共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
已发现的恐龙化石大多数埋藏在不同深度的地层中,不同埋深化石所受风化破坏程度不尽相同。为深入研究恐龙化石的风化机理,探究恐龙化石的保护措施和方法,重点分析埋深产生的侧向压力对恐龙化石强度和破坏特性的影响。通过有限差分软件FLAC3D进行数值模拟,揭示埋深因素对恐龙化石保存的影响程度。试验结果表明:围岩对恐龙化石施加的侧向压力是影响恐龙化石变形和强度特性的一个重要因素。在弹性变形阶段,恐龙化石的初始强度、峰值强度随侧向压力的增大而不断增大。当应力超过了恐龙化石极限强度后进入塑性变形,其初始强度、峰值强度逐渐减小,最终达到残余强度。 相似文献
2.
3.
在理论分析的基础上,利用试验结果模拟分析单轴压力作用下含裂隙恐龙化石断裂损伤过程。在FLAC3D中采用FISH语言编写了基于体元分析的计算程序,采用弹脆性本构模型,分析了试验过程中恐龙化石的裂纹萌生→扩展→贯通规律和裂隙化石的断裂损伤机制。在单轴压缩作用下,含有裂隙的恐龙化石试件的破坏过程主要分三个阶段:即线性变形阶段、非线性变形阶段和软化阶段,当载荷超过应变峰值强度后,化石内部将生成大量新的诱导裂隙,导致化石内部结构发生剧烈变化。值得注意的是,恐龙化石峰后的强度软化过程非常不稳定,峰值附近的材料力学行为对化石试件内部缺陷的分布十分敏感。试验表明,有裂隙恐龙化石的抗压强度值比无裂隙恐龙化石的抗压强度值小30%,最终的残余抗压强度也略小,在加载应力作用下,相比不含内部裂隙的恐龙化石,内含裂隙的恐龙化石其内部裂隙会迅速大量扩展,加重了恐龙化石的风化程度和破坏速度。 相似文献
4.
5.
自发现了中生代白垩纪的恐龙化石标本以来,喀左县国土资源局十分重视化石标本的保护工作,与中国地质科学院地质研究所签订了《采掘恐龙化石协议书》,并着手挖掘恐龙化石标本。集中一个月的时间,把霸王龙的化石标本,基本挖掘到。同时,又发现另一个个体恐龙化石标本,经请示省、市化石管理部门的同意,先后对大城子镇的双庙村、马莲沟村,草场乡的满井村, 相似文献
6.
面临众多古生物化石遭受风化破坏的现实,恐龙化石保护是一项世界性难题。化石的风化原因多种多样,其中化石内部裂隙是导致恐龙化石风化、破坏的重要因素。该文以岩石断裂力学为理论依据,模拟分析内含裂隙的恐龙化石在压力作用下的破坏情况。通过数值模拟的方法,进行了内含裂隙恐龙化石数值压缩试验,并对内含裂隙的恐龙化石裂纹扩展机理进行了研究。研究结果表明,随着裂隙角度增大,开裂角逐渐减小,裂隙处特别是两端应力集中,其他部位应力较低、分布均匀;裂纹扩展是从裂纹尖端起裂,最终裂纹扩展到边缘。此研究结果为揭示恐龙化石风化机理和开展保护提供了基础参考资料。 相似文献
7.
由热应力引起的热破裂作用是造成恐龙化石破坏的一个重要因素。在太阳照射条件下,由于受热不均匀及日照的长久往复循环作用,使得化石表面发生热破裂作用,导致化石表面产生裂缝,加速了恐龙化石风化。采用模拟实验的方式,主要针对恐龙化石试件的物理力学受力变形特性进行研究。通过有限差分软件FLAC3D进行数值模拟,揭示日光辐射造成的恐龙化石温度差异分布对化石风化的影响。试验结果表明:恐龙化石不同部位的温度差异,是造成化石内部热应力分布不均匀的重要原因,热应力的不均匀性导致化石发生热破裂,加速了化石风化受损,因此化石保存要尽量放在恒温环境下,避免化石温度往复变化。 相似文献
8.
9.
《南方国土资源》2021,(9)
文章对2021年6月广西东兴市东兴镇在建高速铁路东兴市站(站前路)发现的恐龙化石产出层位、化石产地的古生物特征、古环境等进行了分析、研究,认为该化石产于侏罗系东兴组下段上部,化石散布于褐红色、紫红色厚层含钙粉砂质泥岩、含钙泥质粉砂岩、含钙质粉砂岩中,初步判断恐龙骨骼化石为经过移位或水流搬运后沉积形成的异地保存化石。综合区域地质特征,其地层时代为晚侏罗世,化石产出于炎热干燥的滨湖至滨岸环境。东兴恐龙化石是迄今为止我国境内发现位置最南的沿海沿边的恐龙骨骼化石,是我国为数不多的晚侏罗世恐龙化石发现点,其研究对区域地层划分对比、古生物群、沉积环境和古地理以及大地构造研究等具有重要意义,对研究恐龙一些类群的起源和演化具有关键作用,具有重要的科学研究、科普研学和旅游价值。 相似文献
10.
11.
12.
根据 2 0 0 1年 11至 2 0 0 2年 1月间北部湾海域秋、冬季 2个航次的底拖网渔业资源调查资料 ,对北部湾海域甲壳类的种类组成及分布进行研究。本次调查共渔获虾类 2 4种 ,隶属于 6科 11属 ;蟹类 30种 ,隶属 9科 19属 ;虾蛄 9种 ,隶属 2科 6属。各种类沿水深和地理分布有明显变化 ,主要集中分布于湾中部水深 2 1～ 80m海域。 相似文献
13.
Pak-TaoLeung CarlH.Gibson 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2004,22(1):1-23
Turbulence is defined as an eddy-like state of fluid motion where the inertial-vortex forces of the eddies are larger than any of the other forces that tend to damp the eddies out. Energy cascades of irrotational flows from large scales to small are non-turbulent, even if they supply energy to turbulence. Turbulent flows are rotational and cascade from small scales to large, with feedback. Viscous forces limit the smallest turbulent eddy size to the Kolmogorov scale. In stratified fluids, buoyancy forces limit large vertical overturns to the Ozmidov scale and convert the largest turbulent eddies into a unique class of saturated, non-propagating, internal waves, termed fossil-vorticity-turbulence. These waves have the same energy but different properties and spectral forms than the original turbulence patch. The Gibson (1980, 1986) theory of fossil turbulence applies universal similarity theories of turbulence and turbulent mixing to the vertical evolution of an isolated patch of turbulence in a stratified fluid as its growth is constrained and fossilized by buoyancy forces. Quantitative hydrodynamic-phase-diagrams (HPDs) from the theory are used to classify microstructure patches according to their hydrodynamic states. When analyzed in HPD space, previously published oceanic datasets showed their dominant microstructure patches are fossilized at large scales in all layers. Laboratory and field measurements suggested phytoplankton species with different swimming abilities adjust their growth strategies by pattern recognition of tur-bulence-fossil-turbulence dissipation and persistence times that predict survival-relevant surface layer sea changes. New data collected near a Honolulu waste-water outfall showed the small-to-large evolution of oceanic turbulence microstructure from active to fossil states, and revealed the ability of fossil-density-turbulence patches to absorb, and vertically radiate, internal wave energy, information, and enhanced turbulent-mixing-rates toward the sea surface so that the submerged waste-field could be detected from a space satellite (Bondur and Filatov, 2003). 相似文献
14.
Mollisols properties and changes in Ukraine and China 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
Soils are the foundation of civilizations and the basis for human food production.Mollisols in Ukraine and Northeast China are two out of the four major Mollisol regions in the world.The natural areas from which Mollisols developed are the prairies and steppes that experience temperate and freezing conditions.This review paper introduces the general climate,vegetation,and topography of Mollisols regions in Ukraine and Northeast China,analyzes their properties,including soil texture,soil organic matter content,soil bulk density,pH,cation exchange capacity and other chemical properties,and compares the property changes and management practices of Mollisols in relation to sustainable grain production. 相似文献
15.
Toxic cyanobacteria(TCB) are well-known worldwide for their adverse impacts on humans. Species compositions and seasonal variations of TCB in reservoirs depend on interactions between physical and chemical factors. This study was conducted to evaluate the water quality in the Aha Reservoir, Southwest China, focusing on cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins. Water samples were collected weekly or biweekly from May to September of 2015 and used to delineate temporal variations in density and distribution of toxic cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in the reservoir. Toxic cyanobacteria identified consisted of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae, Pseudanabaena limnetica, Cylindrospermopsis sp., and Microcystis sp., with Aphanizomenon flos-aquae and Pseudanabaena limnetica being the most common and significant toxic genera. The total biomass of cyanobacteria was 17.0 mg/L. Identification and quantification of microcystin variants were conducted by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) using a system equipped with a photodiode array detector. Microcystin levels were between 0–3.0 μg/L, MC-RR was around 0–3.0 μg/L and MC-LR was approximately 0–0.9 μg/L. Overall, the results of this study indicate that the investigated reservoirs should be monitored regularly to minimize potential health risks to the human population. 相似文献
16.
王有春 《广东海洋大学学报》2002,22(5):49-52
我国的民主党派既不同于执政党 ,也不同于反对党 ,它们是接受中国共产党领导、致力于社会主义现代化建设的参政党。所谓参政 ,首先是参加国家政权 ,其次是参与国家大政方和国家领导人人选的协商 ,其三是参与国家事务的管理。民主党派不仅要参政 ,还要对执政的中国共产党进行有效的监督 ,因为执政党 .的状况如何 ,路线、方、政策正确与否 ,直接关系到社会主义事业的兴衰成败。所以 ,作为执政党的中国共产党 ,一定要充分认识并切实发挥各民主党派的监督作用。 相似文献
17.
以章丘地区土壤为对象,系统分析了表层、深层土壤及8条剖面土壤中Se元素的含量水平,研究了土壤中Se的分布特征及其与土壤类型、成土母质、地形地貌和土壤理化性质及组分的关系。结果表明：章丘地区表层土壤中Se含量在0.1～0.8mg/kg之间,以中硒土壤为主,富硒土壤面积173km2。土壤类型中,水稻土Se平均含量水平最高,为0.55mg/kg;成土母质中以石炭—二叠纪泥页岩发育的土壤Se含量最高;剖面土壤中的Se主要在表层富集。影响章丘地区土壤Se含量分布的主要因素是成土母质、地形地貌、土壤pH、有机质及土壤中硫、铁铝氧化物等组分。 相似文献
18.
Evaluation and analysis of provincial differences in resources and environment carrying capacity in China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Resources and environment carrying capacity is central to not only regional sustainable development but also major function-oriented zoning. This paper presents an evaluation index system for resources and environment carrying capacity based on four aspects of carrying capacity(i.e., water resources, land resources, the environment, and ecosystems) by using a square deviation decision-making method, and on the basis of above effort evaluates the resources and environment carrying capacity across 31 provincial regions in China(not including Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan regions of China). In addition, this paper evaluates the current state of socio-economic development, and analyzes the spatial distribution of resources and environment pressure. The results showed that distinct spatial differences in resources and environment carrying capacity and pressure across provincial regions. Resources and environment pressure is affected by both comprehensive resources and environment carrying capacity and socio-economic development. Regions subjected to lower degrees of resources and environment pressure will be restricted by resources and environmental problems through future courses of development owing to excessively low carrying capacities. By contrast, regions with higher comprehensive resources and environment carrying capacity will be subjected to excessively high levels of resources and environment pressure because of rapid socio-economic development. Both of resources and environment carrying capacity and pressure must therefore be considered in the allocation of country-binding targets to provincial regions. 相似文献
19.
Selected trace metals(Pb, Cd, Cu, Hg) and arsenic in seawater and surface sediments of Laizhou Bay were determined, to evaluate their spatial distribution, pollution risk and potential ecological risk. Concentrations of the elements were 0.56–2.07, 0.14–0.38, 12.70–18.40, 0.014–0.094, and 1.13–2.37 μg/L in the seawater and 8.94–32.2, 0.18–0.67, 4.51–30.5, 0.006–0.058, and 5.75–15.3 mg/kg in sediments for Pb, Cd, Cu, Hg and As, respectively. High concentrations of the trace metals and arsenic in seawater and surface sediments were generally observed near the river estuary. The pollution risk result of the elements showed that Cu was the prominent trace metal pollutant in seawater, followed by Hg, Pb, Cd and As. The metal complex pollution index in seawater was at a medium level. The most important trace metal pollutant in sediments was Cd, followed by As, Cu, Pb, and Hg. Our pollution assessment suggests that trace metal pollution in Laizhou Bay sediments was at a low level. The potential ecological risk was also low in surface sediment. 相似文献
20.
JIN Huijun SUN Guangyou YU Shaopeng JIN Rui HE Ruixia 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2008,18(1):62-69
Recently, the degradation of permafrost and marsh environments in the Da and Xiao Hinggan Mountains has become a great concern as more human activities and pronounced climate warming were observed during the past 30 years and projected for the near future. The distr/bution patterns and development mechanisms of the permafrost and marshes have been examined both in theories and in field observations, in order to better understand the symbiosis of permafrost and marshes. The permafrost and marshes in the Da and Xiao Hinggan Mountains display discernible zonations in latitude and elevation. The marsh vegetation canopy, litter and peat soil have good thermal insulation properties for the underlying permafrost, resulting in a thermal offset of 3 ℃ to 4℃ and subsequently suppressing soil temperature. In addition, the much higher thermal conductivity of frozen and ice-rich peat in the active layer is conducive to the development or in favor of the protection of permafrost due to the semi-conductor properties of the soils overlying the permafrost. On the other hand, because permafrost is almost impervious, the osmosis of water in marsh soils can be effectively reduced, timely providing water supplies for helophytes growth or germination in spring. In the Da and Xiao Hinggan Mountains, the permafrost degradation has been accelerating due to the marked climate warming, ever increasing human activities, and the resultant eco-environmental changes. Since the permafrost and marsh environments are symbiotic and interdependent, they need to be managed or protected in a well-coordinated and integrated way. 相似文献