献
14.
《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2016,(2)
Turbot(Scophthalmus maximus L.),a carnivorous fish species with high dietary protein requirement,was chosen to examine the expression pattern of peptide and amino acid transporter genes along its digestive tract which was divided into six segments including stomach,pyloric caeca,rectum,and three equal parts of the remainder of the intestine.The results showed that the expression of two peptide and eleven amino acid transporters genes exhibited distinct patterns.Peptide transporter 1(Pep T1) was rich in proximal intestine while peptide transporter 2(PepT2) was abundant in distal intestine.A number of neutral and cationic amino acid transporters expressed richly in whole intestine including B~0-type amino acid transporter 1(B~0AT1),L-type amino acid transporter 2(LAT2),T-type amino acid transporter 1(TAT1),proton-coupled amino acid transporter 1(PAT1),y~+L-type amino acid transporter 1(y~+LAT1),and cationic amino acid transporter 2(CAT2) while ASC amino acid transporter 2(ASCT2),sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 2(SNAT2),and y~+L-type amino acid transporter 2(y~+LAT2) abundantly expressed in stomach.In addition,system b~(0,+) transporters(rBAT and b~(0,+)AT) existed richly in distal intestine.These findings comprehensively characterized the distribution of solute carrier family proteins,which revealed the relative importance of peptide and amino acid absorption through luminal membrane.Our findings are helpful to understand the mechanism of the utilization of dietary protein in fish with a short digestive tract. 相似文献
15.
The protease activity in digestive tract of young turbot Scophthalmus maximum was studied, and the optimal pH, temperature and NaCl concentration were determined for different portions of the fish＇s internal organs. The optimal activity in the fish＇s stomach was at pH of 2.2, while that in the intestinal extracts was within the alkaline range from 9.5 to 10.0. In hepatopancreas, the optimal pH was in low alkalinity at 8.5. The optimal reaction temperature was above 40℃ in stomach, intestine and hepatopancreas. With increasing temperature, the pH value increased in stomach, while in the intestine, an opposite tendency was observed due to combined effect of pH and temperature. NaCl concentration showed inhibitory impact on protein digestion in hepatopancreas. The main protease for protein digestion in turbot seemed to be pepsin. Moreover, the maximum protease activity in different segments of intestine existed in the hindgut. 相似文献
16.
Structure and function of the digestive system of a bivalve mollusc, Solen grandis, were studied using light microscopy and histochemical methods. The wall of digestive tube consists of four layers: the mucosal
epithelium, connective tissue, muscular and fibrosa or serosa (only in the portion of rectum) from the inner to the outer.
The ciliated columnar epithelial cells, dispersed by cup-shaped mucous cells, rest on a thin base membrane. There are abundant
blood spaces in connective tissue layer. The digestive diverticula are composed of multi-branched duct and digestive tubules.
The digestive tubules are lined with digestive and basophilic secretory cells, and surrounded by a layer of smooth muscle
fibers and connective tissues. Activities of acid and alkaline phosphatases, esterase and lipase are detected in the digestive
cells, and the epithelia of stomach and intestine, suggesting that these cells are capable of intracellular digesting of food
materials and absorbing. Besides, acid phosphatase and esterase activities are present in the posterior portion of esophagus.
Phagocytes are abundant in blood spaces and the lumens of stomach and intestine, containing brown granules derived from the
engulfed food materials. The present work indicates that phagocytes play important roles in ingestion and digestion of food
materials, which is supported as well by the activities of acid phosphatase, esterase and lipase detected in blood spaces. 相似文献
17.
REN Sulian 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2003,2(2)
Structure and function of the digestive system of a bivalve mollusc, Solen grandis, were studied using light microscopy and histochemical methods. The wall of digestive tube consists of four layers: the mucosal epithelium, connective tissue, muscular and fibrosa or serosa (only in the portion of rectum) from the inner to the outer. The ciliated columnar epithelial cells, dispersed by cup-shaped mucous cells, rest on a thin base membrane. There are abundant blood spaces in connective tissue layer. The digestive diverticula are composed of multi-branched duct and digestive tubules. The digestive tubules are lined with digestive and basophilic secretory cells, and surrounded by a layer of smooth muscle fibers and connective tissues. Activities of acid and alkaline phosphatases, esterase and lipase are detected in the digestive cells, and the epithelia of stomach and intestine, suggesting that these cells are capable of intracellular digesting of food materials and absorbing. Besides, acid phosphatase and e 相似文献
18.
Fucoxanthin is a xanthophyll-type carotenoid that provides many benefits to human health. However, the mechanism by which fucoxanthin interacts with microbes and inhibits pathogenic bacteria is unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of fucoxanthin isolated from the edible seaweed Undaria pinnatifida on pathogenic bacteria Escherichia coli and lactobacilli both in vitro and in vivo. Fucoxanthin strongly inhibited the growth of Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria but was less effective against Gram-negative bacteria. Fucoxanthin extracted from the crude mixture had a recovery rate of 93.38% and a purity of 82.70%, which were higher than those of fucoxanthin extracted using a previous method. Fucoxanthin also promoted the growth of intestinal microbes in mice. Fucoxanthinol, a metabolite of fucoxanthin, was generated in the culture media. Fucoxanthin can be deacetylated into fucoxanthinol not only by conventional digestive enzymes in the digestive tract, but also by E. coli and lactobacilli in the intestine. These results indicate that fucoxanthin interacts with and influences E. coli and lactobacilli in the intestine. Therefore, fucoxanthin isolated from Undaria pinnatifida possibly can be applied in human health maintenance. 相似文献